Application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in prevention and treatment of fungal diseases
By using 2-propyl-1-pentanol as a volatile organic compound, the problem of controlling soil-borne fungal diseases such as sclerotinia rot in rapeseed has been solved, achieving effective inhibition of various plant pathogenic fungi and preservation of fruits and vegetables.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511807778.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-03
AI Technical Summary
Existing technologies are insufficient to effectively control soil-borne fungal diseases such as sclerotinia stem rot in rapeseed, especially since these diseases spread widely in the soil and are difficult to control with conventional pesticides.
Using 2-propyl-1-pentanol as a volatile organic compound, and taking advantage of its small molecular weight and strong permeability, drugs and fumigants for the prevention and treatment of plant fungal infections were prepared for the inhibition of various plant pathogenic fungi such as Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Staphylococcus aureus.
2-Propyl-1-pentanol can significantly inhibit a variety of plant pathogenic fungi at low concentrations, and when used for fruit and vegetable preservation, it has a rapid and residue-free control effect.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of plant protection, specifically relating to the application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in the prevention and control of fungal diseases. Background Technology
[0002] Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, a fungal disease of rapeseed caused by *Sclertinia scLerotiorum* (Lib.) de Bary, primarily affects the stems, leaves, flowers, pods, and seeds of rapeseed. It is a global disease, with the most severe outbreaks in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the southeastern coastal areas of China, where the incidence rate is generally 10-30%, reaching over 80% in severely affected fields. The disease not only leads to yield reductions of 10-70% but also drastically reduces the oil content of seeds from infected plants, severely impacting rapeseed yield and quality. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a soil-borne disease, oversummering (in winter rapeseed areas) and overwintering (in winter and spring rapeseed areas) in the soil, diseased plant debris, and seeds. Under suitable conditions, *Sclertinia scLerotiorum* germinates and produces ascospores, which are then dispersed by air currents. Due to the wide range of transmission routes of soil-borne diseases, conventional pesticides are insufficient to cover all transmission pathways, especially in the soil. Screening can produce antifungal volatile substances, and by utilizing their rapid diffusion characteristics, they may have a good control effect on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum.
[0003] Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have small molecular weights (usually less than 300) and low boiling points, readily volatilizing into a gaseous state. They possess strong diffusivity and permeability, making them promising for applications in soil-borne diseases and post-harvest preservation. VOCs include terpenes, sulfur-containing compounds, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, esters, and phenols. Although medium- and long-chain alcohols generally have antibacterial properties, the degree and types of antibacterial activity vary significantly among different compounds. 2-propyl-1-pentanol, a common VOC, is frequently used as a chemical intermediate or starting material for synthetic compounds, or as a supplement in fragrance and flavor formulations; however, there are currently no reports of its ability to inhibit fungi. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides the application of the small molecule compound 2-propyl-1-pentanol (CAS No.: 58175-57-8) in the prevention and control of fungal diseases.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0006] The applicant screened and obtained 2-propyl-1-pentanol (CAS No.: 58175-57-8), which showed significant inhibitory activity against various plant pathogenic fungi. The molecular formula of 2-propyl-1-pentanol is C8H18O, and its structural formula is as follows:
[0007] .
[0008] The scope of protection of this invention includes:
[0009] Application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in the control of plant diseases caused by fungal infections, wherein the fungi are *Sclertinia scLerotiorum*, *Botrytis cinerea*, *Alternaria solani*, *Verticillium dahliae*, *Rhizoctonia solanum*, and / or *Thielaviopsis basicola* (Berk. and Br.) Ferraris.
[0010] The application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in the preparation of drugs for the prevention and control of plant fungal infections, wherein the fungi are *Sclertinia scLerotiorum*, *Botrytis cinerea*, *Alternaria solani*, *Verticillium dahliae*, *Rhizoctonia solanum*, and / or *Thielaviopsis basicola* (Berk. and Br.) Ferraris.
[0011] The application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in the preparation of fumigants for the prevention and control of plant fungal infections, wherein the fungi are *Sclertinia scLerotiorum*, *Botrytis cinerea*, *Alternaria solani*, *Verticillium dahliae*, *Rhizoctonia solanum*, and / or *Thielaviopsis basicola* (Berk. and Br.) Ferraris.
[0012] Application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in the preparation of preservatives for fruit transportation and storage.
[0013] In the above-described applications, when used to control diseases caused by Gracilaria globosa infection, the effective steric concentration of 2-propyl-1-pentanol is ≥ 67 μL.
[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in:
[0015] This invention reveals that 2-propyl-1-pentanol exhibits significant antifungal effects against plant pathogenic fungi. At a spatial concentration of 67 μL / L, 2-propyl-1-pentanol completely inhibits the growth of *Botrytis cinerea*, and also shows inhibitory effects against other plant pathogens such as early blight pathogens of tomato, wilt pathogens of cotton, sheath blight pathogens of rice, and root rot pathogens of tobacco. 2-propyl-1-pentanol has a small molecular weight, is highly volatile, and has strong penetrability. It can be used for the control of fungal diseases caused by *Botrytis cinerea* and other fungi on fruits and vegetables, and can also be used for postharvest preservation of fruits, offering rapid and residue-free effects. Detailed Implementation
[0016] The present invention will be further described below through embodiments to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present invention. However, the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical solutions described in the present invention are conventional solutions in the art; unless otherwise specified, the reagents or materials described are all from commercial sources.
[0017] Example 1:
[0018] Antibacterial tests of different volatile substances:
[0019] The inhibitory effects of compounds such as 5-methyl-2-hexanone, 2-methylbutyric acid, 2-heptanone, 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, 6-methyl-2-heptanone and 2-propyl-1-pentanol on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Staphylococcus aureus were determined by the double-plate method.
[0020] The center was inoculated with a suspension of plant pathogenic fungi (1×10⁻⁶). 6 PDA plates (2.5 μL / mL) were inverted onto LB plates. A small circular filter paper disc was placed on each LB plate, and 40, 20, 10, 5, 2.5, and 1.25 μL of the compound were added sequentially onto the filter paper disc. The plates were sealed with sealing film. After incubation at 28°C for 4 days, the diameter of the pathogenic fungal lesions was calculated, using an LB plate containing 40 μL of water as a control.
[0021] Calculate the inhibition rate using the following formula: Inhibition rate = (R... 空白 -R 化合物 ) / R 空白 × 100%, of which R 空白 R represents the diameter of plant pathogens growing on LB agar plates with added pure water. 化合物 The diameter of plant pathogens grown after adding different volumes of the compound is shown in Table 1. The effects of the compounds on various plant pathogenic fungi are also shown in Table 1.
[0022] Table 1. Inhibitory effects of volatile substances on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Staphylococcus aureus.
[0023]
[0024] - This indicates that even when the compound was added at a maximum volume of 40 u, it still did not show antibacterial activity, IC50. 50 The volume added when the inhibition rate is 50%, IC 95 The volume added when the test bacteria show no growth whatsoever.
[0025] Experimental results showed that, except for 2,5-dimethylpyrazine, all the tested compounds exhibited antifungal activity, with 2-methylbutyric acid and 2-propyl-1-pentanol showing the strongest activity. In double-sided plates, 1.2 μL and 2.4 μL of 2-methylbutyric acid and 2-propyl-1-pentanol significantly inhibited the growth of *Sclerotinia sclerotiorum*, while the concentrations that significantly inhibited the growth of *S. glaucus* were 4.8 μL and 1.3 μL, respectively. 2-methylbutyric acid completely inhibited the growth of both *Sclerotinia sclerotiorum* and *S. glaucus* at a concentration of 133 μL / L (the space volume of the double-sided plate is approximately 0.075 L), while 2-propyl-1-pentanol completely inhibited the growth of *S. glaucus* at a lower concentration of 67 μL / L. In postharvest preservation, adding a small amount of 2-propyl-1-pentanol to the storage container can effectively extend the storage time of fruits and vegetables.
[0026] Example 2:
[0027] Antibacterial spectrum of 2-propyl-1-pentanol:
[0028] The inhibitory effects of compounds such as 2-propyl-1-pentanol on other fungi (early blight of tomato, wilt of cotton, wilt of watermelon, sheath blight of rice, and root rot of tobacco) were determined using the double-plate inoculation method. A suspension of plant pathogenic fungi (1×10⁻⁶) was inoculated at the center. 6 PDA plates (2.5 μL / mL, 1 microgram / mL) were inverted onto LB plates. A small circular filter paper disc was placed on each LB plate, and 5 μL of 2-propyl-1-pentanol was added sequentially onto the filter paper disc. The plates were sealed with sealing film. After incubation at 28°C for 4 days, the diameter of the pathogenic fungal lesions was calculated, using LB plates containing 5 μL of water as a control.
[0029] Calculate the inhibition rate using the following formula: Inhibition rate = (R... 空白 -R 化合物 ) / R 空白 × 100%, where Rblank represents the diameter of plant pathogen growth on LB agar plates after the addition of pure water, and Rcompound represents the diameter of plant pathogen growth after the addition of the compound. The effects of adding 5 μL of 2-propyl-1-pentanol on various plant pathogenic fungi are shown in Table 2.
[0030] Table 2. Inhibitory effect of 2-propyl-1-pentanol on plant pathogenic fungi.
[0031]
[0032] Experimental results showed that, in addition to *Plasmodium styracifolium* and *Botrytis cinerea*, 2-propyl-1-pentanol also had inhibitory effects on plant pathogens such as *Early Blight* of tomato, *Fusarium wilt* of cotton, *Rhizoctonia solani* of rice, and *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* of tobacco. At 5 μL (space concentration 67 μL / L), it had a significant inhibitory effect on *Pseudomonas aeruginosa* of tobacco, with an inhibition rate of up to 48%.
[0033] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. Application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in the control of plant diseases caused by fungal infections, wherein the fungus is *Sclerotinia sclerotiorum* (…). ScLerotinia scLerotiorum ), Staphylococcus aureus ( Botrytis cinerea ), tomato early blight pathogen ( Alternaria solani ), cotton wilt pathogen ( Verticillium dahliae Rice sheath blight pathogen ( Rhizoctonia soLani ) or / and tobacco root rot fungus ( Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. and Br.) Ferraris ).
2. The application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in the preparation of drugs for preventing and treating plant fungal infections, wherein the fungus is *Sclerotinia sclerotiorum* (…). ScLerotinia scLerotiorum ), Staphylococcus aureus ( Botrytis cinerea ), tomato early blight pathogen ( Alternaria solani ), cotton wilt pathogen ( Verticillium dahliae Rice sheath blight pathogen ( Rhizoctonia soLani ) or / and tobacco root rot fungus ( Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. and Br.) Ferraris ).
3. The application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in the preparation of fumigants for the prevention and control of plant fungal infections, wherein the fungus is *Sclerotinia sclerotiorum* (…). ScLerotinia scLerotiorum ), Staphylococcus aureus ( Botrytis cinerea ), tomato early blight pathogen ( Alternaria solani ), cotton wilt pathogen ( Verticillium dahliae Rice sheath blight pathogen ( Rhizoctonia soLani ) or / and tobacco root rot fungus ( Thielaviopsis basicola (Berk. and Br.) Ferraris ).
4. Application of 2-propyl-1-pentanol in the preparation of preservatives for fruit transportation and storage.
5. The application according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: When used to control Gracilaria glaucus infection, the effective steric concentration of 2-propyl-1-pentanol is ≥ 67 μL.