Compound pellet feed for fattening male goats as well as preparation method and application of compound pellet feed

Abstract

The invention relates to a compound pellet feed for fattening male goats as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the compound pellet feed comprises the following raw material fresh base components in percentage by mass: 30-50% of corn, 20-40% of grass straw powder, 5-16% of soybean meal, 0-10% of double-low rapeseed meal, 0-8% of corn dry whole alcohol lees, 0-8% of corn germ meal, 0-8% of guniting corn bran, 0-8% of barley malt roots, 1-1.55% of sodium chloride, 1-1.5% of stone powder and 0.4-0.5% of coated ammonium chloride, 0 to 0.2 percent of sodium bicarbonate, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of calcified seaweed and 0.6 to 2 percent of premix; grass straw powder is adopted, long and short fiber raw materials, rich protein raw materials and energy feed are mixed, and the modulation temperature is controlled, so that the compound pellet feed is good in pellet forming effect, high in stability, high in hardness and good in palatability, the feed intake of goats can be increased, rumination can be stimulated, and the daily gain can be increased; the magnesium ammonium phosphate type urinary stone of the barn-feeding male goat can also be effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of animal feed technology, specifically to a compound pelleted feed for fattening male goats, its preparation method and application, and especially to the prevention of magnesium ammonium phosphate urinary stones in male goats raised in intensive fattening mode. Background Technology

[0002] With the promotion of stall feeding and intensive fattening techniques for meat sheep, factors such as increased stocking density, reduced activity space, insufficient exercise, monotonous feed structure, high concentrate levels, and insufficient water intake can easily lead to the formation or retention of salt crystals, mainly phosphates and calcium carbonate, in the renal pelvis, ureter, and urethra of sheep. These crystals can become embedded in the urethra, causing urinary dysfunction and subsequently leading to urinary organ inflammation, resulting in urinary calculi. Urinary calculi are considered the fifth leading cause of death in livestock farms, and are most prevalent in male goats. The main type of calculi in production is magnesium ammonium phosphate calculi, which are white, irregularly shaped, and also known as infectious calculi. They grow rapidly, forming within 4-6 weeks, causing symptoms such as difficulty urinating, loss of appetite, lethargy, and abdominal pain in sheep. This not only affects the growth performance of sheep but can also lead to death in severe cases, causing significant economic losses to farmers.

[0003] In actual production, urinary stones are rare in fattening sheep, but common in fattening male goats, primarily of the magnesium ammonium phosphate type. While some existing feeds can prevent urinary stones in sheep, they lack specificity. In intensive fattening, high-concentration concentrates are often used, resulting in high starch levels and a higher likelihood of frequent urinary stone formation. Furthermore, existing feeds are often incomplete, failing to consider the poor environment of sheep pens and the high risk of bacterial infection. These microorganisms produce urease, which decomposes urea to produce ammonia, alkalizing the urine and creating conditions conducive to stone formation, as well as causing urinary tract infections. In addition, existing feeds mostly rely on ammonium chloride for regulation, with limited research on promoting rumination through the selection of different feed ingredients.

[0004] There are currently no reports of magnesium ammonium phosphate urinary stones in male goats raised in intensive fattening conditions with adequate preventative measures. Furthermore, the current situation lacks specificity for preventing magnesium ammonium phosphate stones, fails to consider the impact of poor intensive feeding environments on pathogens producing urease, which decomposes urea to produce ammonia, alkalizing the urine and creating conditions conducive to stone formation, and thus affects fattening goats. Therefore, no effective solutions have been proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address at least one deficiency in the prior art by providing a compound pelleted feed for fattening male goats, its preparation method, and its application. This addresses the problems in the related art, such as the lack of reports on magnesium ammonium phosphate urinary stones in male goats raised in intensive fattening conditions, the lack of specificity for magnesium ammonium phosphate stones, and the failure to consider the poor intensive feeding environment leading to the production of urease by pathogenic microorganisms, which decomposes urea to produce ammonia, alkalizes the urine, creates conditions for stone formation, and negatively impacts the fattening goats.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a compound pelleted feed for fattening male goats, wherein the raw material composition of the compound pelleted feed comprises, by weight percentage: 30-50% corn, 20-40% straw, 5-16% soybean meal, 0-10% low-erucic acid rapeseed meal, 0-8% corn dry distillers grains, 0-8% corn germ meal, 0-8% sprayed corn husks, 0-8% barley sprouts, 1-1.55% sodium chloride, 1-1.55% limestone powder, 0.4-0.5% coated ammonium chloride, 0-0.2% sodium bicarbonate, 0.3-0.5% calcified seaweed, and 0.6%-2% premix.

[0007] Furthermore, the straw includes: soybean straw powder, peanut straw powder, and wheat straw powder, wherein, by mass percentage, soybean straw powder: peanut straw powder: wheat straw powder = (5~20): (5~20): (0~20).

[0008] Further, the compound pelleted feed comprises, by weight percentage: 31-45% corn, 18-22% soybean straw powder, 6-9% peanut straw powder, 0-9% wheat straw powder, 6-10% soybean meal, 5-8% low-erucic acid rapeseed meal, 0-8% corn dry ethanol concentrate, 3-5% corn germ meal, 3.3-4.3% barley sprouts and roots, 2-3% sprayed corn husks, 1.55% sodium chloride, 1.4% limestone powder, 0.45% coated ammonium chloride, 0.2% sodium bicarbonate, 0.3% calcified seaweed, and 1.1% premix.

[0009] Furthermore, the compound pelleted feed also includes acetoxyxamic acid, wherein the mass fraction of acetoxyxamic acid is 6%.

[0010] Further, the premix contains vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine, cobalt, and selenium. Each kilogram of the premix contains: 1,030,000 to 1,070,000 IU of vitamin A, 142,500 to 144,500 IU of vitamin D3, 6,500 to 7,500 IU of vitamin E, 4,300 to 4,700 mg of iron, 850 to 900 mg of copper, 3,350 to 3,500 mg of manganese, 5,100 to 5,200 mg of zinc, 87 to 93 mg of iodine, 40 to 44 mg of cobalt, 33 to 37 mg of selenium, 5% of a fungicide, 2% of an antioxidant, and a carrier. The carrier is zeolite powder, and the above weights represent the mass of the corresponding trace elements.

[0011] Preferably, each kilogram of premix contains: 1,050,000 IU of vitamin A (VA), 143,500 IU of vitamin D3 (VD3), 0,000 IU of vitamin E (VE), 4,500 mg of iron (Fe, from ferrous sulfate), 875 mg of copper (Cu, from copper sulfate), 3,450 mg of manganese (Mn, from manganese sulfate), 5,190 mg of zinc (Zn, from zinc sulfate), 91 mg of iodine (I, from calcium iodate), 42 mg of cobalt (Co, from cobalt chloride), and 35 mg of selenium (Se, from sodium selenite).

[0012] Furthermore, the difference between cation and anion charge (DCAD) of the compound pelleted feed is 0~30 meq / kg; preferably 4.51~13.96 meq / kg DM.

[0013] A second aspect of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing compound pelleted feed as described in the first aspect, comprising the following steps: S1. First, crush the corn into kernels to obtain corn kernels, and then crush the soybean straw, peanut straw and wheat straw into straw powder respectively. S2. Weigh out the following ingredients according to the following mass ratios: 30-50% corn kernels, 20-40% straw, 5-16% soybean meal, 0-10% low-erucic acid rapeseed meal, 0-8% corn dry ethanol residue, 0-8% corn germ meal, 0-8% sprayed corn husks, 0-8% barley sprouts, 1-1.55% sodium chloride, 1-1.55% limestone powder, 0.4-0.5% coated ammonium chloride, 0-0.2% sodium bicarbonate, 0.3-0.5% calcified seaweed, and 0.6%-2% premix. Mix them evenly and then condition them with steam to obtain the mixture. S3. The mixture is granulated and cooled to obtain compound pelleted feed.

[0014] Further, in step S2, the conditioning is performed by adding 4-7% water using steam at a pressure of 0.25-0.4 MPa and a temperature of 60-65°C; preferably, 5% water is added for conditioning.

[0015] Understandably, during implementation, the granulation process and the main unit ammeter can be observed, and the feed rate and steam rate can be adjusted accordingly.

[0016] Further, in step S3, the granulation is to press the mixture into granules at a temperature of 60~65℃, wherein the granule diameter is 5~7.0 mm, the aspect ratio is (9~12):1, and the granule length is 2.0~3.0 cm; preferably, the granule diameter is 6.0 mm and the aspect ratio is 11:1.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S3, the cooling process involves passing the hot compound feed pellets after pelleting into a counter-current cooler for cooling, during which some of the moisture in the pellets is removed.

[0018] Furthermore, in step S3, the temperature of the cooled compounded particles is no higher than room temperature by 3~5℃.

[0019] Furthermore, the moisture content of the cooled pellets is less than 13.5%; preferably, the moisture content of the pellets is less than 12.5%, and in northern regions, the moisture content of the pellets can be controlled to be less than 13.5%.

[0020] Understandably, the material layer thickness (level gauge) can be adjusted according to the cooling time, and the opening degree of the cooling air duct regulating valve can be adjusted according to the cooling air volume requirement.

[0021] Furthermore, the compounded pelleted feed has a hardness ≥80 N and a pulverization rate ≤4%.

[0022] The third aspect of the present invention is to provide a feeding method for compound pelleted feed using the first aspect or the second aspect, wherein fattening male goats are raised in free-range pen and fed the compound pelleted feed twice a day, morning and evening, with free access to food and water.

[0023] Furthermore, when fattening male goats were fed using the aforementioned feeding method, the daily weight gain of the fattening male goats was 187.58~218.63g / d.

[0024] Furthermore, fattening male goats were fed using the aforementioned feeding method, with a feed intake of 0.92~1.37 kg / d.

[0025] Furthermore, feeding fattening male goats using the aforementioned feeding method reduces the incidence of magnesium ammonium phosphate urinary stones by 10-12% and the mortality rate of magnesium ammonium phosphate urinary stones by 6-7%.

[0026] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art: This invention uses straw powder to mix long and short fiber raw materials, rich protein raw materials, and energy feed. Coated ammonium chloride is used (to avoid affecting palatability), and the mixing temperature is controlled to achieve good pelleting effect, high stability, high hardness (hardness ≥80 N, pulverization rate ≤4%), and good palatability. In fattening male goats, it can increase feed intake, stimulate rumination, and improve daily weight gain. By controlling the daily feed salt content at 1.5~2.0% DM, it encourages goats to drink more water, dilutes urine ion concentration, and promotes urine excretion. Acetoxyxamic acid chelates with urease, thereby inhibiting urease activity, inhibiting urea hydrolysis, lowering urine pH and ammonia levels, and preventing stone formation. The combined use of coated ammonium chloride, low DCAD value raw materials, and calcified seaweed controls the cation-anion difference (DCAD) in the diet to 0~30 meq / kg. DM acidifies urine, effectively preventing the formation of urinary stones; it also allows for the full development and utilization of unconventional feed resources and by-products from bulk raw material processing, achieving cost reduction and efficiency improvement. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Experimental methods in the following embodiments that do not specify specific conditions are generally determined according to national standards. Experimental materials in the following embodiments that do not specify the source are all commercially available raw materials. The equipment used in each step of the following embodiments are all conventional equipment. If there is no corresponding national standard, it is carried out according to general international standards, conventional conditions, or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. Unless otherwise stated, all parts are parts by weight, and all percentages are percentages by mass. Unless otherwise defined or stated, all professional and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as those skilled in the art. In addition, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described can be applied to the methods of the present invention.

[0028] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments, but this is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0029] Other manufacturers not specifically labeled in the examples can be obtained through commercial purchases.

[0030] The present invention will be described by way of example below.

[0031] Example 1 This embodiment relates to a specific formulated pellet feed for stall-fed male goats under an intensive fattening model.

[0032] The compound pelleted feed, by weight percentage, includes: corn 30-50%, straw 20-40%, soybean meal 5-16%, low-erucic acid rapeseed meal 0-10%, corn dry ethanol concentrate 0-8%, corn germ meal 0-8%, sprayed corn husk 0-8%, barley sprouts 0-8%, sodium chloride 1-1.55%, limestone powder 1-1.5%, coated ammonium chloride 0.4-0.5%, sodium bicarbonate 0-0.2%, calcified seaweed 0.3-0.5%, and premix 0.6%-1.2%.

[0033] Among them, straw powder includes: soybean straw powder, peanut straw powder and wheat straw powder. The ratio of soybean straw powder: peanut straw powder: wheat straw powder is (5~20): (5~20): (5~20) by mass percentage.

[0034] The premix contains vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iodine (I), cobalt (Co), and selenium (Se). Each kilogram of premix contains: 1,030,000 to 1,070,000 IU of vitamin A, 142,500 to 144,500 IU of vitamin D3, 6,500 to 7,500 IU of vitamin E, 4,300 to 4,700 mg of iron, 850 to 900 mg of copper, 3,350 to 3,500 mg of manganese, 5,100 to 5,200 mg of zinc, 87 to 93 mg of iodine, 40 to 44 mg of cobalt, 33 to 37 mg of selenium, 5 to 7.5% acetyloxyoxime acid, 5% antifungal agent, 2% antioxidant, and the remainder is a carrier (zeolite powder).

[0035] The composition of compound pelleted feed also includes the difference between cation and anion charge (DCAD), and the amount of DCAD added is 0~30 meq / kg. DCAD (mEq / kg DM) = (Na++K+)-(Cl-+ S2-).

[0036] Example 2 This embodiment relates to a specific method for preparing compound pelleted feed, and the prepared compound pelleted feed is named fattening feed I. The method specifically includes the following steps: 1. First, crush the corn into kernels to obtain corn kernels, and then crush the soybean stalks, peanut stalks, and wheat stalks into wheat straw powder; 2. Weigh the raw materials according to the mass ratio in the following formula, and mix them evenly. The formula composition and premix composition are shown below; The compound pelleted feed, by weight percentage, includes: corn 30%~40%, straw powder 30%~40%, soybean meal 5%~10%, low-erucic acid rapeseed meal 5%~10%, corn dry ethanol concentrate 0%~8%, corn germ meal 0%~8%, sprayed corn husk 0%~8%, barley sprouts 0%~8%, sodium chloride 1%~1.55%, limestone powder 1%~1.5%, coated ammonium chloride 0.4%~0.5%, sodium bicarbonate 0%~0.2%, calcified seaweed 0.3%~0.5%, and premix 0.8%~1.2%.

[0037] Among them, the mass percentage of straw powder is: soybean straw powder: peanut straw powder: wheat straw powder = (5~20): (5~20): (5~20).

[0038] The premix contains vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iodine (I), cobalt (Co), and selenium (Se). Each kilogram of premix contains: 1,030,000 to 1,070,000 IU of vitamin A, 142,500 to 144,500 IU of vitamin D3, 6,500 to 7,500 IU of vitamin E, 4,300 to 4,700 mg of ferrous sulfate, 850 to 900 mg of copper sulfate, 3,350 to 3,500 mg of manganese sulfate, 5,100 to 5,200 mg of zinc sulfate, 87 to 93 mg of calcium iodate, 40 to 44 mg of cobalt chloride, 33 to 37 mg of sodium selenite, 6% acetyloxyoxime acid, 5% antifungal agent, 2% antioxidant, and the remainder is a carrier.

[0039] 3. Condition the mixed raw materials with steam, specifically: use a stable steam pressure of 0.25~0.4Mpa, condition the temperature at 60~65℃, and add 4~7% water at the conditioning temperature of 60~65℃ to obtain the mixture; 4. Press the mixture into pellets at 60-65℃, with a pellet diameter of 5-7.0 mm, an aspect ratio of (9-12):1, and a pellet length of 2.0-3.0 cm. Then, use a counter-current cooler to gradually cool the pressed pellets to near room temperature. The temperature of the cooled pellets should not exceed room temperature by 3-5℃, and some moisture should be removed from the pellets. The moisture content of the pellets should be below 12.5%, and the longer the storage time, the lower the moisture content should be. In dry northern climates, the moisture content can be slightly higher, as long as it is below 13.5%. After grading and screening, the compound pelleted feed is obtained for fattening.

[0040] Example 3 This embodiment relates to a specific method for preparing compound pelleted feed. The preparation steps and premix composition are exactly the same as in Example 2, except that the raw material composition ratio is different. The obtained compound pelleted feed is named Fattening II.

[0041] The raw material composition of this embodiment, by mass percentage, includes: corn 45%~50%, straw powder 20~30%, soybean meal 8~16%, low-erucic acid rapeseed meal 0~10%, corn dry whole alcohol residue 0~8%, corn germ meal 0~8%, sprayed corn husk 0~8%, barley sprout root 0~8%, sodium chloride 1~1.55%, limestone powder 1~1.5%, coated ammonium chloride 0.4~0.5%, sodium bicarbonate 0~0.2%, premix 0.8%~1.2%, and special calcified seaweed 0.3~0.5%.

[0042] Among them, the mass percentage of straw powder is as follows: soybean straw powder: peanut straw powder: wheat straw powder = (5~20): (5~20): (0~20).

[0043] Example 4 This embodiment is based on the preparation methods of Embodiments 2 and 3. The compound pelleted feed was prepared and tested to verify the effect of intensive fattening mode on magnesium ammonium phosphate urinary stones (hereinafter referred to as stones) in male goats raised in intensive fattening mode.

[0044] 1. Feed preparation: Experimental group 1 used compound pellet feed 1 (using the formula of fattening I): the raw materials were composed of the following by mass percentage: corn pellets 31%, soybean straw powder 20%, soybean meal 6%, peanut straw powder 9%, wheat straw powder 9%, low-erucic acid rapeseed meal 8%, corn dry whole alcohol residue 3.3%, corn germ meal 3%, barley sprout root 3%, sprayed corn husk 3%, sodium chloride 1.55%, limestone powder 1.4%, premix 0.8%, calcified seaweed 0.3%, coated ammonium chloride 0.45%, and sodium bicarbonate 0.2%.

[0045] Control group 1 feed formulation: 1% sodium bicarbonate, 1% sodium chloride, 0.3% calcified seaweed without addition, 0.45% coated ammonium chloride, 19.5% soybean straw, and the remaining components are the same as compound pellet feed 1. Then, the compound pellet feed is obtained by pelleting and cooling using the preparation methods and parameters of Example 2 or Example 3.

[0046] Experimental group 2 used compound pellet feed 2 (using the fattening II formula): the raw materials were composed of the following by mass percentage: corn kernels 45%, soybean straw 20%, soybean meal 10%, peanut straw 6%, low-erucic acid rapeseed meal 5%, corn germ meal 3%, barley sprouts 3.3%, sprayed corn husks 3%, sodium chloride 1.55%, limestone powder 1.4%, core premix 0.8%, calcified seaweed 0.3%, coated ammonium chloride 0.45%, and sodium bicarbonate 0.2%; then, the compound pellet feed was obtained by pelleting and cooling using the preparation methods and parameters of Example 2 or Example 3.

[0047] Control group 2 feed formulation: 1% sodium bicarbonate, 1% sodium chloride, 0.3% calcified seaweed without addition, 0.45% coated ammonium chloride, 19.5% soybean straw, and the remaining components are the same as compound pellet feed 2. Then, the compound pellet feed is obtained by pelleting and cooling using the preparation methods and parameters of Example 2 or Example 3.

[0048] The premix ratios of compound pelleted feed 1 and compound pelleted feed 2 are the same.

[0049] The premix of either pelleted feed 1 or pelleted feed 2 in the experimental group contained vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iodine (I), cobalt (Co), and selenium (Se). Each kilogram of premix contained: VA: 1,050,000 IU, VD3: 143,500 IU, VE: 7,000 IU, Fe: 4,500 mg, Cu: 875 mg, Mn: 3,450 mg, Zn: 5,190 mg, iodine: 91 mg, Co: 42 mg, Se: 35 mg, 6% acetyloxyoxime acid, 5% antifungal agent, 2% antioxidant, and the remainder was a carrier.

[0050] 2. Experiment I Two hundred white goats weighing 15-18 kg (from a cross between Bodo goats and Yangtze River Delta white goats), all uncastrated fattening male goats, were selected and randomly divided into two groups: control group 1 and experimental group 1, with 100 goats in each group. The diet of control group 1 did not contain acetyloxyoxime, 1% sodium bicarbonate, no coated ammonium chloride or calcified seaweed, and no adjustment of the DCAD value of the feed. Salt was 1%, and the proportions of other feed ingredients and nutritional indicators were the same as those of experimental group 1 (refer to the feed formulation of control group 1 above). The diet of experimental group 1 had a controlled DCAD value of 4.51 meq / kg DM and 1.55% salt, i.e., it used the compound pelleted feed 1 prepared in this example.

[0051] The experiment was conducted from October to December, with a 5-day pre-test period and a 90-day formal test period, for a total of 95 days.

[0052] Instructions for use: White goats were raised in free-range enclosures and fed pelleted feed twice daily, morning and evening, with free access to food and water. The condition of the white goats in experimental group 1 and control group 1 was recorded separately.

[0053] 3. Experiment II Two hundred white goats weighing 30-32 kg (from a cross between Bodo goats and Yangtze River Delta white goats), all uncastrated fattening male goats, were selected and randomly divided into two groups: control group 2 and experimental group 2, with 100 goats in each group. The diet of control group 2 did not contain acetoxyxamic acid, 1% sodium bicarbonate, no coated ammonium chloride or calcified seaweed, and no adjustment of the DCAD value of the feed. Salt was 1%, and the proportions of other feed ingredients and nutritional indicators of the diet were the same as those of the experimental group (refer to the feed formulation of control group 2 above). The diet of experimental group 2 had a controlled DCAD value of 13.96 meq / kg DM and 1.55% salt, i.e., it used the compound pelleted feed 2 prepared in this example.

[0054] The experiment was conducted from June to August, with a 5-day pre-test period and a 90-day formal test period, for a total of 95 days.

[0055] Instructions for use: Free-range feeding, twice daily (morning and evening) with free access to feed and water. Record the condition of the white goats in both the experimental and control groups.

[0056] 4. Results Analysis The recorded experimental data were first processed using EXCEL, and then statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0 statistical software. The criteria for judging differences were: P ≤ 0.05 indicates a significant difference, and 0.05 < P ≤ 0.10 indicates a difference that tends to be significant.

[0057] The effects of formulated pelleted feed on average feed intake and daily weight gain in goats are shown in Table 1. Table 1 shows that in Experiment I, the dry matter intake of the control group and the experimental group was 0.78 kg / d and 0.92 kg / d, respectively; in Experiment II, the dry matter intake of the control group and the experimental group was 1.15 kg / d and 1.37 kg / d, respectively. The differences in dry matter intake, initial body weight, final body weight, and daily weight gain between the control group and the experimental group were significant (P < 0.05).

[0058] Table 1. Effects of formulated pelleted feed on average feed intake and daily weight gain in goats. The effects of compound pelleted feed on the morbidity and mortality of goat urinary stones are shown in Table 2. Table 2 shows that in Experiment I, there were differences in the morbidity and mortality of goat urinary stones between control group 1 and experimental group 1. In control group 1, the morbidity rate was 10% and the mortality rate was 6%; in experimental group 1, both the morbidity and mortality rates were 0, representing a 10% decrease in morbidity and a 6% decrease in mortality. In Experiment II, there were also differences in the morbidity and mortality of goat urinary stones between control group 2 and experimental group 2. In control group 2, the morbidity rate was 12% and the mortality rate was 7%; in experimental group 2, both the morbidity and mortality rates were 0, representing a 12% decrease in morbidity and a 7% decrease in mortality.

[0059] Table 2. Effects of sheep compound pelleted feed on the incidence and mortality of urinary stones. In summary, the compound pelleted feed prepared using the method of this invention, through innovative basic formulation, adds acetyloxyoxime acid, sodium bicarbonate, coated ammonium chloride, calcified seaweed, salt, etc., and adjusts the DCAD value, so that the various components in the formulation complement each other. The combined use of these components makes the prepared compound pelleted feed product highly stable and has high pellet hardness. This not only improves the palatability of the product and stimulates rumination, but also increases the feed intake and daily weight gain of white goats. It can effectively prevent magnesium ammonium phosphate urinary stones in male goats raised in intensive fattening mode, and has broad application prospects in the goat farming industry.

[0060] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the implementation and protection scope of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should realize that any equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the content of this specification should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A compound pelleted feed for fattening male goats, characterized in that, The raw material composition of the compound pelleted feed, by mass percentage, includes: corn 30-50%, straw powder 20-40%, soybean meal 5-16%, low-erucic acid rapeseed meal 0-10%, corn dry ethanol residue 0-8%, corn germ meal 0-8%, sprayed corn husk 0-8%, barley sprout root 0-8%, sodium chloride 1-1.55%, limestone powder 1-1.5%, coated ammonium chloride 0.4-0.5%, sodium bicarbonate 0-0.2%, calcified seaweed 0.3-0.5%, and premix 0.6%-2%.

2. The compound pelleted feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw powder includes: soybean straw powder, peanut straw powder, and wheat straw powder, wherein, by mass percentage, soybean straw powder: peanut straw powder: wheat straw powder = (5~20): (5~20): (0~20).

3. The compound pelleted feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compound pelleted feed also includes acetoxyxamic acid, wherein the mass fraction of acetoxyxamic acid is 6%.

4. The compound pelleted feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The premix contains vitamin A, vitamin D3, vitamin E, iron, copper, manganese, zinc, iodine, cobalt, and selenium. Each kilogram of the premix contains: 1,030,000 to 1,070,000 IU of vitamin A, 142,500 to 144,500 IU of vitamin D3, 6,500 to 7,500 IU of vitamin E, 4,300 to 4,700 mg of iron, 850 to 900 mg of copper, 3,350 to 3,500 mg of manganese, 5,100 to 5,200 mg of zinc, 87 to 93 mg of iodine, 40 to 44 mg of cobalt, 33 to 37 mg of selenium, 5% of antifungal agent, 2% of antioxidant, and a carrier.

5. The compound pelleted feed according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anion-cation difference of the compound pelleted feed on a dry basis is 4~14 meq / kg.

6. A method for preparing compound pelleted feed as described in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. First, crush the corn into kernels to obtain corn kernels, and then crush the soybean straw, peanut straw and wheat straw into straw powder respectively. S2. Weigh out the following ingredients according to the following mass ratios: 30-50% corn kernels, 20-40% straw powder, 5-16% soybean meal, 0-10% low-erucic acid rapeseed meal, 0-8% corn dry whole alcohol residue, 0-8% corn germ meal, 0-8% sprayed corn husks, 0-8% barley sprouts, 1-1.55% sodium chloride, 1-1.5% limestone powder, 0.4-0.5% coated ammonium chloride, 0-0.2% sodium bicarbonate, 0.3-0.5% calcified seaweed, and 0.6%-2% premix. Mix them evenly and then transfer them to a conditioning unit. Steam is used for conditioning to obtain the mixture. S3. Pelletize the prepared mixture and cool it to obtain compound pelleted feed.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S2, the conditioning process involves: using steam at a pressure of 0.25~0.4 MPa and a temperature of 60~65℃, adding 4~7% water via steam; and / or In step S3, the granulation involves pressing the mixture into granules at a temperature of 60-65°C, wherein the granule diameter is 5-7.0 mm, the aspect ratio is (9-12):1, and the granule length is 2.0-3.0 cm; and / or In step S3, the cooling process involves passing the hot compounded feed pellets after pelleting into a counter-current cooler for cooling.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S3, the temperature of the cooled compounded particles is no higher than room temperature by 3-5°C; and / or The moisture content of the cooled granules is less than 13.5%.

9. A feeding method for compound pelleted feed prepared using any one of the compound pelleted feeds as described in claims 1-5 or the preparation method as described in any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that, Fattening male goats are raised in free-range enclosures and fed the formulated pelleted feed twice a day, morning and evening, with free access to food and water.

10. The feeding method according to claim 9, characterized in that, When fattening male goats are fed using the aforementioned feeding method, their daily weight gain is 187.58~218.63 g / d; and / or When fattening male goats are fed using the feeding method described above, the feed intake of the fattening male goats is 0.92~1.37 kg / d.

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