Corn cultivation device and cultivation medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of corn cultivation, and discloses a corn cultivation device which comprises an outer frame, a guide rail is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the outer frame, a sliding block is slidably connected to the upper portion of the guide rail, a machine box is fixedly connected to the top of the outer frame, a vertical strip is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the machine box, and a rotating shaft is arranged on the inner side of the vertical strip; a plurality of box doors are slidably connected to the lower portion of the sliding block, an insertion column is arranged on one side of each box door, a guide frame strip is arranged on the outer side of each insertion column, and the extensible seedling tray is formed by splicing a plurality of movable box doors. Through pure mechanical linkage design, the movable extrusion plate is automatically driven to slide to relieve or reduce the compression on the capillary water supply layer while the expandable seedling tray is expanded outwards to provide a larger cultivation space, so that the water supply capacity is synchronously and adaptively enhanced, linkage matching between cultivation space expansion and water supply demand increase is realized, and the water supply efficiency is improved. The problem that space and water and fertilizer management in a traditional device are disjointed is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of maize cultivation technology, and more specifically to a cultivation substrate with adaptive water supply capability for use with an expandable cultivation device. Background Technology

[0002] As a globally important food, feed, and industrial raw material crop, maize cultivation techniques have always been a focus of agricultural research. With the development of modern agriculture towards precision, efficiency, and sustainability, higher demands are placed on maize cultivation techniques, especially in the seedling stage and in specialized cultivation scenarios. Currently, in terms of cultivation substrates, existing technologies utilize various devices for crop seedling or cultivation, such as plug trays, seedling pots, and planting boxes. Traditional maize seedling or cultivation often directly uses garden soil or simply mixed organic matter. Although the technology is mature, the following problems still exist: For example, during cultivation, the fixed spatial structure does not match the root growth. The limited volume of ordinary seed trays or small containers makes it difficult to accommodate the well-developed fibrous root system of corn. They cannot automatically adapt to changes in space, which can easily affect the growth in the middle and later stages and hinder the growth environment. In addition, traditional cultivation substrates mostly use soil or general seedling substrates, which have fixed water retention and water conduction properties. They cannot adaptively adjust the water supply capacity according to changes in the crop growth space and are difficult to effectively coordinate with expandable cultivation devices. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a device and cultivation substrate for corn cultivation. It utilizes a purely mechanical structure to expand the physical space of the seedling tray and links it with a treatment method that enhances the capillary water supply capacity of the bottom layer, thus solving the problem of the disconnect between space and water and fertilizer management.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, a corn cultivation device includes: an outer frame, a guide rail fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer frame, a slider slidably connected above the guide rail, a housing fixedly connected to the top of the outer frame, a vertical bar rotatably connected to the bottom of the housing, a rotating shaft provided on the inner side of the vertical bar, multiple doors slidably connected below the slider, a post provided on one side of each door, a guide frame strip provided on the outer side of the post, an expandable seedling tray assembled from multiple movable doors, a sealed capillary water supply layer provided below the expandable seedling tray, a horizontally sliding movable extrusion plate provided below the sealed capillary water supply layer, and a mechanical linkage mechanism, one end of the mechanical linkage mechanism being connected to the movable part of the expandable seedling tray, and the other end being connected to the movable extrusion plate; The nutrient solution tank is located below the movable extrusion plate and is used to supply water or nutrient solution to the capillary water supply layer; the independent compartment is located outside the box door and is used for independent cultivation of corn. The cabinet door is hinged to the adjacent cabinet door via a pin, and is slidably connected to the outer frame via a guide frame strip; When the box door is opened, the movable squeezing plate is driven to slide through the mechanical linkage mechanism, which reduces the pressure area on the capillary water supply layer, thereby enhancing its water supply capacity.

[0005] Furthermore, the drive mechanism also includes a crank connecting rod, one end of which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the other end is hinged to the guide frame strip; The mechanical linkage mechanism includes a rigid connecting rod, one end of which is connected to a guide frame that moves synchronously with the door, and the other end is hinged to the movable extrusion plate.

[0006] Furthermore, multiple fixed water-absorbing columns are vertically arranged inside the capillary water supply layer. The upper end of the fixed water-absorbing column is fixed to the bottom of the planting hole of the seedling tray and extends downward into the capillary water supply layer.

[0007] Furthermore, the movable extrusion plate is provided with through holes corresponding to the position of the fixed water-absorbing column, so that the fixed water-absorbing column can pass through; the bottom of the movable extrusion plate is provided with rollers or sliders, and slides along a guide rail preset at the bottom of the device.

[0008] Furthermore, the card plate is disposed on the outside of the upright strip and is used to guide the guide frame strip.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes: multiple horizontal panels, located on the other side of the door, and corresponding to the independent compartments; There are multiple guide blocks, all of which are located on the outer side of the horizontal plate; Insert strips are installed by running through the horizontal board.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a water supply pipeline, which includes a conduit disposed on one side of the guide block, a valve disposed on the outside of the conduit, and a connecting valve pipe disposed below the valve, for transporting water or nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank to the capillary water supply layer.

[0011] Secondly, the present invention also provides a cultivation substrate for a corn cultivation device, applied to the aforementioned corn cultivation device, comprising: The sealed capillary water supply layer is made of a hydrophilic porous material that can be elastically compressed; Multiple fixed water-absorbing columns are vertically inserted into or embedded in the capillary water supply layer, and their upper ends are used to connect to the planting holes of the seedling tray. The water supply capacity of the capillary water supply layer varies with the degree to which it is compressed by the movable extrusion plate below.

[0012] The above-described solution of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: Through a purely mechanical linkage design, while the expandable seedling tray unfolds outward to provide a larger cultivation space, the movable squeezing plate is automatically driven to slide, relieving or reducing the pressure on the capillary water supply layer, thereby synchronously and adaptively enhancing the water supply capacity. This achieves a linkage match between the expansion of cultivation space and the increase in water supply demand, solving the problem of the disconnect between space and water and fertilizer management in traditional devices. Attached Figure Description

[0013] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the slider, nutrient solution tank, guide frame, and box door assembly is provided for embodiments of the present invention. Figure 3 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the combination of vertical strips and cardboard is provided for embodiments of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the combined structure of the rotating shaft, chassis, door, and plug provided in this embodiment of the invention; Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the box door, insert post, and upright structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the local structure at point C; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the combined structure of guide block, horizontal plate and movable extrusion plate provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the combination of the movable extrusion plate and the rigid connecting rod structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Outer frame; 2. Guide rail; 3. Vertical bar; 4. Chassis; 5. Door; 6. Insert column; 7. Guide frame bar; 8. Slider; 9. Nutrient solution tank; 10. Rotating shaft; 100. Clamping plate; 11. Independent compartment; 12. Capillary water supply layer; 13. Fixed water suction column; 14. Horizontal plate; 15. Guide block; 16. Insert bar; 17. Guide tube; 18. Valve; 19. Connecting valve pipe; 24. Movable extrusion plate; 25. Rigid connecting rod; 26. Crank connecting rod. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0016] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a corn cultivation device is characterized by comprising: an outer frame 1, a guide rail 2 fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer frame 1, a slider 8 slidably connected above the guide rail 2, a housing 4 fixedly connected to the top of the outer frame 1, a vertical bar 3 rotatably connected to the bottom of the housing 4, a rotating shaft 10 provided on the inner side of the vertical bar 3, multiple door 5 slidably connected below the slider 8, a post 6 provided on one side of each door 5, a guide frame 7 provided on the outer side of the post 6, and an expandable seedling tray composed of multiple movable door 5, a sealed capillary water supply layer 12 provided below the expandable seedling tray, a horizontally sliding movable extrusion plate 24 provided below the sealed capillary water supply layer 12, and a mechanical linkage mechanism, one end of which is connected to the movable part of the expandable seedling tray, and the other end of which is connected to the movable extrusion plate 24; Nutrient solution tank 9 is located below the movable extrusion plate 24 and is used to supply water or nutrient solution to the capillary water supply layer 12. Independent compartment 11 is located outside the box door 5, and the independent compartment 11 is used for independent cultivation of corn; When the expandable seedling tray expands outward, the movable squeezing plate 24 is driven to slide through the mechanical linkage mechanism to change the pressure state of the movable squeezing plate 24 on the capillary water supply layer 12, thereby adjusting the water supply capacity of the capillary water supply layer 12.

[0017] Specifically, the box door 5 has four sides, forming a whole seedling tray, with the insertion post 6 inserted between two adjacent box doors 5; the slider 8 can slide along the inside of the guide rail 2; the machine box 4 is equipped with a motor, and the drive end of the motor is connected to the rotating shaft 10, which is fixedly connected to the upright strip 3; the nutrient solution tank 9 located below the movable extrusion plate 24 is used to replenish water or nutrient solution to the capillary water supply layer 12; In practical application, the device is placed flat in a machine, and the motor inside the drive housing 4 is driven to work. The rotating shaft 10 is affected and rotates. After the rotating shaft 10 rotates, it pulls the door 5 to move. The door 5 is linked to the slider 8 to move. The slider 8 slides along the inside of the guide rail 2 to one side of the rotating shaft 10. After the slider 8 slides, it squeezes the door 5. The door 5 is folded together with the insert 6 as the center, so that the door 5 can be opened or opened. Then, corn seeds are sown on the top of the independent compartment 11 for planting. It has an adjustable function to make it more practical and storable.

[0018] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, the driving mechanism also includes a crank connecting rod 26. One end of the crank connecting rod 26 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 10, and the other end is hinged to the guide frame 7. When the motor drives the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, the crank connecting rod 26 drives the guide frame 7 to move along the guide rail 2, thereby linking the box door 5 to open or close, realizing the expansion and contraction of the seedling tray space. The mechanical linkage mechanism includes a rigid link 25, one end of which is connected to the guide frame 7 that moves synchronously with the door 5, and the other end is hinged to the movable pressing plate 24. Multiple fixed water-absorbing columns 13 are vertically arranged inside the capillary water supply layer 12. The upper end of the fixed water-absorbing column 13 is fixed to the bottom of the planting hole of the seedling tray and extends downward into the capillary water supply layer 12. The movable extrusion plate 24 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the position of the fixed water-absorbing column 13, so that the fixed water-absorbing column 13 can pass through; the bottom of the movable extrusion plate 24 is provided with a roller or slider, and slides along a guide rail preset at the bottom of the device. The card plate 100 is disposed on the outside of the upright strip 3 and is used to guide the guide frame strip 7; Multiple horizontal plates 14 are provided on the other side of the door 5 and correspond to the independent compartment 11. There are multiple guide blocks 15, all of which are arranged on the outer side of the horizontal plate 14; Insert 16 is installed through the horizontal plate 14; The water supply pipeline includes a conduit 17 disposed on one side of the guide block 15, a valve 18 disposed on the outside of the conduit 17, and a connecting valve pipe 19 disposed below the valve 18, for transporting water or nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank 9 to the capillary water supply layer 12.

[0019] Specifically, the card plate 100 is set on the outside of the upright strip 3 to limit and guide the sliding direction of the guide frame strip 7, ensuring that the guide frame strip 7 does not deviate when moving synchronously with the box door 5, and ensuring the transmission accuracy of the mechanical linkage mechanism; the independent compartment 11 has the function of independently planting and cultivating seeds; the capillary water supply layer 12 is used for water storage and treatment; the capillary water supply layer 12 has multiple channels for the fixed water absorption column 13 to be embedded in, supplying water to each planting hole; the horizontal plate 14 is used to adjust and support multiple guide blocks 15; the insert strip 16 is used to connect multiple horizontal plates 14 in series; the capillary water supply layer 12 is located above the movable extrusion plate 24, and a rigid connecting rod is set between the movable extrusion plate 24 and the guide frame strip 7; the conduit 17 is set through one side of the guide block 15, and the conduit 17 is connected to the main water inlet of the guide block 15.

[0020] In practical application, at the initial stage of seedling tray, the seedling tray is closed and the bottom movable squeezing plate 24 is in the compression position, which applies greater pressure to the capillary water supply layer 12 below, causing its capillary pores to be partially flattened, and it is in the basic water supply mode. When it is necessary to expand the cultivation space, the machine box 4 needs to be turned on, so that the box door 5 is opened under the drive of the rotating shaft 10. When the seedling tray is opened, the box door 5 will gradually open, and the lateral expansion will form a mechanical displacement, which will move together with the guide frame 7. When the guide frame 7 moves, it will contact the movable extrusion plate 24. The movable extrusion plate 24 is dragged laterally to one side through the rigid connecting rod, reducing the pressure area on the capillary water supply layer. The pressure on the area of ​​the originally compressed capillary water supply layer 12 is relieved, the internal capillary matrix rebounds, the porosity and hydrophilic channels are restored, and its capillary adsorption and water transport capacity are significantly enhanced, so as to automatically provide more sufficient water to the expanded growth space. A cultivation substrate for a corn cultivation device, applied to the corn cultivation device as described above, comprising: The sealed capillary water supply layer 12 is made of an elastically compressible hydrophilic porous material; Multiple fixed water-absorbing columns 13 vertically penetrate the capillary water supply layer 12, and their upper ends are used to connect to the planting hole; The water supply capacity of the capillary water supply layer 12 varies with the degree of compression it is subjected to. The cultivation substrate of the present invention has a sealed capillary water supply layer 12 made of highly absorbent resin, hydrophilic fiber felt, porous ceramic or other porous materials with good capillary effect and elastic recovery; the fixed water-absorbing column 13 can be made of absorbent materials such as cotton rope, non-woven strip, porous ceramic rod; the cultivation substrate protected by the claims of this application refers to the functional component composed of the sealed capillary water supply layer 12 and the fixed water-absorbing column 13; In practice, the independent compartment 11 can be filled with soil or ordinary seedling substrate, and the filler is located above or around the functional cultivation substrate.

[0021] Working Principle: The corn cultivation device and its supporting cultivation substrate described in this invention operate on the basis of the synergy between pure mechanical linkage and capillary physical effects, achieving automatic matching between the expansion of cultivation space and the enhancement of water supply capacity. Its working process mainly consists of two key states: the initial cultivation state with the seedling tray closed, and the growth and expansion state with the seedling tray expanded. In the early stages of cultivation or when compact cultivation is required, the expandable seedling tray can be in a retracted state. At this time, the box door 5 folds inward under the action of the drive mechanism and is hinged together by the insert 6 to form a small initial cultivation space. Simultaneously with this mechanical action, through the mechanical linkage mechanism composed of the guide frame 7 and the rigid connecting rod 25, the movable squeezing plate 24 is pushed to the pressing position below the capillary water supply layer 12. The movable squeezing plate 24 applies a large vertical pressure to the capillary water supply layer 12 made of elastically compressible hydrophilic material above, causing its internal capillary pores to be partially flattened and the hydrophilic channels to narrow. In this state, the ability of the capillary water supply layer 12 to absorb and transport water from the nutrient solution tank 9 below is limited to a low level, providing only the basic water to maintain seedling growth, which is a basic water supply mode. When the corn roots require more space to grow, the drive mechanism, such as the motor inside the housing 4, is activated. The motor drives the rotating shaft 10 to rotate, which in turn moves the crank connecting rod 26 fixed to it. The crank connecting rod 26 pulls the guide frame 7 to move outward along the guide rail 2. The movement of the guide frame 7 forces the box door 5, which is slidably connected to it, to flip outward around the insert 6 as the axis, while the slider 8 slides along the guide rail 2 to accommodate this movement. As a result, the physical cultivation space of the seedling tray is expanded; The key is that the outward movement of the guide frame 7 simultaneously drives the mechanical linkage mechanism; one end of the rigid connecting rod 25 is connected to the guide frame 7, and the other end is hinged to the movable extrusion plate 24. Therefore, the outward movement of the guide frame 7 drags the movable extrusion plate 24 through the rigid connecting rod 25, causing it to slide horizontally along the bottom guide rail and leave the original pressure position that completely covers the capillary water supply layer 12. The removal of the movable extrusion plate 24 relieves or significantly reduces the local pressure on the capillary water supply layer 12; the compressed elastic porous material inside the capillary water supply layer 12 rebounds, and its capillary pores and hydrophilic channels recover or increase. The rebound of the material directly leads to a significant enhancement of its capillary adsorption force and water transport capacity. At this time, the capillary water supply layer 12 can more efficiently draw water or nutrient solution from the nutrient solution tank 9 and deliver it more quickly to the planting holes of each expanded independent tank 11 through the fixed water-absorbing column 13 that runs vertically through it, providing sufficient water and fertilizer supply for the vigorous corn plants. This is the enhanced water supply mode.

[0022] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for corn cultivation, characterized in that, include: The outer frame (1) has a guide rail (2) fixedly installed on the inner side of the outer frame (1), a slider (8) slidably connected above the guide rail (2), a cabinet (4) fixedly connected to the top of the outer frame (1), a vertical bar (3) rotatably connected to the bottom of the cabinet (4), a rotating shaft (10) is provided on the inner side of the vertical bar (3), a plurality of box doors (5) are slidably connected below the slider (8), a plug (6) is provided on one side of the box door (5), a guide frame (7) is provided on the outer side of the plug (6), and an expandable seedling tray is assembled from a plurality of movable box doors (5). A sealed capillary water supply layer (12) is provided below the expandable seedling tray, a horizontally sliding movable extrusion plate (24) is provided below the sealed capillary water supply layer (12), and a set of mechanical linkage mechanism. One end of the mechanical linkage mechanism is connected to the movable part of the expandable seedling tray, and the other end is connected to the movable extrusion plate (24). Nutrient solution tank (9) is located below the movable extrusion plate (24) and is used to supply water or nutrient solution to the capillary water supply layer (12); the independent tank (11) is located outside the box door (5) and is used for independent cultivation of corn. The box door (5) is hinged to the adjacent box door through the insert (6) and slidably connected to the outer frame (1) through the guide frame strip (7); When the door (5) is opened, the movable extrusion plate (24) is driven to slide through the mechanical linkage mechanism, thereby reducing the pressure area on the capillary water supply layer (12) and enhancing its water supply capacity.

2. The device for corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism also includes a crank connecting rod (26), one end of which is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (10), and the other end is hinged to the guide frame (7); The mechanical linkage mechanism includes a rigid link (25), one end of which is connected to the guide frame (7) that moves synchronously with the door (5), and the other end is hinged to the movable extrusion plate (24).

3. The device for corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The capillary water supply layer (12) has multiple fixed water-absorbing columns (13) vertically arranged inside. The upper end of the fixed water-absorbing column (13) is fixed to the bottom of the planting hole of the seedling tray and extends downward into the capillary water supply layer (12).

4. The corn cultivation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The movable extrusion plate (24) is provided with a through hole corresponding to the position of the fixed water-absorbing column (13) so that the fixed water-absorbing column (13) can pass through; the bottom of the movable extrusion plate (24) is provided with a roller or slider and slides along a guide rail preset at the bottom of the device.

5. The device for corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The card plate (100) is located on the outside of the upright (3) and is used to guide the guide frame (7).

6. The device for corn cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A horizontal panel (14), having multiple panels, is located on the other side of the box door (5) and corresponds to the independent compartment (11); There are multiple guide blocks (15), all of which are set on the outside of the horizontal plate (14); Insert (16) is installed through the horizontal plate (14).

7. The corn cultivation device according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a water supply pipeline, which includes a conduit (17) disposed on one side of the guide block (15), a valve (18) disposed on the outside of the conduit (17), and a connecting valve pipe (19) disposed below the valve (18), for transporting water or nutrient solution in the nutrient solution tank (9) to the capillary water supply layer (12).

8. A cultivation substrate for a corn cultivation device, applied to the corn cultivation device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, include: The sealed capillary water supply layer (12) is made of a hydrophilic porous material that can be elastically compressed; Multiple fixed water-absorbing columns (13) are vertically penetrating or embedded in the capillary water supply layer (12), and their upper ends are used to connect to the planting holes of the seedling tray; The water supply capacity of the capillary water supply layer (12) varies with the degree to which it is compressed by the movable extrusion plate (24) below.

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