A precision fertilizer placement device using exhaust force and a method of using the same

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of set exhaust force type precision fertilizer distribution device and its using method, belong to fertilizer distribution device technical field.The device includes the fertilizer distributor main body, conveying component and output component connected in sequence, fertilizer distributor main body is used to not stop down fertilizer, conveying component is realized long-distance transport of fertilizer by using positive pressure airflow, output component replaces multiple fertilizer distribution devices with a fertilizer distribution unit, can uniformly output fertilizer to multiple fertilization into soil components, and utilize sensor real-time monitoring spiral outer groove wheel speed, and data is fed back to motor to carry out real-time speed regulation, so as to solve the problem that the amount of fertilizer is not accurate due to density difference, and at the same time, in the same weight fertilizer transportation process, power consumption is saved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fertilizer discharge device technology, and in particular to a combined air pressure precision fertilizer discharge device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous improvement of modern agricultural mechanization, fertilizers, as key agricultural production materials, are crucial for improving crop yield and quality through precise and efficient application. As a core component of the seeder, the performance of the fertilizer applicator directly determines the precision and efficiency of fertilizer application. Traditional fertilizer applicators typically have one applicator per row, requiring multiple applicators for multi-row operations, resulting in high energy consumption. They rely primarily on gravity for fertilizer application, making long-distance delivery impossible. The amount of fertilizer applied depends on the user's experience for rough adjustments, making precision application difficult. Furthermore, precise control is often challenging when dealing with different types and particle sizes of fertilizers. For example, different proportions of compound fertilizers are applied depending on the soil type. Common compound fertilizers have a balanced NPK ratio of 15-15-15, high-phosphorus compound fertilizers have a ratio of 18-18-9, high-nitrogen compound fertilizers have a ratio of 21-8-11, and there are even compound fertilizers with higher nitrogen content like 28-6-6. The density of compound fertilizers varies due to differences in the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratios. Even between different manufacturers, variations in production processes (such as high-tower granulation and extrusion granulation) and raw materials (potassium sulfate and potassium chloride) can lead to different densities. Furthermore, even compound fertilizers from the same manufacturer with the same nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium ratio can exhibit density variations due to particle size; smaller particles have higher density, while larger particles, due to porosity, have slightly lower density. These differences result in significant fluctuations in compound fertilizer density. Failure to adjust the density for different fertilizers can lead to fertilizer waste, negatively impact crop growth, and cause uneven fertilization and pipeline blockages. Therefore, developing new fertilizer dispensing devices with higher precision and efficiency has become a crucial technological challenge in the field of agricultural mechanization. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems existing in the prior art by providing a combined exhaust power precision fertilizer discharge device.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention first provides a combined pneumatic pressure precision fertilizer discharge device, which includes a fertilizer discharger body, a transport component, and an output component connected in sequence.

[0005] The main body of the fertilizer applicator includes: a housing, which comprises a left side plate, a right side plate, a front side plate, and a rear side plate. A left inner plate is installed inside the left side plate, and an installation space is provided between the left side plate and the left inner plate. The top and bottom of the housing have upper and lower openings, respectively, for fertilizer inlet and outlet. A fertilizer applicator spiral groove wheel is arranged transversely inside the housing, positioned directly above the lower opening. The spiral groove wheel includes multiple spiral grooves, and a through hole is formed along its length in the center. An outer groove wheel spindle is located inside the through hole. The outer groove wheel spindle includes a first spindle section and a second spindle section fixedly connected to it. Both the first and second spindle sections are regular square prisms and coaxial. The bottom diameter of the second spindle section... The length of the first mandrel is less than the bottom diameter of the first mandrel, and a spring is fitted around the outside of the second mandrel. The through hole is used in conjunction with the outer grooved wheel mandrel. The through hole includes a first mandrel groove and a second mandrel groove. The length of the first mandrel groove is greater than the length of the first mandrel. The bottom diameter of the second mandrel groove is greater than the bottom diameter of the first mandrel groove for installing the spring, and the bottom diameter of the first mandrel groove is less than the bottom diameter of the spring. A first assembly cover and a second assembly cover are respectively installed at both ends of the fertilizer discharge spiral grooved wheel, and the two are rotatably connected to the ends of the second mandrel and the first mandrel that are away from each other. The first assembly cover and the second assembly cover are detachably installed on the left inner plate and the right side plate, respectively. After the second assembly cover is installed, the spring is in a compressed state.

[0006] A fertilizer stirring shaft is arranged diagonally above the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel, and the two ends of the fertilizer stirring shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the left inner plate and the right plate.

[0007] A motor is mounted on the outer side of the left side plate. The motor output extends through the left side plate into the housing and is fixedly connected to a coupling. The coupling passes through the middle of the first assembly cover and is fixedly connected to one end of the second mandrel. A sprocket platform is arranged between the left side plate and the first assembly cover. The sprocket platform is fitted onto and fixed to the coupling. A drive sprocket and a speed measuring disc are fixedly connected to the sprocket platform. A speed sensor is installed on the side of the left side plate near the speed measuring disc. A driven sprocket is arranged diagonally above the drive sprocket. The driven sprocket is rotatably connected to the outer side of the left inner plate through a driven shaft. The drive sprocket and the driven sprocket are connected by chain drive. The end of the driven shaft away from the driven sprocket is connected to the fertilizer mixing shaft, and the two move synchronously.

[0008] The transport components include: a blower, the blower output end of which is connected to a fertilizer conveying pipe, the lower opening of the fertilizer discharger body is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe, and a fertilizer unloading opening is opened at the bottom of the fertilizer conveying pipe directly below the interface between the two.

[0009] The fertilizer conveying pipeline has a pressure-boosting cone and a pressure-reducing cone embedded inside. The pressure-boosting cone is located near the fan at the bottom opening where it connects to the fertilizer conveying pipeline, and is used to increase the fan's output air volume and speed to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection point. The pressure-reducing cone is located away from the fan at the bottom opening where it connects to the fertilizer conveying pipeline, and is used to reduce the fan's output air volume and speed.

[0010] Above the fertilizer unloading opening, a U-shaped movable plate larger than its size is arranged along the inner wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe. The U-shaped movable plate extends to the side near the blower. A U-shaped groove is opened on the fertilizer conveying pipe in the front-back direction. A handle is provided in the U-shaped groove and can move along the U-shaped groove. One end of the handle is fixedly connected to the U-shaped movable plate.

[0011] The output component includes: an arc-shaped connecting pipe, an output connecting pipe, and a distributor connecting pipe connected in sequence upwards. One end of the arc-shaped connecting pipe is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe, and the other end is connected to the output connecting pipe. A corrugated pipe is provided on the side of the output connecting pipe away from the arc-shaped connecting pipe for uniformly distributing the fertilizer. The top of the corrugated pipe is connected to the distributor connecting pipe. An annular distributor is fixed and fitted on the distributor connecting pipe. The annular distributor has multiple uniformly sized discharge holes, each of which is connected to a fertilizer discharge pipe. A spherical cover is fixed to the top of the distributor connecting pipe. A baffle is fixed to the top of the spherical cover for uniformly rebounding the fertilizer into each discharge hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the housing also includes a fertilizer-blocking insert plate, which includes a main board and a support vertical plate fixedly connected to it. A second handle is fixedly connected to the top of the main board near the support vertical plate. First notches are opened on both sides of the main board, and second notches are opened on both sides of the support vertical plate. A strip groove is opened on the upper part of the front plate. When fertilizer blocking is required, the main board can be inserted into the housing through the strip groove and fixed with the second notch using hinged bolts to achieve the fertilizer blocking effect. During operation, the main board is pulled out and the fertilizer-blocking insert plate is fixed with the first notch using hinged bolts.

[0013] Furthermore, the housing also includes a fertilizer blocking plate, which comprises a main board and multiple stirring rods fixedly connected to the fertilizer mixing shaft perpendicular to it.

[0014] Furthermore, the housing also includes a fertilizer blocking plate, which includes a main board and a side cleaning plate mounted on the front side plate perpendicular to it, and a pressure equalizing plate mounted on the rear side plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the housing also includes a fertilizer plug plate, which comprises a main board and a second mounting cover perpendicular to it, which is detachably mounted on the right side plate via mounting holes and screws on both sides.

[0016] Furthermore, the housing also includes a fertilizer blocking plate, which includes a main board and a vertically fixed part thereof. The device also includes an external controller, and a speed sensor, a motor, and a fan are respectively connected to the external controller.

[0017] Furthermore, the number of feeding holes is at least 4.

[0018] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using a combined exhaust force precision fertilizer dispensing device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0019] Working process: This device can apply fertilizers of different densities, ranging from 0.8 to 1.2 g / cm³. A real-time monitoring and adjustment method is set according to the different densities of the fertilizers: First, the weight of fertilizer that the fertilizer discharge spiral wheel needs to drop per unit time is set. Using this weight as a benchmark, the number of revolutions the motor needs to rotate per unit time to drop the benchmark weight of fertilizer for different densities is measured. The number of revolutions is set through an external controller, which controls the motor rotation. During motor rotation, a speed sensor monitors the motor speed in real time and feeds it back to the external controller. Simultaneously, the external controller starts the fan to complete the fertilizer transport.

[0020] Additionally, when fertilizer needs to be added, adjust the U-shaped movable plate above the fertilizer discharge opening using the handle, pull out the main plate, and fix it to the first opening using hinged bolts. Secure the fertilizer blocking plate to the front side plate, start the motor and fan. The motor directly drives the drive sprocket and fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel to rotate, indirectly driving the driven sprocket and fertilizer stirring shaft to rotate synchronously. The fertilizer flows through the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel from the lower opening into the fertilizer conveying pipe, which has a diameter of 104-156mm. The fan output airflow is increased in volume and speed via a pressure boosting cone. The cross-sectional area of ​​the cylinder gradually decreases from the side closer to the blower to the side farther away from the blower, which increases the air volume and air velocity. This ensures that there is no fertilizer blockage at the interface between the fertilizer conveying pipeline and the main body of the fertilizer dispenser. Then, the fertilizer passes through the pressure reducing cone, whose cross-sectional area gradually increases from the side closer to the blower to the side farther away from the blower. This reduces the speed of the fertilizer during pipeline transportation, preventing the fertilizer from breaking into powder due to impact with the pipe wall at high speed. At the same time, it reduces the speed at which the fertilizer enters the soil, reduces the amount of fertilizer bouncing onto the soil surface, and avoids waste.

[0021] The fertilizer is fed through the output connecting pipe to the corrugated pipe. The corrugations inside the corrugated pipe can evenly disperse the fertilizer and push it onto the baffles inside the spherical cover. The fertilizer then falls through the spherical cover into each discharge hole of the annular distributor. Each discharge hole is connected to a fertilizer application component.

[0022] Fertilizer unloading process: Pull out the main board and fix it on the front side plate to connect the fertilizer tank with the main body of the fertilizer discharger. Adjust the U-shaped movable plate to the inside of the fertilizer conveying pipe side wall and away from the fertilizer unloading opening using the handle. After releasing the fertilizer tank and the remaining fertilizer in the shell, turn off the motor. Then insert the main board into the strip groove at the top of the front side plate and fix it with the hinge bolts and the second opening to seal the top of the shell.

[0023] Disassembly and cleaning process of the main body of the fertilizer discharger: Remove the screws used to fix the assembly cover, the assembly cover separates from the right side plate, and the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel will be popped out under the elastic force of the spring, making it easy to replace and inspect.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention

[0025] This invention utilizes a single fertilizer dispensing unit to replace multiple fertilizer dispensing devices, employing positive pressure airflow to achieve long-distance fertilizer transport. A spiral outer grooved wheel ensures uninterrupted fertilizer delivery, and sensors monitor the rotational speed of the spiral outer grooved wheel in real time, feeding the data back to the motor for real-time speed adjustment. Furthermore, by measuring the fertilizer density and inputting it into the system, the amount of fertilizer dispensed by the spiral outer grooved wheel is corrected, thus solving the problem of inaccurate fertilizer application due to density differences when using different types of fertilizer. Simultaneously, it saves electricity consumption during the transport of the same weight of fertilizer. Attached Figure Description

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the connection structure between the main body of the fertilizer applicator and the transport components provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3 An exploded view of the main structure of the fertilizer applicator provided by this invention;

[0029] Figure 4 An exploded view of the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel structure provided by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel provided by the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel provided by the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the fertilizer stirring shaft connection structure provided by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly cover structure provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a partial structural diagram of the transportation pipeline provided by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the main structure of the output component provided by the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the ring distributor structure provided by the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the transport pipeline provided by the present invention;

[0038] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the fertilizer discharge device provided by the present invention.

[0039] In the picture,

[0040] 1. Main body of the fertilizer discharger; 2. Transport components; 3. Output components;

[0041] 11. Housing; 12. Motor; 13. Outer grooved wheel spindle; 14. Drive sprocket; 15. Driven sprocket; 16. Chain; 17. Fertilizer discharge spiral grooved wheel; 18. Fertilizer stirring shaft; 19. Second assembly cover; 110. Coupling; 111. Fertilizer blocking plate; 112. Hinged bolt; 113. Sprocket platform; 114. Rotational speed measuring disc; 115. Driven shaft; 116. First assembly cover; 117. Speed ​​sensor;

[0042] 21. Fan; 22. Fertilizer delivery pipeline; 23. U-shaped movable plate; 24. U-shaped trough; 25. Handle; 26. Pressure boosting cone; 27. Pressure reducing cone;

[0043] 31. Arc-shaped connecting pipe; 32. Output connecting pipe; 33. Distributor connecting pipe; 34. Spherical cover; 35. Ring distributor; 36. Baffle plate;

[0044] 131. First mandrel section; 132. Second mandrel section; 133. Spring;

[0045] 171. Spiral groove; 172. Through hole;

[0046] 181. Stirring rod; 191. Mounting hole; 220. Fertilizer unloading notch;

[0047] 321. Corrugated pipe; 351. Feeding hole;

[0048] 1101. Top opening; 1102. Bottom opening; 1103. Left side plate; 1104. Right side plate; 1105. Front side plate; 1106. Rear side plate; 1107. Side cleaning plate; 1108. Pressure equalizing plate; 1109. Strip groove; 1110. Left inner plate;

[0049] 1111, Mainboard; 1112, Supporting Vertical Plate; 1113, First Notch; 1114, Second Notch; 1115, Second Handle;

[0050] 1721, First mandrel groove; 1722, Second mandrel groove. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0052] It should be noted that the terms "upper," "bottom," "side," etc., used herein indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the purpose of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Similar expressions are only for illustrative purposes and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "one section" and "two sections" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0053] First, the present invention discloses a combined air force precision fertilizer discharge device, which includes a fertilizer discharger body 1, a transport component 2 and an output component 3 connected in sequence;

[0054] The main body 1 of the fertilizer applicator includes a housing 11, which comprises a left side plate 1103, a right side plate 1104, a front side plate 1105, and a rear side plate 1106. A left inner plate 1110 is installed inside the left side plate 1103, and an installation space is provided between the left side plate 1103 and the left inner plate 1110. Furthermore, a side cleaning plate 1107 is installed on the front side plate 1105, and a pressure equalizing plate 1108 is installed on the rear side plate 1106 to balance the internal and external pressure differences and prevent the formation of a vacuum inside. The housing 11 has upper openings 1101 at its top and bottom, respectively. The lower opening 1102 is used for fertilizer inlet and outlet, respectively. A fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 is arranged laterally inside the housing 11, positioned directly above the lower opening 1102. The fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 includes multiple spiral grooves 171, and a through hole 172 is formed along its length in the middle of the wheel 17. An outer groove wheel spindle 13 is provided inside the through hole 172. The outer groove wheel spindle 13 includes a first spindle section 131 and a second spindle section 132 fixedly connected to it. Both the first spindle section 131 and the second spindle section 132 are regular square prisms and are coaxial. The bottom diameter of the second mandrel 132 is smaller than that of the first mandrel 131, and a spring 133 is fitted onto the outside of the second mandrel 132. The through hole 172 is used in conjunction with the outer grooved wheel mandrel 13. The through hole 172 includes a first mandrel groove 1721 and a second mandrel groove 1722. The length of the first mandrel groove 1721 is greater than the length of the first mandrel 131, and the bottom diameter of the second mandrel groove 1722 is greater than that of the first mandrel groove 1721 for mounting the spring 133. The bottom diameter of the first mandrel groove 1721 is smaller than that of the spring 133. The spring 133 has a long bottom diameter; the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 has a first mounting cover 116 and a second mounting cover 19 installed at both ends, and the two are rotatably connected to the ends of the second section spindle 132 and the first section spindle 131 away from each other, respectively. The first mounting cover 116 and the second mounting cover 19 are detachably installed on the left inner plate 1110 and the right plate 1104, respectively; after the second mounting cover 19 is installed, the spring 133 is in a compressed state; furthermore, the second mounting cover 19 is detachably installed on the right plate 1104 through the mounting holes 191 on both sides and screws.

[0055] The fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 is arranged with a fertilizer stirring shaft 18 at an angle above it. The two ends of the fertilizer stirring shaft 18 are rotatably connected to the left inner plate 1110 and the right plate 1104, respectively. Furthermore, multiple stirring rods 181 are fixedly connected to the fertilizer stirring shaft 18.

[0056] A motor 12 is mounted on the outer side of the left side plate 1103. The output end of the motor 12 extends through the left side plate 1103 into the housing 11 and is fixedly connected to a coupling 110. The coupling 110 passes through the middle of the first mounting cover 116 and is fixedly connected to one end of the second spindle 132. A sprocket platform 113 is arranged between the left side plate 1103 and the first mounting cover 116. The sprocket platform 113 is fitted onto and fixed to the coupling 110. An active drive is fixedly connected to the sprocket platform 113. The sprocket 14 and the rotation speed measuring disk 114 are connected. A speed sensor 117 is installed on the left side plate 1103 near the rotation speed measuring disk 114. A driven sprocket 15 is arranged diagonally above the drive sprocket 14. The driven sprocket 15 is rotatably connected to the outside of the left inner plate 1110 via a driven shaft 115. The drive sprocket 14 and the driven sprocket 15 are connected by a chain 16. The end of the driven shaft 115 away from the driven sprocket 15 is connected to the fertilizer mixing shaft 18, and the two move synchronously.

[0057] Furthermore, the housing 11 also includes a fertilizer plugging plate 111, which includes a main board 1111 and a support vertical plate 1112 vertically fixedly connected thereto. A second handle 1115 is fixedly connected to the top of the main board 1111 near the support vertical plate 1112. First notches 1113 are opened on both sides of the main board 1111, and second notches 1114 are opened on both sides of the support vertical plate 1112. A strip groove 1109 is opened on the upper part of the front side plate 1105. When fertilizer plugging is required, the main board 1111 can be inserted into the housing 11 through the strip groove 1109 and fixed with the second notches 1114 using the hinge bolts 112 to achieve the fertilizer plugging effect. During operation, the main board 1111 is pulled out and the fertilizer plugging plate 111 is fixed with the hinge bolts 112 and the first notches 1113.

[0058] The transport component 2 includes: a blower 21, the output end of the blower 21 is connected to a fertilizer conveying pipe 22, the lower opening 1102 of the fertilizer discharger body 1 is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, and the bottom of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 directly below the interface of the two has a fertilizer unloading notch 221.

[0059] The fertilizer conveying pipeline 22 is internally fitted with a pressure-boosting conical barrel 26 and a pressure-reducing conical barrel 27. The pressure-boosting conical barrel 26 is located near the blower 21 at the connection between the lower opening 1102 and the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22, and is used to increase the output air volume and wind speed of the blower 21 to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection. The pressure-reducing conical barrel 27 is located away from the blower 21 at the connection between the lower opening 1102 and the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22, and is used to reduce the output air volume and wind speed of the blower 21. The purpose of using the pressure-reducing conical barrel here is to reduce the air volume and wind speed. If the wind speed is too high, the fertilizer will be pulverized when it hits the transport channel during transport. It will also cause the fertilizer to bounce back to the ground when it touches the ground during fertilization if it is not covered with soil in time, resulting in fertilizer waste and insufficient fertilization.

[0060] Above the fertilizer unloading opening 221, along the inner wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, there is a U-shaped movable plate 23 larger than its size. The U-shaped movable plate 23 extends to the side near the blower 21. A U-shaped groove 24 is opened on the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 in the front-back direction. A handle 25 is provided in the U-shaped groove 24 and can move along the U-shaped groove 24. One end of the handle 25 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped movable plate 23.

[0061] The output component 3 includes: an arc-shaped connecting pipe 31, an output connecting pipe 32, and a distributor connecting pipe 33 connected sequentially upwards. One end of the arc-shaped connecting pipe 31 is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, and the other end is connected to the output connecting pipe 32. A corrugated pipe 321 is provided on the side of the output connecting pipe 32 away from the arc-shaped connecting pipe 31 for uniformly distributing the fertilizer. The top of the corrugated pipe 321 is connected to the distributor connecting pipe 33. An annular distributor 35 is fixed and fitted on the distributor connecting pipe 33. The annular distributor 35 has multiple uniformly sized discharge holes 351, and each discharge hole 351 is connected to a fertilizer discharge pipe. A spherical cover 34 is fixed to the top of the distributor connecting pipe 33. A baffle 36 is fixed to the top of the spherical cover 34 for uniformly rebounding the fertilizer into each discharge hole 351. The spherical cover 34 allows fertilizer to be transported along the wall to each discharge hole 351, and the spherical cover 34 is transparent, making it easy to observe the fertilization process. Furthermore, the number of discharge holes 351 is at least four.

[0062] Furthermore, the device also includes an external controller, with the speed sensor 117, motor 12, and fan 21 respectively connected to the external controller.

[0063] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using a combined exhaust force precision fertilizer dispensing device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0064] Working process: This device can apply fertilizers of different densities, ranging from 0.8 to 1.2 g / cm³. Due to the different fertilizer densities, the amount of fertilizer applied varies greatly. To achieve precise application of compound fertilizers of different densities, density verification is required during fertilization. The present invention sets a real-time monitoring and adjustment method for fertilizers of different densities as follows: First, the weight of fertilizer that the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 needs to drop per unit time is set. Based on this weight value, the number of revolutions required for the fertilizer motor 12 to drop the above benchmark weight per unit time is measured for fertilizers of different densities. The number of revolutions is set by an external controller, which controls the rotation of the motor 12. During the rotation of the motor 12, the speed sensor 117 monitors the motor speed in real time and feeds it back to the external controller. At the same time, the external controller controls the fan 21 to start, completing the transportation of fertilizer.

[0065] Additionally, when fertilizer needs to be added, the U-shaped movable plate 23 is adjusted above the fertilizer discharge opening 221 using the handle 25. The main plate 1111 is then pulled out and fixed to the first opening 1113 using the hinge bolts 112. The fertilizer blocking plate 111 is then fixed to the front side plate 1105. The motor 12 and the blower 21 are started. The motor 12 directly drives the drive sprocket 14 and the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 to rotate, and indirectly drives the driven sprocket 15 and the fertilizer stirring shaft 18 to rotate synchronously. The fertilizer flows from the lower opening 1102 through the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 into the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, which has a diameter of 104-1. The output air of the blower 21 is increased by the pressure-boosting cone 26, which has a cross-sectional area that gradually decreases from the side closer to the blower 21 to the side farther away from the blower 21. This increases the air volume and speed, ensuring that there is no fertilizer blockage at the interface between the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22 and the fertilizer discharger body 1. Then the fertilizer passes through the pressure-reducing cone 27, which has a cross-sectional area that gradually increases from the side closer to the blower 21 to the side farther away from the blower 21. This reduces the speed of the fertilizer during pipeline transportation, preventing the fertilizer from being crushed into powder due to impact with the pipe wall at high speed during transportation.

[0066] The fertilizer passes through the output connecting pipe 32 to the corrugated pipe 321. The corrugations inside the corrugated pipe 321 can evenly disperse the fertilizer and spray it onto the baffle 36 inside the spherical cover 34. The fertilizer then falls through the spherical cover 34 into each discharge hole 351 of the annular distributor 35. Each discharge hole 351 is connected to a fertilizer application component.

[0067] Fertilizer unloading process: Pull out the main board 1111 and fix it on the front side plate 1105 to connect the fertilizer box with the main body of the fertilizer discharger. Adjust the U-shaped movable plate 23 to the inside of the side wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 through the handle 25, away from the fertilizer unloading opening 221. After releasing the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer box and the housing 11, turn off the motor 12. Then insert the main board 1111 into the strip groove 1109 on the upper part of the front side plate 1105 and fix it with the hinge bolt 112 and the second opening 1114 respectively to close the top of the housing 11.

[0068] Disassembly and cleaning process of the main body of the fertilizer discharger: Remove the screws used to fix the second assembly cover 19. The second assembly cover 19 is separated from the right side plate 1104. Under the elastic force of the spring 133, the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 will be popped out, which is convenient for replacement and inspection.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] A combined pneumatic precision fertilizer dispensing device, comprising a fertilizer dispensing body 1, a transport component 2, and an output component 3 connected in sequence;

[0071] The main body 1 of the fertilizer applicator includes a housing 11, which comprises a left side plate 1103, a right side plate 1104, a front side plate 1105, and a rear side plate 1106. A left inner plate 1110 is installed inside the left side plate 1103, and an installation space is provided between the left side plate 1103 and the left inner plate 1110. Furthermore, a side cleaning plate 1107 is installed on the front side plate 1105, and a pressure equalizing plate 1108 is installed on the rear side plate 1106 to balance the internal and external pressure differences and prevent the formation of a vacuum inside. The housing 11 has upper openings 1101 at its top and bottom, respectively. The lower opening 1102 is used for fertilizer inlet and outlet, respectively. A fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 is arranged laterally inside the housing 11, positioned directly above the lower opening 1102. The fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 includes multiple spiral grooves 171, and a through hole 172 is formed along its length in the middle of the wheel 17. An outer groove wheel spindle 13 is provided inside the through hole 172. The outer groove wheel spindle 13 includes a first spindle section 131 and a second spindle section 132 fixedly connected to it. Both the first spindle section 131 and the second spindle section 132 are regular square prisms and are coaxial. The bottom diameter of the second mandrel 132 is smaller than that of the first mandrel 131, and a spring 133 is fitted onto the outside of the second mandrel 132. The through hole 172 is used in conjunction with the outer grooved wheel mandrel 13. The through hole 172 includes a first mandrel groove 1721 and a second mandrel groove 1722. The length of the first mandrel groove 1721 is greater than the length of the first mandrel 131, and the bottom diameter of the second mandrel groove 1722 is greater than that of the first mandrel groove 1721 for mounting the spring 133. The bottom diameter of the first mandrel groove 1721 is smaller than that of the spring 133. The spring 133 has a long bottom diameter; the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 has a first mounting cover 116 and a second mounting cover 19 installed at both ends, and the two are rotatably connected to the ends of the second section spindle 132 and the first section spindle 131 away from each other, respectively. The first mounting cover 116 and the second mounting cover 19 are detachably installed on the left inner plate 1110 and the right plate 1104, respectively; after the second mounting cover 19 is installed, the spring 133 is in a compressed state; furthermore, the second mounting cover 19 is detachably installed on the right plate 1104 through the mounting holes 191 on both sides and screws.

[0072] The fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 is arranged with a fertilizer stirring shaft 18 at an angle above it. The two ends of the fertilizer stirring shaft 18 are rotatably connected to the left inner plate 1110 and the right plate 1104, respectively. Furthermore, multiple stirring rods 181 are fixedly connected to the fertilizer stirring shaft 18.

[0073] A motor 12 is mounted on the outer side of the left side plate 1103. The output end of the motor 12 extends through the left side plate 1103 into the housing 11 and is fixedly connected to a coupling 110. The coupling 110 passes through the middle of the first mounting cover 116 and is fixedly connected to one end of the second spindle 132. A sprocket platform 113 is arranged between the left side plate 1103 and the first mounting cover 116. The sprocket platform 113 is fitted onto and fixed to the coupling 110. A drive chain is fixedly connected to the sprocket platform 113. The drive sprocket 14 and the rotation speed measuring disk 114 are connected. A speed sensor 117 is installed on the left side plate 1103 near the rotation speed measuring disk 114. A driven sprocket 15 is arranged diagonally above the drive sprocket 14. The driven sprocket 15 is rotatably connected to the outside of the left inner plate 1110 via a driven shaft 115. The drive sprocket 14 and the driven sprocket 15 are connected by a chain 16. The end of the driven shaft 115 away from the driven sprocket 15 is fixedly connected to the fertilizer mixing shaft 18. The two move synchronously.

[0074] Furthermore, the housing 11 also includes a fertilizer plugging plate 111, which includes a main board 1111 and a support vertical plate 1112 vertically fixedly connected thereto. A second handle 1115 is fixedly connected to the top of the main board 1111 near the support vertical plate 1112. First notches 1113 are opened on both sides of the main board 1111, and second notches 1114 are opened on both sides of the support vertical plate 1112. A strip groove 1109 is opened on the upper part of the front side plate 1105. When fertilizer plugging is required, the main board 1111 can be inserted into the housing 11 through the strip groove 1109 and fixed with the second notches 1114 using the hinge bolts 112 to achieve the fertilizer plugging effect. During operation, the main board 1111 is pulled out and the fertilizer plugging plate 111 is fixed with the hinge bolts 112 and the first notches 1113.

[0075] The transport component 2 includes: a blower 21, the output end of the blower 21 is connected to a fertilizer conveying pipe 22, the lower opening 1102 of the fertilizer discharger body 1 is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, and the bottom of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 directly below the interface of the two has a fertilizer unloading notch 221.

[0076] The fertilizer conveying pipeline 22 is internally fitted with a pressure-boosting conical barrel 26 and a pressure-reducing conical barrel 27. The pressure-boosting conical barrel 26 is located near the blower 21 at the connection between the lower opening 1102 and the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22, and is used to increase the output air volume and wind speed of the blower 21 to avoid fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection. The pressure-reducing conical barrel 27 is located away from the blower 21 at the connection between the lower opening 1102 and the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22, and is used to reduce the output air volume and wind speed of the blower 21. The purpose of using the pressure-reducing conical barrel here is to reduce the air volume and wind speed. If the wind speed is too high, the fertilizer will be pulverized when it hits the transport channel during transport. It will also cause the fertilizer to bounce back to the ground when it touches the ground during fertilization if it is not covered with soil in time, resulting in fertilizer waste and insufficient fertilization.

[0077] Above the fertilizer unloading opening 221, along the inner wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, there is a U-shaped movable plate 23 larger than its size. The U-shaped movable plate 23 extends to the side near the blower 21. A U-shaped groove 24 is opened on the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 in the front-back direction. A handle 25 is provided in the U-shaped groove 24 and can move along the U-shaped groove 24. One end of the handle 25 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped movable plate 23.

[0078] The output component 3 includes: an arc-shaped connecting pipe 31, an output connecting pipe 32, and a distributor connecting pipe 33 connected sequentially upwards. One end of the arc-shaped connecting pipe 31 is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, and the other end is connected to the output connecting pipe 32. A corrugated pipe 321 is provided on the side of the output connecting pipe 32 away from the arc-shaped connecting pipe 31 for uniformly distributing the fertilizer. The top of the corrugated pipe 321 is connected to the distributor connecting pipe 33. An annular distributor 35 is fixed and fitted on the distributor connecting pipe 33. The annular distributor 35 has multiple uniformly sized discharge holes 351, and each discharge hole 351 is connected to a fertilizer discharge pipe. A spherical cover 34 is fixed to the top of the distributor connecting pipe 33. A baffle 36 is fixed to the top of the spherical cover 34 for uniformly rebounding the fertilizer into each discharge hole 351. The spherical cover 34 allows fertilizer to be transported along the wall to each discharge hole 351, and the spherical cover 34 is transparent, making it easy to observe the fertilization process. Furthermore, the number of discharge holes 351 is at least four.

[0079] Furthermore, the device also includes an external controller, with the speed sensor 117, motor 12, and fan 21 respectively connected to the external controller.

[0080] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using a combined exhaust force precision fertilizer dispensing device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0081] Working Process: This device can apply fertilizers of different densities. When the fertilizer density is 1 g / cm³, a real-time monitoring and adjustment method is set according to different fertilizer densities: First, the weight of fertilizer that the fertilizer discharge spiral wheel 17 needs to drop per unit time is set. Based on this weight value, the number of revolutions required for the motor 12 to drop the above benchmark weight of fertilizer per unit time is measured for fertilizers of different densities. The number of revolutions is set through an external controller, which controls the rotation of the motor 12. During the rotation of the motor 12, the speed sensor 117 monitors the motor speed in real time and feeds it back to the external controller. At the same time, the external controller controls the fan 21 to start, completing the transportation of fertilizer. To more clearly explain the above correction method, this embodiment illustrates the following example: After testing, the optimal value is set to drop 8 kg of fertilizer per unit time. The test results show that the density of compound fertilizer is 1 g / cm³. 3The fertilizer can be discharged at 8kg per unit time by rotating 10 times. Therefore, the motor can be set to rotate 10 times per unit time on the control panel of the external controller. When the fertilizer density changes, the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel is fixed to rotate 10 times and the weight of the collected compound fertilizer is measured. If the measured fertilizer weight is 7.2kg, the measured weight is entered into the system. The system calculates that the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel needs to rotate 11.1 times in actual work to meet the fertilizer application amount (8kg). If the measured fertilizer amount is 9.5kg, the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel only needs to rotate 8.7 times in actual work to meet the fertilizer application amount.

[0082] Additionally, when fertilizer needs to be added, the U-shaped movable plate 23 is adjusted above the fertilizer discharge opening 221 using the handle 25. The main plate 1111 is then pulled out and fixed to the first opening 1113 using the hinge bolts 112. The fertilizer blocking plate 111 is then fixed to the front side plate 1105. The motor 12 and the blower 21 are started. The motor 12 directly drives the drive sprocket 14 and the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 to rotate, and indirectly drives the driven sprocket 15 and the fertilizer stirring shaft 18 to rotate synchronously. The fertilizer flows through the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 from the lower opening 1102 into the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, which has a diameter of 125 mm. mm, the air force at the output end of the blower 21 increases the air volume and air speed through the pressure-boosting cone 26. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure-boosting cone 26 gradually decreases from the side closer to the blower 21 to the side farther away from the blower 21, which increases the air volume and air speed and ensures that there is no fertilizer blockage at the interface between the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22 and the fertilizer discharger body 1. Then the fertilizer passes through the pressure-reducing cone 27. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure-reducing cone 27 gradually increases from the side closer to the blower 21 to the side farther away from the blower 21, which can reduce the speed of the fertilizer during pipeline transportation and avoid the fertilizer from being crushed into powder due to the impact of the fertilizer with the pipe wall at high speed during transportation.

[0083] The fertilizer passes through the output connecting pipe 32 to the corrugated pipe 321. The corrugations inside the corrugated pipe 321 can evenly disperse the fertilizer and spray it onto the baffle 36 inside the spherical cover 34. The fertilizer then falls through the spherical cover 34 into each discharge hole 351 of the annular distributor 35. Each discharge hole 351 is connected to a fertilizer application component.

[0084] Fertilizer unloading process: Pull out the main board 1111 and fix it on the front side plate 1105 to connect the fertilizer box with the main body of the fertilizer discharger. Adjust the U-shaped movable plate 23 to the inside of the side wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 through the handle 25, away from the fertilizer unloading opening 221. After releasing the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer box and the housing 11, turn off the motor 12. Then insert the main board 1111 into the strip groove 1109 on the upper part of the front side plate 1105 and fix it with the hinge bolt 112 and the second opening 1114 respectively to close the top of the housing 11.

[0085] Disassembly and cleaning process of the main body of the fertilizer discharger: Remove the screws used to fix the second assembly cover 19. The second assembly cover 19 is separated from the right side plate 1104. Under the elastic force of the spring 133, the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 will be popped out, which is convenient for replacement and inspection.

[0086] Example 2

[0087] A combined pneumatic precision fertilizer dispensing device, comprising a fertilizer dispensing body 1, a transport component 2, and an output component 3 connected in sequence;

[0088] The main body 1 of the fertilizer applicator includes a housing 11, which comprises a left side plate 1103, a right side plate 1104, a front side plate 1105, and a rear side plate 1106. A left inner plate 1110 is installed inside the left side plate 1103, and an installation space is provided between the left side plate 1103 and the left inner plate 1110. Furthermore, a side cleaning plate 1107 is installed on the front side plate 1105, and a pressure equalizing plate 1108 is installed on the rear side plate 1106 to balance the internal and external pressure differences and prevent the formation of a vacuum inside. The housing 11 has upper openings 1101 at its top and bottom, respectively. The lower opening 1102 is used for fertilizer inlet and outlet, respectively. A fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 is arranged laterally inside the housing 11, positioned directly above the lower opening 1102. The fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 includes multiple spiral grooves 171, and a through hole 172 is formed along its length in the middle of the wheel 17. An outer groove wheel spindle 13 is provided inside the through hole 172. The outer groove wheel spindle 13 includes a first spindle section 131 and a second spindle section 132 fixedly connected to it. Both the first spindle section 131 and the second spindle section 132 are regular square prisms and are coaxial. The bottom diameter of the second mandrel 132 is smaller than that of the first mandrel 131, and a spring 133 is fitted onto the outside of the second mandrel 132. The through hole 172 is used in conjunction with the outer grooved wheel mandrel 13. The through hole 172 includes a first mandrel groove 1721 and a second mandrel groove 1722. The length of the first mandrel groove 1721 is greater than the length of the first mandrel 131, and the bottom diameter of the second mandrel groove 1722 is greater than that of the first mandrel groove 1721 for mounting the spring 133. The bottom diameter of the first mandrel groove 1721 is smaller than that of the spring 133. The spring 133 has a long bottom diameter; the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 has a first mounting cover 116 and a second mounting cover 19 installed at both ends, and the two are rotatably connected to the ends of the second section spindle 132 and the first section spindle 131 away from each other, respectively. The first mounting cover 116 and the second mounting cover 19 are detachably installed on the left inner plate 1110 and the right plate 1104, respectively; after the second mounting cover 19 is installed, the spring 133 is in a compressed state; furthermore, the second mounting cover 19 is detachably installed on the right plate 1104 through the mounting holes 191 on both sides and screws.

[0089] The fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 is arranged with a fertilizer stirring shaft 18 at an angle above it. The two ends of the fertilizer stirring shaft 18 are rotatably connected to the left inner plate 1110 and the right plate 1104, respectively. Furthermore, multiple stirring rods 181 are fixedly connected to the fertilizer stirring shaft 18.

[0090] A motor 12 is mounted on the outer side of the left side plate 1103. The output end of the motor 12 extends through the left side plate 1103 into the housing 11 and is fixedly connected to a coupling 110. The coupling 110 passes through the middle of the first mounting cover 116 and is fixedly connected to one end of the second spindle 132. A sprocket platform 113 is arranged between the left side plate 1103 and the first mounting cover 116. The sprocket platform 113 is fitted onto and fixed to the coupling 110. A drive chain is fixedly connected to the sprocket platform 113. The drive sprocket 14 and the rotation speed measuring disk 114 are connected. A speed sensor 117 is installed on the left side plate 1103 near the rotation speed measuring disk 114. A driven sprocket 15 is arranged diagonally above the drive sprocket 14. The driven sprocket 15 is rotatably connected to the outside of the left inner plate 1110 via a driven shaft 115. The drive sprocket 14 and the driven sprocket 15 are connected by a chain 16. The end of the driven shaft 115 away from the driven sprocket 15 is fixedly connected to the fertilizer mixing shaft 18. The two move synchronously.

[0091] Furthermore, the housing 11 also includes a fertilizer plugging plate 111, which includes a main board 1111 and a support vertical plate 1112 vertically fixedly connected thereto. A second handle 1115 is fixedly connected to the top of the main board 1111 near the support vertical plate 1112. First notches 1113 are opened on both sides of the main board 1111, and second notches 1114 are opened on both sides of the support vertical plate 1112. A strip groove 1109 is opened on the upper part of the front side plate 1105. When fertilizer plugging is required, the main board 1111 can be inserted into the housing 11 through the strip groove 1109 and fixed with the second notches 1114 using the hinge bolts 112 to achieve the fertilizer plugging effect. During operation, the main board 1111 is pulled out and the fertilizer plugging plate 111 is fixed with the hinge bolts 112 and the first notches 1113.

[0092] The transport component 2 includes: a blower 21, the output end of the blower 21 is connected to a fertilizer conveying pipe 22, the lower opening 1102 of the fertilizer discharger body 1 is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, and the bottom of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 directly below the interface of the two has a fertilizer unloading notch 221.

[0093] The fertilizer conveying pipeline 22 is internally fitted with a pressure-boosting conical barrel 26 and a pressure-reducing conical barrel 27. The pressure-boosting conical barrel 26 is located near the blower 21 at the connection between the lower opening 1102 and the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22, and is used to increase the output air volume and wind speed of the blower 21 to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection. The pressure-reducing conical barrel 27 is located away from the blower 21 at the connection between the lower opening 1102 and the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22, and is used to reduce the output air volume and wind speed of the blower 21. The purpose of using the pressure-reducing conical barrel here is to reduce the air volume and wind speed. If the wind speed is too high, the fertilizer will be pulverized when it hits the transport channel during transport. It will also cause the fertilizer to bounce back to the ground when it touches the ground during fertilization if it is not covered with soil in time, resulting in fertilizer waste and insufficient fertilization.

[0094] Above the fertilizer unloading opening 221, along the inner wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, there is a U-shaped movable plate 23 larger than its size. The U-shaped movable plate 23 extends to the side near the blower 21. A U-shaped groove 24 is opened on the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 in the front-back direction. A handle 25 is provided in the U-shaped groove 24 and can move along the U-shaped groove 24. One end of the handle 25 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped movable plate 23.

[0095] The output component 3 includes: an arc-shaped connecting pipe 31, an output connecting pipe 32, and a distributor connecting pipe 33 connected sequentially upwards. One end of the arc-shaped connecting pipe 31 is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, and the other end is connected to the output connecting pipe 32. A corrugated pipe 321 is provided on the side of the output connecting pipe 32 away from the arc-shaped connecting pipe 31 for uniformly distributing the fertilizer. The top of the corrugated pipe 321 is connected to the distributor connecting pipe 33. An annular distributor 35 is fixed and fitted on the distributor connecting pipe 33. The annular distributor 35 has multiple uniformly sized discharge holes 351, and each discharge hole 351 is connected to a fertilizer discharge pipe. A spherical cover 34 is fixed to the top of the distributor connecting pipe 33. A baffle 36 is fixed to the top of the spherical cover 34 for uniformly rebounding the fertilizer into each discharge hole 351. The spherical cover 34 allows fertilizer to be transported along the wall to each discharge hole 351, and the spherical cover 34 is transparent, making it easy to observe the fertilization process. Furthermore, the number of discharge holes 351 is at least four.

[0096] Furthermore, the device also includes an external controller, with the speed sensor 117, motor 12, and fan 21 respectively connected to the external controller.

[0097] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using a combined exhaust force precision fertilizer dispensing device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0098] Working process: This device can apply fertilizers of different densities, with a fertilizer density of 0.8 g / cm³. A real-time monitoring and adjustment method is set according to the different fertilizer densities: First, the weight of fertilizer that the fertilizer discharge spiral wheel 17 needs to drop per unit time is set. Using this weight as a benchmark, the number of revolutions required for the fertilizer motor 12 to drop the benchmark weight per unit time is measured for fertilizers of different densities. The number of revolutions is set through an external controller, which controls the rotation of the motor 12. During the rotation of the motor 12, the speed sensor 117 monitors the motor speed in real time and feeds it back to the external controller. Simultaneously, the external controller controls the fan 21 to start, completing the transportation of the fertilizer.

[0099] Additionally, when fertilizer needs to be added, the U-shaped movable plate 23 is adjusted above the fertilizer discharge opening 221 using the handle 25. The main plate 1111 is then pulled out and fixed to the first opening 1113 using the hinge bolts 112. The fertilizer blocking plate 111 is then fixed to the front side plate 1105. The motor 12 and the blower 21 are started. The motor 12 directly drives the drive sprocket 14 and the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 to rotate, and indirectly drives the driven sprocket 15 and the fertilizer stirring shaft 18 to rotate synchronously. The fertilizer flows through the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 from the lower opening 1102 into the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, which has a diameter of 156 mm. mm, the air force at the output end of the blower 21 increases the air volume and air speed through the pressure-boosting cone 26. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure-boosting cone 26 gradually decreases from the side closer to the blower 21 to the side farther away from the blower 21, which increases the air volume and air speed and ensures that there is no fertilizer blockage at the interface between the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22 and the fertilizer discharger body 1. Then the fertilizer passes through the pressure-reducing cone 27. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure-reducing cone 27 gradually increases from the side closer to the blower 21 to the side farther away from the blower 21, which can reduce the speed of the fertilizer during pipeline transportation and avoid the fertilizer from being crushed into powder due to the impact of the fertilizer with the pipe wall at high speed during transportation.

[0100] The fertilizer passes through the output connecting pipe 32 to the corrugated pipe 321. The corrugations inside the corrugated pipe 321 can evenly disperse the fertilizer and spray it onto the baffle 36 inside the spherical cover 34. The fertilizer then falls through the spherical cover 34 into each discharge hole 351 of the annular distributor 35. Each discharge hole 351 is connected to a fertilizer application component.

[0101] Fertilizer unloading process: Pull out the main board 1111 and fix it on the front side plate 1105 to connect the fertilizer box with the main body of the fertilizer discharger. Adjust the U-shaped movable plate 23 to the inside of the side wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 through the handle 25, away from the fertilizer unloading opening 221. After releasing the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer box and the housing 11, turn off the motor 12. Then insert the main board 1111 into the strip groove 1109 on the upper part of the front side plate 1105 and fix it with the hinge bolt 112 and the second opening 1114 respectively to close the top of the housing 11.

[0102] Disassembly and cleaning process of the main body of the fertilizer discharger: Remove the screws used to fix the second assembly cover 19. The second assembly cover 19 is separated from the right side plate 1104. Under the elastic force of the spring 133, the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 will be popped out, which is convenient for replacement and inspection.

[0103] Example 3

[0104] A combined pneumatic precision fertilizer dispensing device, comprising a fertilizer dispensing body 1, a transport component 2, and an output component 3 connected in sequence;

[0105] The main body 1 of the fertilizer applicator includes a housing 11, which comprises a left side plate 1103, a right side plate 1104, a front side plate 1105, and a rear side plate 1106. A left inner plate 1110 is installed inside the left side plate 1103, and an installation space is provided between the left side plate 1103 and the left inner plate 1110. Furthermore, a side cleaning plate 1107 is installed on the front side plate 1105, and a pressure equalizing plate 1108 is installed on the rear side plate 1106 to balance the internal and external pressure differences and prevent the formation of a vacuum inside. The housing 11 has upper openings 1101 at its top and bottom, respectively. The lower opening 1102 is used for fertilizer inlet and outlet, respectively. A fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 is arranged laterally inside the housing 11, positioned directly above the lower opening 1102. The fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 includes multiple spiral grooves 171, and a through hole 172 is formed along its length in the middle of the wheel 17. An outer groove wheel spindle 13 is provided inside the through hole 172. The outer groove wheel spindle 13 includes a first spindle section 131 and a second spindle section 132 fixedly connected to it. Both the first spindle section 131 and the second spindle section 132 are regular square prisms and are coaxial. The bottom diameter of the second mandrel 132 is smaller than that of the first mandrel 131, and a spring 133 is fitted onto the outside of the second mandrel 132. The through hole 172 is used in conjunction with the outer grooved wheel mandrel 13. The through hole 172 includes a first mandrel groove 1721 and a second mandrel groove 1722. The length of the first mandrel groove 1721 is greater than the length of the first mandrel 131, and the bottom diameter of the second mandrel groove 1722 is greater than that of the first mandrel groove 1721 for mounting the spring 133. The bottom diameter of the first mandrel groove 1721 is smaller than that of the spring 133. The spring 133 has a long bottom diameter; the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 has a first mounting cover 116 and a second mounting cover 19 installed at both ends, and the two are rotatably connected to the ends of the second section spindle 132 and the first section spindle 131 away from each other, respectively. The first mounting cover 116 and the second mounting cover 19 are detachably installed on the left inner plate 1110 and the right plate 1104, respectively; after the second mounting cover 19 is installed, the spring 133 is in a compressed state; furthermore, the second mounting cover 19 is detachably installed on the right plate 1104 through the mounting holes 191 on both sides and screws.

[0106] The fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 is arranged with a fertilizer stirring shaft 18 at an angle above it. The two ends of the fertilizer stirring shaft 18 are rotatably connected to the left inner plate 1110 and the right plate 1104, respectively. Furthermore, multiple stirring rods 181 are fixedly connected to the fertilizer stirring shaft 18.

[0107] A motor 12 is mounted on the outer side of the left side plate 1103. The output end of the motor 12 extends through the left side plate 1103 into the housing 11 and is fixedly connected to a coupling 110. The coupling 110 passes through the middle of the first mounting cover 116 and is fixedly connected to one end of the second spindle 132. A sprocket platform 113 is arranged between the left side plate 1103 and the first mounting cover 116. The sprocket platform 113 is fitted onto and fixed to the coupling 110. A drive chain is fixedly connected to the sprocket platform 113. The drive sprocket 14 and the rotation speed measuring disk 114 are connected. A speed sensor 117 is installed on the left side plate 1103 near the rotation speed measuring disk 114. A driven sprocket 15 is arranged diagonally above the drive sprocket 14. The driven sprocket 15 is rotatably connected to the outside of the left inner plate 1110 via a driven shaft 115. The drive sprocket 14 and the driven sprocket 15 are connected by a chain 16. The end of the driven shaft 115 away from the driven sprocket 15 is fixedly connected to the fertilizer mixing shaft 18. The two move synchronously.

[0108] Furthermore, the housing 11 also includes a fertilizer plugging plate 111, which includes a main board 1111 and a support vertical plate 1112 vertically fixedly connected thereto. A second handle 1115 is fixedly connected to the top of the main board 1111 near the support vertical plate 1112. First notches 1113 are opened on both sides of the main board 1111, and second notches 1114 are opened on both sides of the support vertical plate 1112. A strip groove 1109 is opened on the upper part of the front side plate 1105. When fertilizer plugging is required, the main board 1111 can be inserted into the housing 11 through the strip groove 1109 and fixed with the second notches 1114 using the hinge bolts 112 to achieve the fertilizer plugging effect. During operation, the main board 1111 is pulled out and the fertilizer plugging plate 111 is fixed with the hinge bolts 112 and the first notches 1113.

[0109] The transport component 2 includes: a blower 21, the output end of the blower 21 is connected to a fertilizer conveying pipe 22, the lower opening 1102 of the fertilizer discharger body 1 is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, and the bottom of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 directly below the interface of the two has a fertilizer unloading notch 221.

[0110] The fertilizer conveying pipeline 22 is internally fitted with a pressure-boosting conical barrel 26 and a pressure-reducing conical barrel 27. The pressure-boosting conical barrel 26 is located near the blower 21 at the connection between the lower opening 1102 and the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22, and is used to increase the output air volume and wind speed of the blower 21 to prevent fertilizer accumulation and blockage at the connection. The pressure-reducing conical barrel 27 is located away from the blower 21 at the connection between the lower opening 1102 and the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22, and is used to reduce the output air volume and wind speed of the blower 21. The purpose of using the pressure-reducing conical barrel here is to reduce the air volume and wind speed. If the wind speed is too high, the fertilizer will be pulverized when it hits the transport channel during transport. It will also cause the fertilizer to bounce back to the ground when it touches the ground during fertilization if it is not covered with soil in time, resulting in fertilizer waste and insufficient fertilization.

[0111] Above the fertilizer unloading opening 221, along the inner wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, there is a U-shaped movable plate 23 larger than its size. The U-shaped movable plate 23 extends to the side near the blower 21. A U-shaped groove 24 is opened on the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 in the front-back direction. A handle 25 is provided in the U-shaped groove 24 and can move along the U-shaped groove 24. One end of the handle 25 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped movable plate 23.

[0112] The output component 3 includes: an arc-shaped connecting pipe 31, an output connecting pipe 32, and a distributor connecting pipe 33 connected sequentially upwards. One end of the arc-shaped connecting pipe 31 is connected to the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, and the other end is connected to the output connecting pipe 32. A corrugated pipe 321 is provided on the side of the output connecting pipe 32 away from the arc-shaped connecting pipe 31 for uniformly distributing the fertilizer. The top of the corrugated pipe 321 is connected to the distributor connecting pipe 33. An annular distributor 35 is fixed and fitted on the distributor connecting pipe 33. The annular distributor 35 has multiple uniformly sized discharge holes 351, and each discharge hole 351 is connected to a fertilizer discharge pipe. A spherical cover 34 is fixed to the top of the distributor connecting pipe 33. A baffle 36 is fixed to the top of the spherical cover 34 for uniformly rebounding the fertilizer into each discharge hole 351. The spherical cover 34 allows fertilizer to be transported along the wall to each discharge hole 351, and the spherical cover 34 is transparent, making it easy to observe the fertilization process. Furthermore, the number of discharge holes 351 is at least four.

[0113] Furthermore, the device also includes an external controller, with the speed sensor 117, motor 12, and fan 21 respectively connected to the external controller.

[0114] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using a combined exhaust force precision fertilizer dispensing device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0115] Working process: This device can apply fertilizers of different densities, with a fertilizer density of 1.2 g / cm³. A real-time monitoring and adjustment method is set according to the different fertilizer densities: First, the weight of fertilizer that the fertilizer discharge spiral wheel 17 needs to drop per unit time is set. Using this weight as a benchmark, the number of revolutions required for the fertilizer motor 12 to drop the benchmark weight per unit time is measured for fertilizers of different densities. The number of revolutions is set through an external controller, which controls the rotation of the motor 12. During the rotation of the motor 12, the speed sensor 117 monitors the motor speed in real time and feeds it back to the external controller. Simultaneously, the external controller controls the fan 21 to start, completing the transportation of the fertilizer.

[0116] Additionally, when fertilizer needs to be added, the U-shaped movable plate 23 is adjusted above the fertilizer discharge opening 221 using the handle 25. The main plate 1111 is then pulled out and fixed to the first opening 1113 using the hinge bolts 112. The fertilizer blocking plate 111 is then fixed to the front side plate 1105. The motor 12 and the blower 21 are started. The motor 12 directly drives the drive sprocket 14 and the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 to rotate, and indirectly drives the driven sprocket 15 and the fertilizer stirring shaft 18 to rotate synchronously. The fertilizer flows from the lower opening 1102 through the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 into the fertilizer conveying pipe 22, which has a diameter of 104 mm. mm, the air force at the output end of the blower 21 increases the air volume and air speed through the pressure-boosting cone 26. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure-boosting cone 26 gradually decreases from the side closer to the blower 21 to the side farther away from the blower 21, which increases the air volume and air speed and ensures that there is no fertilizer blockage at the interface between the fertilizer conveying pipeline 22 and the fertilizer discharger body 1. Then the fertilizer passes through the pressure-reducing cone 27. The cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure-reducing cone 27 gradually increases from the side closer to the blower 21 to the side farther away from the blower 21, which can reduce the speed of the fertilizer during pipeline transportation and avoid the fertilizer from being broken into powder due to the impact with the pipe wall at high speed during transportation.

[0117] The fertilizer passes through the output connecting pipe 32 to the corrugated pipe 321. The corrugations inside the corrugated pipe 321 can evenly disperse the fertilizer and spray it onto the baffle 36 inside the spherical cover 34. The fertilizer then falls through the spherical cover 34 into each discharge hole 351 of the annular distributor 35. Each discharge hole 351 is connected to a fertilizer application component.

[0118] Fertilizer unloading process: Pull out the main board 1111 and fix it on the front side plate 1105 to connect the fertilizer box with the main body of the fertilizer discharger. Adjust the U-shaped movable plate 23 to the inside of the side wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe 22 through the handle 25, away from the fertilizer unloading opening 221. After releasing the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer box and the housing 11, turn off the motor 12. Then insert the main board 1111 into the strip groove 1109 on the upper part of the front side plate 1105 and fix it with the hinge bolt 112 and the second opening 1114 respectively to close the top of the housing 11.

[0119] Disassembly and cleaning process of the main body of the fertilizer discharger: Remove the screws used to fix the second assembly cover 19. The second assembly cover 19 is separated from the right side plate 1104. Under the elastic force of the spring 133, the fertilizer discharge spiral groove wheel 17 will be popped out, which is convenient for replacement and inspection.

[0120] The aforementioned motor 21, fan 21, and speed sensor 117 were all purchased commercially. The motor was purchased from Ningbo Zhongda Lide Intelligent Transmission Co., Ltd., model Z82BLDPN24200-30S / 82PN34K; the fan was purchased from Shanghai Quanfeng Industrial Co., Ltd., model TB200-20; and the speed sensor was purchased from Dongguan Debaoluo Guangdong Debaoluo Intelligent Control Technology Co., Ltd., model TSS-H06E1SM12L. The controller includes a microcontroller and a display screen. The microcontroller model is STC8A8K64D4, and the display screen was purchased from Delta Electronics Industrial Co., Ltd., model DOP-110WS.

[0121] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of this invention patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A precision fertilizer placement device of the exhaust force type, characterized in that, The device comprises a fertilizer distributor main body (1), a conveying component (2) and an output component (3) connected in sequence; The fertilizer distributor main body (1) comprises a shell (11), the shell (11) comprises a left side plate (1103), a right side plate (1104), a front side plate (1105) and a rear side plate (1106), a left inner plate (1110) is mounted on the inner side of the left side plate (1103), an installation space is arranged between the left side plate (1103) and the left inner plate (1110), an upper opening (1101) and a lower opening (1102) are respectively formed at the top and the bottom of the shell (11) for feeding and discharging fertilizer, a fertilizer spiral groove wheel (17) is horizontally arranged in the shell (11), the fertilizer spiral groove wheel (17) is arranged directly above the lower opening (1102), the fertilizer spiral groove wheel (17) comprises a plurality of spiral grooves (171), a through hole (172) is formed in the middle of the fertilizer spiral groove wheel (17) along the length direction thereof, an outer groove wheel shaft (13) is arranged in the through hole (172), the outer groove wheel shaft (13) comprises a first section shaft (131) and a second section shaft (132) fixedly connected with the first section shaft (131), the first section shaft (131) and the second section shaft (132) are coaxial and are both right quadrangular prisms, the bottom surface diameter of the second section shaft (132) is smaller than that of the first section shaft (131), and a spring (133) is sleeved on the outer portion of the second section shaft (132); the through hole (172) is used in cooperation with the outer groove wheel shaft (13), the through hole (172) comprises a first section shaft groove (1721) and a second section shaft groove (1722) in the inner portion thereof, the length of the first section shaft groove (1721) is greater than that of the first section shaft (131), the bottom surface diameter of the second section shaft groove (1722) is greater than that of the first section shaft groove (1721) for mounting the spring (133), and the bottom surface diameter of the first section shaft groove (1721) is smaller than that of the spring (133); a first assembly cover (116) and a second assembly cover (19) are respectively mounted at the two ends of the fertilizer spiral groove wheel (17), and the two ends are rotatably connected with the second section shaft (132) and the first section shaft (131) away from each other, and the first assembly cover (116) and the second assembly cover (19) are respectively detachably mounted on the left inner plate (1110) and the right side plate (1104); after the second assembly cover (19) is mounted, the spring (133) is in a compressed state; A fertilizer stirring shaft (18) is arranged obliquely above the fertilizer spiral groove wheel (17), and the two ends of the fertilizer stirring shaft (18) are rotatably connected with the left inner plate (1110) and the right side plate (1104). The left plate (1103) is externally provided with a motor (12), the output end of the motor (12) extends to the shell (11) through the left plate (1103) and is fixedly connected with a shaft coupling (110), the shaft coupling (110) is fixedly connected with one end of the second section of the mandrel (132) through the middle part of the first assembly cover (116); the left plate (1103) and the first assembly cover (116) are arranged with a sprocket table (113) in the middle, the sprocket table (113) is sleeved and fixed on the shaft coupling (110); the sprocket table (113) is fixedly connected with a driving sprocket (14) and a revolution measurement disc (114), and a rotating speed sensor (117) is arranged on the side of the left plate (1103) close to the revolution measurement disc (114); a driven sprocket (15) is arranged obliquely above the driving sprocket (14), the driven sprocket (15) is rotatably connected to the outside of the left inner plate (1110) through a driven shaft (115), and the driving sprocket (14) and the driven sprocket (15) are drivingly connected through a chain (16); the driven shaft (115) is connected with the manure stirring shaft (18) at the end away from the driven sprocket (15), and the two synchronously move; The conveying part (2) comprises: a fan (21), the output end of the fan (21) is connected with a manure conveying pipeline (22), the lower opening (1102) of the manure discharger body (1) is communicated with the manure conveying pipeline (22), and the bottom of the manure conveying pipeline (22) is provided with a manure discharging gap (221) below the interface of the two; The inside of the manure conveying pipeline (22) is embedded with a pressure increasing conical barrel (26) and a pressure reducing conical barrel (27), the pressure increasing conical barrel (26) is arranged on the side close to the fan (21) at the communicated part of the lower opening (1102) and the manure conveying pipeline (22), for increasing the output air volume and speed of the fan (21) and avoiding the blockage of the communicated part by accumulated manure; the pressure reducing conical barrel (27) is arranged on the side away from the fan (21) at the communicated part of the lower opening (1102) and the manure conveying pipeline (22), for reducing the output air volume and speed of the fan (21); A U-shaped movable plate (23) larger than the size of the manure discharging gap (221) is arranged on the inner wall of the manure conveying pipeline (22) above the manure discharging gap (221), the U-shaped movable plate (23) extends to the side close to the fan (21), a U-shaped groove (24) is formed on the manure conveying pipeline (22) in the front-rear direction, a handle (25) is arranged in the U-shaped groove (24) and can move along the U-shaped groove (24), and one end of the handle (25) is fixedly connected with the U-shaped movable plate (23); The output component (3) comprises: an arc-shaped connecting pipe (31), an output connecting pipe (32) and a distributor connecting pipe (33) connected in sequence upwards, one end of the arc-shaped connecting pipe (31) is connected with the fertilizer conveying pipeline (22), the other end is connected with the output connecting pipe (32), a section of corrugated pipe (321) is arranged on the side of the output connecting pipe (32) away from the arc-shaped connecting pipe (31) and is used for uniformly dispersing and outputting the fertilizer; the top of the corrugated pipe (321) is connected with the distributor connecting pipe (33), the distributor connecting pipe (33) is fixedly sleeved with a ring-shaped distributor (35), a plurality of uniformly-sized discharge holes (351) are formed in the ring-shaped distributor (35), each discharge hole (351) is connected with a fertilizer conveying pipeline; the top of the distributor connecting pipe (33) is fixedly connected with a spherical cover body (34), the inner top of the spherical cover body (34) is fixedly connected with a baffle (36) and is used for uniformly rebounding the fertilizer into each discharge hole (351).

2. The precision fertilizer delivery device of claim 1, wherein, The shell (11) further comprises a fertilizer blocking plug (111), the fertilizer blocking plug (111) comprises a main plate (1111) and a supporting vertical plate (1112) fixedly connected perpendicularly with the main plate (1111), a second handle (1115) is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the main plate (1111) close to the supporting vertical plate (1112), first notches (1113) are respectively formed in the two sides of the main plate (1111), second notches (1114) are respectively formed in the two sides of the supporting vertical plate (1112), a strip-shaped slot (1109) is formed in the upper portion of the front side plate (1105), when it is necessary to block the fertilizer, the main plate (1111) can be inserted into the shell (11) through the strip-shaped slot (1109) and is fixed by cooperating with the second notches (1114) by means of the universal bolts (112), so that the effect of blocking the fertilizer is achieved, when working, the main plate (1111) is pulled out and is fixed by cooperating with the first notches (1113) by means of the universal bolts (112) to block the fertilizer plug (111).

3. The precision drop tube fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: A plurality of stirring rods (181) are fixedly connected to the fertilizer stirring shaft (18).

4. The precision drop tube fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: A side cleaning plate (1107) is installed on the front side plate (1105) and an equalizing plate (1108) is installed on the rear side plate (1106).

5. The precision drop tube fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: The second assembly cover (19) is detachably installed on the right side plate (1104) through the mounting holes (191) on the two sides of the second assembly cover (19) and screws.

6. The precision drop tube fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: The device further comprises an external controller, the rotation speed sensor (117), the motor (12) and the fan (21) are connected with the external controller.

7. The precision drop tube fertilizer applicator of claim 1, wherein: The number of the discharge holes (351) is at least four.

8. A method of using the exhaust force type precision fertilizer placing device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: The device can apply different density of fertilizer, the fertilizer density is 0.8-1.2 g / cm³, according to the different density of fertilizer, the real-time monitoring and adjusting method is set: first, the weight of fertilizer falling in unit time is set for the fertilizer spiral groove wheel (17), and the number of revolutions of the fertilizer motor (12) is measured according to the weight value as the reference, the number of revolutions is set through the external controller, the external controller controls the motor (12) to rotate, and the speed sensor (117) monitors the motor speed in real time and feeds back to the external controller, at the same time, the external controller controls the fan (21) to start, and the transportation of fertilizer is completed; In addition, when the fertilizer needs to be applied, the U-shaped movable plate (23) is adjusted to the top of the fertilizer unloading gap (221) through the handle (25), the main plate (1111) is pulled out, the movable joint bolt (112) is used to fix the first gap (1113) respectively, the fertilizer blocking plug-in plate (111) is fixed on the front side plate (1105), the motor (12) and the fan (21) are started, the motor (12) directly drives the driving sprocket (14) and the fertilizer discharging spiral groove wheel (17) to rotate, and indirectly drives the driven sprocket (15) and the fertilizer stirring shaft (18) to rotate synchronously, the fertilizer flows into the fertilizer conveying pipeline (22) from the lower opening (1102) through the fertilizer discharging spiral groove wheel (17), the diameter of the fertilizer conveying pipeline (22) is 104-156 mm, the output end of the fan (21) increases the air volume and speed through the booster conical cylinder (26), the cross-sectional area of the booster conical cylinder (26) gradually decreases from the side close to the fan (21) to the side away from the fan (21), which increases the air volume and speed, and can ensure that there is no fertilizer blockage at the interface between the fertilizer conveying pipeline (22) and the fertilizer discharger main body (1), then the fertilizer passes through the pressure reducing conical cylinder (27), the cross-sectional area of the pressure reducing conical cylinder (27) gradually increases from the side close to the fan (21) to the side away from the fan (21), which can reduce the speed of the fertilizer in the pipeline transportation, avoid the fertilizer from being broken into powder due to the impact of the high speed of the fertilizer in the pipeline transportation, and reduce the speed of the fertilizer into the soil, reduce the bouncing of the fertilizer on the soil surface, and avoid waste; The fertilizer passes through the output connecting pipe (32) to the corrugated pipe (321), the corrugations in the corrugated pipe (321) can uniformly disperse the fertilizer, and the fertilizer is hit on the baffle (36) in the spherical cover body (34), and the fertilizer is discharged into each discharge hole (351) of the annular distributor (35) along the spherical cover body (34), each discharge hole (351) is connected with a fertilizer application into soil part; The process of discharging fertilizer: draw out the main plate (1111), and fix it on the front side plate (1105), make the fertilizer tank communicate with the fertilizer discharger main body, adjust the U-shaped movable plate (23) to the inner side of the side wall of the fertilizer conveying pipe (22) through the handle (25), leave the discharging fertilizer gap (221) above, put out the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer tank and the shell (11), and then close the motor (12); then insert the main plate (1111) into the strip-shaped slot (1109) on the upper part of the front side plate (1105), and fix it with the second gap (1114) respectively by using the articulated bolt (112), and close the top of the shell (11); The process of disassembling and cleaning the fertilizer discharger main body: unscrew the screw for fixing the second assembly cover (19), separate the second assembly cover (19) from the right side plate (1104), and the fertilizer spiral groove wheel (17) will be ejected under the elastic force of the spring (133), which is convenient for replacement and inspection.

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