A cable installation device for communication engineering construction

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of communication engineering cable construction equipment, and discloses a cable installation device for communication engineering construction, which comprises a rack, a speed reducer fixedly installed at the top of the rack and a spoke type winding drum at the output shaft end of the speed reducer, the spoke type winding drum is rotationally installed at the top of the rack, the speed reducer is coaxially arranged with the rotation shaft of the spoke type winding drum, and a positioning mechanism is fixedly installed on the side surface of the rack. The half-circle protection plates of the protection mechanism are spliced to form a containing cavity, all-around wrapping type protection of the cable is realized, the scraping and impact of ground stones and sharp sundries on the cable sheath are effectively blocked, the sliding friction between the cable and the ground during traction is converted into rolling friction between the cable and the second supporting wheel, the friction resistance is greatly reduced, the cable sheath is prevented from being abraded and heated due to friction, the surface structure of the cable and the optical cable is protected, and the service life of the cable is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of cable construction equipment for communication engineering, and specifically relates to a cable installation device for communication engineering construction. Background Technology

[0002] Cable installation equipment for communication engineering covers the entire process of "laying, termination, and testing," while cable laying traction machines are the core equipment used for long-distance laying of cables (optical cables and electrical cables) in communication and power engineering, mainly solving the problems of low efficiency and uneven tension of manual traction.

[0003] In scenarios involving direct burial in trenches, temporary ground deployment, or unprotected pipeline inlets, the cable itself has weight and will naturally come into contact with the ground. During traction, the relative movement of the cable and the ground will directly generate friction. At this time, stones and sharp debris on the ground can easily scratch the sheath, leading to a decrease in cable insulation (for electric cables) or moisture in the optical fiber (for fiber optic cables). Furthermore, the frictional resistance during the friction process will increase the traction load, which may exceed the traction machine's tension threshold and even cause the cable to stretch and deform. In addition, friction jamming will slow down the traction speed, requiring frequent shutdowns to clear obstacles. When there are protrusions or debris on the ground, the cable will make hard contact with these obstacles, exacerbating the friction.

[0004] In existing technologies, protective pads are typically laid at the contact points between the cable and the ground to protect the cable. However, as the cable is gradually placed into trenches or pipes, sand and dirt tend to adhere to the cable surface due to the construction environment. This sand and dirt easily settles onto the surface of the protective pads. Furthermore, due to the weight of the cable itself, there is a noticeable depression at the contact point between the protective pads and the cable. This depression makes it easier for sand and dirt to accumulate, leading to an increase in sand and dirt at the contact point between the cable and the protective pads. This further exacerbates the wear and tear on the cable sheath during the traction process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a cable installation device for communication engineering construction, which solves the technical problems of high friction loss, low traction efficiency, and poor versatility of protective structures during cable traction in related technologies.

[0006] This invention provides a cable installation device for communication engineering construction, including a frame, a geared motor fixedly installed on the top of the frame, and a spoke-type drum at the end of the output shaft of the geared motor. The spoke-type drum is rotatably installed on the top of the frame. The geared motor and the spoke-type drum shaft are arranged coaxially. A positioning mechanism is fixedly installed on the side of the frame. A protective mechanism is movably installed at the end of the positioning mechanism by bolts. The protective mechanism is in an inclined state and overlaps the ground, trench or pipe inlet section to form a transition channel for cable traction.

[0007] The protection mechanism includes multiple protection frames, which are connected in series to form a spine-like support and positioning structure. Each protection frame includes two symmetrically arranged semi-circular protection plates. When the two semi-circular protection plates are spliced ​​together, a receiving chamber is formed between their inner sides. The receiving chamber is used to receive the cable, and the semi-circular protection plates are used to protect the cable. Two guide protrusions are provided at the bottom of the inner wall of the semi-circular protection plate. The guide protrusions are arranged along the length of the semi-circular protection plate, and a support plate is fixedly connected between the two guide protrusions. A second support wheel is rotatably installed on the top of the guide protrusions. When pulling the cable, the cable overlaps on the second support wheel.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, a support portion is provided at the bottom of the semicircular protective plate along its own length direction, and the support portion is parallel to the support plate. The support portion is used to contact the ground. When the cable is attached to the second support wheel, a trapezoidal support structure is formed between the two support portions, the two anti-detachment balls and the cable. An extension frame is provided on the outer wall of the semicircular protective plate. The extension frame is located at the junction of the semicircular protective plate and the guide protrusion. A handle is fixedly connected to the rod of the extension frame. The handle is located on the side of the support portion.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the support portion is provided with an arc-shaped recess, the arc-shaped recess is located in the middle section of the support portion, and arc-shaped protrusions are provided at both ends of the support portion, the arc-shaped protrusions and the arc-shaped recess forming a wave-like limiting structure.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, one end of the support is integrally formed with a connecting rod, and the end of the connecting rod is provided with an anti-detachment ball. The other end of the support has a docking chamber, which is composed of a spherical cavity and a cylindrical cavity. The shape of the spherical cavity is adapted to the anti-detachment ball, and the diameter of the cylindrical cavity is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod. The anti-detachment ball is inserted into the inside of the spherical cavity.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, a positioning plate is fixedly installed on one side of the support by bolts. An anti-detachment plate is provided at the end of the positioning plate. The anti-detachment plate is perpendicular to the positioning plate and is inserted at the junction of the cylindrical cavity and the spherical cavity of the docking chamber. One side of the anti-detachment plate contacts the edge of the anti-detachment ball to prevent the anti-detachment ball from detaching from the docking chamber. A guide groove is provided on the inner edge of the positioning plate in the docking chamber. The guide groove is located at the edge of the connecting rod. The guide groove and the cylindrical cavity provide space for the connecting rod to swing up and down.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, one end of a semi-circular protective plate is rotatably connected to a connecting end via a support portion. The end of the connecting end is rotatably connected to a first rotating rod. The first rotating rods are symmetrically arranged, and the end of each first rotating rod is rotatably connected to a second rotating rod. The end of the second rotating rod is rotatably connected to a positioning end. The second rotating rod rotates up and down around the positioning end as a point, and the first rotating rod swings up and down around the end of the second rotating rod to adjust the position of the connecting end.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the positioning mechanism includes a mounting connecting plate located directly below the spoke-type drum. An electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting connecting plate and is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame. Guide columns are fixedly connected to the four corners of the mounting connecting plate, and the bottoms of the guide columns are fixedly connected to the frame.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the mounting connecting plate has two strip-shaped holes inside. The two strip-shaped holes are located on the center line of the mounting connecting plate and are symmetrically distributed along the spoke-type drum. A slider is slidably arranged inside the strip-shaped holes, and a first support wheel is rotatably mounted on the top of the slider. The first support wheel is used to support the cable.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, a driven rod is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate. The driven rod passes through the connector at the end of the guide rod piston rod. The surface of the driven rod is symmetrically provided with two opposite spiral grooves, and the driven rod is threadedly connected to two strip holes.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment, a control lever is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate. The control lever is perpendicular to the driven rotating rod. A second bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the end of the control lever. A first bevel gear is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the middle section of the driven rotating rod. The first bevel gear meshes with the second bevel gear.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0018] 1. This invention forms an accommodating chamber by splicing semi-circular protective plates of the protective mechanism, achieving all-round wrapping protection for the cable. It effectively blocks ground stones and sharp debris from scratching and impacting the cable sheath. At the same time, it transforms the sliding friction between the cable and the ground during the traction process into rolling friction between the cable and the second support wheel, greatly reducing frictional resistance and preventing the cable sheath from wearing and heating up due to friction. This protects the surface structure of the cable and optical cable and extends the service life of the cable.

[0019] 2. The protective mechanism of this invention adopts a modular design, which is convenient for installation, disassembly and transportation. The spine structure can fit the path without complicated adjustments in complex terrain. The support plate reinforces the guide ridge and provides stable support for the positioning mechanism, ensuring that the device is not easily deformed or damaged when used for a long time and subjected to cable weight and traction force, thereby improving structural reliability and service life. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a front view of the cable laying device of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the protective mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and structure of the positioning mechanism and the protection mechanism of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protection mechanism of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection and structure of the two protective frames of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the protective frame planar structure of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the support part and the receiving chamber structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the support structure of another embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram showing the angle change of the semicircular protective plate of the present invention.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Frame; 2. Positioning mechanism; 21. Mounting connecting plate; 22. Guide column; 23. Electric cylinder; 24. Slider; 25. First support wheel; 26. Driven rotating rod; 27. Strip hole; 28. First bevel gear; 29. ​​Second bevel gear; 210. Control lever; 3. Protection mechanism; 31. Semicircular protection plate; 32. Connecting end; 33. First rotating rod; 34. Second rotating rod; 35. Positioning 36. End; 36. Support; 361. Arc-shaped recess; 362. Arc-shaped protrusion; 37. Extension frame; 38. Handle; 39. Receiving chamber; 310. Docking chamber; 311. Connecting rod; 312. Anti-ball slippage; 313. Guide ridge; 314. Support plate; 315. Second support wheel; 316. Positioning plate; 317. Anti-slip plate; 318. Guide groove; 4. Gear motor; 5. Spoke-type drum. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a cable installation device for communication engineering construction includes a frame 1, a geared motor 4 fixedly installed on the top of the frame 1, and a spoke-type drum 5 at the end of the output shaft of the geared motor 4. The spoke-type drum 5 is rotatably installed on the top of the frame 1. The geared motor 4 and the spoke-type drum 5 are arranged coaxially. A positioning mechanism 2 is fixedly installed on the side of the frame 1. A protective mechanism 3 is movably installed at the end of the positioning mechanism 2 by bolts. The protective mechanism 3 is in an inclined state and overlaps the ground, trench or pipe inlet section to form a transition channel for cable traction.

[0034] The protection mechanism 3 includes multiple protection frames, which are connected in series to form a spine-like support and positioning structure. Each protection frame includes two symmetrically arranged semi-circular protection plates 31. After the two semi-circular protection plates 31 are spliced ​​together, a receiving chamber 39 is formed between their inner sides. The receiving chamber 39 is used to receive the cable, and the semi-circular protection plates 31 are used to protect the cable. Two guide protrusions 313 are provided at the bottom of the inner sidewall of the semi-circular protection plate 31. The guide protrusions 313 are arranged along the length of the semi-circular protection plate 31. A support plate 314 is fixedly connected between the two guide protrusions 313. A second support wheel 315 is rotatably installed on the top of the guide protrusions 313. When pulling the cable, the cable overlaps the second support wheel 315.

[0035] In this embodiment, the specific implementation scenario is as follows: During construction, the frame 1 is fixed at the starting end of the cable traction area. The protection mechanism 3 is installed on the positioning mechanism 2 according to the traction position. Under the action of gravity, the protection mechanism 3 is tilted and overlaps the ground, trench edge, or pipe inlet, forming a continuous transition channel from the spoked drum 5 to the laying destination. The cable is released from or pulled by the spoked drum 5, which is equipped with a traction rope. This device needs to be used in conjunction with a traction machine, which mainly consists of a power mechanism and a traction mechanism. The structure includes a traction rope and a traction head. The traction head is installed at one end of the traction rope, and the other end of the traction rope is connected to the winding device of the power mechanism. In use, the traction head is first connected to the end of the cable, and then the entire cable is placed into the protection mechanism 3. The traction machine pulls the cable by winding the traction rope and the traction head. The spoke drum 5 rotates at a constant speed to release the cable. After being supported and guided by the positioning mechanism 2, the cable is positioned. Finally, the excess part of the cable is wound onto the traction machine. Then the traction head is removed to release the cable, thereby completing the ground deployment, trench laying, or pipe laying operations.

[0036] It should be noted that the protection mechanism 3 is a flexible spine-like support and positioning structure formed by multiple protective frames connected in series. Adjacent protective frames are connected by splicing. The number of frames can be freely increased or decreased according to the actual length requirements of the traction path. It can meet the needs of short-distance ground deployment and pipeline inlet section traction, and can also be extended to long-distance direct burial trench laying scenarios by splicing multiple sections. There is no need to design a special protective structure for different path lengths, which greatly improves the versatility of the device and reduces the investment cost of construction equipment. In addition, there is a certain gap between adjacent protective frames. When pulling the cable, the two adjacent protective frames can rotate up and down relative to each other. It can flexibly adapt to the terrain undulations and corner changes in the traction path, such as the slope of the trench edge and the bending angle of the pipeline inlet. This ensures that the protection mechanism 3 is always in close contact with the traction path and avoids the cable from leaving the protection range due to irregular path.

[0037] It should also be noted that each protective frame consists of two symmetrically arranged semi-circular protective plates 31. After the two semi-circular protective plates 31 are spliced ​​together, they form a closed receiving chamber 39 on the inner side, achieving all-round envelopment and protection of the cable, preventing external debris from directly contacting the cable. This configuration is suitable for cables with smaller diameters. When the cable diameter is larger, the two semi-circular protective plates 31 can form a semi-enclosed protective structure to protect the cable. Two guide protrusions 313 are provided along the length of the bottom of the inner wall of the semi-circular protective plate 31, which serve to position the support plate 314. Furthermore, each of the two support plates 314 is equipped with a second support wheel 315. During the cable pulling process, the two second support wheels 315 are symmetrically distributed on both sides below the cable, which can guide the cable during the pulling process. The second support wheel 315 has a limiting function to prevent the cable from shifting left or right during traction. It also makes rolling contact with the cable, transforming traditional sliding friction into rolling friction. This significantly reduces traction resistance and prevents wear on the cable sheath. The support plate 314 and guide ridge 313 also help to collect sand. During traction, the sand on the cable surface naturally falls between the two guide ridges 313 and flows out through the gap between the two protective frames, thus preventing wear on the cable sheath due to friction with the sand. The support plate 314 enhances the structural strength of the guide ridge 313, preventing it from deforming when bearing the weight of the cable and traction pressure. The second support wheel 315 is rotatably mounted on the top of the guide ridge 313.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] like Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, a support part 36 is provided at the bottom of the semicircular protective plate 31 along its own length direction, and the support part 36 is parallel to the support plate 314. The support part 36 is used to contact the ground. When the cable is attached to the second support wheel 315, a trapezoidal support structure is formed between the two support parts 36, the two anti-detachment balls 312 and the cable. An extension frame 37 is provided on the outer wall of the semicircular protective plate 31. The extension frame 37 is located at the junction of the semicircular protective plate 31 and the guide protrusion 313. A handle 38 is fixedly connected to the rod of the extension frame 37. The handle 38 is located on the side of the support part 36.

[0040] It should be noted that the support part 36 is arranged parallel to the support plate 314, directly contacting the ground, trench wall, or pipe inlet edge, providing a support base for the entire protective frame. Figure 7 As shown, when the cable is attached to the second support wheel 315, the center of the two support parts 36 is extended from the point of tangency between the cable and the second support wheel 315. The circular dotted line in the figure represents the cable, and the straight dotted line represents the extended line. By judging the dotted line in the straight dotted line, it can be seen that the support part 36, together with the second support wheel 315 and the cable, forms a trapezoidal support state. The trapezoidal structure has natural mechanical stability, which can evenly distribute the weight of the cable and the horizontal tension during traction to the support part 36, avoiding local force concentration that could cause deformation or displacement of the protective frame. At the same time, it effectively offsets the lateral force generated during traction, prevents the overall displacement of the protective mechanism 3, and ensures that the cable is always pulled along the preset path. During the traction process, the weight of the cable will continuously press down on the second support wheel 315, which ensures the stability of the two semi-circular protective plates 31.

[0041] Furthermore, the thickness of the support part 36 itself ensures that the semi-circular protective plate 31 is a certain distance away from the contact surface, which can directly prevent sand and water from the ground from directly entering the receiving chamber 39. This not only reduces the risk of the second support wheel 315 being stuck by debris, but also further isolates the cable sheath from indirect scratches caused by sharp protrusions on the ground, thus enhancing the protective effect.

[0042] It should also be noted that, such as Figure 7 and Figure 10 As shown, the extended frame 37 and handle 38 set on the outer wall of the semicircular protective plate 31 are used by the operator to hold and rotate the semicircular protective plate 31 to both sides to expose the internal space, which facilitates the deployment and removal of cables. During deployment, the construction personnel can quickly move and adjust the position of a single protective frame by holding the handle 38, and it can also help align the splicing interface when multiple frames are connected in series, which greatly improves the efficiency of installation and disassembly.

[0043] When the support part 36 contacts the ground, because its surface is flat, the force it exerts on the protective frame during cable pulling easily drives the semi-circular protective plate 31, causing friction between the support part 36 and the contact surface. Furthermore, the friction intensifies under the combined weight of the semi-circular protective plate 31 and the cable. Therefore, this embodiment provides another solution, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the surface of the support part 36 is provided with an arc-shaped recess 361, which is located in the middle section of the support part 36. Arc-shaped protrusions 362 are provided at both ends of the support part 36, and the arc-shaped protrusions 362 and the arc-shaped recess 361 form a wave-like limiting structure.

[0044] It should be noted that the raised structure of the arc-shaped protrusion 362 can engage with the small depressions, gravel, or trench edges on the ground, while the arc-shaped depression 361 can accommodate protruding debris or sand on the ground, forming a locking limit. This improves the stability of the protective frame on different terrains. Compared to a flat shape, the wavy shape can play a better limiting role. When the cable pull generates a horizontal force, the wavy structure adapts to the concavity and convexity of the contact surface to generate lateral resistance, preventing the support part 36 from sliding along the pulling direction. This can effectively prevent the entire semi-circular protective plate 31 from being carried away from the preset position by the cable, ensuring that the protective frame always maintains a stable posture.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, a connecting rod 311 is integrally formed at one end of the support part 36, and an anti-detachment ball 312 is provided at the end of the connecting rod 311. A docking chamber 310 is opened inside the other end of the support part 36. The docking chamber 310 is composed of a spherical cavity and a cylindrical cavity. The shape of the spherical cavity is adapted to the anti-detachment ball 312, and the diameter of the cylindrical cavity is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod 311. The anti-detachment ball 312 is inserted into the inside of the spherical cavity. A positioning plate 316 is fixedly installed on one side of the support part 36 by bolts. The end of the positioning plate 316 is provided with There is an anti-detachment plate 317, which is perpendicular to the positioning plate 316 and is inserted into the junction of the cylindrical cavity and the spherical cavity of the docking chamber 310. One side of the anti-detachment plate 317 is in contact with the edge of the anti-detachment ball 312 to prevent the anti-detachment ball 312 from detaching from the docking chamber 310. The positioning plate 316 is provided with a guide groove 318 on the inner edge of the docking chamber 310. The guide groove 318 is located at the edge of the connecting rod 311. The guide groove 318 and the cylindrical cavity provide space for the connecting rod 311 to swing up and down.

[0047] It should be noted that when the semicircular protective plates 31 between the two protective frames are connected, the anti-detachment ball 312 is inserted into the connection chamber 310. The connection chamber 310 adopts a combination structure of a spherical cavity and a columnar cavity. The spherical cavity is adapted to the anti-detachment ball 312, while the columnar cavity provides installation and movement space for the connecting rod 311. After the anti-detachment ball 312 enters the spherical cavity, a positioning plate 316 is installed on the side of the support part 36. The anti-detachment plate 317 at the end of the positioning plate 316 is inserted into the junction of the columnar cavity and the spherical cavity to form a limiting structure for the anti-detachment ball 312. This completes the rapid connection of adjacent protective frames without the need for complicated tools, greatly improving the assembly efficiency of multi-section frames.

[0048] It should also be noted that a guide groove 318 is provided at the edge of the anti-detachment plate 317, and the initial state is as follows: Figure 7 As shown, the presence of the guide groove 318 not only provides a certain amount of room for the connecting rod 311 to move, but also retains the limiting effect on the anti-ball detachment 312. Furthermore, the angle of the guide groove 318 is close to that of the ground, which allows the connecting rod 311 to swing in the vertical direction within a fixed range, thereby ensuring that the multi-section protective frame can adapt to different terrains.

[0049] Example 4

[0050] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, one of the semicircular protective plates 31 has a connecting end 32 rotatably connected to its end via a support part 36. The end of the connecting end 32 is rotatably connected to a first rotating rod 33. The first rotating rods 33 are symmetrically arranged, and the end of each first rotating rod 33 is rotatably connected to a second rotating rod 34. The end of the second rotating rod 34 is rotatably connected to a positioning end 35. The second rotating rod 34 rotates up and down around the positioning end 35, and the first rotating rod 33 swings up and down around the end of the second rotating rod 34 to adjust the position of the connecting end 32.

[0051] It should be noted that the connecting end 32 and the first rotating rod 33, the first rotating rod 33 and the second rotating rod 34, and the second rotating rod 34 and the positioning end 35 are all designed with a rotating connection, forming a three-stage rotating joint structure similar to a robotic arm. The second rotating rod 34 can swing up and down around the positioning end 35 within a fixed range. At the same time, the two second rotating rods 34 determine the specific direction of the entire protection mechanism 3, thereby ensuring that the traction direction is always aligned with the spoke-type drum 5 at the top of the frame 1. The first rotating rod 33 can swing up and down around the end of the second rotating rod 34 to adapt to different heights of the terminal position. The cooperation between the first rotating rod 33 and the second rotating rod 34 allows the connecting end 32 to adjust its position below the spoke-type drum 5 to adapt to contact surfaces of different terrains.

[0052] Example 5

[0053] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the positioning mechanism 2 includes a mounting connecting plate 21, which is located directly below the spoke-type drum 5. An electric cylinder 23 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting connecting plate 21, and the electric cylinder 23 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame 1. Guide posts 22 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the mounting connecting plate 21, and the bottom of the guide posts 22 is fixedly connected to the frame 1. Two strip-shaped holes 27 are opened inside the mounting connecting plate 21. The two strip-shaped holes 27 are located on the center line of the mounting connecting plate 21 and are symmetrically distributed along the spoke-type drum 5. A slider 24 is slidably arranged inside the strip-shaped holes 27, and a first support wheel 25 is rotatably installed on the top of the slider 24. The first support wheel 25 is used to support the cable. A driven rotating rod 26 is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the mounting connecting plate 21. The driven rotating rod 26 passes through the connector at the end of the piston rod of the guide post 22. Two opposite spiral grooves are symmetrically opened on the surface of the driven rotating rod 26. The driven rotating rod 26 is threadedly connected to two strip holes 27. An operating lever 210 is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the mounting connecting plate 21. The operating lever 210 is perpendicular to the driven rotating rod 26. A second bevel gear 29 is fixedly mounted at the end of the operating lever 210. A first bevel gear 28 is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the middle section of the driven rotating rod 26. The first bevel gear 28 meshes with the second bevel gear 29.

[0054] It should be noted that the extension and retraction of the piston rod of the electric cylinder 23 is used to adjust the height of the mounting connecting plate 21. The height of the mounting connecting plate 21 and the first support wheel 25 on its upper surface can be adjusted according to the tilt angle requirements of the protection mechanism 3 and the cable release height of the spoke drum 5. The positioning end 35 is installed at the corner of the end of the mounting connecting plate 21. The change in the height of the mounting connecting plate 21 can adjust the height of the end of the protection mechanism 3, so that the protection mechanism 3 can adapt to the height of different contact surfaces. During the lifting and lowering of the mounting connecting plate 21, the guide column 22 can determine the moving direction of the mounting connecting plate 21.

[0055] It should also be noted that the slider 24 is located in the slot 27 of the mounting connecting plate 21 and moves up and down with the mounting connecting plate 21. This ensures that the first support wheel 25 can adapt to changes in the height of the protection mechanism 3. The first support wheel 25 supports the cable between the protection mechanism 3 and the spoke drum 5, ensuring a smooth transition of the cable and preventing friction caused by bending or height differences in the cable at the beginning of traction. The two slots 27 are symmetrically distributed along the center line of the mounting connecting plate 21 and are aligned with the spoke drum 5, ensuring that the adjustment of the two first support wheels 25 always revolves around the cable traction center axis. During traction, as the number of cable coils on the spoke drum 5 increases or decreases, the protection mechanism... The position of the cable between the mechanism 3 and the spoke-type drum 5 will also change accordingly. At this time, the control lever 210 is rotated, and the second bevel gear 29 at the end of the control lever 210 meshes with the first bevel gear 28 on the driven rotating rod 26. The opposite spiral grooves symmetrically opened on the surface of the driven rotating rod 26 are used to push the slider 24 to move along the strip hole 27 to adapt to the position of the cable. The mounting connecting plate 21 is located directly below the spoke-type drum 5, so that the cable can fall vertically to the first support wheel 25 after being released from the drum, reducing the loss of traction force in the horizontal direction. The vertical arrangement of the control lever 210 and the driven rotating rod 26 allows the construction personnel to operate conveniently from the side of the mounting connecting plate 21 without being on the traction path, ensuring the safety of the operators.

[0056] Working principle of the invention:

[0057] The frame 1 is deployed at the starting end of the construction. The geared motor 4 drives the spoke drum 5 to provide stable power for cable winding and unwinding. During the cable winding and unwinding process, the positioning mechanism 2 is used for transition connection. The mounting connection plate 21 can be driven by the electric cylinder 23 to move up and down along the direction of the guide column 22, adapting to the tilt angle of the protection mechanism 3 and the cable release height of the spoke drum 5. By rotating the control lever 210, the meshing transmission of the first bevel gear 28 and the second bevel gear 29 drives the driven rotating rod 26 to rotate, so that the slider 24 slides along the strip hole 27, adjusting the position of the first support wheel 25, which plays a supporting and guiding role for the cable, and avoids bending or height difference friction in the starting section of traction.

[0058] The positioning end 35 of the protection mechanism 3 is installed at the corner of the mounting connection plate 21. The whole is inclined and overlapped with the ground, trench or pipe entrance to form a continuous transition channel for the cable. During construction, the number of protection frames is determined according to the construction terrain. When splicing the protection frames, the anti-detachment ball 312 at the bottom of the semi-circular protection plate 31 in one protection frame is inserted into the docking chamber 310 in the bottom support part 36 of the semi-circular protection plate 31 in another protection frame. After the splicing is completed, the positioning plate 316 is installed on the side of the support part 36. The anti-detachment ball 312 is limited by the anti-detachment plate 317 at the end of the positioning plate 316. In actual use, the number of frames can be freely increased or decreased according to the length of the traction path. The existence of the guide groove 318 allows the relative rotation between two adjacent protection frames to adapt to the terrain undulations and corner changes.

[0059] When the cable diameter is small, the two symmetrically arranged semicircular protective plates 31 are spliced ​​together to form a closed receiving chamber 39, which realizes all-round wrapping protection of the cable. When the cable diameter is large, the two symmetrically arranged semicircular protective plates 31 can be adjusted to a semi-enclosed protection structure to adapt to the protection requirements of large-diameter cables. The second support wheel 315 inside the receiving chamber 39 converts the sliding friction of cable traction into rolling friction, reducing resistance and sheath wear. During the traction process, the support plate 314 between the guide protrusions 313 enhances the structural strength and collects and discharges sand and soil from the cable surface.

[0060] The support part 36 at the bottom of the semi-circular protective plate 31 contacts the ground. Its wave-shaped limiting structure engages with the ground through the arc-shaped protrusion 362 and the arc-shaped recess 361 accommodates the protruding contact surface, thereby improving the stability of the protective mechanism 3. The positioning end 35, the first rotating rod 33, the second rotating rod 34 and the connecting end 32 are sequentially rotated and connected, so that the connecting end 32 can be adjusted in position below the spoke drum 5 to adapt to the contact surface of different terrains.

[0061] After determining the status of the entire device, connect one end of the cable to the traction head of the traction machine, and place it into the receiving chamber 39 of the protection mechanism 3. The cable is released at a constant speed by the spoke-type drum 5, supported by the rolling of the second support wheel 315, and guided by the first support wheel 25. Finally, the traction rope is wound onto the winding equipment of the traction machine to complete the ground deployment, trench laying, or pipe laying operations. The excess cable is also wound onto the traction machine.

[0062] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable installation device for communication engineering construction, comprising a frame (1), a geared motor (4) fixedly installed on the top of the frame (1), and a spoke-type drum (5) at the end of the output shaft of the geared motor (4), wherein the spoke-type drum (5) is rotatably installed on the top of the frame (1), and the geared motor (4) and the spoke-type drum (5) are arranged coaxially, characterized in that, A positioning mechanism (2) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame (1). A protective mechanism (3) is movably installed at the end of the positioning mechanism (2) by bolts. The protective mechanism (3) is in an inclined state and overlaps the ground, trench or pipe inlet section to form a transition channel for cable traction. The protection mechanism (3) includes multiple protection frames, which are connected in series to form a spine-type support and positioning structure. The protection frame includes two symmetrically arranged semi-circular protection plates (31). After the two semi-circular protection plates (31) are spliced ​​together, a receiving chamber (39) is formed between their inner sides. The receiving chamber (39) is used to receive the cable. Two guide protrusions (313) are provided at the bottom of the inner side wall of the semi-circular protection plate (31). The guide protrusions (313) are arranged along the length direction of the semi-circular protection plate (31). A support plate (314) is fixedly connected between the two guide protrusions (313). A second support wheel (315) is rotatably installed on the top of the support plate (314). When pulling the cable, the cable is lapped on the second support wheel (315). The bottom of the semicircular protective plate (31) is provided with a support part (36) along its own length direction, and the support part (36) is parallel to the support plate (314). The support part (36) is used to contact the ground. When the cable is attached to the second support wheel (315), the support part (36) and the second support wheel (315) form a trapezoidal support state with the cable. An extension frame (37) is provided on the outer wall of the semicircular protective plate (31). The extension frame (37) is located on the semicircular protective plate. (31) At the junction with the guide protrusion (313), a handle (38) is fixedly connected to the rod of the extension frame (37). The handle (38) is located on the side of the support part (36). An arc-shaped recess (361) is opened on the surface of the support part (36). The arc-shaped recess (361) is located in the middle section of the support part (36). Arc-shaped protrusions (362) are provided at both ends of the support part (36). The arc-shaped protrusions (362) and the arc-shaped recess (361) form a wave-like limiting structure.

2. The cable installation device for communication engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the support part (36) is integrally formed with a connecting rod (311), and the end of the connecting rod (311) is provided with an anti-detachment ball (312). The other end of the support part (36) is provided with a docking chamber (310). The docking chamber (310) is composed of a spherical cavity and a columnar cavity. The shape of the spherical cavity is adapted to the anti-detachment ball (312), and the diameter of the columnar cavity is larger than the diameter of the connecting rod (311). The anti-detachment ball (312) is inserted into the inside of the spherical cavity.

3. The cable installation device for communication engineering construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, A positioning plate (316) is fixedly installed on one side of the support (36) by bolts. An anti-detachment plate (317) is provided at the end of the positioning plate (316). The anti-detachment plate (317) is perpendicular to the positioning plate (316) and is inserted into the junction of the columnar cavity and the spherical cavity of the docking chamber (310). One side of the anti-detachment plate (317) is in contact with the edge of the anti-detachment ball (312) to prevent the anti-detachment ball (312) from detaching from the docking chamber (310). A guide groove (318) is provided on the edge of the positioning plate (316) located inside the docking chamber (310). The guide groove (318) is located at the edge of the connecting rod (311). The guide groove (318) and the columnar cavity provide space for the connecting rod (311) to swing up and down.

4. The cable installation device for communication engineering construction according to claim 3, characterized in that, One of the semicircular protective plates (31) has a connecting end (32) rotatably connected to its end via a support (36). The end of the connecting end (32) is rotatably connected to a first rotating rod (33). The first rotating rods (33) are arranged symmetrically, and each end of the first rotating rod (33) is rotatably connected to a second rotating rod (34). The end of the second rotating rod (34) is rotatably connected to a positioning end (35). The second rotating rod (34) rotates up and down around the positioning end (35), and the first rotating rod (33) swings up and down around the end of the second rotating rod (34) to adjust the position of the connecting end (32).

5. A cable installation device for communication engineering construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning mechanism (2) includes a mounting connecting plate (21), which is located directly below the spoke-type drum (5). An electric cylinder (23) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting connecting plate (21). The electric cylinder (23) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the frame (1). Guide columns (22) are fixedly connected to the four corners of the mounting connecting plate (21). The bottom of the guide columns (22) is fixedly connected to the frame (1).

6. A cable installation device for communication engineering construction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The mounting connection plate (21) has two strip holes (27) inside. The two strip holes (27) are located on the center line of the mounting connection plate (21) and are symmetrically distributed along the spoke-type drum (5). A slider (24) is slidably arranged on the inner side of the strip hole (27). A first support wheel (25) is rotatably installed on the top of the slider (24). The first support wheel (25) is used to support the cable.

7. A cable installation device for communication engineering construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The lower surface of the mounting plate (21) is rotatably mounted with a driven rod (26). The driven rod (26) passes through the connector at the end of the piston rod of the guide post (22). The surface of the driven rod (26) is symmetrically provided with two opposite spiral grooves, and the driven rod (26) is threadedly connected to two strip holes (27).

8. A cable installation device for communication engineering construction according to claim 7, characterized in that, A control lever (210) is rotatably mounted on the lower surface of the mounting plate (21). The control lever (210) is perpendicular to the driven rotating rod (26). A second bevel gear (29) is fixedly mounted at the end of the control lever (210). A first bevel gear (28) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the middle section of the driven rotating rod (26). The first bevel gear (28) meshes with the second bevel gear (29).

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