Unmanned aerial vehicle rear delivery cabin with self-floating and side-turning aligning functions

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of rescue, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle rear delivery cabin with self-floating and side-turning returning functions. Comprising a cabin body, an annular buoyancy structure and an eccentric gravity center adjusting mechanism. The cabin main body forms a sealed wounded accommodating space; the annular buoyancy structure is fixedly arranged on the periphery of the cabin main body, the annular buoyancy structure comprises a plurality of independently sealed buoyancy components, and the plurality of buoyancy components are circumferentially distributed around the outer surface of the cabin main body; the eccentric gravity center adjusting mechanism is arranged on the lower portion in the cabin body and comprises a balancing weight and a balancing weight moving guide rail, the balancing weight is installed on the balancing weight moving guide rail in a sliding mode, and the balancing weight moving guide rail extends in the longitudinal direction of the cabin body. According to the unmanned aerial vehicle rear delivery cabin, crossing from passive floating to active stability maintaining is achieved on the unmanned aerial vehicle rear delivery cabin, and the core safety problems that in the background technology, after falling into water, the posture is out of control, and automatic returning cannot be achieved are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rescue, and more specifically to a drone emplacement capsule with self-floating and rollover recovery functions. Background Technology

[0002] Air medical rescue, especially in operations across vast seas and under complex hydrological conditions, places extremely stringent demands on the safety and reliability of patient transport equipment. As a crucial transport node connecting on-site emergency care with rear hospitals, the maritime survivability of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) evacuation pods directly determines the life or death of critically injured patients. Currently, the design focus of medical evacuation pods applied to UAV platforms is primarily on the integration of in-flight life support systems and adaptability for aerial flight. However, their most vulnerable aspect—emergency response capabilities after an accidental forced landing or crash into water—is often insufficiently considered or has significantly flawed solutions. Traditional buoyancy designs typically rely on adding floats or foam blocks to specific areas of the hull to provide basic buoyancy. This simplistic approach has several fundamental limitations: First, it's a static, passive arrangement; the center of buoyancy is fixed relative to the hull's center of gravity. If the hull tilts or capsizes due to wave impact, it lacks restoring torque and is prone to remaining in an unstable, tilted or upside-down position, making automatic righting difficult. Second, simple additional flotation materials are easily damaged and fail upon impact, and their buoyancy distribution cannot be dynamically adjusted to adapt to different immersion conditions. More critically, this design lacks an internal mechanism to actively sense attitude and apply corrections; the hull's attitude in the water is entirely dependent on external forces, resulting in poor stability. For seriously injured individuals, a tilted or upside-down hull can not only worsen their injuries due to improper positioning but also render expensive medical equipment ineffective due to water damage and blockage of ventilation channels, posing a suffocation risk. This puts equipment intended for rescue in danger at critical moments. Therefore, how to build an integrated solution that can ensure the drone delivery capsule has reliable self-floating capability and intelligent automatic righting function after rollover in harsh sea conditions, so that it can quickly recover and stabilize in a safe posture after falling into the water, and maintain a safe and horizontal survival space for the injured, has become a technical problem that urgently needs to be solved in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a drone reflux capsule with self-floating and rollover recovery functions, so as to solve the core safety problem of the reflux capsule losing attitude control and failing to automatically return to right position after falling into the water in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted.

[0005] A drone evacuation pod with self-floating and rollover recovery functions includes a main body, an annular buoyancy structure, and an eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism. The main body forms a sealed space for evacuating wounded personnel. The annular buoyancy structure is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the main body and includes multiple independent sealed buoyancy components distributed circumferentially around the outer surface of the main body. The eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism is located inside the lower part of the main body and includes a counterweight and a counterweight moving guide rail. The counterweight is slidably mounted on the counterweight moving guide rail, which extends along the longitudinal direction of the main body.

[0006] Optionally, the annular buoyancy structure includes multiple buoyancy components, including main buoyancy components and auxiliary buoyancy components; the main buoyancy components are located on the outer walls of both sides of the main body of the cabin, and the volume of the main buoyancy components is larger than that of the auxiliary buoyancy components; the auxiliary buoyancy components are located on the top and bottom outer walls of the main body of the cabin; the main buoyancy components and auxiliary buoyancy components are filled with closed-cell foam material, and the outer shells of the main buoyancy components and auxiliary buoyancy components are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the main body of the cabin through a waterproof adhesive layer.

[0007] Optionally, the eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism also includes a drive component and an attitude detection component; the drive component includes a motor and a transmission mechanism, with the motor connected to the counterweight through the transmission mechanism; the attitude detection component includes a tilt sensor and an angular velocity sensor, and the attitude detection component is located inside the main body of the cabin; the attitude detection component detects the tilt angle and angular velocity of the main body of the cabin in real time, and the signal output terminal of the attitude detection component is connected to the control terminal of the drive component.

[0008] Optionally, the drive component controls the motor to drive the counterweight block to move along the counterweight block moving guide rail through the transmission mechanism, based on the tilt direction and angle of the main body of the cabin detected by the attitude detection component; when the main body of the cabin tilts to one side, the drive component controls the counterweight block to move to the opposite side of the tilt direction, thereby generating a righting torque by changing the center of gravity position of the main body of the cabin.

[0009] Optionally, an equipment mounting base plate is also provided inside the main body of the cabin. The equipment mounting base plate is fixed inside the main body of the cabin near the bottom. The medical equipment is fixedly installed above the equipment mounting base plate. The space below the equipment mounting base plate forms a counterweight cavity, and the counterweight moving guide rail and the counterweight of the eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism are set in the counterweight cavity.

[0010] Optionally, the outer surface of the annular buoyancy structure is also covered with a protective skin. The protective skin is made of a flexible and wear-resistant material and completely covers the outer surface of multiple buoyancy components. The edge of the protective skin is sealed to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin.

[0011] Optionally, a water-sensitive vent valve is installed on the top of the main body of the cabin. The water-sensitive vent valve includes a valve body, a float, and a vent channel. The valve body is installed on the top wall panel of the main body of the cabin, and a valve cavity is formed inside the valve body. The float is set in the valve cavity. The vent channel connects the valve cavity with the internal space of the main body of the cabin. When the main body of the cabin is in a normal state, the float closes the vent channel by its own weight. When the main body of the cabin is submerged, water enters the valve cavity, and the float rises and opens the vent channel.

[0012] Optionally, the water-sensitive vent valve also includes a filter screen and a one-way valve plate; the filter screen is located at the water inlet of the valve body; the one-way valve plate is hinged at the outlet of the vent channel, and the one-way valve plate only allows gas to flow from the inside of the main body of the cabin to the outside.

[0013] Optionally, a side-flipping wing panel assembly is also provided on the outer side of the main body of the cabin. The side-flipping wing panel assembly includes a pivot and a wing panel. The pivot is fixed to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin. The wing panel is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin through the pivot. The wing panel is attached to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin in the normal state. The wing panel is deployed under the action of water flow when the main body of the cabin flips into the water.

[0014] Optionally, the side-tilting return wing assembly also includes a torsion spring and a limiting block; the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixed to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed to the wing; the limiting block is fixed to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin, and the limiting block limits the maximum deployment angle of the wing; the wing maintains the tendency to fit against the outer wall of the main body of the cabin under the action of the torsion spring.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention fundamentally revolutionizes the water safety design concept of retrieval pods by introducing a ring-shaped buoyancy structure composed of multiple independent sealed buoyancy components distributed around the outer perimeter of the pod, combined with an eccentric center-of-gravity adjustment mechanism containing a sliding counterweight located below the pod's interior. The ring-shaped buoyancy structure provides redundant, reliable, and optimally distributed net buoyancy, ensuring the pod remains afloat regardless of its angle of entry into the water, laying the physical foundation for attitude recovery. Meanwhile, the eccentric center-of-gravity adjustment mechanism constitutes an active intelligent balancing core. It dynamically adjusts the center of gravity of the entire pod by changing the internal mass distribution, thereby generating a targeted righting moment to resist tilting and drive the pod to actively and controllably recover from a capsized state to a stable horizontal floating attitude. This synergistic effect represents a first in UAV retrieval pods, achieving a leap from "passive floating" to "active stabilization," effectively solving the core safety problem of attitude loss of control and inability to automatically right itself after landing, as described in the background technology. Building upon this foundation, further optimizations of the present invention bring about more comprehensive and robust benefits: by distinguishing between primary and secondary buoyancy components and employing closed-cell foam materials and waterproof bonding processes, the reliability and environmental durability of the structure are enhanced while ensuring buoyancy; the integrated closed-loop control system composed of attitude detection components and drive components enables precise and rapid center of gravity adjustment; the dedicated counterweight cavity layout achieves compact integration and non-interference among functional modules; and the protective skin design effectively protects the buoyancy structure from external damage. In particular, the water-sensitive ventilation valve, with its ingenious mechanical structure, ensures safe ventilation by automatically opening after the hull falls into the water, while maintaining the overall IP67 waterproof rating, thus avoiding the risk of suffocation for the injured. Meanwhile, the rollover righting wing assembly, as a purely mechanical passive hydrodynamic device, can automatically deploy with the help of the water flow impact force the moment the hull rolls into the water, providing an immediate, power-free auxiliary righting torque. Together with the active center of gravity adjustment system, it forms a dual guarantee of "passive emergency + active fine adjustment", greatly improving the survival probability and attitude recovery robustness in extremely chaotic sea conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the top structure of an embodiment of the UAV delivery cabin with self-floating and side-flipping recovery functions according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of an embodiment of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) delivery cabin with self-floating and side-flipping recovery functions according to the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of an embodiment of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) delivery cabin with self-floating and side-flipping recovery functions according to the present invention. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a water-sensitive ventilation valve structure of an embodiment of the UAV rear delivery cabin with self-floating and rollover recovery functions according to the present invention. The components include: 1. Main body of the cabin; 2. Main buoyancy components; 3. Auxiliary buoyancy components; 4. Counterweight; 5. Counterweight moving guide rail; 6. Casualty storage space; 7. Equipment mounting base plate; 8. Valve body; 9. Float; 10. Ventilation duct; 11. Side-flipping wing panel assembly. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be combined with each other.

[0018] The following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further detailed explanation of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical terms used in this invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terminology used in this invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.

[0019] like Figures 1-4 As shown, the UAV evacuation capsule disclosed in this embodiment, which has self-floating and rollover recovery functions, is dedicated to solving the survival guarantee problem after accidental fall into the water in marine and complex water environments. Through integrated structural design and intelligent adjustment mechanism, it ensures that the capsule can float stably and quickly restore a safe posture after falling into the water, providing a continuous and safe survival space for the injured person inside the capsule, while ensuring the normal operation of the medical equipment inside the capsule.

[0020] The main body 1, serving as the core load-bearing structure of the entire evacuation cabin, is constructed from high-strength aerospace-grade aluminum alloy sheets using precision welding techniques, forming a sealed evacuation space 6 for the wounded. Its dimensions have been optimized to accommodate UAV mounting requirements, while also providing space for casters to ensure convenient ground movement. The internal space of the main body 1 fully considers the needs of the wounded, providing ample space for lying down, while also allowing for redundancy in the installation of medical equipment, pipeline layout, and basic activities for the wounded. All seams of the main body 1 are treated with multi-layered high-performance sealant. A continuous sealing groove is provided at the interface between the cover and the body, with a hollow silicone sealing ring embedded within the groove. The pre-tightening force of the cover locking mechanism ensures a tight seal, achieving the required waterproof and dustproof rating for the entire main body 1. This completely prevents dust intrusion and prevents moisture from seeping into the cabin during brief immersion in water at normal temperature and pressure, effectively protecting the safety of the wounded and equipment inside.

[0021] The front of the main body 1 is designed as an openable structure, using a side-flip opening method. It is connected to the main body 1 via hinges made of corrosion-resistant material to ensure service life in humid and salt spray environments. A high-strength transparent polycarbonate observation window is installed on the inside of the front opening structure. The edge of the observation window is fixed to the main body 1 with a waterproof adhesive, maintaining the same sealing performance as the main body 1. This facilitates rescue personnel's observation of the injured person's condition and operation of medical equipment inside the cabin from outside. One end of the main body 1 has an opening for rigid stretchers to enter and exit. A design scheme with a linked top cover and side door simplifies the structure and reduces overall weight. The rigid stretcher can be quickly pushed into the cabin through this opening and positioned using a snap-lock mechanism to ensure the stretcher's stability during flight and transport.

[0022] A ring-shaped buoyancy structure is fixedly installed on the exterior of the main body 1. This structure is distributed circumferentially around the outer surface of the main body 1, forming an integrated structure with the main body 1. This avoids adding excessive wind resistance and ensures the aerodynamic performance of the UAV during flight. The ring-shaped buoyancy structure consists of multiple independently sealed buoyancy components, each of which is an independent sealed cavity. This design prevents the failure of a single buoyancy component from causing the failure of the entire buoyancy structure, ensuring redundant buoyancy performance. The multiple buoyancy components are divided into main buoyancy components 2 and auxiliary buoyancy components 3. The main buoyancy components 2 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the outer wall of the main body 1, while the auxiliary buoyancy components 3 are respectively arranged on the top and bottom outer walls of the main body 1. The main buoyancy components 2 are larger in volume than the auxiliary buoyancy components 3. Through reasonable volume distribution, the main body 1 is ensured to maintain a horizontal attitude under normal floating conditions, while providing sufficient buoyancy for righting itself after tipping over.

[0023] The outer shells of both the main buoyancy component 2 and the auxiliary buoyancy component 3 are made of the same high-strength material as the main body 1 of the hull, ensuring both structural strength and weight control. The components are filled with closed-cell foam material, which possesses excellent buoyancy performance and water resistance. Even if the outer shell is slightly damaged, the internal closed-cell foam material will not absorb water and will still maintain a certain level of buoyancy. The outer shells of the main buoyancy component 2 and the auxiliary buoyancy component 3 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main body 1 using a waterproof adhesive layer. Corrosion-resistant rivets are used for further fixing at the connection edges to ensure the firmness and airtightness of the connection between the buoyancy components and the main body 1, preventing seawater from seeping in through the connection gaps.

[0024] The annular buoyancy structure is covered with a protective skin made of flexible, wear-resistant material, possessing excellent wear resistance, tear resistance, and salt spray corrosion resistance. The protective skin completely covers the outer surface of all buoyancy components, and its edges are sealed to the outer wall of the main body 1 via pressure strips. These pressure strips are made of corrosion-resistant material and are bolted to the main body 1, ensuring a tight seal between the protective skin and the main body 1. A buffer gap is provided between the protective skin and the outer surface of the buoyancy components, with a built-in flexible buffer pad that effectively absorbs impact forces, preventing damage to the outer shell of the buoyancy components due to impact and further enhancing the reliability of the annular buoyancy structure.

[0025] An eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism is installed at the lower part of the main body 1. This mechanism is the core component for automatically righting the cabin after it rolls over. Its installation position has been precisely calculated to ensure that it will not affect the space for occupants or the layout of medical equipment inside the cabin. Near the bottom of the main body 1, an equipment mounting base plate 7 is fixedly installed. The equipment mounting base plate 7 is made of high-strength sheet metal and is connected to the inner wall of the main body 1 using both welding and bolts. The fixing strength is sufficient to withstand the weight of the medical equipment and the vibration and impact during flight. The medical equipment includes respiratory support equipment, vital sign monitoring equipment, drug infusion equipment, defibrillator equipment, etc., all of which are fixed above the equipment mounting base plate 7 using standardized mounting brackets. Rubber shock-absorbing pads are placed between the mounting brackets and the equipment mounting base plate 7 to effectively absorb vibration and protect the precision and stability of the medical equipment.

[0026] A dedicated counterweight cavity is formed beneath the equipment mounting base plate 7, providing an independent installation space for the eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism and preventing interference with other components. The counterweight moving guide rail 5 and the counterweight 4 of the eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism are both located within this counterweight cavity. The counterweight moving guide rail 5 is a linear guide rail made of corrosion-resistant material, extending longitudinally along the main body 1 of the cabin. Both ends of the guide rail are fixed to the inner bottom wall of the main body 1 by brackets, ensuring the straightness and stability of the guide rail installation and guaranteeing smooth sliding of the counterweight 4. The counterweight 4 is made of high-density material and has a rectangular shape. A slider adapted to the counterweight moving guide rail 5 is located at the bottom. The slider and guide rail use a low-friction coefficient connection method to ensure that the counterweight 4 can quickly respond to drive commands and move.

[0027] The eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism also includes a drive assembly and an attitude detection assembly. The drive assembly consists of a motor and a transmission mechanism. The motor is a DC servo motor, which has good speed regulation performance and torque output capability, and can meet the power requirements for the movement of the counterweight 4. The transmission mechanism adopts a high-precision transmission method, driving the counterweight 4 to reciprocate linearly along the counterweight moving guide rail 5 through the forward and reverse rotation of the motor. A protective cover is installed on the outside of the transmission mechanism. The protective cover is made of corrosion-resistant material and is sealed to the inner wall of the counterweight cavity to prevent moisture that may exist in the chamber from entering the transmission mechanism and affecting the transmission accuracy and service life.

[0028] The attitude detection component includes a tilt sensor and an angular velocity sensor, both of which are industrial-grade high-precision sensors. They are mounted on the equipment mounting base 7 inside the main body 1, close to the geometric center of the main body 1, ensuring the accuracy of the detection data. The attitude detection component can detect the tilt angle and tilt angular velocity of the main body 1 in real time and connects to the control terminal of the drive component via a data bus, ensuring that the detection signals are transmitted to the controller of the drive component in real time and accurately. The controller uses an embedded microprocessor with data processing, logic judgment, and command output functions. Based on the tilt angle and angular velocity data transmitted by the attitude detection component, it can automatically calculate the direction and distance that the counterweight 4 needs to move and output corresponding control signals to the motor.

[0029] When the main body of the cabin 1 capsizes due to accidental water contact, the attitude detection component immediately detects the direction and angle of tilt. When the tilt angle exceeds a set threshold, the controller activates the drive component. If the main body of the cabin 1 tilts to one side, the controller controls the motor to operate, driving the counterweight 4 to move to the opposite side of the tilt direction via the transmission mechanism. The moving speed is dynamically adjusted according to the tilt angular velocity; the greater the tilt angular velocity, the faster the counterweight 4 moves. When the counterweight 4 moves to the designated position, it changes the center of gravity of the main body of the cabin 1, shifting it to the opposite side of the tilt direction, thereby generating a continuous righting torque that pushes the main body of the cabin 1 to rotate horizontally. When the attitude detection component detects that the tilt angle of the main body of the cabin 1 is less than the set threshold, the controller controls the motor to stop rotating, and the counterweight 4 maintains its current position, ensuring that the main body of the cabin 1 remains stable in a horizontal posture.

[0030] The main body 1 of the cabin also integrates a complete set of auxiliary functional modules to ensure the survival environment of the wounded and the efficiency of rescue. A water-sensitive ventilation valve is installed on the top of the main body 1. This valve is a key component ensuring ventilation inside the cabin after it falls into the water. Its valve body 8 is made of corrosion-resistant engineering plastic and is installed on the top wall panel of the main body 1 via a threaded connection. A sealing gasket is placed between the valve body 8 and the wall panel to ensure the waterproof performance of the connection. An independent valve chamber is formed inside the valve body 8, and a float 9 is placed inside the valve chamber. The float 9 is made of lightweight closed-cell foam material, which allows it to float quickly in water. A ventilation channel 10 is opened along the axis of the valve body 8, with one end connected to the valve chamber and the other end connected to the internal space of the main body 1, ensuring that the ventilation flow meets the breathing needs of the wounded inside the cabin. When the main body of the cabin 1 is in normal flight or land transfer mode, the float 9 falls under its own weight and closely fits the inlet end of the ventilation channel 10, thereby closing the ventilation channel 10 and preventing external dust and water vapor from entering the cabin. When the main body of the cabin 1 accidentally falls into the water, seawater enters the valve chamber through the water inlet hole at the bottom of the valve body 8. The float 9 floats up under the action of buoyancy and separates from the inlet end of the ventilation channel 10, thereby opening the ventilation channel 10 and realizing the connection between the cabin interior and the external atmosphere, ensuring the normal breathing of the injured in the cabin.

[0031] The water-sensitive vent valve is also equipped with a filter screen and a one-way valve plate. The filter screen, installed at the inlet of the valve body 8, is made of corrosion-resistant material and can effectively filter impurities and sediment in seawater, preventing impurities from entering the valve cavity and affecting the normal operation of the float 9. The one-way valve plate uses a flexible sealing material and is hinged to the outlet of the vent channel 10. A torsion spring is installed on the hinge shaft, ensuring that the one-way valve plate always maintains a contact with the outlet of the vent channel 10. The one-way valve plate only allows gas to flow from the inside of the main body 1 of the cabin to the outside. When the cabin tilts or is impacted by waves, it can effectively prevent seawater from flowing back into the cabin through the vent channel 10, further improving the reliability of the ventilation system.

[0032] A side-tilt return wingplate assembly 11 is also provided on the outer side of the main body 1. This assembly serves as an auxiliary mechanism to the eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism, enabling the cabin to accelerate the return process by utilizing the force of the water flow when it tilts into the water. The pivot of the side-tilt return wingplate assembly 11 is made of corrosion-resistant material and is fixed to the outer wall of the main body 1 by welding. Each side's main buoyancy component 2 corresponds to multiple pivots, evenly distributed along the longitudinal direction of the cabin. The wingplate is made of lightweight, high-strength sheet metal with a streamlined shape. One end is connected to the pivot via a bearing, allowing it to rotate freely around the pivot. In normal flight or horizontal floating state, the wingplate adheres to the outer wall of the main body 1 by its own weight. Magnetic adsorption strips are provided between the edge of the wingplate and the outer wall of the main body 1 to ensure a tight fit and avoid wind resistance and noise during flight. When the main body of the cabin 1 flips into the water, the water flow will generate a lateral thrust on the wing plate. This thrust overcomes the attraction force of the magnetic adsorption strip and pushes the wing plate to unfold around the pivot. At the same time, the righting torque generated by the eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism accelerates the cabin's return to normal speed.

[0033] The side-tilting return wingplate assembly 11 also includes a torsion spring and a limiting block. The torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, with one end fixed to the outer wall of the main body 1 and the other end fixedly connected to the wingplate. It provides a continuous contact tendency for the wingplate, ensuring that the wingplate remains tightly attached to the outer wall of the main body 1 when not submerged in water. The limiting block is made of corrosion-resistant material and is fixed to the outer wall of the main body 1 by bolts. It is located on one side of the wingplate's deployment direction and its function is to limit the maximum deployment angle of the wingplate, preventing excessive deployment of the wingplate from affecting the cabin's return-to-righting effect or causing damage to the wingplate. When the main body 1 returns to its upright position, the wingplate, under the action of the torsion spring, can automatically reset and re-attach to the outer wall of the main body 1, restoring its initial state.

[0034] The movement and handling of the main body 1 are achieved through handles and casters. Each of the four corners of the main body 1 has a handle made of corrosion-resistant material, welded and fixed to the outer wall of the main body 1. The handles are designed in an arc shape and covered with a non-slip rubber sleeve, facilitating short-distance transport by rescue personnel. The bottom of the main body 1 has pre-installed positions for casters. The casters use a quick-connect connection, engaging with mounting bases at the bottom of the main body 1. The mounting bases contain elastic springs; once inserted, the casters are locked in place by the springs. Installation and removal are simple and quick, requiring no tools. The casters are made of wear-resistant swivel casters, providing good ground adaptability and facilitating movement of the cabin on flat surfaces such as hospital floors and ship decks.

[0035] The stretcher inside the cabin is a specialized rigid aluminum alloy stretcher, its dimensions adapted to the internal space of the cabin. The frame is made of hollow aluminum alloy tubing, ensuring structural strength while reducing weight. The stretcher surface is covered with anti-slip rubber pads to prevent displacement of the injured person during transport. Adjustable safety belts are installed on both sides of the stretcher, made of high-strength webbing with push-button quick-release buckles for easy fastening and release. The buckles also have a manual unlocking function, allowing the injured person to unfasten the safety belt themselves in an emergency for rapid disengagement.

[0036] The main body of the cabin 1 is also equipped with a comprehensive emergency safety device. Inside the cabin, near the injured person's left and right hands, there is an alarm button. These alarm buttons are waterproof, with the same protection level as the main body of the cabin, and can withstand the potentially humid environment inside. The alarm buttons are connected to a gateway module inside the cabin via wires. When the injured person encounters an emergency, pressing the alarm button will transmit the alarm signal in real time via a wireless communication module to the drone's intelligent management platform and the rear base hospital. Simultaneously, it will trigger the external audible and visual alarms, facilitating rapid location of the cabin by rescue personnel.

[0037] The main body of the cabin 1 is also equipped with an emergency parachute. The emergency parachute is installed in the parachute compartment at the top of the main body of the cabin 1. The parachute compartment is fixed to the main body of the cabin 1 with bolts. The parachute adopts a low-altitude opening design, which can quickly deploy in the event of a sudden fall of the cabin, providing cushioning protection for the cabin and the personnel inside. The parachute canopy is made of high-strength fabric, and its load-bearing capacity can meet the weight requirements of the cabin and the personnel inside. The short opening time ensures that it can play a timely role in the event of a low-altitude fall, reducing the impact force when the cabin lands or falls into the water.

[0038] The power interface of the main body 1 provides DC power via an aviation plug. The aviation plug uses a waterproof aviation connector, and the contact surfaces of the plug and socket are equipped with sealing gaskets. The protection level is the same as that of the main body 1, effectively preventing water and dust damage in both disconnected and connected states. The aviation plug has an automatic disconnection function. When the drone separates from the cabin or is accidentally pulled, the aviation plug can automatically disconnect, preventing damage to the cabin or drone due to cable pulling. At the same time, the disconnection of the aviation plug will not affect the power supply of the backup power supply inside the cabin, ensuring the continuous operation of medical equipment and emergency devices inside the cabin.

[0039] The internal communication function of the cabin achieves wireless data transmission through a self-organizing network device. The network interface connects to the gateway module inside the cabin, which is installed on top of the equipment mounting base plate 7. The gateway module is waterproof and moisture-proof, adapting to changes in the cabin's internal environment. The bandwidth of the communication system is sufficient to meet the real-time transmission needs of vital sign data and video image information of the casualties inside the cabin. A high-definition camera is installed inside the cabin, featuring a waterproof design with the same protection level as the main body 1 of the cabin. It is installed inside the main body 1 near the head, enabling real-time acquisition of images of the casualties inside the cabin. A positioning beacon is also installed inside the main body 1 of the cabin, employing a dual-mode positioning method, which can send the cabin's location information to the rescue platform in real time, facilitating rapid location and search and rescue by rescue personnel.

[0040] The environmental regulation function of the main body 1 provides a comfortable living environment for the wounded. The cabin uses air cooling, and the side walls of the main body 1 are designed with multiple ventilation holes. During flight, airflow enters the cabin through these holes, exchanging heat with the cabin air to maintain a suitable temperature. Automatic closing devices are installed in the ventilation holes; when the cabin is underwater or not in flight, these devices automatically close the ventilation holes, ensuring the cabin's waterproof performance is not affected. Additionally, the cabin is equipped with DC electric blankets laid on the stretcher surface. The temperature is regulated by a temperature controller, maintaining the wounded's body temperature in low-temperature environments and preventing hypothermia from worsening their injuries.

[0041] The rear of the main body 1 features an openable hatch for replacing oxygen cylinders. The oxygen cylinders are securely installed in a sealed compartment at the rear of the main body 1, completely isolated from the interior space of the main body 1. This ensures the airtightness of the oxygen cylinder storage area and does not compromise the overall waterproof performance of the cabin. The hatch of the sealed compartment uses a quick-opening structure, locked with a latch. Simply open the hatch to replace the oxygen cylinder; the operation is simple and quick, requiring no special tools. The oxygen cylinders provide a continuous oxygen supply to the injured, meeting the needs of long-distance transport. An oxygen concentration sensor is also installed inside the cabin to monitor the oxygen concentration in real time. When the oxygen concentration falls below a safe threshold, an alarm is automatically triggered, prompting rescue personnel to replace the oxygen cylinder or adjust the oxygen supply flow.

[0042] The design of the main body 1 fully considers environmental adaptability requirements. In addition to meeting the specified waterproof and dustproof ratings, it also meets the requirements for impact and vibration resistance, complying with relevant standards and specifications. The structure of the main body 1 has been optimized through finite element analysis, enabling it to withstand mechanical loads under conditions such as flight, rappelling, and water impact while maintaining structural integrity. All exposed components, interfaces, and observation windows of the main body 1 have undergone salt spray corrosion testing, demonstrating excellent corrosion resistance in high salt spray environments and ensuring its service life.

[0043] The main body 1 of the cabin is equipped with both drone mounting and rappelling capabilities. A dedicated mounting interface, made of corrosion-resistant material, is located on the top of the main body 1 and is compatible with the drone's mounting structure. The mounting connection is fitted with a waterproof and dustproof sealing sleeve, meeting overall waterproofing requirements. The load-bearing capacity of the mounting interface ensures a stable connection between the cabin and the drone during flight. The rappelling function is achieved through rappelling attachment points on the top of the main body 1. These attachment points are welded and fixed to the load-bearing structure of the main body 1, with sufficient load-bearing capacity for rappelling. All rappelling-related components are made of corrosion-resistant materials and have undergone anti-corrosion treatment, adapting to potentially humid environments. During rappelling, the cabin and the drone's rappelling system work together. Attitude detection components provide real-time feedback on the cabin's attitude information, and the drone's flight control system adjusts the rappelling speed and direction based on this information, ensuring the cabin lands safely and smoothly at the target location.

[0044] In summary, this implementation method, through reasonable structural design, redundant buoyancy protection, intelligent center of gravity adjustment, and comprehensive auxiliary functions, achieves reliable self-floating and automatic righting functions of the UAV evacuation capsule in harsh sea conditions. It effectively solves the problems of attitude instability, easy buoyancy failure, and poor ventilation in traditional designs, providing safe and reliable equipment support for the transfer of wounded personnel at sea and in complex water environments. At the same time, it has good environmental adaptability and ease of operation, and can be widely used in various scenarios such as maritime emergency medical rescue, cross-regional emergency rescue in remote areas, and transfer in complex environments such as plateaus and mountains.

[0045] As is known from common technical knowledge, this invention can be implemented through other embodiments that do not depart from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the disclosed embodiments described above are merely illustrative in all respects and are not the only ones. All modifications within the scope of this invention or its equivalents are included in this invention.

Claims

1. A drone delivery capsule with self-floating and rollover recovery functions, characterized in that, The device includes a main body (1), an annular buoyancy structure, and an eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism. The main body (1) forms a sealed space (6) for accommodating wounded personnel. The annular buoyancy structure is fixedly installed on the outer periphery of the main body (1). The annular buoyancy structure includes multiple independent sealed buoyancy components, which are distributed circumferentially around the outer surface of the main body (1). The eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism is located inside the lower part of the main body (1). The eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism includes a counterweight (4) and a counterweight moving guide rail (5). The counterweight (4) is slidably installed on the counterweight moving guide rail (5), which extends along the longitudinal direction of the main body (1).

2. The UAV delivery capsule with self-floating and rollover recovery functions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The annular buoyancy structure includes multiple buoyancy components, including a main buoyancy component (2) and an auxiliary buoyancy component (3). The main buoyancy component (2) is located on the outer walls of both sides of the main body of the cabin (1), and the volume of the main buoyancy component (2) is larger than that of the auxiliary buoyancy component (3). The auxiliary buoyancy component (3) is located on the top and bottom outer walls of the main body of the cabin (1). The main buoyancy component (2) and the auxiliary buoyancy component (3) are filled with closed-cell foam material, and the outer shells of the main buoyancy component (2) and the auxiliary buoyancy component (3) are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin (1) through a waterproof adhesive layer.

3. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) delivery cabin with self-floating and rollover recovery functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism also includes a drive component and an attitude detection component; the drive component includes a motor and a transmission mechanism, and the motor is connected to the counterweight (4) through the transmission mechanism; the attitude detection component includes an inclination sensor and an angular velocity sensor, and the attitude detection component is set inside the main body of the cabin (1); the attitude detection component detects the tilt angle and angular velocity of the main body of the cabin (1) in real time, and the signal output terminal of the attitude detection component is connected to the control terminal of the drive component.

4. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) delivery cabin with self-floating and rollover recovery functions as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The drive assembly controls the motor to drive the counterweight (4) to move along the counterweight moving guide rail (5) through the transmission mechanism based on the tilt direction and angle of the main body (1) detected by the attitude detection assembly. When the main body (1) tilts to one side, the drive assembly controls the counterweight (4) to move to the opposite side of the tilt direction, thereby generating a righting torque by changing the center of gravity position of the main body (1).

5. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) delivery cabin with self-floating and rollover recovery functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The main body (1) of the cabin is also provided with an equipment mounting base plate (7), which is fixed inside the main body (1) near the bottom. The medical equipment is fixedly installed above the equipment mounting base plate (7). The space below the equipment mounting base plate (7) forms a counterweight cavity, and the counterweight moving guide rail (5) and counterweight (4) of the eccentric center of gravity adjustment mechanism are set in the counterweight cavity.

6. The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) delivery cabin with self-floating and rollover recovery functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the annular buoyancy structure is also covered with a protective skin. The protective skin is made of flexible and wear-resistant material. The protective skin completely covers the outer surface of multiple buoyancy components. The edge of the protective skin is sealed to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin (1).

7. A UAV delivery capsule with self-floating and rollover recovery functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A water-sensitive vent valve is installed on the top of the main body (1). The water-sensitive vent valve includes a valve body (8), a float (9), and a vent channel (10). The valve body (8) is installed on the top wall panel of the main body (1), and a valve cavity is formed inside the valve body (8). The float (9) is located in the valve cavity. The vent channel (10) connects the valve cavity with the internal space of the main body (1). When the main body (1) is in a normal state, the float (9) closes the vent channel (10) by its own weight. When the main body (1) falls into the water, water enters the valve cavity, and the float (9) floats up and opens the vent channel (10).

8. A UAV delivery capsule with self-floating and rollover recovery functions as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The water-sensitive vent valve also includes a filter screen and a one-way valve plate; the filter screen is located at the inlet of the valve body (8); the one-way valve plate is hinged at the outlet of the venting channel (10), and the one-way valve plate only allows gas to flow from the inside of the main body of the cabin (1) to the outside.

9. A UAV delivery capsule with self-floating and rollover recovery functions as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A side-flipping wing plate assembly (11) is also provided on the outside of the main body (1). The side-flipping wing plate assembly (11) includes a pivot and a wing plate. The pivot is fixed to the outer wall of the main body (1). The wing plate is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the main body (1) through the pivot. The wing plate is attached to the outer wall of the main body (1) in the normal state of the main body (1). The wing plate unfolds under the action of water flow when the main body (1) flips into the water.

10. A UAV delivery capsule with self-floating and rollover recovery functions according to claim 9, characterized in that, The side-flipping wing assembly (11) also includes a torsion spring and a limiting block; the torsion spring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, one end of the torsion spring is fixed to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin (1), and the other end of the torsion spring is fixed to the wing plate; the limiting block is fixed to the outer wall of the main body of the cabin (1), and the limiting block restricts the maximum unfolding angle of the wing plate; the wing plate maintains the tendency to fit against the outer wall of the main body of the cabin (1) under the action of the torsion spring.

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