Dirt box with solid-liquid separation function for railway vehicle

Abstract

A dirt box with a solid-liquid separation function for a railway vehicle comprises a solid-liquid separation box, a liquid treatment box, a liquid sterilization box, a controller, an electric valve, a liquid level sensor, a water pump, an ozone generator, a temperature sensor, a heating pipe and an overtemperature protector. A filter screen is arranged in the solid-liquid separation box; at least two partition plates are arranged in the liquid treatment box at intervals, the partition plates are arranged downwards from the upper part of the box body, a liquid passing space is reserved at the lower part of the box body, and an ozone generator is arranged in front of the first partition plate; and a heating pipe is arranged at the bottom of the liquid sterilization box. In the vehicle operation process, solid and liquid in sewage can be separated, the solid is stored in the box body, and the liquid part is subjected to harmless treatment and discharged, so that the occupied space of the liquid part is reduced, the weight is reduced, the energy consumption is reduced, and the workload of vehicle sewage discharge operation is correspondingly reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a waste bin for rail vehicles, and more particularly to a waste bin with solid-liquid separation function. Background Technology

[0002] Existing rail vehicle waste bins are containers for holding wastewater generated by passengers using the toilet, washing, or drinking water. They only have a holding function and do not have a waste disposal function. During use, the wastewater mainly consists of flushing and washing water, with a small portion being human excrement. While the vehicle is in operation, stations lack wastewater discharge facilities, so the wastewater generated by passengers remains in the waste bins until the end of the trip, when it is returned to the depot for disposal. To meet operational needs, waste bins are generally quite large, occupying significant space and adding considerable weight, thus increasing the overall weight of the vehicle and consuming energy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve the problem that the waste bins of existing rail vehicles cannot drain waste in a timely manner, which leads to an increase in the overall weight of the vehicle and thus consumes energy.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides a waste tank for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function, characterized in that it includes a solid-liquid separation tank, a liquid treatment tank, a liquid sterilization tank, a controller, an electric valve, a liquid level sensor, a water pump, an ozone generator, a temperature sensor, a heating element, and an over-temperature protector. The solid-liquid separation tank, the liquid treatment tank, and the liquid sterilization tank are connected in sequence. The solid-liquid separation tank is equipped with a filter screen. The liquid treatment tank is equipped with at least two partitions spaced apart, with the partitions extending downwards from the top of the tank, leaving space for liquid to pass through at the bottom. An ozone generator is located in front of the first partition to generate ozone and deliver it to the liquid treatment tank for treatment of the liquid through oxidation. The liquid sterilization tank is equipped with a heating element at the bottom. The controller is used to receive signals from the liquid level sensor and the temperature sensor to control the operation and shutdown of the electric valve, the heating element, the water pump, and the ozone generator.

[0005] Furthermore, in order to increase the filtration area, the filter screen inside the solid-liquid separation box is L-shaped, and there is an interlayer space between the L-shaped filter screen and the bottom and sides of the solid-liquid separation box.

[0006] Furthermore, the power supply circuit for the heating element is equipped with an over-temperature protector located on the outer wall of the liquid sterilization chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, both the solid-liquid separation box and the liquid sterilization box are equipped with several liquid level sensors for outputting liquid level signals.

[0008] Furthermore, the pipeline connecting the solid-liquid separation tank to the liquid treatment tank runs from the bottom of the solid-liquid separation tank to the top of the liquid treatment tank, and a water pump is installed at the bottom of the pipeline.

[0009] Furthermore, the solid-liquid separation box, the liquid treatment box, and the liquid sterilization box are all equipped with vent pipes, and the top of the vent pipe is higher than the height of the inlet of the connected pipeline inside the box.

[0010] Furthermore, a temperature sensor is installed below the liquid level sensor inside the liquid sterilization box.

[0011] Furthermore, the upper part of the solid-liquid separation tank is connected to a gas source pipeline to accelerate the passage of sewage through the filter screen.

[0012] Furthermore, the drain pipe at the bottom of the liquid sterilization tank passes through the bottom of the liquid treatment tank.

[0013] This invention increases the filtration area by installing a filter screen inside the solid-liquid separation tank, with an interlayer space between the filter screen and the bottom and sides of the tank. The solid-liquid separation tank is connected to an air duct to accelerate the passage of wastewater through the filter screen. The liquid portion separated from the solids undergoes purification and oxidation treatment. To ensure sufficient reaction, the liquid treatment tank employs a two-part partition structure. The liquid inlet pipe is located at the top of the tank, and the partitions are positioned downwards from the top. As the liquid flows into the liquid sterilization tank, it cannot flow directly from the top but rather flows in a staggered pattern, allowing the liquid to react fully with the additives and ozone from inlet to outlet. The liquid sterilization tank is equipped with a heating sterilization structure to further kill pathogenic microorganisms in the liquid.

[0014] This invention, through the aforementioned structural design and the design and control of the water inlet, heating, and drainage systems, as well as the control of overheat protection, enables the separation of solids and liquids in wastewater during vehicle operation. Solids are stored in the tank, while the liquid portion undergoes harmless treatment before being discharged. This completely eliminates the need for a large-capacity waste tank, achieving on-demand treatment and discharge of wastewater, significantly saving vehicle space and weight. The reduced vehicle weight directly lowers energy consumption. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the system of the present invention.

[0016] Reference Figure 1The system of the present invention consists of a first electric valve 1, a solid-liquid separation tank 2, a flushing valve 3, a suction valve 4, a first liquid level sensor 5, a second liquid level sensor 6, a third liquid level sensor 7, a suction pipe 8, a first vent pipe 9, a filter screen 10, a fourth liquid level sensor 11, a water pump 12, a second electric valve 13, an ozone generator 14, a liquid treatment tank 15, a first partition 16, a second partition 17, a second vent pipe 18, a third electric valve 19, a fourth electric valve 20, a liquid sterilization tank 21, a fifth liquid level sensor 22, a temperature sensor 23, a heating element 24, an over-temperature protector 25, a fifth electric valve 26, a drain pipe 27, a sixth electric valve 28, a controller 29, a seventh electric valve 30, a third vent pipe 31, an air source pipeline 32, and a delivery pipeline 33. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Combination Figure 1The first electric valve 1 is installed in the pipeline from which wastewater enters the solid-liquid separator 2. It is normally open, but closes when pressure filtration is required within the separator. The solid-liquid separator 2 contains waste excreted from the vehicle, separating solid debris such as feces and tissues. The flushing valve 3 is a manual ball valve. When cleaning the solid-liquid separator 2, an external pressurized water source is connected, and the flushing valve 3 is opened for cleaning; it remains closed when not cleaning. The suction valve 4 is a manual ball valve. When suctioning the solid-liquid separator 2, an external suction connector is connected, and the suction valve 4 is opened for suction; it remains closed when not suctioning. The first liquid level sensor 5 is installed at the full-load volume position of the solid-liquid separator 2. It uses a float-type liquid level sensor; when the liquid level in the separator reaches this height, it outputs a full-level signal to the controller 29. The second liquid level sensor 6 is installed at 80% of the full volume of the solid-liquid separation tank 2. It uses a float-type liquid level sensor and outputs a liquid level signal to the controller 29 when the liquid level in the tank reaches this height. The third liquid level sensor 7 is installed at 15% of the full volume of the solid-liquid separation tank 2. It also uses a float-type liquid level sensor and outputs a liquid level signal to the controller 29 when the liquid level in the tank reaches this height. The suction pipe 8 is a stainless steel pipe, with one end connected to the suction valve 4 and the other end extending to the bottom of the solid-liquid separation tank 2 for suction. The first vent pipe 9 is a stainless steel pipe, with one end above the first liquid level sensor 5 and avoiding the location where sewage enters the sludge tank. The other end extends out of the solid-liquid separation tank 2 for ventilation between the solid-liquid separation tank 2 and the outside. The filter screen 10 is installed inside the solid-liquid separation tank 2 and is a fine stainless steel screen. It is used for preliminary separation of solids and liquids in sewage. To increase the filtration area, the filter screen adopts an L-shaped structure. The fourth liquid level sensor 11 is installed on the side of the filtered liquid portion of the solid-liquid separation tank 2, approximately at 20% of the full capacity of the solid-liquid separation tank 2. When the liquid level exceeds this height, the fourth liquid level sensor 11 is triggered, sending a signal to the controller 29. The water pump 12 is installed on the delivery pipeline 33 at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation tank 2, which supplies liquid to the liquid treatment tank 15. When the liquid level sensor 11 is triggered, the controller 29 controls the water pump to operate, delivering the separated liquid from the solid-liquid separation tank 2 to the liquid treatment tank 15. The second electric valve 13 controls the on / off switch of the air supply to the solid-liquid separation tank 2, thereby increasing the wastewater filtration efficiency. When the second liquid level sensor 6 outputs a liquid level signal, and wastewater is not being delivered to the solid-liquid separation tank 2, the controller 29 controls the first electric valve 1 to close, the seventh electric valve 30 to close, the water pump 12 to open, and the second electric valve 13 to open.

[0018] Ozone generator 14 generates ozone and delivers it to liquid treatment tank 15, where it treats the liquid through oxidation. Liquid treatment tank 15 holds additives for liquid purification and uses strong oxidants such as ozone to degrade organic matter, remove color and odor from the liquid separated in solid-liquid separation tank 2. First partition 16 and second partition 17, made of stainless steel, are installed in liquid treatment tank 15. These partitions divide the interior of liquid treatment tank 15, leaving only approximately one-fifth of the lower part of the tank for passage, allowing the liquid to react fully with the additives and ozone from inlet to outlet. Second vent pipe 18 is installed between first partition 16 and second partition 17 for ventilation between liquid treatment tank 15 and the outside. The top of the vent pipe must be higher than the inlet height of the pipe connected from solid-liquid separation tank 2 within the tank. Third electric valve 19 is installed on the drain pipe at the lowest point of the bottom of liquid treatment tank 15. This valve opens to discharge wastewater when the system is emptied. It is only opened during anti-freeze emptying and is not open under normal circumstances. The fourth electric valve 20 is installed on the pipeline that supplies liquid from the liquid handling tank 15 to the liquid sterilization tank 21. It is used to control the opening and closing of the pipeline. When the fifth liquid level sensor 22 is not triggered and the fifth electric valve 26 is not opened, the fourth electric valve 20 opens.

[0019] The liquid sterilization tank 21 sterilizes the liquid by heating it with heating tube 24, killing pathogenic microorganisms in the liquid. A fifth liquid level sensor 22 is installed in the upper part of the liquid sterilization tank 21, below the inlet of the pipeline supplying liquid from the liquid treatment tank 15 to the liquid sterilization tank 21. When the liquid level in the liquid treatment tank 15 reaches the height of the fifth liquid level sensor 22, the sensor is triggered and outputs a signal to the controller 29 to initiate sterilization. A temperature sensor 23 is installed below the fifth liquid level sensor 22 to detect the temperature in the liquid sterilization tank 21. When the temperature reaches 75℃, it outputs a signal to the controller 29. The heating tube 24 is installed at the bottom of the liquid sterilization tank 21 for heating and sterilization. When the fifth liquid level sensor 22 is triggered, and the temperature sensor 23 does not output a signal, the controller 29 controls the heating tube 24 to be energized and heated until the temperature sensor 23 outputs a signal and continues for 15 seconds, at which point heating stops. An over-temperature protector 25 is installed on the outer wall of the liquid sterilization tank 21 near the heating element 24. It is a fuse-type over-temperature protection device connected in series with the power supply circuit of the heating element 24. When the detected temperature reaches 100℃, the power supply circuit is disconnected. A fifth electric valve 26 is installed on the discharge pipe at the bottom of the liquid sterilization tank 21. After the liquid sterilization tank 21 completes sterilization, the controller 29 controls the electric valve 26 to open, discharging the treated liquid. A drain pipe 27 is used for liquid drainage, with a portion of the pipe passing through the bottom of the liquid treatment tank 15. During drainage, the heat from the drainage is used to preheat the liquid in the liquid treatment tank 15. A sixth electric valve 28 is installed on the drain pipe at the lowest position at the bottom of the solid-liquid separation tank 2. When the system is emptied, the sixth electric valve opens to discharge wastewater. This valve only opens during anti-freeze emptying and remains closed under normal conditions. The controller 29 receives signals from the level sensors and temperature sensors to control the operation and shutdown of the electric valves, heating elements, water pump, and ozone generator. The seventh electric valve 30 is installed on the first vent pipe 9 of the solid-liquid separation tank 2 and is normally open. When pressurizing and filtering wastewater in the solid-liquid separation tank 2, the seventh electric valve 30 closes. The third vent pipe 31 is used for ventilation between the liquid sterilization tank 21 and the outside environment. Its top end within the tank must exceed the height of the inlet pipe connected from the liquid treatment tank 15, and its bottom end extends out of the liquid sterilization tank 21. The air source pipe 32 connects to the solid-liquid separation tank 2 to accelerate the passage of wastewater through the filter screen 10.

[0020] Working principle: After the waste on the vehicle enters the solid-liquid separation tank 2, it is filtered by the filter screen 10. The solid part is trapped in the solid-liquid separation tank 2, and the separated liquid part enters the liquid treatment tank 15 through the conveying pipe 33. Then, it reacts with the purification additives and ozone in the liquid treatment tank 15. After purification and degradation treatment, the liquid enters the liquid sterilization tank 21. The liquid sterilization tank 21 is equipped with a heating tube 24. When the liquid in the liquid sterilization tank 21 reaches the set height, the liquid sterilization tank 21 stops water intake, and the heating tube 24 starts heating for sterilization treatment. After the liquid is heated to the set temperature and maintained for a period of time, the controller 29 controls the heating tube 24 to stop heating, the electric valve 26 opens, and the treated liquid is discharged through the drain pipe 27. Then, the electric valve 26 closes, the electric valve 20 opens, and the liquid sterilization tank 21 starts water intake again.

Claims

1. A waste bin for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function, characterized in that: The system includes a solid-liquid separation tank (2), a liquid treatment tank (15), a liquid sterilization tank (21), a controller (29), an electric valve, a liquid level sensor, an ozone generator (14), and a heating tube (24). The solid-liquid separation tank (2), the liquid treatment tank (15), and the liquid sterilization tank (21) are connected in sequence. The solid-liquid separation tank (2) is equipped with a filter screen (10). The liquid treatment tank is equipped with at least two partitions at intervals. The partitions are set from the top of the tank downwards, leaving space for liquid to pass through at the bottom. An ozone generator (14) is set in front of the first partition (16) to generate ozone and transport it to the liquid treatment tank (15) for treatment of the liquid through oxidation. The liquid sterilization tank (21) is equipped with a heating tube (24) at the bottom. The controller (29) is used to receive signals from each liquid level sensor and temperature sensor and control the start and stop of each electric valve, heating tube, water pump, and ozone generator.

2. A waste bin for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter screen (10) is L-shaped, and there is an interlayer space between the filter screen and the bottom and side of the solid-liquid separation box (2).

3. A waste bin for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply circuit for the heating tube (24) is provided with an over-temperature protector (25) located on the outer wall of the liquid sterilization box (21).

4. A waste bin for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the solid-liquid separation box (2) and the liquid sterilization box (21) are equipped with several liquid level sensors for outputting liquid level signals.

5. A waste bin for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying pipeline (33) between the solid-liquid separation tank (2) and the liquid treatment tank (15) is connected from the bottom of the solid-liquid separation tank to the top of the liquid treatment tank, and a water pump (12) is provided at the bottom of the conveying pipeline.

6. A waste bin for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Ventilation pipes are installed in the solid-liquid separation box (2), liquid treatment box (15) and liquid sterilization box (21), and the top of the ventilation pipe is higher than the inlet height of the connected pipeline inside the box.

7. A waste bin for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A temperature sensor (23) is installed at the bottom of the liquid sterilization box.

8. A waste bin for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation box (2) is connected to a gas source pipeline (32) to accelerate the passage of sewage through the filter screen (10).

9. A waste bin for rail vehicles with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drain pipe (27) at the bottom of the liquid sterilization tank (21) passes through the bottom of the liquid treatment tank (15).

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