Drilling and tapping device for shaft workpieces

Abstract

The invention relates to a drilling and tapping device for shaft workpieces, and relates to the field of intelligent machining equipment, the drilling and tapping device comprises a workbench, a rotation driving assembly, a material carrying device and a machining device, and a driving shaft of the rotation driving assembly is parallel to a first direction and rotatably connected to the workbench around the axis of the driving shaft; the driving shaft is provided with five material loading devices which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the driving shaft, the five material loading devices are respectively located at a feeding station, a drilling station, a tapping station, a cleaning station and a discharging station when the five material loading devices are located at an indexing position, each material loading device comprises a connecting frame, a material loading plate and a material loading seat, and the machining device comprises a drilling assembly and a tapping assembly and is further provided with structures such as a material clamping assembly, a split ring and a guide seat and a plate turning assembly. The machining method has the effect of improving the machining efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of intelligent machining equipment, and in particular to a drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of intelligent machining equipment for mechanical processing, the machining of shaft workpieces is an important link, especially the drilling and tapping processes, whose machining quality and efficiency directly affect the final performance and production benefits of shaft workpieces.

[0003] In the past, drilling and tapping of shaft-type workpieces typically employed traditional methods. One common approach involved manually operating ordinary drilling and tapping machines. Workers had to manually clamp the workpiece and then perform drilling and tapping operations sequentially. This method relied heavily on worker experience and skill, making the process quite cumbersome. Another approach used simple automated equipment that combined drilling and tapping, but loading and positioning still required manual assistance, resulting in a low level of automation.

[0004] However, these traditional drilling and tapping methods have significant drawbacks. Manual operation is not only inefficient but also struggles to guarantee consistent machining accuracy, making it prone to human error. While simple automated equipment improves efficiency to some extent, the presence of manual assistance still creates bottlenecks for further efficiency gains. Therefore, providing a device to improve machining efficiency is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To improve processing efficiency, this application provides a drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces.

[0006] The drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: A drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces includes a worktable, a rotation drive assembly, a material loading device, and a processing device. The rotating component includes: A drive shaft, which is parallel to a first direction and rotatably connected to the worktable about its own axis; The drive shaft is provided with five material loading devices, and the five material loading devices are evenly distributed around the drive shaft. When the drive shaft is in the indexing position, the five material loading devices are respectively located at the loading station, drilling station, tapping station, cleaning station and unloading station in sequence. The material loading device includes: A connecting frame fixedly connected to the drive shaft; The material carrier plate is located inside the connecting frame. The material carrier plate is rotatably connected to the connecting frame through the first rotating shaft. When the drive shaft is in the indexing position, the first rotating shaft is provided on each of the five sides of the regular pentagon coaxial with the drive shaft. In addition, a material carrier fixedly connected to the surface of the material carrier plate, wherein a material carrier hole is formed at one end of the material carrier away from the material carrier, and when the material carrier is in the feeding position, drilling position and tapping position, the depth of the material carrier hole is parallel to the first direction. The processing device includes a drilling assembly and a tapping assembly connected to the worktable; the drilling assembly is located near the drilling station and is used to drill holes in the part located at the drilling station; the tapping assembly is located near the tapping station and is used to tap the part located at the tapping station.

[0007] Optionally, the sidewall of the material carrier is provided with a plurality of through holes communicating with the material loading hole; The material loading device further includes a plurality of clamping assemblies connected to the material loading base, with each of the perforations having one clamping assembly; the clamping assembly includes: A clamping block, which is capable of sliding back and forth between the through hole and the loading hole along the radial direction of the material carrier; And a first linear drive member, which is connected between the clamping block and the carrier seat, for driving the clamping block to move radially along the carrier seat.

[0008] Optionally, in the first direction, the material carrier is suspended above the worktable surface; An open ring is fixedly connected to the workbench surface. The open ring is coaxial with the drive shaft and is located below the connecting frame of the loading station, drilling station and tapping station. When the drive shaft is in the indexing position, the gap between two adjacent connecting frames is the interval gap; Guide seats are fixedly connected to both ends of the opening of the open ring. One guide seat is located below the gap between the drilling station and the cleaning station, and the other guide seat is located below the gap between the unloading station and the loading station. The upper surface of the guide seat is a guide surface. One end of the guide surface is smoothly connected to the upper surface of the open ring, and the other end is smoothly connected to the table surface of the workbench. The lower surface of the material carrier plate is fixedly connected with a plurality of guide posts, and the guide posts are respectively provided on both sides of the first rotating shaft; When the material loading device is located at the cleaning station and the unloading station, the guide column is suspended. During the process of the material loading device moving from the unloading station to the loading station, the guide column moves along the upper surface of the guide seat to the upper surface of the open ring. When the material loading device is above the open ring, multiple guide columns below the material loading plate overlap the upper surface of the open ring, and the open ring supports the material loading seat to a state where the depth of the material loading hole is parallel to the first direction through the guide column.

[0009] Optionally, a ball seat is fixedly connected to one end of the guide post away from the material carrier plate, and a universal ball is rotatably connected to one end of the ball seat away from the material carrier plate. The universal ball is used to overlap the guide surface of the guide seat and the upper surface of the open ring.

[0010] Optionally, a torsion spring is provided between the first rotating shaft and the connecting frame, with one end of the torsion spring fixedly connected to the connecting frame and the other end fixedly connected to the material carrier plate; When the carrier plate is not subjected to additional thrust, the carrier plate is in an outward tilted posture through the connection of the torsion spring, and the carrier plate tilts upward toward the side closer to the drive shaft, and the lower end of the carrier plate is located below the connecting frame.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes two flap assemblies, one of which is located on the side of the cleaning station and the other on the side of the unloading station. Each flap assembly includes: A connecting seat fixedly connected to the workbench; The push rod slides radially back and forth along the drive shaft. In the first direction, the push rod is located below the connecting frame. The push rod is used to push the carrier plate to an inward tilting posture. When the carrier plate is in the inward tilting posture, the carrier plate is tilted downward toward the side closer to the drive shaft, and the push rod is located on the side of the carrier seat. A second linear drive component is fixedly connected between the connecting seat and the push rod, and the driving direction of the second linear drive component is the radial direction of the drive shaft; A top support block is located at one end of the push rod near the drive shaft, and the top support block is slidably connected to the push rod along a first direction; And a third linear drive member connected between the push rod and the top support block for driving the top support block to move above the push rod.

[0012] Optionally, a compression spring is fixedly connected to the top wall of the support block located at the cleaning station.

[0013] Optionally, a cleaning hole is provided through the workbench surface, and a cleaning tank located below the cleaning hole is fixedly connected below the workbench surface, with a high-pressure nozzle installed in the cleaning tank.

[0014] Optionally, a discharge hole is provided through the workbench surface, and a receiving trough is provided below the discharge hole on the workbench surface.

[0015] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: By setting up a rotation drive assembly, a loading device, and a processing device, the shaft workpiece can be automatically switched between multiple workstations, which improves the processing efficiency of drilling and tapping, reduces manual operation, and ensures the consistency of processing accuracy. The material carrier is equipped with a clamping assembly, which can effectively clamp shaft-type workpieces, ensuring the stability of the workpieces during drilling and tapping, and improving the processing quality. The open ring and guide seat, together with the guide post, can support the material carrier in a suitable state, ensuring that the depth of the material carrier hole is parallel to the first direction, thus guaranteeing the accuracy of drilling and tapping. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the material loading device in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the clamping assembly in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the open ring in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flap assembly in the embodiments of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cleaning tank and the receiving tank in the embodiments of this application.

[0017] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Workbench; 11. Loading station; 12. Drilling station; 13. Tapping station; 14. Cleaning station; 15. Unloading station; 16. Cleaning hole; 17. Cleaning tank; 171. High-pressure nozzle; 18. Unloading hole; 19. Receiving trough; 2. Rotary drive assembly; 21. Drive shaft; 22. First motor; 3. Loading device; 31. Connecting frame; 32. Loading plate; 33. Loading seat; 331. Loading hole; 332. Through hole; 34. Connecting rod; 35. Torsion spring; 36. Clamping assembly; 36 1. Clamping block; 362. First linear drive component; 4. Processing device; 41a. Drilling assembly; 41b. Tapping assembly; 411. Connecting frame; 412. Fourth linear drive component; 413. Second motor; 414. Three-jaw chuck; 5. Open ring; 51. Guide seat; 511. Guide surface; 6. Guide column; 61. Ball seat; 62. Universal ball; 7. Flip plate assembly; 71. Connecting seat; 72. Push rod; 73. Second linear drive component; 74. Top support block; 75. Third linear drive component; 76. Compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0019] This application discloses a drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces. (Refer to...) Figure 1 The drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces includes a worktable 1, a rotation drive assembly 2, a material loading device 3, and a processing device 4. The table surface of the worktable 1 is perpendicular to a first direction, which is preferably a vertical direction. The rotation drive assembly 2 includes a drive shaft 21 and a first motor 22. The drive shaft 21 is arranged parallel to the first direction and is constructed as a cylindrical shaft. The drive shaft 21 passes through the table surface of the worktable 1 along the first direction and is rotatably connected to the worktable 1 through bearings. The first motor 22 is located below the table surface of the worktable 1. The housing of the first motor 22 is fixedly connected to the worktable 1. The output shaft of the first motor 22 is coaxially fixedly connected to the drive shaft 21 so that the drive shaft 21 is driven to rotate by the first motor 22. Five material loading devices 3 are evenly distributed on the drive shaft 21. When the drive shaft 21 is in the indexing position, the material loading devices 3 are located in the loading station 11, drilling station 12, tapping station 13, cleaning station 14 and unloading station 15 in sequence. The processing device 4 includes a drilling assembly 41a and a tapping assembly 41b. The drilling assembly 41a and the tapping assembly 41b in the processing device 4 process the parts at the drilling station 12 and the tapping station 13, respectively. This achieves the effect of continuous processing of shaft workpieces at multiple stations, improving processing efficiency and accuracy. This is because the multi-station layout allows each process to be carried out simultaneously, avoiding the cumbersome operation and human error of the traditional method.

[0020] Reference Figure 1Both the drilling assembly 41a and the tapping assembly 41b are connected to the worktable 1 and have the same structure, including a connecting frame 411, a fourth linear drive 412, a second motor 413, and a three-jaw chuck 414. The connecting frame 411 is fixedly connected to the worktable 1. The fourth linear drive 412 is a hydraulic cylinder, with its cylinder body fixedly connected to the connecting frame 411. A second motor 413 is fixedly connected to the piston rod, and the output end of the second motor 413 is connected to the three-jaw chuck 414. The driving direction of the linear drive 412 is parallel to the first direction. The second motor 413 is used to drive the three-jaw chuck 414 to rotate around the second axis. The three-jaw chuck 414 of the drilling assembly 41a holds a drill bit, and the three-jaw chuck 414 of the tapping assembly 41b holds a tap. When the drive shaft 21 is in the indexing position, the fourth linear drive 412 drives the three-jaw chuck 414 to move downward, and then the second motor 413 drives the drill bit or tap to rotate, so as to drill the workpiece at the drilling station 12 and tap the workpiece at the tapping station 13.

[0021] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The material loading device 3 includes a connecting frame 31, a material loading plate 32, and a material loading seat 33. The connecting frame 31 is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 21. Specifically, a connecting rod 34 perpendicular to the first direction is fixedly connected between the connecting frame 31 and the drive shaft 21. The shape of the connecting frame 31 can be designed as a rectangular frame structure. The material loading plate 32 is located inside the connecting frame 31 and is rotatably connected to the connecting frame 31 through a first rotating shaft. The first rotating shaft is usually a cylindrical metal shaft, and its two ends are rotatably connected to the connecting frame 31 through bearings. In the radial direction of the drive shaft 21, the first rotating shaft is located at the center of the material loading plate 32. When the drive shaft 21 is in the indexing position, the first rotating shaft is provided on each of the five sides of a regular pentagon coaxial with the drive shaft 21. A torsion spring 35 is provided between the first rotating shaft and the connecting frame 31. One end of the torsion spring 35 is fixedly connected to the connecting frame 31, and the other end is fixedly connected to the material plate 32. When the material plate 32 is not subjected to additional thrust, the material plate 32 is in an outward tilting posture through the connection of the torsion spring 35, and the material plate 32 tilts upward toward the side closer to the drive shaft 21, and the lower end of the material plate 32 is located below the connecting frame 31. The material carrier 33 is cylindrical and is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the material carrier plate 32, usually by bolts, for easy installation and disassembly. A material carrier hole 331 is formed at the end of the material carrier 33 away from the material carrier plate 32. The material carrier hole 331 is used to place shaft-type workpieces. When the material carrier 3 is in the loading station 11, drilling station 12 and tapping station 13, the central axis of the material carrier 33 is parallel to the first direction, and the hole depth of the material carrier hole 331 is parallel to the first direction, ensuring the correct posture of the shaft-type workpiece during the processing.

[0022] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 To more securely clamp shaft-like workpieces, the side wall of the material carrier 33 is provided with multiple through holes 332 communicating with the material loading holes 331. The material loading device 3 also includes multiple clamping assemblies 36 connected to the material carrier 33, with one clamping assembly 36 at each through hole 332. Each clamping assembly 36 includes a clamping block 361 and a first linear drive member 362. The clamping block 361 can slide back and forth between the through holes 332 and the material loading holes 331 along the radial direction of the material carrier 33. The first linear drive member 362 is connected between the clamping block 361 and the material carrier 33, and is used to drive the clamping block 361 to move radially along the material carrier 33. The first linear drive member 362 can be an electric push rod. Specifically, the cylinder of the first linear drive member 362 is fixedly connected to the outer peripheral wall of the material carrier 33, and the push rod of the first linear drive member 362 passes through the through hole 332 and is fixedly connected to the clamping block 361. When the shaft-type workpiece is placed into the loading hole 331, the first linear drive 362 drives the clamping block 361 to move towards the loading hole 331, clamping the shaft-type workpiece and ensuring the stability of the workpiece during processing.

[0023] Reference Figure 4 In the first direction, the material carrier 33 is suspended above the worktable 1; an open ring 5 is fixedly connected to the worktable 1, the open ring 5 is coaxial with the drive shaft 21, and is located below the connecting frame 31 located at the loading station 11, drilling station 12 and tapping station 13; when the drive shaft 21 is in the indexing position, the gap between two adjacent connecting frames 31 is the interval gap. Guide seats 51 are fixedly connected to both ends of the opening of the open ring 5. One guide seat 51 is located below the gap between the drilling station 12 and the cleaning station 14, and the other guide seat 51 is located below the gap between the unloading station 15 and the loading station 11. The upper surface of the guide seat 51 is a guide surface 511. One end of the guide surface 511 is smoothly connected to the upper surface of the open ring 5, and the other end is smoothly connected to the table surface of the workbench 1. Preferably, when projected along the first direction, the projections of the open ring 5 and the guide seat 51 form an open annular surface.

[0024] Reference Figure 5Multiple guide posts 6 are fixedly connected to the lower surface of the material carrier plate 32, and guide posts 6 are respectively provided on both sides of the first rotating shaft. The guide posts 6 are generally cylindrical metal posts, and the material can be carbon steel. When the material carrier device 3 is located at the cleaning station 14 and the unloading station 15, the guide posts 6 are suspended. When the material carrier device 3 moves from the unloading station 15 to the loading station 11, the guide posts 6 move along the upper surface of the guide seat 51 to the upper surface of the opening ring 5. At this time, the multiple guide posts 6 below the material carrier plate 32 overlap the upper surface of the opening ring 5, and the opening ring 5 supports the material carrier 33 to the state where the depth of the material carrier hole 331 is parallel to the first direction through the guide posts 6. The end of the guide column 6 away from the material carrier plate 32 is fixedly connected to a ball seat 61, and the end of the ball seat 61 away from the material carrier plate 32 is freely rotatably connected to a universal ball 62; the universal ball 62 can be made of stainless steel universal ball bearings, which can rotate freely in the ball seat 61, so that the guide column 6 moves more smoothly on the guide seat 51 and the open ring 5.

[0025] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 The device also includes two flip-plate assemblies 7, one on each side of the cleaning station 14 and the unloading station 15. Each flip-plate assembly 7 includes a connecting seat 71, a push rod 72, a second linear drive component 73, a top support block 74, and a third linear drive component 75. The connecting seat 71 is fixedly connected to the workbench 1, typically by bolts, and serves to support and fix other components. The push rod 72 slides radially back and forth along the drive shaft 21. In the first direction, the push rod 72 is located below the connecting frame 31. The shape of the push rod 72 can be designed as a rod-like structure parallel to the sliding direction of the push rod 72. The push rod 72 is used to push the carrying plate 32 to an inward tilted position. When the carrying plate 32 is in the inward tilted position, it tilts downwards towards the side closest to the drive shaft 21, and the push rod 72 is located on the side of the carrying seat 33. The second linear drive 73 is fixedly connected between the connecting seat 71 and the push rod 72. Its driving direction is the radial direction of the drive shaft 21. The second linear drive 73 can be a multi-stage hydraulic cylinder. The cylinder body of the second linear drive 73 is fixedly connected to the connecting seat 71, and the piston rod of the second linear drive 73 is fixedly connected to the push rod 72. The top support block 74 is located at one end of the push rod 72 near the drive shaft 21, and the top support block 74 is slidably connected to the push rod 72 along the first direction. The shape of the top support block 74 can be designed as a block structure. The third linear drive 75 is connected between the push rod 72 and the top support block 74, and is used to drive the top support block 74 to move above the push rod 72. The third linear drive 75 can be a small electric push rod, whose cylinder body is fixedly connected to the push rod 72, and the piston rod is fixed to the top support block 74. When the loading device 3 rotates to the rinsing station and the unloading station 15, the second linear drive 73 pushes the push rod 72 toward the drive shaft 21 until the loading plate 32 is pushed to the inward tilting state. Then the third linear drive 75 drives the top support block 74 to push the end of the loading plate 32 near the drive shaft 21 upward until the loading plate 32 is pushed to a horizontal or nearly horizontal position. In the loading device 3 at the unloading station 15, the first linear drive 362 drives the clamping block 361 away from the workpiece to release the workpiece, and the workpiece will fall off. In the material carrier 3 located at the cleaning station 14, cleaning fluid is sprayed upwards from the lower right to rinse the threaded hole drilled in the workpiece; a compression spring 76 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the top support block 74 located at the cleaning station 14. The compression spring 76 can cooperate with the torsion spring 35, so that the workpiece on the cleaning station 14 can shake with the material carrier 32 to rinse from multiple angles and improve the thoroughness of rinsing.

[0026] After the unloading station 15 and the cleaning station 14 are completed, the top support block 74 moves downward, the push rod 72 is reset, and the loading plate 32 will rotate to an outward tilting posture during the reset of the torsion spring 35.

[0027] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 The workbench 1 has a cleaning hole 16 through the cleaning station 14. A cleaning tank 17 located below the cleaning hole 16 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the workbench 1. A high-pressure nozzle 171 connected to a water source is installed in the cleaning tank 17. The high-pressure nozzle 171 can be a fan-shaped nozzle or a cone-shaped nozzle, which can spray the cleaning fluid into the drilled hole of the shaft workpiece in a high-pressure form to achieve the purpose of cleaning.

[0028] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 6 The workbench 1 has a through-hole 18, and a receiving trough 19 is located below the workbench 1. The size of the discharge hole 18 must ensure that the machined shaft workpieces can fall smoothly. The receiving trough 19 can be made of plastic or metal and is used to collect the machined shaft workpieces.

[0029] The implementation principle of the drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces in this application embodiment is as follows: This drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces achieves continuous processing of shaft-type workpieces through a multi-station layout, improving processing efficiency. Each station has a clear division of labor; drilling and tapping processes are completed by specialized components, ensuring processing accuracy. The design of the loading device 3 makes the clamping and positioning of shaft-type workpieces more accurate and stable, and the clamping assembly 36 can firmly clamp the workpiece, avoiding shaking during processing. The cooperation between the guide column 6 and the open ring 5 ensures the correct posture of the loading seat 33 at different stations. The setting of the flip plate assembly 7 facilitates the operation of shaft-type workpieces at the cleaning and unloading station 15. The setting of the cleaning tank 17 and the high-pressure nozzle 171 can clean the processed workpieces in a timely manner, ensuring the cleanliness of the workpieces. The receiving trough 19 facilitates the collection of processed workpieces. Compared with traditional drilling and tapping methods, this device greatly improves production efficiency and processing quality, and reduces labor costs and human error.

[0030] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces, characterized in that, It includes a worktable (1), a rotation drive assembly (2), a material loading device (3), and a processing device (4); The rotating component includes: A drive shaft (21) is parallel to the first direction and is rotatably connected to the worktable (1) about its own axis; The drive shaft (21) is provided with five material loading devices (3), and the five material loading devices (3) are evenly distributed around the drive shaft (21) in the circumference. When the drive shaft (21) is in the indexing position, the five material loading devices (3) are respectively located at the loading station (11), drilling station (12), tapping station (13), cleaning station (14) and unloading station (15). The material loading device (3) includes: A connecting frame (31) is fixedly connected to the drive shaft (21); The material carrier plate (32) is located inside the connecting frame (31). The material carrier plate (32) is rotatably connected to the connecting frame (31) via a first rotating shaft. When the drive shaft (21) is in the indexing position, the first rotating shaft is provided on each of the five sides of a regular pentagon coaxial with the drive shaft (21). And, a material carrier (33) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the material carrier plate (32). A material carrier hole (331) is formed at one end of the material carrier (33) away from the material carrier (33). When the material carrier (3) is in the loading station (11), drilling station (12) and tapping station (13), the hole depth of the material carrier hole (331) is parallel to the first direction. The processing device (4) includes a drilling assembly (41a) and a tapping assembly (41b) connected to the worktable (1); the drilling assembly (41a) is close to the drilling station (12) and is used to drill holes in the parts located at the drilling station (12); the tapping assembly (41b) is close to the tapping station (13) and is used to tap the parts located at the tapping station (13).

2. The drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the material carrier (33) is provided with a plurality of through holes (332) that communicate with the material loading hole (331); The material carrier (3) further includes a plurality of clamping assemblies (36) connected to the material carrier (33), with one clamping assembly (36) at each of the through holes (332); the clamping assembly (36) includes: A clamping block (361) is capable of sliding back and forth between the through hole (332) and the loading hole (331) along the radial direction of the material carrier (33); And a first linear drive (362) connected between the clamping block (361) and the carrier (33) for driving the clamping block (361) to move radially along the carrier (33).

3. The drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the first direction, the material carrier (33) is suspended above the workbench (1) surface; An open ring (5) is fixedly connected to the table surface of the workbench (1). The open ring (5) is coaxial with the drive shaft (21). The open ring (5) is located below the connecting frame (31) of the loading station (11), drilling station (12) and tapping station (13). When the drive shaft (21) is in the indexing position, the gap between two adjacent connecting frames (31) is the interval gap; Guide seats (51) are fixedly connected to both ends of the opening of the open ring (5). One guide seat (51) is located below the gap between the drilling station (12) and the cleaning station (14), and the other guide seat (51) is located below the gap between the unloading station (15) and the loading station (11). The upper surface of the guide seat (51) is a guide surface (511). One end of the guide surface (511) is smoothly connected to the upper surface of the open ring (5), and the other end is smoothly connected to the table surface of the workbench (1). The lower surface of the material carrier plate (32) is fixedly connected with a plurality of guide posts (6), and the guide posts (6) are respectively provided on both sides of the first rotating shaft; When the material loading device (3) is located at the cleaning station (14) and the unloading station (15), the guide column (6) is suspended in the air. During the process of the material loading device (3) moving from the unloading station (15) to the loading station (11), the guide column (6) moves along the upper surface of the guide seat (51) to the upper surface of the opening ring (5). When the material loading device (3) is located above the opening ring (5), the multiple guide columns (6) below the material loading plate (32) overlap the upper surface of the opening ring (5), and the opening ring (5) supports the material loading seat (33) to the state where the depth of the material loading hole (331) is parallel to the first direction through the guide column (6).

4. The drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 3, characterized in that, The guide post (6) is fixedly connected to a ball seat (61) at one end away from the material carrier plate (32), and the ball seat (61) is rotatably connected to a universal ball (62) at the other end away from the material carrier plate (32). The universal ball (62) is used to overlap the guide surface (511) of the guide seat (51) and the upper surface of the open ring (5).

5. A drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, A torsion spring (35) is provided between the first rotating shaft and the connecting frame (31). One end of the torsion spring (35) is fixedly connected to the connecting frame (31), and the other end is fixedly connected to the material carrier plate (32). When the material plate (32) is not subjected to additional thrust, the material plate (32) is in an outward tilted posture through the connection of the torsion spring (35), and the material plate (32) tilts upward toward the side closer to the drive shaft (21), and the lower end of the material plate (32) is located below the connecting frame (31).

6. The drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes two flap assemblies (7), one of which is located on the side of the cleaning station (14) and the unloading station (15). The flap assembly (7) includes: A connecting seat (71) is fixedly connected to the workbench (1); The push rod (72) slides radially back and forth along the drive shaft (21). In the first direction, the push rod (72) is located below the connecting frame (31). The push rod (72) is used to push the carrier plate (32) to an inward tilting posture. When the carrier plate (32) is in the inward tilting posture, the carrier plate (32) is tilted downward toward the side closer to the drive shaft (21), and the push rod (72) is located on the side of the carrier seat (33). A second linear drive member (73) is fixedly connected between the connecting seat (71) and the push rod (72), and the driving direction of the second linear drive member (73) is the radial direction of the drive shaft (21); A top support block (74) is located at one end of the push rod (72) near the drive shaft (21), and the top support block (74) is slidably connected to the push rod (72) in a first direction; And a third linear drive (75) connected between the push rod (72) and the top support block (74) for driving the top support block (74) to move above the push rod (72).

7. The drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 6, characterized in that, A compression spring (76) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the top support block (74) located at the cleaning station (14).

8. The drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 7, characterized in that, A cleaning hole (16) is provided through the table surface of the workbench (1), and a cleaning tank (17) located below the cleaning hole (16) is fixedly connected below the table surface of the workbench (1). A high-pressure nozzle (171) is provided in the cleaning tank (17).

9. A drilling and tapping device for shaft-type workpieces according to claim 7, characterized in that, The workbench (1) has a through-hole (18) on its surface, and a receiving trough (19) is located below the workbench (1) below the through-hole (18).

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