Device and method for increasing yield of oil gas through synergistic pyrolysis of waste tire colloidal particles and coal

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste recycling and coal chemical industry synergistic pyrolysis, in particular to a device and method for increasing the yield of oil gas through synergistic pyrolysis of waste tire colloidal particles and coal. The feeding module receives colloidal particles and an external coal source, and the colloidal particles and the external coal source are mixed in proportion through a spiral feeder and then conveyed to the pyrolysis module; the pyrolysis module is used for indirectly heating the mixed material and generating a pyrolysis reaction to generate a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and a solid product; the cooling module carries out indirect heat exchange cooling on the solid product and generates a byproduct steam; the dust removal module performs multi-stage dust removal on oil gas; and the separation and recovery module is used for separating a tar product and qualified coal gas through spray cooling, indirect cooling and electric trapping treatment. Through the synergistic pyrolysis effect of the tire colloidal particles and the coal, the oil gas yield is increased, resource utilization of the waste tires is achieved, and solid waste accumulation and environmental pollution are reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of solid waste resource utilization and coal chemical co-pyrolysis technology, and in particular to an apparatus and method for increasing oil and gas production through co-pyrolysis of waste tire rubber particles and coal. Background Technology

[0002] Coal pyrolysis is a process of thermally decomposing coal under oxygen-deficient conditions through heating, producing products such as tar, coal gas, and semi-coke. Waste tire disposal technology utilizes pyrolysis to convert tire rubber particles into fuel oil, combustible gas, and carbon black. In co-pyrolysis applications, coal and waste tire rubber particles are mixed and fed together. Because tire rubber contains a large amount of polymers, the volatile substances released during pyrolysis interact with the intermediates produced by coal pyrolysis. This synergistic effect promotes the pyrolysis reaction, thereby increasing oil and gas yield. The thermal stability of coal combined with the high hydrogen content of tires optimizes the distribution of pyrolysis products, enabling increased oil and gas production during resource recovery.

[0003] Existing coal pyrolysis and waste tire disposal technologies suffer from the following technical challenges: Firstly, during coal pyrolysis alone, the limited pyrolysis reaction efficiency leads to insufficient oil and gas generation, resulting in low resource utilization. Secondly, the large-scale accumulation of waste tires as solid waste, with their rich rubber components failing to be effectively recycled, not only causes potential energy waste but also triggers environmental pollution. The root cause lies in the lack of optimized schemes for the co-pyrolysis of coal and tire rubber particles. These technologies fail to utilize the active substances released during tire rubber particle pyrolysis to promote the coal pyrolysis reaction, thus hindering efficient resource conversion and solid waste reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an apparatus and method for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, thereby solving the technical problems of low oil and gas yield from coal pyrolysis alone and the ineffective utilization of accumulated waste tire solid waste, which leads to resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the specific contents of the present invention are as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an apparatus for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, comprising a rubber particle preparation module, a feeding module, a pyrolysis module, a cooling module, a dust removal module, and a separation and recovery module; The rubber particle preparation module is configured to cut, grind and magnetically separate waste tires to output rubber particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. The feeding module is configured to receive the granules output from the granule preparation module and the coal transported externally, and then mix them in a predetermined ratio using a screw feeder before transporting them to the pyrolysis module. The pyrolysis module is configured to indirectly heat the mixture in an oxygen-free environment, and to carry out a pyrolysis reaction at a temperature of 500-550 degrees Celsius to generate a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The cooling module is configured to receive the high-temperature solid product output by the pyrolysis module, cool the solid product to 60 degrees Celsius through indirect heat exchange, and generate by-product steam at the same time. The dust removal module is configured to receive the high-temperature oil-gas mixture output by the pyrolysis module and reduce the dust content in the oil-gas to less than 5 micrograms per standard cubic meter through multi-stage dust removal treatment. The separation and recovery module is configured to receive the high-temperature oil and gas processed by the dust removal module, and then separate the tar products and qualified coal gas through spray cooling, indirect cooling and electrostatic capture.

[0006] Furthermore, in the device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, the rubber particle preparation module of the present invention includes a cutting unit, a stripping unit, a cutting block unit, a grinding unit, and a magnetic separation unit connected in sequence. The cutting unit cuts the tire into strips and conveys them to the stripping unit; The stripping unit extrudes the mouth ring to separate the steel wires, and then conveys the mouth ring skin and strip-shaped material to the cutting unit. The cutting unit cuts the material into 50mm×50mm blocks and conveys them to the grinding unit; The grinding unit grinds the blocky material and separates the colloid particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm through a sieve, which are then conveyed to the magnetic separation unit. The magnetic separation unit removes fine fibers from the granules using an electromagnet before outputting the product.

[0007] Furthermore, in the device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, the feeding module of the present invention includes a rubber particle silo, a coal silo, a belt conveyor, a silo, and a screw feeder. The granule bin receives the granules output by the granule preparation module, and the coal bin receives coal from outside. The belt conveyor is equipped with a metering scale to transport the rubber particles and coal to the silo in proportion; The lower part of the hopper is connected to the screw feeder, and a hydraulic slide valve is installed between the hopper and the screw feeder; The screw feeder transports the mixture to the pyrolysis module.

[0008] Furthermore, in the device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles and coal to increase oil and gas production, the pyrolysis module of the present invention adopts a rotary kiln structure, and a hot air furnace and a regeneration hot air furnace are set on its exterior. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot blast stove indirectly heats the rotary kiln through radiant tubes. The feed inlet of the rotary kiln is connected to the screw feeder for receiving the mixed materials; The rotary kiln undergoes a pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-free environment at 500-550 degrees Celsius. Its solid discharge port is connected to the cooling module, and its oil and gas outlet is connected to the dust removal module.

[0009] Furthermore, in the device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, the cooling module adopts a vertical furnace structure, and its upper part is connected to the solid discharge port of the pyrolysis module through an expansion joint. The vertical furnace is equipped with heat exchange coils inside; The high-temperature solid product enters the top of the vertical furnace from the pyrolysis module, falls under the action of gravity, and exchanges heat with the working fluid in the heat exchange coil. The cooled solid product is discharged from the bottom of the vertical furnace, and steam at 3.8 MPa is generated during the heat exchange process.

[0010] Furthermore, in the device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, the dust removal module of the present invention includes a cyclone dust collector and a high-temperature filter tube dust collector arranged in series. The high-temperature oil-gas mixture enters the cyclone dust collector from the pyrolysis module for primary dust removal; The oil and gas that have undergone primary dust removal enter the high-temperature filter tube dust collector for fine filtration; The dust removal module is equipped with a back-flushing system to remove dust from the surface of the filter tube, a regeneration system to restore the performance of the filter tube, and an ash conveying system to output the collected dust.

[0011] Furthermore, in the device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, the high-temperature filter tube dust collector is arranged in a parallel configuration of three units. When one high-temperature filter tube dust collector starts the backflushing regeneration program, the oil and gas passage is switched to the other two high-temperature filter tube dust collectors for processing.

[0012] Furthermore, in the device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, the separation and recovery module of the present invention includes a direct cooling tower, an ammonia water clarification tank, an indirect horizontal cooler, an electrostatic precipitator for tar, and a gas blower. The high-temperature oil and gas from the dust removal module enters the direct cooling tower and is cooled to 85 degrees Celsius by circulating ammonia water spray. The cooled gas-liquid mixture enters the ammonia water clarification tank for oil-water separation, separating out heavy tar. The coal gas from the ammonia clarifier enters the indirect cross-cooler for staged cooling, separating out light tar; The cooled coal gas enters the electrostatic precipitator for deep purification, and after being pressurized by the coal gas blower, qualified coal gas is output.

[0013] Furthermore, in the device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, the separation and recovery module of the present invention is also equipped with a coal gas distribution system. A portion of the qualified gas output from the gas blower is sent to the hot blast stove and regeneration hot blast stove of the pyrolysis module as fuel, a portion is sent to the regeneration system of the dust removal module as a heat source, and the remaining portion is output as a product; unqualified gas is sent to the flare system.

[0014] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for increasing oil and gas production through the co-pyrolysis of waste tire rubber particles and coal, applied to the apparatus described above, comprising: Waste tires are cut, ground, and magnetically separated to prepare rubber particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. The granules are mixed with coal in a predetermined ratio and then conveyed to the pyrolysis unit by a screw feeder. In an oxygen-free environment, the mixture is indirectly heated and pyrolyzed at 500-550 degrees Celsius to produce a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The high-temperature solid product is cooled by indirect heat exchange to reduce its temperature to 60 degrees Celsius, while steam is produced as a byproduct. The high-temperature oil-gas mixture is subjected to multi-stage dust removal treatment to reduce its dust content to less than 5 micrograms per standard cubic meter; The high-temperature oil and gas after dust removal are subjected to spray cooling, indirect cooling and electrostatic capture to separate tar products and qualified coal gas.

[0015] Beneficial effects of this invention; This invention utilizes a granule preparation module to cut, grind, and magnetically separate waste tires, obtaining uniform granules with a diameter of less than 5 mm. A feeding module mixes the granules with coal in a predetermined ratio and then feeds them to a pyrolysis module. Pyrolysis occurs in an anaerobic environment through indirect heating. The volatile substances released during the pyrolysis of the tire granules synergistically interact with the coal pyrolysis intermediates, promoting the depth of the pyrolysis reaction and significantly increasing oil and gas yield. The pyrolysis module employs a rotary kiln structure combined with indirect heating to avoid material coking. The melting characteristics of the granules effectively bind coal powder, reducing dust generation. A cooling module recovers waste heat from solid products and generates steam as a byproduct through a vertical furnace heat exchange structure. A dust removal module uses multi-stage filtration to reduce the dust content in the oil and gas to below 5 micrograms per standard cubic meter. A separation and recovery module achieves efficient separation of tar products and qualified coal gas through graded cooling and purification. A coal gas distribution system returns a portion of the qualified coal gas to the pyrolysis and dust removal modules as fuel, forming an internal energy cycle. The entire device, through modular and collaborative design, increases oil and gas production while simultaneously realizing the resource utilization of waste tires and reducing the environmental pressure caused by solid waste accumulation. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a process flow diagram for producing rubber granules from waste tires according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a process flow diagram of the co-pyrolysis process of tire rubber particles and coal to increase oil and gas production according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical solution of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention provided by various embodiments will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. To better understand the purpose of the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below.

[0020] Please see Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The present invention provides a device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, comprising a rubber particle preparation module, a feeding module, a pyrolysis module, a cooling module, a dust removal module, and a separation and recovery module; The rubber particle preparation module is configured to cut, grind and magnetically separate waste tires to output rubber particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. The feeding module is configured to receive the granules output from the granule preparation module and the coal transported externally, and then mix them in a predetermined ratio using a screw feeder before transporting them to the pyrolysis module. The pyrolysis module is configured to indirectly heat the mixture in an oxygen-free environment, and to carry out a pyrolysis reaction at a temperature of 500-550 degrees Celsius to generate a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The cooling module is configured to receive the high-temperature solid product output by the pyrolysis module, cool the solid product to 60 degrees Celsius through indirect heat exchange, and generate by-product steam at the same time. The dust removal module is configured to receive the high-temperature oil-gas mixture output by the pyrolysis module and reduce the dust content in the oil-gas to less than 5 micrograms per standard cubic meter through multi-stage dust removal treatment. The separation and recovery module is configured to receive the high-temperature oil and gas processed by the dust removal module, and then separate the tar products and qualified coal gas through spray cooling, indirect cooling and electrostatic capture.

[0021] This invention provides a device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production. It integrates multiple functional modules to achieve the synergistic treatment of solid waste resource utilization and coal chemical processes. The overall design of the device is based on the needs of continuous industrial production, organically combining waste tire pretreatment with coal pyrolysis to improve oil and gas yield and optimize product distribution.

[0022] The tire pellet preparation module is responsible for converting waste tires into raw materials suitable for pyrolysis. This module employs a multi-stage physical processing method, sequentially performing strip cutting, wire stripping, block cutting, grinding, and magnetic separation on the tires. The strip cutting unit cuts the entire tire into strip-shaped materials for easier subsequent processing; the wire stripping unit extrudes and separates the steel wires from the tire bead portion, recovering the steel wires and outputting the bead skin; the block cutting unit further divides the strip-shaped materials into block-shaped pieces; the grinding unit breaks down the block-shaped materials through mechanical grinding and uses a sieve to screen out tire pellets with a diameter smaller than a predetermined size; the magnetic separation unit finally removes residual metal impurities from the tire pellets through electromagnetic adsorption. This series of processes ensures the uniformity and purity of the tire pellets, providing ideal raw materials for the subsequent pyrolysis reaction, while avoiding damage to the pyrolysis equipment from foreign matter.

[0023] The feeding module receives the output from the granule preparation module and introduces an external coal source for precise mixing. The module includes components such as a granule silo, a coal silo, a belt conveyor, a feed silo, and a screw feeder. The granule silo stores the pre-treated granules, the coal silo receives incoming coal, and the belt conveyor, equipped with a metering device, transports the granules and coal to the feed silo according to a predetermined ratio. The lower part of the feed silo is connected to the screw feeder via a hydraulic gate valve; the opening and closing of the valve regulates the feeding rate, and the screw feeder uniformly delivers the mixture to the pyrolysis module. This design ensures the stability of material mixing, avoids stratification or blockage, and provides homogeneous feeding conditions for the pyrolysis reaction. The mixing ratio is selected based on the synergistic effect of the high hydrogen content of tire granules and the pyrolysis characteristics of coal, aiming to improve pyrolysis efficiency through the interaction of active components.

[0024] The pyrolysis module indirectly heats the mixture in an oxygen-free environment to achieve the pyrolysis reaction. The module employs a rotary kiln structure, with a hot blast stove and a regeneration hot blast stove located outside the kiln body. High-temperature flue gas indirectly heats the materials inside the kiln through radiant tubes. A screw feeder is connected to the rotary kiln inlet, receiving the mixture and pyrolyzing it within a specific temperature range to generate a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and solid products. The kiln design considers uniform heat distribution, and the indirect heating method avoids coking problems caused by direct contact. During the pyrolysis reaction, the melting characteristics of tire rubber particles help bind coal powder, reducing dust generation, while simultaneously promoting the release of volatile substances and synergistically reacting with coal pyrolysis intermediates, thereby increasing the oil-gas yield.

[0025] The cooling module processes the high-temperature solid products after pyrolysis, achieving heat recovery through a vertical furnace structure. The upper part of the furnace is connected to the solid discharge port of the pyrolysis module via an expansion joint, and heat exchange coils are arranged inside. The high-temperature solid products fall under gravity, indirectly exchanging heat with the working fluid inside the coils, and are discharged after being cooled to a predetermined temperature. Steam generated during the heat exchange process is output as a byproduct, improving energy efficiency. The cooling process design emphasizes heat transfer stability, avoiding solid product agglomeration or thermal stress concentration in the equipment.

[0026] The dust removal module purifies high-temperature oil-gas mixtures using a multi-stage dust removal strategy. The module consists of a cyclone dust collector and a high-temperature filter tube dust collector connected in series. The cyclone dust collector first removes large-diameter particles, while the high-temperature filter tube dust collector performs fine filtration, reducing the dust content in the oil-gas to extremely low levels. The dust removal module is equipped with a back-flushing system and a regeneration system to periodically remove accumulated dust from the filter tubes and restore their performance. The dust conveying system outputs the collected dust. This multi-stage dust removal design extends equipment lifespan while ensuring the smooth operation of subsequent separation processes. The high-temperature filter tube dust collectors are arranged in parallel, allowing the system to continue operating while a single unit is being maintained, thus improving operational flexibility.

[0027] The separation and recovery module ultimately converts the purified oil and gas into tar products and qualified coal gas. The module includes a direct cooling tower, an ammonia clarifier, an indirect cross-cooler, an electrostatic precipitator, and a gas blower. High-temperature oil and gas first enter the direct cooling tower, where heavy tar is separated after being cooled by circulating ammonia spray. The gaseous components enter the indirect cross-cooler for staged cooling, precipitating light tar. The remaining coal gas undergoes deep purification in the electrostatic precipitator and is then pressurized and output by the blower. The coal gas distribution system recirculates a portion of the qualified coal gas back to the pyrolysis and dust removal modules as fuel, while the remaining portion is exported for utilization. Unqualified coal gas is introduced into the flare system. This staged cooling and purification method optimizes product recovery rates and simultaneously achieves internal energy recycling.

[0028] In summary, the various modules of the device, through sequential connection and functional complementarity, construct a complete technology chain from waste tire processing to oil and gas enhancement. The tire granule preparation ensures raw material adaptability, the feeding module achieves precise proportioning, the pyrolysis module generates core reaction products, the cooling and dust removal module optimizes intermediate processing, and the separation and recovery module provides final purified output. This design fully utilizes the synergistic pyrolysis characteristics of tire granules and coal, achieving the dual goals of solid waste reduction and resource enhancement in industrial applications.

[0029] The granule preparation module achieves refined processing of waste tires through the sequential connection of a strip-cutting unit, a wire stripping unit, a block-cutting unit, a grinding unit, and a magnetic separation unit. The strip-cutting unit cuts the tires into strips for easier processing in subsequent units; the wire stripping unit extrudes the tire bead, separating the steel wire byproduct and conveying the bead skin along with the strips; the block-cutting unit further cuts the material into block structures, optimizing the feeding conditions for the grinding unit; the grinding unit repeatedly grinds the block material, separating granules that meet size requirements through a sieve; the magnetic separation unit uses electromagnets to remove fine fibers trapped in the granules, improving granule purity. Each unit is connected by conveyor equipment, and the sequential material flow ensures processing efficiency. The logical relationship is that the output of the preceding unit directly serves as the input of the subsequent unit, forming a continuous granule preparation production line.

[0030] The feeding module includes a granule silo, a coal silo, a belt conveyor, a material silo, and a screw feeder, enabling precise mixing and conveying of granules and coal. The granule silo receives granules from the granule preparation module, while the coal silo receives coal from external sources. The belt conveyor, equipped with a metering scale, mixes the granules and coal in a predetermined ratio and conveys them to the material silo. The screw feeder is connected to the bottom of the material silo, with a hydraulic gate valve controlling the feed rate. The screw feeder evenly conveys the mixture to the pyrolysis module. All components of the module work collaboratively, with the metering scale ensuring accurate mixing ratios and the hydraulic gate valve regulating the continuity of feeding, thus providing a stable material base for the pyrolysis reaction.

[0031] The pyrolysis module employs a rotary kiln structure, with an external hot blast stove and regeneration hot blast stove providing the heat source. High-temperature flue gas generated by the hot blast stove indirectly heats the rotary kiln through radiant tubes. The rotary kiln's feed inlet is connected to a screw feeder to receive the mixed materials. The pyrolysis reaction takes place in an oxygen-free environment and within a specific temperature range, generating a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The rotary kiln's solid outlet is connected to a cooling module, and the oil-gas outlet is connected to a dust removal module. Logically, the indirect heating method avoids material contamination, and the continuous rotation of the rotary kiln promotes pyrolysis uniformity, ensuring the reaction products smoothly enter the downstream processing unit.

[0032] The cooling module adopts a vertical furnace structure, with the upper part connected to the solid discharge port of the pyrolysis module via an expansion joint. Heat exchange coils are installed inside the vertical furnace; high-temperature solid products enter the top of the vertical furnace from the pyrolysis module, fall under gravity, and exchange heat with the working fluid in the heat exchange coils; the cooled solid products are discharged from the bottom, with steam being produced as a byproduct of the heat exchange process. The logical relationship is reflected in the expansion joint compensating for thermal deformation, gravity flow simplifying operation, and the heat exchange coils efficiently recovering heat, achieving safe cooling of the solid products and energy reuse.

[0033] The dust removal module includes a cyclone dust collector and a high-temperature filter tube dust collector connected in series to handle high-temperature oil-gas mixtures. The high-temperature oil-gas enters the cyclone dust collector from the pyrolysis module for primary dust removal, removing large dust particles. The oil-gas, after primary dust removal, enters the high-temperature filter tube dust collector for fine filtration, reducing the dust content to a low level. The module is equipped with a back-flushing system to remove accumulated ash from the filter tube surface, a regeneration system to restore filter tube performance, and an ash conveying system to output the collected dust. This logical relationship results in multi-stage dust removal that progressively improves purification efficiency, while the back-flushing and regeneration systems ensure continuous operation and reduce equipment maintenance frequency.

[0034] Multiple high-temperature filter tube dust collectors are arranged in parallel. When one unit starts its backflushing regeneration process, the oil and gas passage automatically switches to the remaining dust collectors for processing. This arrangement improves system reliability through parallel structure, ensures that the overall dust removal efficiency is not affected during backflushing regeneration, and adapts to the continuous processing requirements of high-temperature oil and gas.

[0035] The separation and recovery module includes a direct cooling tower, an ammonia clarification tank, an indirect cross-cooler, an electrostatic precipitator, and a gas blower, which treats the high-temperature oil and gas after dust removal. The high-temperature oil and gas enters the direct cooling tower, where it is cooled by circulating ammonia spray, condensing heavy tar. The cooled gas-liquid mixture enters the ammonia clarification tank for oil-water separation. The gas exiting the clarification tank enters the indirect cross-cooler for staged cooling, separating light tar. The cooled gas then enters the electrostatic precipitator for deep purification, and finally, the gas blower pressurizes and outputs qualified gas. Logically, the cooling and separation steps proceed sequentially: the direct cooling tower rapidly lowers the temperature, the indirect cross-cooler refines the separation, and the electrostatic precipitator improves the gas quality, forming a complete oil and gas recovery chain.

[0036] The separation and recovery module also includes a gas distribution system. A portion of the qualified gas output from the gas blower is supplied to the hot blast stove and regeneration hot blast stove of the pyrolysis module as fuel, another portion is supplied to the regeneration system of the dust removal module as a heat source, and the remaining portion is output as product. Unqualified gas is supplied to the flare system. This logical relationship ensures internal energy circulation through gas distribution, reducing external dependence, while the flare system handles abnormal situations, improving the overall economic efficiency and safety of the process.

[0037] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for increasing oil and gas production through the co-pyrolysis of waste tire rubber particles and coal, applied to the apparatus described above, comprising: Waste tires are cut, ground, and magnetically separated to prepare rubber particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. The granules are mixed with coal in a predetermined ratio and then conveyed to the pyrolysis unit by a screw feeder. In an oxygen-free environment, the mixture is indirectly heated and pyrolyzed at 500-550 degrees Celsius to produce a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The high-temperature solid product is cooled by indirect heat exchange to reduce its temperature to 60 degrees Celsius, while steam is produced as a byproduct. The high-temperature oil-gas mixture is subjected to multi-stage dust removal treatment to reduce its dust content to less than 5 micrograms per standard cubic meter; The high-temperature oil and gas after dust removal are subjected to spray cooling, indirect cooling and electrostatic capture to separate tar products and qualified coal gas.

[0038] This invention addresses the technical problems of low oil and gas yield during coal pyrolysis alone and the ineffective utilization of accumulated waste tire solid waste. It provides an apparatus and method for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production. Background technology indicates that oil and gas generation is insufficient during coal pyrolysis, while tire rubber particles are rich in polymer components. The active substances released during pyrolysis can synergistically react with coal pyrolysis intermediates, thereby improving pyrolysis efficiency. The specific implementation method, based on the needs of continuous industrial production, organically combines tire pretreatment with coal pyrolysis, achieving efficient resource conversion through modular design.

[0039] In the granule preparation stage, waste tires are first cut into strips by a slitting unit. These strips are then conveyed to a stripping unit where the tire casings are extruded to separate the steel wire byproducts. The casings and strips then enter a dicing unit. The dicing unit breaks the material into block structures, which are then repeatedly ground by a grinding unit. A sieve is used to screen out granules with a diameter of less than 5 mm. Finally, the granules pass through a magnetic separation unit where electromagnets adsorb and remove fine fibers, ensuring raw material purity. This process forms a continuous granule preparation line, providing uniform raw materials for pyrolysis.

[0040] The rubber granules output from the granule preparation module, along with externally supplied coal, enter the feeding module. The granule silo stores the granules, while the coal silo receives the coal. A belt conveyor equipped with a metering scale mixes the materials proportionally and then transports them to the silo. A screw feeder is connected to the bottom of the silo via a hydraulic slide valve, which uniformly feeds the mixture to the pyrolysis module. The mixing ratio is set based on the synergistic effect of the high hydrogen content of the tire rubber granules and the pyrolysis characteristics of coal, preventing material stratification or blockage and providing stable feeding conditions for the pyrolysis reaction.

[0041] The pyrolysis module employs a rotary kiln structure, with an external hot blast stove and a regeneration hot blast stove. High-temperature flue gas indirectly heats the kiln interior through radiant tubes. The mixed materials undergo pyrolysis in an oxygen-free environment at 500-550 degrees Celsius, generating a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The solid discharge port of the rotary kiln is connected to a cooling module, and the oil-gas outlet is connected to a dust removal module. This indirect heating method avoids coking problems, and the melting characteristics of tire rubber particles promote coal powder adhesion, reducing dust generation.

[0042] High-temperature solid products enter a vertical furnace within the cooling module. The upper part of the furnace is connected to a pyrolysis module via an expansion joint, and heat exchange coils are arranged inside. The solid products fall under gravity, indirectly exchanging heat with the working fluid inside the coils. After cooling to 60 degrees Celsius, they are discharged. The heat exchange process produces 3.8 MPa steam as a byproduct, achieving heat recovery. The expansion joint compensates for thermal deformation, gravity flow simplifies operation, and improves energy utilization efficiency.

[0043] The high-temperature oil-gas mixture enters the dust removal module, where it first passes through a cyclone dust collector to remove large particles, and then enters a high-temperature tube filter dust collector for fine filtration, reducing the dust content to below 5 micrograms per standard cubic meter. The dust removal module is equipped with a back-flushing system to remove accumulated dust from the filter tubes, a regeneration system to restore performance, and an ash conveying system to remove the dust. Three high-temperature tube filter dust collectors are arranged in parallel; when one starts its back-flushing process, the oil-gas passage switches to the remaining equipment to ensure continuous operation.

[0044] The purified high-temperature oil and gas enter the separation and recovery module. First, it is cooled to 85 degrees Celsius by circulating ammonia water spray in a direct cooling tower, condensing heavy tar. The gas-liquid mixture then enters an ammonia water clarification tank for oil-water separation. The separated gas enters an indirect cross-cooler for staged cooling, precipitating light tar. The cooled gas then undergoes further purification by an electrostatic precipitator, and qualified gas is output under pressure by a gas blower. The gas distribution system returns a portion of the qualified gas to the pyrolysis and dust removal modules as fuel, while the remainder is exported. Unqualified gas is introduced into the flare system, forming an internal energy cycle.

[0045] This invention involves cutting, grinding, and magnetically separating waste tires to prepare rubber granules. The granules are then mixed with coal in a specific ratio and conveyed to a pyrolysis unit via a screw feeder. The pyrolysis reaction is carried out in an anaerobic environment through indirect heating, generating high-temperature oil and gas and solid products. The solid products are used for indirect heat exchange to cool the byproduct steam. The oil and gas undergo multi-stage dust removal, followed by spray cooling, indirect cooling, and electrostatic precipitation to separate tar and coal gas. The modules are sequentially connected, utilizing the synergistic effect of tire rubber granules and coal to achieve solid waste reduction and resource value-added in industrial applications.

[0046] In the process of coal pyrolysis alone, oil and gas generation is insufficient, resulting in low resource utilization. Simultaneously, waste tires accumulate in large quantities as solid waste, and their rubber components cannot be effectively recovered, leading to energy waste and environmental pollution. This invention provides a device and method for increasing oil and gas production through the synergistic pyrolysis of waste tire rubber particles and coal. The device mixes and pyrolyzes tire rubber particles with coal, utilizing the synergistic effect to improve oil and gas yield and achieve solid waste resource recovery. The device design is based on the needs of continuous industrial production, integrating a rubber particle preparation module, a feeding module, a pyrolysis module, a cooling module, a dust removal module, and a separation and recovery module. These modules are sequentially connected to form a complete technology chain.

[0047] The granule preparation module first physically processes the waste tires. The slitting unit cuts the entire tire into strips, the stripping unit separates the steel wires from the bead by extrusion, the block-cutting unit divides the material into block structures, the grinding unit mechanically grinds and screens out granules with a diameter smaller than a specific size, and the magnetic separation unit finally removes metal impurities using electromagnets, outputting pure granules. This process ensures the uniformity of the raw materials, providing ideal feeding conditions for the pyrolysis reaction. The processing procedure of the granule preparation module is as follows: Figure 1 The diagram illustrates the continuous conversion from whole tires to tire granules. The feeding module receives tire granules from the granule preparation module and external coal. Granule and coal silos store the materials separately. A belt conveyor equipped with a weighing scale mixes the tire granules and coal in a predetermined ratio. The feed rate from the silos is regulated by a hydraulic gate valve, and a screw feeder uniformly delivers the mixture to the pyrolysis module. The mixing ratio is set based on the synergistic effect of the high hydrogen content of the tire granules and the pyrolysis characteristics of coal, preventing material stratification and ensuring pyrolysis stability.

[0048] The pyrolysis module employs a rotary kiln structure, with an external hot blast stove and a regeneration hot blast stove. High-temperature flue gas indirectly heats the kiln interior through radiant tubes. The mixed materials undergo pyrolysis within a specific temperature range in an oxygen-free environment, generating a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The indirect heating method of the rotary kiln avoids coking problems caused by direct contact. The melting characteristics of tire rubber particles help bind coal powder, reducing dust generation. Simultaneously, the volatile substances released during the pyrolysis of the rubber particles interact with the coal pyrolysis intermediates, promoting the depth of the cracking reaction and significantly increasing the oil and gas yield. The high-temperature solid products enter the cooling module from the rotary kiln's solid discharge port. The cooling module adopts a vertical furnace structure with internal heat exchange coils. The solid products fall under gravity and indirectly exchange heat with the working fluid inside the coils. After the temperature drops to a low level, they are discharged. Steam is produced as a byproduct during the heat exchange process, achieving heat recovery. The high-temperature oil-gas mixture enters the dust removal module from the rotary kiln's oil-gas outlet. This module includes a cyclone dust collector and a high-temperature filter tube dust collector connected in series. The cyclone dust collector removes large-diameter particles, while the high-temperature filter tube dust collector performs fine filtration, reducing the dust content to extremely low levels. The dust removal module is equipped with a back-flushing system and a regeneration system to ensure continuous operation. The purified high-temperature oil-gas then enters the separation and recovery module. A direct-cooling tower cools the oil-gas through a circulating ammonia water spray, condensing heavy tar. The gas-liquid mixture undergoes oil-water separation in an ammonia water clarification tank. The gas then enters an indirect horizontal cooler for staged cooling and separation of light tar. An electrostatic precipitator further purifies the gas, and a gas blower pressurizes and outputs qualified gas. The gas distribution system returns a portion of the qualified gas to the pyrolysis and dust removal modules as fuel, while the remainder is exported for utilization, forming an internal energy cycle. The entire co-pyrolysis process flow diagram is shown below. Figure 2 As shown, the connection between the modules and the flow of materials are presented.

[0049] This invention organically combines waste tire pretreatment with coal pyrolysis through modular design. The introduction of tire rubber particles optimizes the distribution of pyrolysis products, and the synergistic effect not only increases oil and gas yield but also reduces the environmental pressure caused by solid waste accumulation. The device does not rely on external energy during operation, and internal coal gas recirculation reduces energy consumption. In industrial applications, it can achieve efficient resource conversion and pollution reduction.

[0050] Embodiment 1 of this invention: In a coal chemical industrial park, waste tires are first processed by a rubber granule preparation module, which includes a strip-cutting unit, a stripping unit, a block-cutting unit, a grinding unit, and a magnetic separation unit. The strip-cutting unit cuts the entire tire into strips, which are then conveyed to the stripping unit to extrude the bead ring, separating out the steel wire byproduct. The bead ring skin and the strips are then fed into the block-cutting unit. The block-cutting unit divides the material into 50mm × 50mm blocks. These blocks are repeatedly ground by the grinding unit, and rubber granules with a diameter less than 5mm are screened out using a sieve. Finally, the rubber granules are separated by a magnetic separation unit using an electromagnet to remove fine fibers, outputting pure rubber granules. This process ensures the uniformity of the raw materials, providing ideal feeding conditions for the pyrolysis reaction. The rubber granule preparation process is as follows: Figure 1 As shown, this demonstrates a continuous transformation from whole tires to rubber pellets.

[0051] The tire granules from the granule preparation module and the incoming coal enter the feeding module. The granules are stored in the granule silo, while the coal silo receives the coal. A belt conveyor equipped with a metering scale mixes the materials in a 1:1 ratio and transports them to the silo. A screw feeder is connected to the bottom of the silo via a hydraulic slide valve, which evenly conveys the mixture to the pyrolysis module. The mixing ratio is set based on the synergistic effect of the high hydrogen content of the tire granules and the pyrolysis characteristics of coal, avoiding material stratification or blockage and ensuring pyrolysis stability. The pyrolysis module uses a rotary kiln structure with an external hot air furnace and a regeneration hot air furnace. High-temperature flue gas indirectly heats the kiln interior through radiant tubes. The mixture undergoes a pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-free environment at 500-550°C, generating a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The solid outlet of the rotary kiln is connected to a cooling module, and the oil-gas outlet is connected to a dust removal module. The indirect heating method avoids coking problems, and the melting characteristics of the tire granules promote coal powder adhesion, reducing dust generation.

[0052] High-temperature solid products enter a vertical furnace in the cooling module. The upper part of the furnace is connected to a pyrolysis module via an expansion joint, and heat exchange coils are arranged inside. The solid products fall under gravity, indirectly exchanging heat with the working fluid in the coils. After cooling to 60°C, they are discharged. 3.8MPa steam is produced as a byproduct of the heat exchange process, achieving heat recovery. The high-temperature oil-gas mixture enters the dust removal module. Large particles are first removed by a cyclone dust collector, and then finely filtered by a high-temperature tube filter dust collector, reducing the dust content to below 5μg / Nm³. The dust removal module is equipped with a backflushing system and a regeneration system. Three high-temperature tube filter dust collectors are arranged in parallel. When one starts its backflushing program, the oil-gas passage switches to the remaining equipment to ensure continuous operation. The purified high-temperature oil-gas enters the separation and recovery module. The direct cooling tower is cooled to 85°C by circulating ammonia water spray, condensing heavy tar. The gas-liquid mixture then enters an ammonia water clarification tank for oil-water separation. After separation, the coal gas enters an indirect cross-cooler for staged cooling, precipitating light tar. The cooled coal gas then undergoes further purification via an electrostatic precipitator, and is finally pressurized and output as qualified coal gas by a gas blower. The coal gas distribution system recirculates a portion of the qualified coal gas back to the pyrolysis and dust removal modules as fuel, while the remainder is exported. Unqualified coal gas is introduced into the flare system, forming an internal energy cycle. The co-pyrolysis process is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the connection between the modules is illustrated.

[0053] In Embodiment 2 of this invention, the method focuses on optimizing operating parameters to improve oil and gas yield. Waste tires are cut, ground, and magnetically separated to prepare rubber particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. These particles are mixed with coal in a 1:1 ratio and then conveyed to the pyrolysis unit via a screw feeder. The pyrolysis reaction is carried out in an anaerobic environment with indirect heating, the temperature controlled at 500-550°C, and the pyrolysis time adjusted according to the material characteristics, generating high-temperature oil and gas and solid products. The solid products are cooled by indirect heat exchange in a vertical furnace, outputting clean coal at a temperature of 60°C, while the by-product steam is used for heating the plant area. After multi-stage dust removal, the dust content of the oil and gas is reduced to below 5 μg / Nm³, and then tar and coal gas are separated through spray cooling, indirect cooling, and electrostatic precipitation. The results show that the oil yield reaches 27.5%-30%, and the coal gas production is 250 Nm³ per ton, which is higher than the pyrolysis index of pulverized coal alone. The introduction of tire rubber granules optimizes the distribution of pyrolysis products. During the melting process, the granules bind fine coal powder, reducing dust collection load and extending the service life of filter dust collectors. The calorific value of the mixture of carbon black and clean coal is increased, achieving both solid waste reduction and resource value enhancement.

Claims

1. A device for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production, characterized in that, It includes a granule preparation module, a feeding module, a pyrolysis module, a cooling module, a dust removal module, and a separation and recovery module; The rubber particle preparation module is configured to cut, grind and magnetically separate waste tires to output rubber particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. The feeding module is configured to receive the granules output from the granule preparation module and the coal transported externally, and then mix them in a predetermined ratio using a screw feeder before transporting them to the pyrolysis module. The pyrolysis module is configured to indirectly heat the mixture in an oxygen-free environment, and to carry out a pyrolysis reaction at a temperature of 500-550 degrees Celsius to generate a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The cooling module is configured to receive the high-temperature solid product output by the pyrolysis module, cool the solid product to 60 degrees Celsius through indirect heat exchange, and generate by-product steam at the same time. The dust removal module is configured to receive the high-temperature oil-gas mixture output by the pyrolysis module and reduce the dust content in the oil-gas to less than 5 micrograms per standard cubic meter through multi-stage dust removal treatment. The separation and recovery module is configured to receive the high-temperature oil and gas processed by the dust removal module, and then separate the tar products and qualified coal gas through spray cooling, indirect cooling and electrostatic capture.

2. The apparatus for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The granule preparation module includes a strip cutting unit, a fiber stripping unit, a block cutting unit, a grinding unit, and a magnetic separation unit connected in sequence; The cutting unit cuts the tire into strips and conveys them to the stripping unit; The stripping unit extrudes the mouth ring to separate the steel wires, and then conveys the mouth ring skin and strip-shaped material to the cutting unit. The cutting unit cuts the material into 50mm×50mm blocks and conveys them to the grinding unit; The grinding unit grinds the blocky material and separates the colloid particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm through a sieve, which are then conveyed to the magnetic separation unit. The magnetic separation unit removes fine fibers from the granules using an electromagnet before outputting the product.

3. The apparatus for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feeding module includes a granule bin, a coal bin, a belt conveyor, a silo, and a screw feeder; The granule bin receives the granules output by the granule preparation module, and the coal bin receives coal from outside. The belt conveyor is equipped with a metering scale to transport the rubber particles and coal to the silo in proportion; The lower part of the hopper is connected to the screw feeder, and a hydraulic slide valve is installed between the hopper and the screw feeder; The screw feeder transports the mixture to the pyrolysis module.

4. The apparatus for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pyrolysis module adopts a rotary kiln structure, and a hot air furnace and a regeneration hot air furnace are installed on its exterior. The high-temperature flue gas generated by the hot blast stove indirectly heats the rotary kiln through radiant tubes. The feed inlet of the rotary kiln is connected to the screw feeder for receiving the mixed materials; The rotary kiln undergoes a pyrolysis reaction in an oxygen-free environment at 500-550 degrees Celsius. Its solid discharge port is connected to the cooling module, and its oil and gas outlet is connected to the dust removal module.

5. The apparatus for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cooling module adopts a vertical furnace structure, and its upper part is connected to the solid discharge port of the pyrolysis module through an expansion joint; The vertical furnace is equipped with heat exchange coils inside; The high-temperature solid product enters the top of the vertical furnace from the pyrolysis module, falls under the action of gravity, and exchanges heat with the working fluid in the heat exchange coil. The cooled solid product is discharged from the bottom of the vertical furnace, and steam at 3.8 MPa is generated during the heat exchange process.

6. The apparatus for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dust removal module includes a cyclone dust collector and a high-temperature filter tube dust collector arranged in series. The high-temperature oil-gas mixture enters the cyclone dust collector from the pyrolysis module for primary dust removal; The oil and gas that have undergone primary dust removal enter the high-temperature filter tube dust collector for fine filtration; The dust removal module is equipped with a back-flushing system to remove dust from the surface of the filter tube, a regeneration system to restore the performance of the filter tube, and an ash conveying system to output the collected dust.

7. The apparatus for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production according to claim 6, characterized in that, The high-temperature filter tube dust collector is configured with three units connected in parallel. When one high-temperature filter tube dust collector starts the backflushing regeneration program, the oil and gas passage is switched to the other two high-temperature filter tube dust collectors for processing.

8. The apparatus for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production according to claim 1, characterized in that, The separation and recovery module includes a direct cooling tower, an ammonia clarification tank, an indirect horizontal cooler, an electrostatic precipitator for tar, and a gas blower. The high-temperature oil and gas from the dust removal module enters the direct cooling tower and is cooled to 85 degrees Celsius by circulating ammonia water spray. The cooled gas-liquid mixture enters the ammonia water clarification tank for oil-water separation, separating out heavy tar. The coal gas from the ammonia clarifier enters the indirect cross-cooler for staged cooling, separating out light tar; The cooled coal gas enters the electrostatic precipitator for deep purification, and after being pressurized by the coal gas blower, qualified coal gas is output.

9. The apparatus for co-pyrolyzing waste tire rubber particles with coal to increase oil and gas production according to claim 8, characterized in that, The separation and recovery module is also equipped with a gas distribution system; A portion of the qualified gas output from the gas blower is sent to the hot blast stove and regeneration hot blast stove of the pyrolysis module as fuel, a portion is sent to the regeneration system of the dust removal module as a heat source, and the remaining portion is output as a product; unqualified gas is sent to the flare system.

10. A method for increasing oil and gas production through co-pyrolysis of waste tire rubber particles and coal, applied to the apparatus for increasing oil and gas production through co-pyrolysis of waste tire rubber particles and coal as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, include: Waste tires are cut, ground, and magnetically separated to prepare rubber particles with a diameter of less than 5 mm. The granules are mixed with coal in a predetermined ratio and then conveyed to the pyrolysis unit by a screw feeder. In an oxygen-free environment, the mixture is indirectly heated and pyrolyzed at 500-550 degrees Celsius to produce a high-temperature oil-gas mixture and high-temperature solid products. The high-temperature solid product is cooled by indirect heat exchange to reduce its temperature to 60 degrees Celsius, while steam is produced as a byproduct. The high-temperature oil-gas mixture is subjected to multi-stage dust removal treatment to reduce its dust content to less than 5 micrograms per standard cubic meter; The high-temperature oil and gas after dust removal are subjected to spray cooling, indirect cooling and electrostatic capture to separate tar products and qualified coal gas.

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