Temperature control protection method and system for energy storage container group

Abstract

The invention discloses a temperature control protection method and system for an energy storage container group, and the method comprises the steps: replacing air in a sealed box body with inert gas with preset pressure, so as to build and maintain an inert protection atmosphere for a battery system; the gas pressure and the oxygen concentration in the sealed box body are monitored in real time, the gas pressure in the sealed box body is dynamically maintained to be stabilized in a micro-positive pressure state higher than the external environment gas pressure, and the oxygen concentration is maintained to be lower than a safety threshold value; driving the gas to perform closed forced circulation, so that the gas flows through the surface of the battery module in the sealed box body to absorb heat and form a heat-carrying gas flow; the heat-carrying airflow is guided to pass through a dividing wall type heat exchanger preset in the sealed box body, and heat is transferred to a liquid cooling working medium circulating through the dividing wall type heat exchanger; and the liquid cooling working medium which absorbs heat is circulated to an external radiator which is pre-arranged outside the sealing box body, and is finally discharged. Local overheating can be effectively inhibited, so that the service life of the battery module is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a temperature control protection method and system for an energy storage container group. BACKGROUND

[0002] The container type energy storage system with lithium ion battery as the core has become the mainstream form of large-scale energy storage power station because of its flexible deployment and convenient capacity expansion. However, the internal thermal environment management and safety protection of the energy storage container, as the centralized carrier of high energy density battery cluster, is the core technical bottleneck restricting the sustainable development of the industry, which is directly related to the system operation efficiency, battery life and overall safety of the power station.

[0003] At present, the temperature control protection of the energy storage container in the industry mainly relies on two traditional technical paths. One is forced air cooling technology, that is, the external environment air is directly introduced into the box through a high-power fan, and the heat is carried out of the box after flowing through the surface of the battery. The second is liquid cooling technology, which integrates a liquid cooling plate in the battery module, and uses the cooling liquid to directly contact and exchange heat with the battery. The heated cooling liquid is then cooled by an air conditioner or cooling tower outside the box. Both of these two technologies focus on how to more efficiently transfer the heat generated by the battery to the external environment, and the technical core is to improve the efficiency of heat exchange and transfer.

[0004] Although the forced air cooling and liquid cooling technologies are widely used, their inherent defects limit the performance improvement of the energy storage system. The forced air cooling scheme has high energy consumption and poor environmental adaptability. Dust and moisture in the external air are easy to enter the box, affecting the service life of the equipment and bringing safety hazards, and its temperature control uniformity is poor. While the liquid cooling scheme improves the heat exchange efficiency, it is complex and costly, and there is a risk of cooling liquid leakage. Therefore, the above two technologies have not solved the problem from the fundamental level of improving the battery operating environment, and there is still a lot of room for improvement in safety and energy efficiency. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a temperature control protection method and system for an energy storage container group, which aims to solve the above-mentioned problems recorded in the prior art.

[0006] The first aspect of the present application is to provide a temperature control protection method for an energy storage container group, which is based on a sealed box environment, and the method comprises: replacing the air in the sealed box with inert gas at a predetermined pressure to establish and maintain an inert protective atmosphere for the battery system; real-time monitoring of the gas pressure and oxygen concentration in the sealed box, and dynamically maintaining the gas pressure in the sealed box at a slightly positive pressure higher than the external environment pressure, and maintaining the oxygen concentration below a safety threshold; In the inert protective atmosphere, the driving gas is driven to perform closed forced circulation, flows through the surface of the battery module in the sealed box to absorb heat, and forms a heat carrying gas flow; The heat carrying gas flow is guided to pass through a partition wall type heat exchanger prearranged in the sealed box, and heat is transferred to liquid cooling working medium circulating through the partition wall type heat exchanger; The liquid cooling working medium which has absorbed heat is circulated to an external heat sink prearranged outside the sealed box, and heat is finally discharged to the external environment.

[0007] According to one aspect of the above technical solution, the steps of real-time monitoring of the gas pressure and oxygen concentration in the sealed box and dynamically maintaining the gas pressure in the sealed box at a micro-positive pressure higher than the external environment and maintaining the oxygen concentration below a safety threshold value include: The absolute pressure value in the sealed box is obtained in real time by a pressure sensor, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sealed box is monitored in real time by a differential pressure sensor; The oxygen concentration in the sealed box is monitored in real time by an oxygen concentration sensor; When the pressure difference is below a first set threshold value, a prearranged air supplement device is controlled to supplement inert gas into the sealed box to maintain the micro-positive pressure in the sealed box; When the oxygen concentration is higher than a second set threshold value, the air exhaust valve and the air supplement device are controlled to work cooperatively to replace the gas in the sealed box until the oxygen concentration returns to below the second set threshold value.

[0008] According to one aspect of the above technical solution, when the pressure difference is below a first set threshold value, a prearranged air supplement device is controlled to supplement inert gas into the sealed box to maintain the micro-positive pressure in the sealed box, and the steps include: According to the deviation value of the pressure difference below the first set threshold value, the air supplement flow set value of the air supplement device is calculated by a PID control algorithm; The valve opening degree of the proportional valve in the air supplement device is controlled, so that the inert gas continuously enters the sealed box at the air supplement flow set value; During the air supplement process, the change of the pressure difference is monitored in real time, and when the pressure difference reaches and stabilizes in a prearranged micro-positive pressure range, the proportional valve is controlled to switch to a target opening degree.

[0009] According to one aspect of the above technical solution, in the step of driving the gas to perform closed forced circulation in the inert protective atmosphere, the gas flows through the surface of the battery module in the sealed box to absorb heat and form a heat carrying gas flow, and the step further includes: In the closed circulation path of the gas, the circulating gas is continuously electrostatically dedusted to remove the conductive particles and aerosol impurities carried in the gas.

[0010] According to an aspect of the above technical solution, in the closed circulation path of the gas, the step of continuously electrostatically dedusting the circulating gas to remove the conductive particles and aerosol impurities carried in the gas includes: Passing the dust-containing gas flow through a high-voltage electric field composed of a tungsten wire discharge electrode and a grounded electrode plate, the discharge electrode being applied with a 4-6kV DC negative high voltage, so as to ionize the gas molecules and charge the dust particles; Making the charged particles enter a uniform electric field composed of parallel and alternating grounded electrode plates and dust collecting electrode plates applied with a 8-12kV DC negative high voltage, and being adsorbed to the surface of the dust collecting electrode plates under the action of Coulomb force; Wherein, the dust collecting electrode plate is provided with a high-frequency acoustic wave dust cleaning device to remove dust at a preset period or according to the pressure difference sensor signal.

[0011] According to an aspect of the above technical solution, the inert gas is a mixed gas containing 90-95% nitrogen and 5-10% helium by volume fraction, the preset micro-positive pressure range is 50-150Pa, and the safety threshold of the oxygen concentration, i.e. the second set threshold, is set to be lower than 2-5%.

[0012] According to an aspect of the above technical solution, in the step of circulating the liquid cooling working medium that has absorbed heat to an external radiator preset outside the sealed box body and finally discharging heat to the external environment, the external radiator is a dry cooler, and the specific implementation includes: A spray humidification system is arranged in front of the heat exchange fin tube bundle of the dry cooler; When the ambient temperature is higher than the first set threshold and the system heat dissipation load is higher than the second set threshold, the spray humidification system is started to spray atomized water to the surface of the heat exchange fins, and heat is absorbed by water evaporation to strengthen heat dissipation.

[0013] The second aspect of the application provides a temperature control protection system for an energy storage container group, which is applied to the above-mentioned method, and the system includes: A sealed box body; An atmosphere control subsystem for filling and maintaining an inert protective atmosphere in the sealed box body; A circulating heat exchange subsystem for driving the inert gas in the box to circulate through the battery module and complete heat exchange; A gas purification subsystem arranged on the gas circulation path for electrostatically dedusting the circulating gas; An external heat dissipation subsystem for discharging the heat transferred by the circulating heat exchange subsystem to the external environment; And a control unit, with each subsystem communication connection, for collaborative control the whole temperature control protection process.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the energy storage container group temperature control protection method and system has the beneficial effects that: The scheme shown in the present application establishes and dynamically maintains a clean inert gas micro-positive pressure environment, wherein the inert atmosphere effectively eliminates the possibility of fire or explosion caused by battery thermal runaway, and the micro-positive pressure state effectively blocks the invasion of external harmful substances such as moisture and dust, creating an extremely stable operating environment for the battery system. Secondly, the inert gas in closed circulation as a heat transfer medium has better characteristics than air, combined with the interwall heat exchange and external heat dissipation, forming a high-efficiency and isolated heat transfer path, which not only can quickly export heat, but also ensures the uniformity of the temperature field in the sealed box, effectively inhibits local overheating, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and more readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 The flowchart of the energy storage container group temperature control protection method provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. Figure 2 The structure block diagram of the energy storage container group temperature control protection system provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown in the figure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the objectives, features and advantages of the present application more apparent and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The present application is shown in several embodiments in the drawings. However, the present application can be realized in many different forms, and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0017] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there can be a middle element. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there can be a middle element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0018] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used in the description herein is for describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0019] Embodiment one Please refer to Figure 1 The first embodiment of the present application provides a temperature control protection method for an energy storage container group, which is based on a sealed box environment. The method comprises steps S10-S50: Step S10, replace the air in the sealed box with inert gas at a predetermined pressure to establish and maintain an inert protective atmosphere for the battery system.

[0020] Specifically, the air in the sealed box is replaced by introducing high-purity nitrogen or other inert gas, such as argon-helium mixed gas, into the sealed box through the air inlet valve connected to the bottom of the sealed box, while the air in the sealed box is discharged through the air outlet valve at the top of the sealed box. By using the flow direction of down-in and up-out, the gas density difference is used to achieve sufficient replacement, and at least 3 complete box volumes of replacement amount is required to ensure that the oxygen concentration in the box is reduced to below 1%.

[0021] Secondly, when the oxygen concentration sensor detects that the concentration reaches the target range of 0.8%-1.2%, the air outlet valve is closed, and the inert gas is continuously introduced until the pressure in the sealed box reaches the reference positive pressure value.

[0022] Finally, during normal operation of the system, when the differential pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the box is below the set threshold, the air supplement program is automatically started. The air supplement system accurately controls the air supplement flow rate through the proportional regulating valve to restore the working pressure in a gradual manner, avoiding excessive pressure fluctuations. At the same time, the oxygen concentration is continuously monitored, and when the concentration abnormally rises, the secondary replacement program is automatically started to ensure the stability of the inert atmosphere.

[0023] Step S20, real-time monitoring of the gas pressure and oxygen concentration in the sealed box, and dynamically maintaining the gas pressure in the sealed box at a micro-positive pressure state higher than the external environment pressure, and maintaining the oxygen concentration below the safety threshold.

[0024] In this embodiment, the step of real-time monitoring of the gas pressure and oxygen concentration in the sealed box, and dynamically maintaining the gas pressure in the sealed box at a micro-positive pressure state higher than the external environment pressure, and maintaining the oxygen concentration below the safety threshold, comprises: The absolute pressure value in the sealed box is acquired in real time by a pressure sensor, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sealed box is monitored in real time by a differential pressure sensor; The oxygen concentration in the sealed box is monitored in real time by an oxygen concentration sensor; When the pressure difference is lower than a first set threshold value, a preset air supplement device is controlled to supplement inert gas into the sealed box to maintain a micro-positive pressure state in the sealed box; When the oxygen concentration is higher than a second set threshold value, an exhaust valve is controlled to work cooperatively with the air supplement device to replace the gas in the sealed box until the oxygen concentration is restored to below the second set threshold value.

[0025] When the pressure difference is lower than a first set threshold value, a preset air supplement device is controlled to supplement inert gas into the sealed box to maintain a micro-positive pressure state in the sealed box, including: According to the deviation value of the pressure difference being lower than the first set threshold value, the air supplement flow rate set value of the air supplement device is calculated by a PID control algorithm; The valve opening degree of the proportional valve in the air supplement device is controlled to continuously pass inert gas into the sealed box at the air supplement flow rate set value; During the air supplement process, the change of the pressure difference is monitored in real time, and when the pressure difference reaches and stabilizes in a preset micro-positive pressure range, the proportional valve is controlled to switch to a target opening degree.

[0026] Specifically, in the embodiment, the absolute pressure in the box and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the box are collected in real time at a frequency of 1 time per second by the absolute pressure sensor and the differential pressure sensor group arranged at different positions of the sealed box. Meanwhile, the oxygen volume concentration of several representative measuring points in the sealed box, such as the middle region of the battery cluster and the circulating air return port, is continuously monitored by using a high-precision zirconia oxygen concentration analyzer. All the sensor data are uploaded to the control system for filtering and redundancy checking.

[0027] When the differential pressure sensor detects that the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sealed box is lower than a maintenance threshold value, such as lower than 40 Pa, the pressure maintenance program is triggered. At this time, the air supplement flow rate set value is calculated by a pre-calibrated PID algorithm according to the pressure difference deviation value, and the opening degree of the electric proportional valve in the air supplement pipeline is adjusted to pass high-purity nitrogen into the sealed box at a controlled flow rate. Moreover, during the air supplement process, the pressure difference change rate is monitored in real time, and when the pressure difference approaches a target value, such as 50 Pa, the air supplement flow rate is automatically reduced to achieve smooth transition and avoid overshoot.

[0028] In addition, when the oxygen concentration analyzer detects that the concentration exceeds the safety threshold, such as 1.5%, the concentration regulation program is started synchronously, at which time the air supplement flow is first increased to 2-3 times the maintenance flow, and the exhaust valve at the upper part of the box is temporarily opened to form a large-flow air supplement and limited exhaust replacement effect. This process continues until the oxygen concentration is reduced to below 0.8%, and then it is restored to the normal pressure maintenance mode.

[0029] And it needs to be noted that during the entire regulation process, pressure maintenance is prior to concentration regulation, so as to ensure that the continuous micro-positive pressure state is not destroyed.

[0030] Step S30, in the inert protective atmosphere, the driving gas is driven to form a closed forced circulation, and flows through the surface of the battery module in the sealed box to absorb heat and form a heat-carrying gas flow.

[0031] Specifically, by means of the brushless DC centrifugal fan distributed between the battery modules in the sealed box, the inert gas is driven to form a closed circulation along the preset flow channel, and a throttling effect is formed at the gap between the battery modules, so that the gas flow velocity is increased to 2-3 m / s, and each battery surface is ensured to be fully flushed. And the fan speed is adjusted by PID according to the battery heating power, and the basic circulation amount is maintained at low load, and automatically increased to the maximum air volume at high load.

[0032] Secondly, three flow rate areas of high, medium and low are divided inside the battery cabin: a higher flow rate of 3-4 m / s is used in the core area where the battery modules are closely arranged to strengthen convective heat transfer; a medium flow rate of 1-2 m / s is maintained in the electrical connection area to balance heat dissipation and safety distance; and a lower flow rate of 0.5-1 m / s is maintained in the top space of the sealed box to promote thermal stratification. The flow rate distribution is precisely controlled by adjustable guide plates in the air duct. Finally, the circulating gas absorbs the Joule heat and reaction heat generated by the battery module by forced convective heat transfer when flowing through the surface of the battery module, forming a heat-carrying gas flow.

[0033] Step S40, guiding the heat-carrying gas flow through a preset partition wall heat exchanger in the sealed box to transfer heat to the liquid cooling working medium circulating through the partition wall heat exchanger.

[0034] Specifically, the heat-carrying gas flow flows through the gas side channel of the partition wall heat exchanger at a certain flow rate under the driving of the circulating fan. The heat exchanger adopts a compact plate-fin structure, and the fin surface is treated with a hydrophilic coating to effectively promote condensation heat transfer. The gas flow and the plate wall surface undergo forced convective heat transfer, and heat is transferred to the liquid cooling working medium, usually an ethylene glycol water solution, flowing in the adjacent flow channel in the opposite direction.

[0035] Secondly, a high-precision temperature sensor is arranged at the liquid-state working medium outlet of the heat exchanger, the outlet temperature of the working medium is monitored in real time, the frequency of the secondary-side circulating pump is adjusted according to the temperature deviation between the temperature value and the set value, the working medium flow is dynamically controlled, and it is ensured that the cold end temperature of the heat exchanger is always stable in the optimal working temperature range of the battery.

[0036] In step S50, the liquid cooling medium that has absorbed heat is circulated to an external radiator arranged outside the sealed box body, and heat is finally discharged to the external environment.

[0037] In the step of circulating the liquid cooling medium that has absorbed heat to an external radiator arranged outside the sealed box body, and finally discharging heat to the external environment, the external radiator is a dry cooler, and the specific implementation includes: An atomizing humidification system is arranged in front of the heat exchange fin tube bundle of the dry cooler. When the ambient temperature is higher than a first set threshold value and the system heat dissipation load is higher than a second set threshold value, the atomizing humidification system is started to spray atomized water to the surface of the heat exchange fin, and heat absorption of water evaporation is used to strengthen heat dissipation.

[0038] Specifically, the liquid cooling medium that has absorbed heat is transported to the external dry cooler installed on the top of the container through the secondary-side circuit. The dry cooler adopts, for example, a V-shaped arrangement of aluminum fin copper tube heat exchange modules, and is equipped with a variable frequency controlled axial flow fan group. When the working medium flows through the internal pipeline of the dry cooler, the fan drives the ambient air to forcibly flow across the fin tube bundle at a specific angle, and through the convective heat exchange between the air and the fin tube wall, the heat carried by the working medium is finally discharged to the atmosphere. In this process, the working medium temperature is reduced, and then returns to the internal partition wall heat exchanger to complete the closed cycle.

[0039] In addition, according to the ambient temperature, the secondary-side working medium return water temperature and the total heat load of the system, the heat dissipation process is dynamically optimized. For example, in the appropriate period of time such as spring and autumn, a temperature difference control strategy is adopted, that is, the fan speed is adjusted according to the working medium inlet and outlet temperature difference to maintain the optimal heat dissipation efficiency; and in the high temperature season, the spray auxiliary heat dissipation system is automatically started, atomized water is sprayed to the surface of the fin through the fine atomizing nozzle located at the air inlet side of the dry cooler, and the heat absorption of water evaporation is used to strengthen the heat dissipation effect.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the energy storage container group temperature control protection method shown in the embodiment has the beneficial effects that: The scheme shown in this embodiment creates and dynamically maintains a clean inert gas micro-positive pressure environment, in which the inert atmosphere effectively eliminates the possibility of fire or explosion caused by battery thermal runaway, and the micro-positive pressure state effectively blocks the intrusion of external harmful substances such as moisture and dust, creating an extremely stable operating environment for the battery system. Secondly, the inert gas in closed circulation as a heat transfer medium has better characteristics than air, combined with interwall heat exchange and external heat dissipation, forming a high-efficiency, isolated heat transfer path that not only quickly removes heat but also ensures the uniformity of the temperature field inside the sealed box, effectively inhibiting local overheating and thus prolonging the service life of the battery module.

[0041] Embodiment two The second embodiment of the present application also provides a temperature control protection method for an energy storage container group. The method shown in this embodiment is basically similar to the method shown in the first embodiment, and the difference is that: In this embodiment, in the step of driving the gas to form a closed forced circulation in the inert protective atmosphere, the gas flows through the surface of the battery module in the sealed box to absorb heat and form a heat-carrying gas flow, which further includes: In the closed circulation path of the gas, the circulating gas is continuously electrostatically dedusted to remove conductive particulate matter and aerosol impurities carried in the gas.

[0042] In the step of continuously electrostatically dedusting the circulating gas in the closed circulation path of the gas to remove conductive particulate matter and aerosol impurities carried in the gas, it includes: The dust-containing gas flow passes through a high-voltage electric field composed of a tungsten wire discharge electrode and a grounded electrode plate. The discharge electrode applies a 4-6kV DC negative high voltage to ionize gas molecules and charge dust particles; The charged particulate matter enters a uniform electric field composed of parallel and alternating grounded electrode plates and dust collection electrode plates with a 8-12kV DC negative high voltage applied, and is adsorbed to the surface of the dust collection electrode plate under the action of Coulomb force; Wherein, the dust collection electrode plate is provided with a high-frequency acoustic deashing device to clear the dust at a preset period or according to the pressure difference sensor signal.

[0043] Wherein, the inert gas is a mixed gas containing 90-95% nitrogen and 5-10% helium by volume fraction, the preset micro-positive pressure range is 50-150Pa, and the safety threshold of oxygen concentration, i.e. the second set threshold, is set to be lower than 2-5%.

[0044] It should be noted that in the long charging and discharging cycle, even in the inert environment, the energy storage battery may produce micron-level conductive metal dust due to slight electrode wear or connection point changes. If these fine impurities continue to accumulate, they may potentially reduce the insulation performance of the gas and adhere to the surface of the heat exchanger, affecting the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0045] The electrostatic precipitator used in this embodiment works in two stages: first, the dust-containing gas flow passes through a high-voltage ionization zone, where the particles are charged, and then the charged particles enter a stronger dust collection electric field and are firmly adsorbed on the dust collection electrode plate. This non-contact capture method has very high efficiency for fine particles and almost no increase in airflow resistance. More importantly, the dust collection electrode plate is also equipped with an automatic dust removal device that removes dust by high-frequency vibration, achieving continuous and maintenance-free dust removal process and ensuring long-term cleanliness of the internal environment of the system.

[0046] In addition to purifying the gas, this embodiment also optimizes the gas composition itself to improve performance. Specifically, a mixed gas composed of nitrogen and a small amount of helium is used. Although nitrogen can provide a safe inert environment, its thermal conductivity is poor. After adding helium with extremely high thermal conductivity, the overall heat conduction capacity of the mixed gas is significantly enhanced, which means that the circulating gas can more efficiently remove the heat generated by the battery, thereby improving the cooling efficiency of the entire thermal management system without increasing energy consumption.

[0047] Embodiment Three Please refer to Figure 2 The third embodiment of the present application provides a temperature control protection system for a group of energy storage containers, which can be applied to the method of any of the above embodiments. The system comprises: a sealed box 10; an atmosphere control subsystem 20 for filling and maintaining an inert protective atmosphere in the sealed box 10; a circulating heat exchange subsystem 30 for driving the inert gas in the box to circulate through the battery modules and complete heat exchange; a gas purification subsystem 40 arranged on the gas circulation path for electrostatic precipitation of the circulating gas; an external heat dissipation subsystem 50 for dissipating the heat transferred by the circulating heat exchange subsystem 30 to the external environment; and a control unit 60 in communication with each of the above subsystems for coordinated control of the entire temperature control protection process.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the temperature control protection system for a group of energy storage containers shown in this embodiment has the following beneficial effects: The scheme shown in the embodiment creates and dynamically maintains a clean inert gas micro-positive pressure environment, wherein the inert atmosphere effectively eliminates the possibility of fire or explosion caused by battery thermal runaway, and the micro-positive pressure state effectively blocks the invasion of external harmful substances such as moisture and dust, creating an extremely stable operating environment for the battery system. Secondly, the inert gas in closed circulation as a heat transfer medium has better characteristics than air, combined with the interwall heat exchange and external heat dissipation, forming a high-efficiency and isolated heat transfer path, which not only can quickly export heat, but also ensures the uniformity of the temperature field in the sealed box, effectively inhibits local overheating, thereby prolonging the service life of the battery module.

[0049] In the description of the present specification, the description referring to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "an example", "a specific example", or "some examples" and the like means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present specification, the illustrative description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0050] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation manners of the present application, which are described in a more specific and detailed manner, but should not be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, a number of modifications and improvements can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for temperature control and protection of an energy storage container group, characterized in that, The method is based on a sealed enclosure environment, and the method includes: The air inside the sealed enclosure is replaced with an inert gas at a preset pressure to establish and maintain an inert protective atmosphere for the battery system. The gas pressure and oxygen concentration inside the sealed chamber are monitored in real time, and the gas pressure inside the sealed chamber is dynamically maintained at a slightly positive pressure state that is higher than the external ambient pressure, and the oxygen concentration is maintained below the safety threshold. In the inert protective atmosphere, the driving gas undergoes closed-loop forced circulation, flowing through the surface of the battery module inside the sealed enclosure to absorb heat and form a heat-carrying gas flow. The heat-carrying gas flow is guided through a partitioned heat exchanger pre-installed in the sealed box to transfer heat to the liquid cooling medium circulating through the partitioned heat exchanger. The liquid cooling medium, which has absorbed heat, is circulated to an external radiator pre-installed outside the sealed enclosure, and the heat is finally discharged to the external environment.

2. The temperature control and protection method for energy storage container groups according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steps of real-time monitoring of gas pressure and oxygen concentration inside the sealed chamber, dynamically maintaining the gas pressure inside the sealed chamber at a slightly positive pressure state higher than the external ambient pressure, and maintaining the oxygen concentration below a safe threshold, include: The absolute pressure value inside the sealed box is obtained in real time by a pressure sensor, and the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the sealed box is monitored in real time by a differential pressure sensor. The oxygen concentration inside the sealed chamber is monitored in real time using an oxygen concentration sensor. When the pressure difference is lower than the first set threshold, a preset gas replenishment device is controlled to replenish inert gas into the sealed box to maintain a slightly positive pressure state inside the sealed box. When the oxygen concentration is higher than the second set threshold, the exhaust valve is controlled to work in conjunction with the gas replenishment device to replace the gas in the sealed box until the oxygen concentration returns to below the second set threshold.

3. The temperature control and protection method for energy storage container groups according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the pressure difference is lower than a first preset threshold, the step of controlling a preset gas replenishment device to replenish inert gas into the sealed box to maintain a slightly positive pressure state inside the sealed box includes: Based on the deviation value of the pressure difference being lower than the first set threshold, the set value of the air replenishment flow rate of the air replenishment device is calculated by the PID control algorithm; Control the valve opening of the proportional valve in the gas replenishment device so that inert gas is continuously introduced into the sealed box at the gas replenishment flow rate set value; During the gas replenishment process, the pressure difference is monitored in real time. When the pressure difference reaches and stabilizes within the preset micro-positive pressure range, the proportional valve is controlled to switch to the target opening degree.

4. The temperature control and protection method for energy storage container groups according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of driving the gas to undergo closed-loop forced circulation in the inert protective atmosphere, allowing it to flow through the surface of the battery module inside the sealed enclosure to absorb heat and form a heat-carrying gas flow, the method further includes: In the closed-loop circulation path of the gas, continuous electrostatic dust removal is performed on the circulating gas to remove conductive particulate matter and aerosol impurities carried in the gas.

5. The temperature control and protection method for energy storage container groups according to claim 4, characterized in that, The step of continuously electrostatically precipitating the circulating gas in the closed-loop circulation path to remove conductive particulate matter and aerosol impurities carried in the gas includes: The dust-laden airflow is passed through a high-voltage electric field consisting of a tungsten wire discharge electrode and a grounded plate. The discharge electrode is subjected to a 4-6kV DC negative high voltage, which ionizes the gas molecules and charges the dust particles. Charged particles are introduced into a uniform electric field consisting of parallel and alternating grounded plates and dust collection plates with an applied 8-12kV DC negative high voltage. Under the action of Coulomb force, they are adsorbed onto the surface of the dust collection plates. The dust collection plate is equipped with a high-frequency acoustic cleaning device to remove accumulated dust at a preset cycle or triggered by a differential pressure sensor signal.

6. The temperature control and protection method for energy storage container groups according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inert gas is a mixture containing 90-95% nitrogen and 5-10% helium by volume, with a preset micro-positive pressure range of 50-150 Pa. The safe threshold for oxygen concentration, i.e., the second preset threshold, is set to be lower than 2-5%.

7. The temperature control and protection method for energy storage container groups according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step of circulating the liquid cooling medium that has absorbed heat to an external radiator pre-installed outside the sealed enclosure to finally release the heat to the external environment, the external radiator is a dry cooler, specifically implemented as follows: A spray humidification system is installed in front of the heat exchange finned tube bundle of the dry cooler; When the ambient temperature is higher than the first set threshold and the system heat dissipation load is higher than the second set threshold, the spray humidification system is activated to spray atomized water onto the surface of the heat exchange fins, thereby enhancing heat dissipation by absorbing heat through water evaporation.

8. A temperature control and protection system for an energy storage container group, characterized in that, The system, applicable to the method of any one of claims 1-7, comprises: A sealed enclosure; An atmosphere control subsystem is used to fill and maintain an inert protective atmosphere into the sealed enclosure. A circulating heat exchange subsystem is used to drive the inert gas inside the box to circulate through the battery module and complete heat exchange; A gas purification subsystem is installed on the gas circulation path to perform electrostatic dust removal on the circulating gas; An external heat dissipation subsystem is used to dissipate the heat transferred by the circulating heat exchange subsystem to the external environment; And a control unit, which is connected in communication with the above subsystems, for coordinated control of the entire temperature control and protection process.

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