Hinge type three-degree-of-freedom composite hinge

Abstract

The invention discloses a hinge type three-degree-of-freedom composite hinge which comprises a front connecting piece, a rear connecting piece, a middle connecting piece, an X-direction rotating shaft, a Y-direction rotating shaft, a Z-direction rotating shaft and a fastening nut. Wherein one side of the front connecting piece is connected with one side of the middle connecting piece through an X-direction rotating shaft; the other side of the rear connecting piece is connected with the other side of the middle connecting piece through a Y-direction rotating shaft, a Z-direction rotating shaft and a fastening nut. The hinge type three-degree-of-freedom composite hinge has degrees of freedom in three directions, can realize a control surface rotation function, and also can effectively solve the problem of clamping stagnation caused by control surface mounting errors and control surface deformation; the structure is simple, parts are easy to disassemble and assemble, and maintenance and replacement are convenient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aircraft design and manufacturing technology, and particularly relates to a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge. Background Technology

[0002] With advancements in composite material technology, its use in aircraft design and manufacturing is gradually increasing. Functional and load-bearing components in lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are also being gradually replaced by composite materials with higher specific strength. Hinges are an important structural element in aircraft, primarily used to connect rotating control surfaces to fixed wing surfaces.

[0003] For lightweight drones, hinges typically use miniature bearings or leverage the toughness of Kevlar to achieve relative rotation. The advantages of this type of hinge are its lightweight and high efficiency, but it has the following drawbacks: 1) complex structure and complex parts manufacturing; 2) poor maintainability and replaceability of the hinge structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge with three degrees of freedom. In addition to realizing the function of rudder surface rotation, it can also effectively solve the jamming problem caused by rudder surface installation error and rudder surface deformation. The structure is simple, the parts are easy to disassemble and assemble, and it is convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention discloses a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, comprising: a front connector, a rear connector, a middle connector, an X-axis pivot, a Y-axis pivot, a Z-axis pivot, and a fastening nut; wherein, the front connector is connected to one side of the middle connector via the X-axis pivot; and the rear connector is connected to the other side of the middle connector via the Y-axis pivot, the Z-axis pivot, and the fastening nut.

[0006] In the aforementioned hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, the front connector, the middle connector, and the X-axis pivot jointly realize the X-axis rotation function; the middle connector, the Y-axis pivot, and the fastening nut jointly realize the Y-axis rotation function; and the rear connector, the Y-axis pivot, and the Z-axis pivot jointly realize the Z-axis rotation function.

[0007] In the aforementioned hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, a pivot mounting hole A is provided on one side of the middle connector, and a pivot mounting hole B is provided at the center of the other side; wherein, the axis of the pivot mounting hole A is orthogonal to the axis of the pivot mounting hole B; the pivot mounting hole A is used to install the X-axis pivot, realizing the connection between the middle connector and the front connector; the pivot mounting hole B is used to install the Y-axis pivot, realizing the connection between the middle connector and the rear connector.

[0008] In the aforementioned hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, the center of the front connector is provided with a pivot mounting hole C, and the two sides of the pivot mounting hole C are mounting surfaces A; wherein, the pivot mounting hole C is used to install the X-axis pivot, and in conjunction with the pivot mounting hole A, the connection between the front connector and the middle connector is realized; the mounting surface A is used to connect with the main wing stringer.

[0009] In the aforementioned hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, the Y-axis has a T-shaped structure, comprising a hollow cylindrical section and a solid cylindrical section; wherein the hollow cylindrical section and the solid cylindrical section are orthogonally arranged; one end of the solid cylindrical section is connected to the hollow cylindrical section, and the other end is provided with an external thread for installing a fastening nut; the solid cylindrical section is installed in the shaft mounting hole B and locked by the fastening nut to prevent the parts from coming out; the Z-axis is installed inside the hollow cylindrical section.

[0010] In the aforementioned hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, a pivot mounting hole D is provided on one side of the rear connector, and a mounting surface B is provided on the other side; wherein, the pivot mounting hole D is used to install the Z-axis pivot, which, together with the hollow cylindrical section of the Y-axis pivot, realizes the connection between the rear connector and the middle connector; the mounting surface B is used to connect with the main beam of the rudder surface.

[0011] In the aforementioned hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, an opening is provided in the middle of the mounting surface B to achieve weight reduction.

[0012] In the aforementioned hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, the front connector, rear connector, and middle connector are all made of carbon fiber composite material; the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis are all made of metal material.

[0013] The present invention has the following advantages: (1) This invention discloses a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, which has three degrees of freedom in three directions. In addition to realizing the function of rudder surface rotation, it can also effectively solve the jamming problem caused by rudder surface installation error and rudder surface deformation.

[0014] (2) This invention discloses a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge. The front and rear connecting parts are made of carbon fiber composite material. The structure is flexible and can be connected to the main wing stringer and the main rudder beam by gluing or bolting. It has a wide range of applications.

[0015] (3) The present invention discloses a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, the parts are easy to disassemble and assemble, and can be easily inspected and partially replaced.

[0016] (4) This invention discloses a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, which is small in size and light in weight, and can achieve the purpose of weight reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of a middle connector in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a front connector in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Y-axis rotating shaft in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a rear connector in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an X-axis rotating shaft in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a Z-axis rotating shaft in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the first stage assembly process of a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the second-stage assembly process of a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the third stage assembly process of a hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the embodiments disclosed in the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Reference Figure 1 In this embodiment, the hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge includes: a front connector 1, a rear connector 2, a middle connector 3, an X-axis rotating shaft 4, a Y-axis rotating shaft 5, a Z-axis rotating shaft 6, and a fastening nut 7. The front connector 1 is connected to one side of the middle connector 3 via the X-axis rotating shaft 4; the rear connector 2 is connected to the other side of the middle connector 3 via the Y-axis rotating shaft 5, the Z-axis rotating shaft 6, and the fastening nut 7. The front connector 1, the middle connector 3, and the X-axis rotating shaft 4 together achieve X-axis rotation; the middle connector 3, the Y-axis rotating shaft 5, and the fastening nut 7 together achieve Y-axis rotation; and the rear connector 2, the Y-axis rotating shaft 5, and the Z-axis rotating shaft 6 together achieve Z-axis rotation.

[0020] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, a pivot mounting hole A301 is provided on one side of the middle connector 3, and a pivot mounting hole B302 is provided at the center of the other side. The axis of the pivot mounting hole A301 is orthogonal to the axis of the pivot mounting hole B302. The pivot mounting hole A301 is used to install the X-axis pivot 4, connecting the middle connector 3 to the front connector 1. The pivot mounting hole B302 is used to install the Y-axis pivot 5, connecting the middle connector 3 to the rear connector 2.

[0021] In this embodiment, as Figure 3 As shown, the front connector 1 has a pivot mounting hole C102 at its center, with mounting surfaces A101 on both sides of the pivot mounting hole C102. The pivot mounting hole C102 is used to mount the X-axis pivot 4, which, together with the pivot mounting hole A301, connects the front connector 1 to the middle connector 3. The mounting surface A101 is used to connect to the main wing spars. The mounting surface A101 and the main wing spars can be connected by adhesive bonding, mechanical connection, or a combination of adhesive bonding and mechanical connection. When using adhesive bonding, the mounting surface A101 can be designed as a square plane for easy bonding. Of course, the shape of the mounting surface A101 can be adjusted according to the actual situation. For example, when the main wing surface uses a circular tail boom, the shape of the mounting surface A101 can be designed as a circle to match it. When using mechanical connection, only holes need to be drilled in the mounting surface A101.

[0022] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 As shown, the Y-axis rotating shaft 5 has a T-shaped structure, including a hollow cylindrical section 501 and a solid cylindrical section 502. The hollow cylindrical section 501 and the solid cylindrical section 502 are orthogonally arranged. One end of the solid cylindrical section 502 is connected to the hollow cylindrical section 501, and the other end has an external thread for installing a fastening nut 7. The solid cylindrical section 502 is installed in the rotating shaft mounting hole B302 and locked by the fastening nut 7 to prevent parts from falling out. The Z-axis rotating shaft 6 is installed inside the hollow cylindrical section 501.

[0023] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the rear connector 2 has a shaft mounting hole D202 on one side and a mounting surface B201 on the other side. The shaft mounting hole D202 is used to mount the Z-axis shaft 6, which, together with the hollow cylindrical section 501 of the Y-axis shaft 5, connects the rear connector 2 to the middle connector 3. The mounting surface B201 is used to connect to the main rudder beam. The mounting surface B201 and the main rudder beam can be connected by adhesive bonding. The shape of the mounting surface B201 is determined by the shape of the main rudder beam; for example, the shape of the mounting surface B201 can be designed as an arc shape adapted to the main rudder beam. Furthermore, an opening 203 is provided in the middle of the mounting surface B201 to achieve weight reduction.

[0024] In this embodiment, the front connector 1, the rear connector 2, and the middle connector 3 are all made of carbon fiber composite material. For carbon fiber composite parts such as the front connector 1, the rear connector 2, and the middle connector 3, corresponding molds can be designed according to the part form, and then the corresponding carbon fiber composite parts are prepared by performing lay-up, pressurization, curing, and other processes according to the conventional carbon fiber composite part production process.

[0025] In this embodiment, the X-axis rotating shaft 4, Y-axis rotating shaft 5, and Z-axis rotating shaft 6 are all made of metallic materials. The structures of the X-axis rotating shaft 4 and Z-axis rotating shaft 6 are as follows: Figure 6 , 7 As shown, it is cylindrical; for conventional metal parts such as X-axis shaft 4 and Z-axis shaft 6, finished products can be purchased directly, or they can be simply machined into shape. Since Y-axis shaft 5 serves as both the Y-axis shaft and the bushing of the Z-axis shaft, complex metal parts such as Y-axis shaft 5 can be machined into one piece, or they can be welded together from two pipes and then threaded at the end.

[0026] In this embodiment, the diameters of the X-axis rotating shaft 4, the Z-axis rotating shaft 6, and the solid cylindrical section 502 can be determined according to the force conditions of the hinge. For example, the diameters of the X-axis rotating shaft 4, the Z-axis rotating shaft 6, and the solid cylindrical section 502 are typically 3mm to 5mm.

[0027] In this embodiment, the shape and dimensions of the mounting surface A101 of the front connector 1 can be determined according to the shape of the main wing connection position; the inner diameter of the pivot mounting hole C102 of the front connector 1 can be determined according to the diameter of the X-axis pivot 4. The overall thickness of the front connector 1 is approximately 2~3mm; the height of the pivot mounting hole C102 is approximately 1 / 2 of the overall height of the front connector 1.

[0028] In this embodiment, the shape and dimensions of the mounting surface B201 of the rear connector 2 can be determined according to the shape of the rudder surface connection structure; the inner diameter of the shaft mounting hole D202 can be determined according to the diameter of the Z-axis shaft 6. The overall thickness of the rear connector 2 is approximately 2~3mm; the shaft mounting hole D202 includes two symmetrically arranged parts, each of which is approximately 1 / 4 of the overall width of the rear connector 2.

[0029] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical section 501 of the Y-axis rotating shaft 5 can be determined based on the diameter of the Z-axis rotating shaft 6; the wall thickness of the hollow cylindrical section 501 of the Y-axis rotating shaft 5 is approximately 2~3mm.

[0030] In this embodiment, the length of the solid cylindrical section 502 of the Y-axis rotating shaft 5 can be determined based on the relative distance between the main wing and the control surface to ensure that the solid cylindrical section 502 does not interfere with the rotating shaft mounting hole C102 during rotation. The width of the hollow cylindrical section 501 of the Y-axis rotating shaft 5 needs to match the rotating shaft mounting hole D202 of the rear connector 2, and the width of the hollow cylindrical section 501 is approximately 1 / 2 of the total width of the rear connector 2.

[0031] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the shaft mounting hole A301 of the central connector 3 can be determined based on the diameter of the X-axis shaft 4; the wall thickness of the shaft mounting hole A301 is approximately 2-3 mm. The shaft mounting hole A301 comprises two symmetrically arranged parts, each part having a height approximately 1 / 4 of the total height of the central connector 3; the distance between the two parts matches the height of the shaft mounting hole C102, ensuring that the shaft mounting hole C102 can be accommodated between the two symmetrically arranged parts of the shaft mounting hole A301. The length of the shaft mounting hole B302 of the central connector 3 matches the length of the solid cylindrical section 502 of the Y-axis shaft 5, and sufficient space is provided for the installation of the fastening nut 7.

[0032] In this embodiment, the assembly process of the hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge is as follows: First, assemble the rear connector 2, the Y-axis rotating shaft 5, and the Z-axis rotating shaft 6 to obtain component A, which has Z-axis rotation capability, as shown below. Figure 8 As shown.

[0033] Then, install the middle connector 3 and tighten it with the fastening nut 7 to obtain component B, which has Y-axis and Z-axis rotation capabilities, as shown below. Figure 9 As shown.

[0034] Finally, by installing the front connector 1 and the X-axis pivot 4, a three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge with X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis rotation is obtained, as shown below. Figure 10 As shown.

[0035] In this embodiment, during use, the hinges simply need to be glued or screwed to the main wing stringer and the control surface main spars according to the designed positions. During maintenance, the hinges can be disassembled and reassembled to replace specific parts.

[0036] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention by utilizing the methods and techniques disclosed above without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solutions of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

[0037] The contents not described in detail in this specification are common knowledge to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge, characterized in that, include: The front connector (1), rear connector (2), middle connector (3), X-axis rotating shaft (4), Y-axis rotating shaft (5), Z-axis rotating shaft (6) and fastening nut (7); wherein, the front connector (1) is connected to one side of the middle connector (3) through the X-axis rotating shaft (4); the rear connector (2) is connected to the other side of the middle connector (3) through the Y-axis rotating shaft (5), the Z-axis rotating shaft (6) and the fastening nut (7).

2. The hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front connector (1), the middle connector (3) and the X-axis rotating shaft (4) together realize the X-axis rotation function; the middle connector (3), the Y-axis rotating shaft (5) and the fastening nut (7) together realize the Y-axis rotation function; the rear connector (2), the Y-axis rotating shaft (5) and the Z-axis rotating shaft (6) together realize the Z-axis rotation function.

3. The hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The middle connector (3) has a pivot mounting hole A (301) on one side and a pivot mounting hole B (302) at the center of the other side; wherein the axis of the pivot mounting hole A (301) is orthogonal to the axis of the pivot mounting hole B (302); the pivot mounting hole A (301) is used to install the X-axis pivot (4) to realize the connection between the middle connector (3) and the front connector (1); the pivot mounting hole B (302) is used to install the Y-axis pivot (5) to realize the connection between the middle connector (3) and the rear connector (2).

4. The hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge according to claim 3, characterized in that, The front connector (1) has a pivot mounting hole C (102) at its center, and mounting surfaces A (101) are on both sides of the pivot mounting hole C (102). The pivot mounting hole C (102) is used to install the X-axis pivot (4), and works with the pivot mounting hole A (301) to connect the front connector (1) and the middle connector (3). The mounting surface A (101) is used to connect with the main wing stringer.

5. The hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge according to claim 3, characterized in that, The Y-axis rotating shaft (5) has a T-shaped structure, including a hollow cylindrical section (501) and a solid cylindrical section (502); the hollow cylindrical section (501) and the solid cylindrical section (502) are orthogonally arranged; one end of the solid cylindrical section (502) is connected to the hollow cylindrical section (501), and the other end is provided with an external thread for installing a fastening nut (7); the solid cylindrical section (502) is installed in the rotating shaft mounting hole B (302) and locked by the fastening nut (7) to prevent the parts from coming out; the Z-axis rotating shaft (6) is installed in the hollow cylindrical section (501).

6. The hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge according to claim 5, characterized in that, The rear connector (2) has a shaft mounting hole D (202) on one side and a mounting surface B (201) on the other side; wherein, the shaft mounting hole D (202) is used to install the Z-axis shaft (6), which, together with the hollow cylindrical section (501) of the Y-axis shaft (5), realizes the connection between the rear connector (2) and the middle connector (3); the mounting surface B (201) is used to connect with the main beam of the rudder surface.

7. The hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge according to claim 6, characterized in that, An opening (203) is provided in the middle of the mounting surface B (201) to achieve weight reduction.

8. The hinge-type three-degree-of-freedom composite material hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front connector (1), rear connector (2) and middle connector (3) are all made of carbon fiber composite material; the X-axis rotating shaft (4), Y-axis rotating shaft (5) and Z-axis rotating shaft (6) are all made of metal material.

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