Method for analyzing the oxidation degree of silver ores

Abstract

The application provides a silver ore oxidation degree analysis method, belongs to the field of mineral processing and process mineralogy, and selects a to-be-measured silver ore sample, performs solidification treatment after cutting, and obtains a primary sample; performs grinding and polishing and carbon spraying treatment on the primary sample to obtain an automatic mineralogy analysis sample; performs automatic mineralogy analysis on the automatic mineralogy analysis sample, measures silver mineral content and silver content of each silver mineral, calculates an ore theoretical silver grade; measures the length of an exposed surface of a single silver mineral particle, determines the centroid position of each silver mineral particle, and calculates a centroid distance; obtains an actual silver grade of the to-be-measured silver ore sample through gravity separation, and calculates a correction coefficient; and based on mineral spatial geometric relations and density parameters, the overall oxidation rate of the silver ore and the oxidation rate of a specific silver mineral phase are calculated. The application provides a quantitative analysis method based on automatic mineralogy technology and spatial geometric relations, and realizes accurate, objective and efficient determination of the silver ore oxidation degree.

Description

Analytical methods for the degree of oxidation of silver ore Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of mineral processing and technological mineralogy, specifically to a method for analyzing the degree of oxidation in silver ore. Background Technology

[0002] The degree of oxidation of silver ore is a key factor determining its beneficiation process. In ores with a high degree of oxidation, silver minerals may exist as native silver, argentite (AgCl), or in combination with iron and manganese oxides, making them suitable for hydrometallurgical processes such as whole-sludge cyanidation. In primary ores with a low degree of oxidation, silver often exists as sulfides such as argentite, and is mostly beneficiated by flotation and other beneficiation methods.

[0003] Currently, the determination of the oxidation degree of silver ore mainly relies on the following two methods: 1. Chemical phase analysis: This method selectively dissolves different phases of silver minerals using a series of chemical solvents, tests and analyzes them, and then calculates the oxidation rate. This method is cumbersome, time-consuming, and consumes a lot of reagents. It is also ineffective at separating silver minerals in complex occurrence states, exhibiting severe "phase crossover" phenomena, and cannot accurately reflect mineralogical contact relationships. 2. Traditional process mineralogical identification: This method involves manual observation and statistical analysis using optical microscopes or scanning electron microscopes (SEM) to qualitatively or semi-quantitatively describe the oxidation phenomena of silver minerals (e.g., "edge oxidation," "association with limonite," etc.). This method is highly dependent on the experience of the identification personnel, highly subjective, has limited statistical data, and cannot provide accurate and reproducible quantitative indicators of oxidation rate.

[0004] In recent years, the development of automated mineralogical analysis technologies (such as MLA, TIMA, and AMICS) has provided strong support for the rapid and quantitative acquisition of mineral types, contents, grain size, degree of liberation, and symbiotic relationships in ores. However, existing technologies are mainly applied to quantitative mineral analysis and degree of liberation analysis, and a mature model and method based on the spatial geometric relationships of minerals, capable of accurately calculating the oxidation rate of the whole and specific mineral phases, has not yet been formed.

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to design an analytical method for the degree of oxidation of silver ore in order to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the technical problems existing in the background art, this application provides an analytical method for the degree of oxidation of silver ore, which aims to solve the technical problems of the existing chemical phase analysis method being cumbersome to operate and having low accuracy, as well as the traditional process mineralogical identification being highly subjective and unable to provide accurate and reproducible quantitative indicators.

[0007] This application provides a method for analyzing the degree of oxidation of silver ore, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Select the silver ore sample to be tested, cut it, and then solidify it to obtain the primary sample;

[0009] S2. The primary sample is subjected to grinding, polishing, and carbon spraying to obtain an automated mineralogical analysis sample;

[0010] S3. Perform automated mineralogical analysis on the sample to measure the silver mineral content C. f and the silver content C of each silver mineral f 'Calculate the theoretical silver grade D of the ore' f ;

[0011] Among them, D f =∑C f C f ', where f is 1, 2, 3..., representing the types of silver minerals;

[0012] Measure the perimeter L of the outcrop of a single silver mineral grain. n ;

[0013] Then L n =∑L nm n is 1, 2, 3..., representing the particle number; m is the type of mineral in contact with the silver mineral particle, where m=1 is a metal oxide, m=2 is a gangue mineral, and m=3 is a metal sulfide; L nm Let be the total length of the contact lines between the nth silver mineral grain and different types of minerals;

[0014] Determine the centroid location of each silver mineral grain and calculate the centroid distance R. nm ;

[0015] S4. Obtain the actual silver grade A of the silver ore sample to be tested by gravity separation, and calculate the correction coefficient K;

[0016] Where K = A / D f D f The theoretical silver grade of the ore obtained in step S3;

[0017] S5. Calculate the overall oxidation rate W of the silver ore;

[0018] Where W=K W1 / W2;

[0019] W1=∑(R nm L nm E f ), m takes values ​​of 1 or 2;

[0020] W2=∑(R) nm Lnm E f m can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0021] E f Let be the theoretical density of the f-th silver mineral, and K be the correction coefficient obtained in step S4;

[0022] S6. Calculate the oxidation rate W of a specific silver mineral phase. f ';

[0023] Among them, W f =K W f1 / W f2 ;

[0024] W f1 =∑(R nmf L nmf E f ), m takes values ​​of 1 or 2;

[0025] W f2 =∑(R nmf L nmf E f m can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0026] R nmf L is the centroid distance of the f-th silver mineral. nmf Let E be the length of the m-th contact side of the f-th silver mineral. f Let f be the theoretical density of the f-th silver mineral.

[0027] As a further improvement of this application, in step S4, the gravity separation includes: grinding the silver ore sample to be tested to 60-80% of the material to -0.074mm, and then performing gravity separation to obtain gravity concentrate and gravity tailings; determining the silver grade of the gravity concentrate and gravity tailings respectively, and calculating the actual silver grade A.

[0028] Where A=t a 11 +(1-t) a 22 ;

[0029] t is the reselection yield, a 11 To determine the silver grade of the heavy separation concentrate, a 22 The silver grade of the tailings from the gravity separation process.

[0030] As a further improvement to this application, the reselection yield is 0.05 to 2.0%.

[0031] As a further improvement to this application, in step S3, the centroid distance R nm The calculation formula is R nm =0.5 (R) nmmax +R nmmin );

[0032] Among them, R nmmax R is the longest distance from the centroid to the corresponding contact boundary line segment. nmmin It represents the shortest distance from the centroid to the corresponding contact boundary line segment.

[0033] As a further improvement of this application, in step S1, the curing process includes: placing the cut sample horizontally in the mold and injecting epoxy resin for curing; the height of the primary sample is 1.0~1.3cm.

[0034] As a further improvement of this application, the curing temperature is 45~65℃.

[0035] As a further improvement of this application, in step S2, the thickness of the carbon layer in the carbon spraying treatment is 10~30nm.

[0036] The beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0037] This application provides an analytical method for the degree of oxidation of silver ore. The method involves selecting a silver ore sample, cutting it, and then solidifying it to obtain a primary sample. This primary sample is then ground, polished, and carbon-sprayed to obtain an automated mineralogical analysis sample. Automated mineralogical analysis is performed on this sample to measure the silver mineral content and the silver content of each silver mineral, calculating the theoretical silver grade of the ore. The perimeter of the outcrop surface of individual silver mineral particles is measured to determine the centroid position of each particle, and the centroidal distance is calculated. The actual silver grade of the silver ore sample is obtained through gravity separation, and a correction factor is calculated. Based on the spatial geometric relationship and density parameters of the minerals, the overall oxidation rate of the silver ore and the oxidation rate of specific silver mineral phases are calculated. This application overcomes the problems of existing technologies relying on subjective experience or incomplete chemical separation, providing a quantitative analytical method based on automated mineralogical technology and spatial geometric relationships. This method achieves accurate, objective, and efficient determination of the degree of oxidation of silver ore, and has good reproducibility and data reliability.

[0038] This application transforms traditional qualitative observation into a quantitative indicator (oxidation rate) based on geometric parameters and statistical calculations. The results are accurate, objective, and unaffected by subjective human judgment. By combining oxidation exposure with the density of different silver minerals, it directly reflects the mineralogical interface conditions under which the oxidation reaction occurs, giving the calculation results clear physical and geological significance. This application not only provides the overall oxidation rate of the ore but also calculates the oxidation rates of different silver mineral phases (e.g., native silver vs. argentite), revealing the differentiated oxidation behavior of different minerals in complex ores. Furthermore, the measurement results are closer to the definition of oxidation rate in the process, providing crucial basis for developing more targeted beneficiation schemes. The automated mineralogical analysis results are systematically calibrated by measured grades, effectively correcting systematic biases caused by sample preparation deviations, ore sample particle size deviations, and measurement statistical errors, thus improving the accuracy and reliability of the method. Relying on the automated mineralogical platform, a large amount of particle data can be automatically acquired in a single measurement, with good statistical representativeness and efficiency far exceeding that of manual methods. Moreover, the process is standardized and has good reproducibility.

[0039] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of this application and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of this application more obvious and understandable, the following are specific embodiments of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of this application, the accompanying drawings used in this application will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 is a backscattering diagram of silver mineral particles in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 is an elemental surface scan of the particles in Figure 1;

[0043] Figure 3 shows the energy dispersive spectral analysis of the main elements in the particles in Figure 1;

[0044] Figure 4 is a backscattering diagram of the silver mineral particles in Example 1 of this application;

[0045] Figure 5 shows the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of chalcocite in the particles in Figure 4.

[0046] Figure 6 shows the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of native silver in the particles in Figure 4.

[0047] Figure 7 shows the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of chalcopyrite in the particles in Figure 4. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The embodiments of the technical solution of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application and are therefore merely examples, and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this application.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0050] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0052] The degree of oxidation in silver ore is crucial in determining the beneficiation process. Currently, its determination mainly relies on chemical phase analysis and traditional mineralogical identification. The former is cumbersome, time-consuming, and suffers from severe cross-contamination, failing to reflect mineral contact relationships; the latter depends on human experience, is highly subjective, has limited statistical data, and struggles to provide accurate and reproducible quantitative indicators. Although automated mineralogical techniques can rapidly acquire mineral parameters, current applications are limited to basic analysis, and a mature model based on mineral spatial geometry that can accurately calculate the overall and specific mineral phase oxidation rates has not yet been developed.

[0053] To address the technical problems of cumbersome operation and low accuracy in existing chemical phase analysis methods, this application provides an analytical method for the oxidation degree of silver ore. By establishing an automated mineralogical analysis model based on the spatial geometric relationship of minerals and correcting it with measured grades, the method can objectively, quantitatively, and efficiently determine the overall oxidation rate and specific mineral phase oxidation rate of silver ore, providing reliable data support for the formulation of beneficiation and smelting processes.

[0054] This application provides a method for analyzing the degree of oxidation of silver ore, including the following steps:

[0055] S1. Select the silver ore sample to be tested, cut it, and then solidify it to obtain the primary sample;

[0056] S2. Grind, polish, and carbon spray the primary sample to obtain an automated mineralogical analysis sample;

[0057] S3. Perform automated mineralogical analysis on the sample to measure the silver mineral content C. f and the silver content C of each silver mineral f 'Calculate the theoretical silver grade D of the ore' f ;

[0058] Among them, D f =∑C f C f ', where f is 1, 2, 3..., representing the types of silver minerals;

[0059] Measure the perimeter L of the outcrop of a single silver mineral grain. n ;

[0060] Then L n =∑L nm n is 1, 2, 3..., representing the particle number; m is the type of mineral in contact with the silver mineral particle, where m=1 is a metal oxide, m=2 is a gangue mineral, and m=3 is a metal sulfide; L nm Let be the total length of the contact lines between the nth silver mineral grain and different types of minerals;

[0061] Determine the centroid location of each silver mineral grain and calculate the centroid distance R. nm ;

[0062] S4. Obtain the actual silver grade A of the silver ore sample to be tested by gravity separation, and calculate the correction coefficient K;

[0063] Where K = A / D f D f The theoretical silver grade of the ore obtained in step S3;

[0064] S5. Calculate the overall oxidation rate W of the silver ore;

[0065] Where W=K W1 / W2;

[0066] W1=∑(R nm L nm E f ), m takes values ​​of 1 or 2;

[0067] W2=∑(R) nm L nm E fm can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0068] E f Let be the theoretical density of the f-th silver mineral, and K be the correction coefficient obtained in step S4;

[0069] S6. Calculate the oxidation rate W of a specific silver mineral phase. f ';

[0070] Among them, W f =K W f1 / W f2 ;

[0071] W f1 =∑(R nmf L nmf E f ), m takes values ​​of 1 or 2;

[0072] W f2 =∑(R nmf L nmf E f m can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0073] R nmf L is the centroid distance of the f-th silver mineral. nmf Let E be the length of the m-th contact side of the f-th silver mineral. f Let f be the theoretical density of the f-th silver mineral.

[0074] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the geometric spatial contact relationship between silver mineral particles and their surrounding minerals is quantified through automated mineralogical analysis. An oxidation exposure weighted model is constructed by combining the theoretical density of different silver minerals to calculate the oxidation rate with a clear physical meaning. The oxidation rate is then calibrated by comparing it with the silver grade obtained from actual chemical analysis, effectively eliminating systematic errors caused by instrument measurement, mineral particle size and statistical representativeness. This achieves an objective, accurate and quantitative evaluation of the oxidation degree of the overall silver ore and specific silver mineral phases.

[0075] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S4, the gravity separation includes: grinding the silver ore sample to be tested to 60-80% of the material to -0.074 mm, followed by gravity separation to obtain gravity concentrate and gravity tailings; determining the silver grade of the gravity concentrate and gravity tailings respectively, and calculating the actual silver grade A.

[0076] Where A=t a 11 +(1-t) a 22 ;

[0077] t is the reselection yield, a 11 To determine the silver grade of the heavy separation concentrate, a 22 The silver grade of the tailings from the gravity separation process.

[0078] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by grinding the sample to a suitable fineness and performing gravity separation, the enrichment effect of silver minerals during gravity separation is utilized to separate the sample into high-grade concentrate and low-grade tailings. Subsequently, chemical analysis is performed on both, and the true silver grade A of the sample is calculated based on yield weighting. This process helps improve the representativeness and accuracy of chemical analysis through physical pre-enrichment, thereby providing a reliable measured data basis for the subsequent correction coefficient K, calibrating potential systematic biases in automated mineralogical analysis, and ensuring the reliability of the final oxidation rate quantitative result.

[0079] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the reselection yield is 0.05 to 2.0%.

[0080] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by controlling an appropriate yield range, silver minerals are enriched to the maximum extent in the gravity separation concentrate, thereby improving the accuracy and representativeness of the actual silver grade determination. Specifically, gravity separation can be carried out using equipment such as Nelson centrifugal concentrators, shaking tables, and spiral sluices.

[0081] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S3, the centroid distance R nm The calculation formula is R nm =0.5 (R) nmmax +R nmmin );

[0082] Among them, R nmmax R is the longest distance from the centroid to the corresponding contact boundary line segment. nmmin It represents the shortest distance from the centroid to the corresponding contact boundary line segment.

[0083] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, the average of the longest and shortest distances from the centroid position to the contact boundary line segment is taken as R. nm This allows for accurate characterization of the relative positional relationship between the center of silver mineral particles and the interface of contacting minerals, thereby improving the scientific rigor and precision of spatial geometric parameter calculations.

[0084] Specifically, in step S3, the automatic mineralogical analysis preferably uses a selective particle measurement mode, that is, only silver mineral particles and mineral particles at the edges of silver mineral particles are measured. After the measurement, the energy spectrum lines of the measured silver mineral and its edge minerals are matched with the theoretical mineral energy spectrum database or a user-defined mineral spectrum library. Minerals at the edges of silver mineral particles refer to other types of minerals in direct and close contact with the silver mineral. Instrument parameters are set, specifically by sequentially adjusting the working distance of the equipment to 11-13 mm, the high voltage control to 20-25 kV, adjusting the filament saturation point, displacement and tilt, electron beam intensity, brightness and contrast, and image focusing functions to obtain an image. The gold standard sample should have a full-view energy spectrum count rate of 60-100 kcps or higher, a grayscale value of 230-250, and an epoxy resin grayscale value of approximately 10. The magnification should be selected so that the actual pixel size reaches 0.3 μm-0.5 μm. The background threshold grayscale should be set to 10-20. The preferred measurement termination condition is the number of image frames acquired. Silver mineral content C f and the silver content C of each silver mineral f All are averages of multiple (5 or more) analysis results.

[0085] For the centroid position H of each silver mineral grain n (X) hn ,Y hn ), calculate its coordinate position using the following formula:

[0086] x-axis X hn =1 / Q ;

[0087] y-axis hn =1 / Q ;

[0088] Where h represents the centroid, n represents the particle number, Q is the total pixel area of ​​the silver mineral particle, s is the number of pixel micro-units divided by the nth particle, dQ is the area of ​​the sth pixel micro-unit, and xs and ys are the x and y coordinates of the sth pixel micro-unit, respectively. For graphics with holes, the hole area is automatically filled and included in the calculation; the measurement of the centroid position does not consider mineral density or mineral type, and only recognizes closed graphics.

[0089] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S1, the curing process includes: placing the cut sample horizontally in a mold, injecting epoxy resin for curing; the height of the initial sample is 1.0~1.3cm. The curing temperature is 45~65℃.

[0090] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, by setting specific parameters for the curing process, it is ensured that the sample to be tested is fully embedded and supported, while avoiding changes in mineral properties due to excessively high temperature or affecting the polishing quality due to improper sample size. This provides a high-quality polished sheet with a smooth surface and stable structure for subsequent automated mineralogical analysis. Specifically, multiple representative silver ore samples are selected and cut into small pieces (smaller than the inner diameter of the sample preparation mold), with a thickness of 0.3~0.8cm. The cut samples are then cured by mixing epoxy resin and its corresponding curing agent. A thin layer of epoxy resin mixture is first injected into the mold, and the cut small sample pieces are placed in the mold. A second layer of epoxy resin mixture is injected into the mold, making the final liquid level 1.0~1.3cm. The mixture is then ultrasonically vibrated for 6.0~12.0min, and then further accelerated at 45~65℃. The silver ore sample to be tested can be an ore sample, core sample, or belt sample, or a pre-crushed sample. All samples should be taken in accordance with geological sampling specifications or process mineralogy sampling specifications to ensure their representativeness; for extremely heterogeneous ores, a sufficient number of subsamples should be collected to cover their variability. The number of pieces cut from each ore sample should be 1 to 5.

[0091] Furthermore, in some embodiments, in step S2, the thickness of the carbon layer treated by carbon spraying is 10~30nm.

[0092] In the technical solution of this application embodiment, an appropriate carbon layer thickness ensures that the sample surface has suitable conductivity to eliminate the charging effect, while avoiding excessive carbon layer thickness from affecting the penetration and detection of mineral characteristic X-rays, thereby ensuring the imaging quality and accuracy of compositional data in automated mineralogical analysis. Specifically, before carbon spraying, the cured and demolded sample is polished using a polishing machine (including coarse grinding, fine grinding, precision grinding, and polishing). During the initial coarse grinding, the surface morphology of the sample after grinding is observed under an optical microscope, ensuring all particles are exposed. Care is taken to eliminate scratches during polishing. The carbon spraying process uses a multi-functional coating instrument to spray a carbon layer 10-30 nm thick to ensure sample conductivity.

[0093] The following are some specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments described below are exemplary and are only used to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application. Where specific techniques or conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they shall be performed in accordance with the techniques or conditions described in the literature in this field or according to the product instructions. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be obtained commercially.

[0094] Example 1

[0095] This embodiment provides an analytical method for the oxidation degree of silver ore. The method is applied to analyze the oxidation degree of a refractory silver ore in Henan Province. This ore exhibits poor direct flotation performance. The main metal sulfides in the sample are galena, with relatively low levels of other metal sulfides; the main metal oxides are hematite and magnetite, with fewer other metal oxides; the main gangue minerals are feldspar and quartz, with fewer other gangue minerals. The ore has a high oxidation rate and is classified as an oxidized ore. Analysis revealed that the sample had a silver grade of 189.16 g / t, a lead grade of 0.41%, and a sulfur grade of 0.16%. The specific steps include:

[0096] S1. Sample Preparation

[0097] Ten representative silver ore samples were selected. The samples to be tested were ore samples with a particle size greater than 3.0 cm. The samples were cut into small pieces (less than 2.0 cm in size) with a thickness of 0.3 cm. The cut samples were then cured by mixing epoxy resin and its corresponding curing agent (volume ratio 2:1). A thin layer of epoxy resin mixture solution with a thickness of 0.50 cm was injected into the mold for the first time. The cut small sample pieces were placed in the mold. The epoxy resin mixture solution was injected into the mold for the second time to make the final liquid level about 1.20 cm. The mold was ultrasonically vibrated for 10.0 min and then further accelerated at 45℃.

[0098] S2. Sample processing

[0099] The solidified sample from step S1 was demolded, and the demolded sample was then ground, polished, and carbon-sprayed to obtain sample b for automated mineralogical analysis. i (i=10, representing the number of samples); grinding and polishing include coarse grinding for 2.0 min, fine grinding for 2.0 min, fine grinding for 2.5 min, and polishing for 5.0 min; the carbon layer thickness of the carbon spraying treatment is 15 nm;

[0100] S3. Automated Mineralogical Analysis

[0101] For the prepared automated mineralogical analysis sample b i Perform automated mineralogical analysis, set the instrument measurement parameters, start the measurement and continue until the measurement is completed;

[0102] The instrument parameters are set as follows: The working distance is adjusted to 13mm, the high voltage control to 5kV, and the filament saturation point, displacement and tilt, electron beam intensity, brightness and contrast, and image focusing are adjusted sequentially to obtain an image. The gold standard sample must achieve a full-view energy spectrum count rate of 120kcps and a grayscale value of 240, with the epoxy resin having a grayscale value of approximately 10. The magnification is selected to ensure the actual pixel size reaches 0.3μm. The background threshold grayscale is set to 20. The number of image frames acquired is used as the measurement termination condition.

[0103] The composition of silver minerals was determined, and the silver mineral content was C. f (f represents 1, 2, 3..., which respectively represent native silver, sulfide silver, other types of silver, etc.), and the silver content of each silver mineral is C. f ';

[0104] Calculate the theoretical silver grade D of the ore f D f =∑C f C f =183.50 g / t, see Table 1 for details;

[0105] Table 1. Calculation results of silver mineral content and silver metal distribution rate.

[0106]

[0107] The perimeter of the outcrop of a single silver mineral was measured to be L. n (n represents silver mineral grains), then L n =∑L nm (m = 1, 2, 3, representing metal oxides, gangue minerals, and metal sulfides, respectively), L nm The total length of the contact line between the nth silver mineral grain and different types of minerals is shown in Table 2. The following table only lists some data, and the ellipsis (...) indicates data from other samples. All samples underwent the same test. Due to space limitations, only data from some samples are shown as examples.

[0108] Table 2. Results of Automatic Mineralogical Measurement of Silver Mineral Outcrops

[0109]

[0110] Determine the centroid H of silver mineral grains n (X) hn ,Y hn h represents the centroid, and n represents the particle number; calculate the centroid H. n (X) hn ,Y hn Distance R to the edge nm R nm =0.5 (R) nmmax +R nmmin ), where R nmmax The distance from the centroid to the side length (the m segments of L) nm The longest distance between any point on the graph, R nmmin The distance from the centroid to the side length (the m segments of L) nm The shortest distance to any point on the ) is detailed in Table 3;

[0111] Table 3. Results of Centroid and Centroid Distance Measurement Analysis

[0112]

[0113] S4. Silver Grade Certification

[0114] A representative silver ore sample of 1.0 kg was selected and ground to a fineness of -0.074 mm (200 mesh), accounting for 60%. The ground sample was then subjected to gravity separation (using a Nelson centrifugal concentrator), with a gravity separation yield t of 0.10%. The gravity concentrate and tailings were denoted as sample a1 and sample a2, respectively. The silver grade of the gravity concentrate a1 was analyzed by total analysis, and the silver grade of the tailings a2 was analyzed by sampling, denoted as a1 and a2, respectively. 11 =11941.66g / t and a 22 =177.40 g / t; the actual silver grade of the silver ore sample is A, then:

[0115] A=t a 11 +(1-t) a 22 =11941.66 0.10% + (1 - 0.10%) 177.40 = 189.16 g / t;

[0116] Correction factor K = A / D f =189.16 / 183.50=1.03;

[0117] S5. Calculate the oxidation rate W of silver ore.

[0118] W=K W1 / W2=1.03 4.52 10 6 / 7.95 10 6 =58.56%;

[0119] Where W1=∑(R nm L nm E f =42.72 43.67 10.60 + 37.05 2.55 10.60+

[0120] 25.45 197.56 10.6 + 22.95 46.22 10.60 + ... = 4.52 10 6 m takes the values ​​1 or 2;

[0121] W2=∑(R) nm L nm E f =42.72 43.67 10.60 + 37.05 2.55 10.60+

[0122] 25.45 197.56 10.60 + 22.95 46.22 10.60 + ... = 7.95 10 6 m takes the values ​​1, 2, or 3;

[0123] S6. Calculate the oxidation rate W of native silver minerals. f '

[0124] W f '=K W f1 / W f2 =1.03 3.19 10 6 / 5.51 10 6 =59.63%

[0125] Among them, W f1 =∑(R nmf L nmf E f )

[0126] =42.72 43.67 10.60 + 37.05 2.55 10.60 + 25.45 197.56 10.60+

[0127] 22.95 46.22 10.60 + ... = 3.19 10 6 m takes the value 1 or 2, and f takes the value 1;

[0128] W f2 =∑(R nmf L nmf E f )

[0129] =42.72 43.67 10.60 + 37.05 2.55 10.60 + 25.45 197.56 10.60+

[0130] 22.95 46.22 10.60 + ... = 5.51 10 6 m takes the values ​​1, 2, or 3, and f takes the value 1.

[0131] Figures 1 to 3 show the scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy analysis of silver mineral grains. In Figure 2, native silver (red) is shown in contact with galena (blue), chalcopyrite (green), and gangue mineral phases (gray).

[0132] Figures 4 to 7 show the scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analyses of another silver mineral grain. In Figure 4, numbers 1, 2, and 3 represent chalcopyrite, native silver, and chalcopyrite, respectively. It can be seen that chalcopyrite is in contact with gangue minerals, while native silver is in contact with both chalcopyrite and gangue minerals. The elemental contents of chalcopyrite are: Ag: 70.75%, Cu: 17.82%, S: 11.43%; the elemental contents of native silver are: Ag: 98.59%, S: 1.41%; and the elemental contents of chalcopyrite are: Ag: 4.67%, Cu: 32.58%, S: 33.07%, Fe: 29.68%.

[0133] It should be noted that this application is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above embodiments are merely examples, and any embodiments with the same structure and effect as the technical concept within the scope of this application are included in the technical scope of this application. Furthermore, various modifications that can be conceived by those skilled in the art to the embodiments, and other ways of constructing by combining some of the constituent elements of the embodiments, without departing from the spirit of this application, are also included in the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing the degree of oxidation of silver ore, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select the silver ore sample to be tested, cut it, and then solidify it to obtain the primary sample; S2. The primary sample is ground, polished, and carbon-sprayed to obtain an automated mineralogical analysis sample; S3. The automated mineralogical analysis sample is subjected to automated mineralogical analysis to measure the silver mineral content C. f and the silver content C of each silver mineral f 'Calculate the theoretical silver grade D of the ore' f ; where D f =∑C f C f ', f is 1, 2, 3..., representing the silver mineral type; measure the perimeter L of the outcrop of a single silver mineral grain. n Then L n =∑L nm n is 1, 2, 3..., representing the particle number; m is the type of mineral in contact with the silver mineral particle, where m=1 is a metal oxide, m=2 is a gangue mineral, and m=3 is a metal sulfide; L nm Let R be the total length of the contact lines between the nth silver mineral grain and different types of minerals; determine the centroid position of each silver mineral grain and calculate the centroid distance R. nm The centroid distance R nm The calculation formula is R nm =0.5 (R) nmmax +R nmmin ); where R nmmax R is the longest distance from the centroid to the corresponding contact boundary line segment. nmmin S4. Obtain the actual silver grade A of the silver ore sample to be tested through reseparation and calculate the correction coefficient K; where K = A / D f D f S3 is the theoretical silver grade of the ore; S5. Calculate the overall oxidation rate W of the silver ore; where W=K W1 / W2;W1=∑(R nm L nm From f ), m 1、2;W2=∑(R nm L nm E f ), m takes the values ​​1, 2, or 3; E f Let K be the theoretical density of the f-th silver mineral, and K be the correction factor obtained in step S4; S6. Calculate the oxidation rate W of a specific silver mineral phase. f ';W f =K W f1 / W f2 ;W f1 =∑(R nmf L nmf E f ), m takes values ​​of 1 or 2; W f2 =∑(R nmf L nmf E f m takes values ​​of 1, 2, or 3; R nmf L is the centroid distance of the f-th silver mineral. nmf Let E be the length of the m-th contact side of the f-th silver mineral. f Let f be the theoretical density of the f-th type of silver mineral.

2. The method for analyzing the degree of oxidation of silver ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the gravity separation includes: grinding the silver ore sample to be tested to a density of 60-80% -0.074 mm, followed by gravity separation to obtain gravity concentrate and gravity tailings; determining the silver grade of the gravity concentrate and gravity tailings respectively, and calculating the actual silver grade A; where A = t a 11 +(1-t) a 22 t represents the reselection yield, a 11 To determine the silver grade of the heavy separation concentrate, a 22 The silver grade of the tailings from the gravity separation process.

3. The method for analyzing the degree of oxidation of silver ore according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reselection yield is 0.05~2.0%.

4. The method for analyzing the degree of oxidation of silver ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the curing process includes: placing the cut sample horizontally in the mold and injecting epoxy resin for curing; the height of the primary sample is 1.0~1.3cm.

5. The method for analyzing the degree of oxidation of silver ore according to claim 4, characterized in that, The curing temperature is 45~65℃.

6. The method for analyzing the degree of oxidation of silver ore according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the thickness of the carbon layer in the carbon spraying treatment is 10~30nm.

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