A flat car underframe detection support device and detection method

Abstract

The application provides a flat car chassis detection support device and a detection method, and relates to the field of flat car chassis detection.The device comprises a pull pillow support assembly and a joint support assembly.The pull pillow support assembly comprises a support disc, two side bearing measurement reference plates are arranged on a base, the two side bearing measurement reference plates are symmetrically arranged about the support disc, and the reference surface of the side bearing measurement reference plate is lower than the support surface of the support disc.The joint support assembly comprises a center disc measurement reference plate, two side bearing support plates are arranged on a base, the side bearing support plates are used for supporting the side bearings on both sides of the chassis joint, the side bearing support plates are used for supporting the side bearings at the end of the chassis joint, the two side bearing support plates are symmetrically arranged about the center disc measurement reference plate, the support surface of the side bearing support plate is higher than the reference surface of the center disc measurement reference plate, and the support surface of the side bearing support plate is higher than the support surface of the support disc.The application can improve the detection precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of flatcar underframe inspection, and more particularly to a flatcar underframe inspection support device and inspection method. Background Technology

[0002] The articulated flatcar is based on a multi-unit modular combination and mainly consists of end modules, intermediate modules and joint modules. The end modules are equipped with end traction pillows and connecting beams that can install various chain couplers. The intermediate modules are assembled from side beams, cross beams and other components. The joint modules cooperate with the bogie through structures such as spherical center plate and upper side bearing to achieve flexible connection between adjacent car bodies.

[0003] Core components such as side beams, cross beams, and end bolsters are processed through CNC cutting and bending. The components are then welded together. Welding often introduces manufacturing errors, requiring precision testing of the welded base frame, including base frame torsion deformation, center plate mounting surface accuracy, and side bearing height. In existing technologies, the welded base frame is supported on corresponding tooling, which provides four-point support for the base frame. When the above technical solution is adopted, during the lowering process of the base frame, its own weight will seek the most stable release method. The weight of the base frame is transmitted through its structure and locally transformed into a force that forces it to deform until all four points are in contact with the load. This generates additional bending moments that are self-balancing within the structure. These bending moments are not caused by external active loads, but are internally generated, mutually restraining stresses that are forcibly coordinated to reconcile mismatched constraints. They cause the base frame to undergo elastic deformation, which masks the true geometric state of the base frame and leads to inaccurate measurements. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical problem of inaccurate detection caused by deformation due to the four-point support of the flatcar chassis in the prior art, this invention provides a flatcar chassis detection support device and detection method, which can improve detection accuracy.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a flatcar underframe testing support device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, including a bolster support assembly and a joint support assembly. The bolster support assembly includes a base one, on which a support plate is rotatably mounted. The support plate supports the bolster of the underframe. Two side bearing measuring reference plates are mounted on the base one, symmetrically arranged about the support plate. The reference surface of the side bearing measuring reference plate is lower than the support surface of the support plate. The joint support assembly includes a base two, which is arranged along the length of the underframe. A center plate measuring reference plate is mounted on the base two, and two side bearing support plates are mounted on the base two. The side bearing support plates support the side bearings on both sides of the underframe joint and the side bearings at the end of the underframe joint. The two side bearing support plates are symmetrically arranged about the center plate measuring reference plate. The support surface of the side bearing support plate is higher than the reference surface of the center plate measuring reference plate, and the support surface of the side bearing support plate is higher than the support surface of the support plate.

[0006] This invention, by employing a three-point support system based on the self-balancing principle of spherical pairs, fundamentally eliminates the forced elastic deformation of the base frame caused by over-constraint in traditional four-point support systems. This allows the base frame to be in a free state without additional internal stress during testing, thereby enabling it to truly and accurately reflect its inherent geometric shape and achieving high-precision testing.

[0007] Furthermore, a mounting seat is provided on the base, and a ball seat is rotatably provided at the inner end of the mounting seat, on which the support plate is mounted.

[0008] Furthermore, the center plane of the support plate is coplanar with the center plane of the first base, the center planes of the first base and the second base are coplanar, and at least two positioning holes are vertically provided on the support plate. The multiple positioning holes are symmetrical about the center plane of the support plate, and positioning pins are detachably installed in the positioning holes.

[0009] This invention, by setting positioning pins and positioning holes, ensures that the center plane of the under-frame under test is coplanar with the center plane of the device. This fundamentally avoids measurement benchmark confusion and measurement errors caused by lateral offset or deflection, ensuring that all measurement data (such as torsional deformation and side bearing height difference) are obtained under the same reference coordinate system, exhibiting high consistency and comparability. Furthermore, it ensures that the under-frame's adjustment posture remains consistent with its design posture during automatic leveling via the spherical mandrel, thus accurately reproducing its theoretical stress state in the vehicle. Ultimately, the test results not only accurately reflect the dimensional tolerances of individual components but also precisely assess the form and position tolerances and assembly relationships of the entire under-frame system, providing the most fundamental guarantee for product quality.

[0010] Furthermore, both the first base and the second base include a seat body, a support plate is provided on the upper part of the seat body, and a reinforcing rib plate is provided on the outer surface of the seat body.

[0011] Furthermore, an adjusting pad is detachably installed on the upper surface of the side bearing support plate.

[0012] The present invention can adjust the support height of the side support plate by setting adjustment pads to adapt to the base frame of different sizes, thereby improving the flexibility of the device.

[0013] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for detecting a flatcar underframe, using the aforementioned flatcar underframe detection support device, comprising the following steps: S01: Adjust the relative distance between the base one and / or the base two according to the frame size, and adjust the height of the side bearing support plate; S02: The underframe to be tested is hoisted and placed on the flatcar underframe testing support device, and positioned by the positioning pin through the bolt holes at the corresponding positions on the underframe to be tested, so that the traction end of the underframe is supported by the support plate, and the joint end of the underframe is supported by the two side bearing support plates. The support plate rotates adaptively to achieve self-balancing and leveling. S03: Measure the deformation of the base frame.

[0014] This invention transforms the complex geometric tolerance testing of base frame torsion, center plate flatness, and side bearing height into a simple and reliable dimensional measurement operation. It achieves an organic unity of high-precision testing, rapid operation, and low-cost maintenance, effectively improving the reliability of test results and production efficiency, and significantly reducing the adjustment costs and energy consumption caused by misjudgment.

[0015] Furthermore, in S03, the measurement of the torsional deformation of the base frame is included. A measuring tool is used to measure the vertical distances D1 and D2 from the mounting surfaces of the side bearings on both sides of the base frame's bolster end to the reference surface of the corresponding side bearing measuring reference plate. The difference between D1 and D2 is the amount of torsional deformation of the bolster end of the base frame to be measured.

[0016] This invention utilizes a pre-set side bearing measurement reference plane under three-point support as the sole reference. Operators only need to use conventional measuring tools (such as a steel ruler) to measure the vertical distance from the mounting surfaces of the left and right side bearings of the base frame to the corresponding reference plane. By calculating the difference between the two, the amount of torsional deformation can be obtained directly and accurately. This design not only completely eliminates the subjective errors and operational uncertainties caused by finding or establishing measurement references, but also significantly reduces the technical dependence and training costs of operators due to its simple steps and clear logic. At the same time, it ensures the high repeatability and objectivity of the test data, providing a solid guarantee for rapid and accurate quality judgment on the production line.

[0017] Furthermore, in S03, the measurement of the height of the joint end bearing is included. A wedge plug gauge is placed between the mounting surface of the joint end bearing of the underframe to be measured and the corresponding bearing support plate, and the vertical gap between the mounting surface of the joint end bearing and the corresponding bearing support plate is directly measured using the wedge plug gauge.

[0018] This invention uses a high-precision side bearing support surface on the support device as a unified reference. Operators only need to use simple tools such as wedge gauges to measure the gap between the side bearing mounting surface and the reference surface to directly obtain accurate height deviation data. This design not only eliminates the dependence on the absolute coordinate system and the systematic errors introduced by traditional height measurement, but also significantly improves the detection speed and consistency of results due to its intuitive operation and simple tools, providing a reliable basis for rapid and accurate quality judgment and process adjustment on the production line.

[0019] Furthermore, in S03, the accuracy measurement of the base plate is included. Four measurement points are selected in the area of ​​the base plate to be measured opposite to the measurement reference surface of the base plate. The four measurement points include two longitudinal measurement points distributed along the length direction of the base plate and two transverse measurement points distributed along the width direction of the base plate. Using a measuring tool, the vertical distance between the four measurement points and the measurement reference surface of the base plate is measured respectively. The difference between the distance values ​​of the two longitudinal measurement points is the longitudinal tilt of the base plate, and the difference between the distance values ​​of the two transverse measurement points is the transverse tilt of the base plate.

[0020] This invention uses the center plate measurement reference plane as a reference and selects four characteristic endpoints in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the center plate mounting surface for distance measurement. This transforms the complex geometric tolerance detection into a simple dimensional measurement and calculation. It not only eliminates the cumulative error caused by inconsistent references, but also fully reveals the spatial geometric quality of the mounting surface with minimal measurement cost, providing an efficient and reliable data foundation for precise adjustment and quality control.

[0021] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages: This invention provides a flatcar underframe inspection support device and inspection method. By employing a three-point support system based on the self-balancing principle of spherical pairs, it fundamentally eliminates the forced elastic deformation of the underframe caused by over-constraint in traditional four-point support systems. This allows the underframe to be in a free state without additional internal stress during inspection, thus accurately reflecting its inherent geometric shape and achieving high-precision inspection. By setting positioning pins and positioning holes, it ensures that the center plane of the underframe under test is coplanar with the center plane of the device, fundamentally avoiding measurement benchmark confusion and measurement errors caused by lateral offset or deflection. This ensures that all measurement data (such as torsional deformation and side bearing height difference) are obtained under the same reference coordinate system, exhibiting high consistency and comparability. Adjustable shims allow for adjustment of the support height of the side bearing support plate to accommodate underframes of different sizes, improving the flexibility of the device. The complex detection of underframe torsion, center plate flatness, and side bearing height tolerances is transformed into a simple and reliable dimensional measurement operation, achieving an organic unity of high-precision inspection, rapid operation, and low-cost maintenance, effectively improving the reliability of inspection results and production efficiency. This design significantly improves efficiency and reduces adjustment costs and energy consumption caused by misjudgment. Using a pre-set side bearing measurement reference surface under three-point support as the sole reference, operators only need to use conventional measuring tools (such as a steel ruler) to measure the vertical distance from the left and right side bearing mounting surfaces of the base frame to the corresponding reference surface, and directly and accurately obtain the torsional deformation by calculating the difference. Using a high-precision side bearing support surface on the support device as a unified reference, operators only need to use simple tools such as wedge gauges to measure the gap between the side bearing mounting surface and this reference surface to directly obtain accurate height deviation data. This design not only eliminates the dependence on the absolute coordinate system and the systematic errors introduced in traditional height measurement, but also offers intuitive operation and simple tools. By using the center plate measurement reference surface as a benchmark and selecting four characteristic endpoints in the longitudinal and transverse directions of the center plate mounting surface for distance measurement, the complex geometric tolerance detection is transformed into simple dimensional measurement and calculation. This not only eliminates the cumulative errors caused by inconsistent benchmarks, but also comprehensively reveals the spatial geometric quality of the mounting surface with minimal measurement cost, providing an efficient and reliable data foundation for precise adjustment and quality control. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the joint support component in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the traction pillow support assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the traction support assembly in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the support plate and the mounting base in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 This is a usage state diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram, 1. Traction pillow support assembly; 2. Joint support assembly; 3. Support plate; 4. Mounting base; 5. Bracket one; 6. Side bearing measurement reference plate; 7. Base one; 8. Bearing plate; 9. Reinforcing rib plate; 10. Base two; 11. Center plate measurement reference plate; 12. Support seat; 13. Adjusting pad; 14. Side bearing support plate; 15. Bracket two; 16. Stabilizing plate; 17. Slide groove; 21. Ball seat; 22. Positioning pin; 23. Positioning hole; 24. Nylon liner; 25. Base frame. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this invention more apparent and understandable, the technical solutions of this invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specific embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of this invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this patent, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this patent.

[0031] In existing technologies, when measuring the geometric accuracy of the underframe, it is suspended on a four-point support fixture. The four rigid support points form an absolutely ideal geometric plane. However, due to welding stress and initial manufacturing errors, the underframe itself has slight, inherent initial deformation, i.e., actual twisting. This means that the lower surface of the underframe does not perfectly fit the ideal support plane. During the lowering process, in order to simultaneously contact all four support points to achieve stability, the underframe must undergo elastic deformation to "accommodate" this ideal support plane. In the initial contact, only three or even two points may be stressed first. As the crane continues to lower or the underframe is slightly adjusted under gravity, those points that have not yet been contacted or are under less stress will be forcibly pressed towards the support plane. The process of "pressing" on the support surface is the process of bending and twisting of the underframe structure. The weight of the underframe is transmitted through its structure and locally transformed into a force that forces it to deform until all four points are in contact with the load. This is why, even when the geometric error of the underframe is within the allowable range during measurement, various problems arise after installation on the vehicle. To solve this technical problem, in the embodiments of this invention, the inventors have creatively developed a "three-point support" device. When the underframe rests on these three support points, its weight is balanced only by these three points. The direction and magnitude of the support reaction force are mechanically unique and definite, and will not generate contradictory additional bending moments that force balance within the underframe. Therefore, the accuracy of the measurement can be guaranteed.

[0032] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 4 and Figure 5As shown in the figure, this specific embodiment provides a flatcar underframe testing support device, including a bolster support assembly 1 and a joint support assembly 2. The bolster support assembly 1 includes a base 7, on which a support plate 3 is rotatably mounted. The support plate 3 supports the bolster of the underframe 25. Two side bearing measurement reference plates 6 are provided on the base 7, symmetrically arranged about the support plate 3, with the reference surface of the side bearing measurement reference plates 6 lower than the support surface of the support plate 3. The joint support assembly 2 includes a base 10, which and the base 7 are arranged along the length of the underframe 25. A center plate measurement reference plate 11 is provided on the base 10, and two side bearing support plates 14 are provided on the base 10. The side bearing support plates 14 support the side bearings on both sides of the joint of the underframe 25. The side support plate 14 is used to support the side support at the joint end of the base frame 25. The two side support plates 14 are symmetrically arranged about the center plate measuring reference plate 11. The support surface of the side support plate 14 is higher than the reference surface of the center plate measuring reference plate 11, and the support surface of the side support plate 14 is higher than the support surface of the support plate 3. The support plate 3 is set on the traction support assembly 1 through a spherical pair. When the full weight of the base frame 25 is gradually pressed on, the support plate 3 allows the traction end of the base frame 25 to rotate slightly around the center of the ball. Under the action of gravity, the center of gravity of the base frame 25 will automatically find the lowest point, driving the entire base frame 25 to rotate around the center of the ball until its weight is most stably and naturally balanced by the three support points. During this process, the base frame 25 adjusts its posture to adapt to the support, rather than undergoing elastic deformation, so the measurement accuracy will not be affected by the support.

[0033] like Figures 3 to 5As shown, in this embodiment, a mounting base 4 is provided on the base 7, and a ball seat 21 is rotatably provided at the inner end of the mounting base 4. The support plate 3 is mounted on the ball seat 21. To reduce friction and wear, a nylon liner 24 is provided inside the mounting base 4, and the diameter of the ball seat 21 is smaller than the diameter of the mounting base 4. Furthermore, the center plane of the support plate 3 is coplanar with the center plane of the base 7, and the center planes of the base 7 and the base 10 are coplanar. At least two positioning holes 23 are vertically provided on the support plate 3, and the multiple positioning holes 23 are symmetrical about the center plane of the support plate 3. A positioning pin 22 is detachably installed in the positioning hole 23. During hoisting, the positioning pin 22 is used to adjust the positioning pin. The positioning holes 23 and locating pins 22 ensure that the base frame 25 under test is coplanar with the vertical center plane of the device. This fundamentally avoids measurement benchmark confusion and measurement errors caused by lateral offset or deflection, ensuring that all measurement data are obtained under the same reference coordinate system, with high consistency and comparability. Moreover, it ensures that the base frame 25 maintains the same adjustment posture as the design posture when automatically leveled by the support plate 3, thus truly restoring its theoretical stress state in the whole vehicle. Ultimately, the test results can not only accurately reflect the dimensional tolerances of individual components, but also accurately evaluate the form and position tolerances and assembly relationships of the entire base frame 25 system, providing the most fundamental guarantee for product quality.

[0034] Due to the considerable weight of the base frame 25, in order to ensure the strength of the device itself, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, both the first base 7 and the second base 10 include a seat body with a trapezoidal structure. The upper part of the seat body is provided with a bearing plate 8, and the lower part is provided with a stabilizing plate 16. The edges of the stabilizing plate 16 and the bearing plate 8 protrude from the upper surface of the seat body. A reinforcing rib plate 9 is provided on the outer surface of the seat body, and the reinforcing rib 9 is located between the stabilizing plate 16 and the bearing plate 8. The first support 5 is provided on the bearing plate 8 of the first base 7, and a side support measuring reference plate 6 is provided on the support 5. The second support 15 is provided on the bearing plate 8 of the second base 10, and a side support plate 14 is provided on the upper part of the support 15. The second support 12 is also provided on the bearing plate 8 of the second base 10, and a center plate measuring reference plate 11 is provided on the support 12.

[0035] In this embodiment, the support surface of the side support plate 14 is 30mm to 60mm higher than the reference surface of the center plate measuring reference plate 11, and the side support measuring reference plate 6 is 15mm to 30mm lower than the support surface of the support plate 3.

[0036] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for detecting a flatcar underframe 25, using the flatcar underframe detection support device of Embodiment 1, and includes the following steps: S01: Adjust the relative distance between the base 1 7 and / or the base 2 10 according to the frame size, and adjust the height of the side support plate 14; S02: The underframe 25 to be tested is hoisted and placed on the flatcar underframe testing support device, and positioned by the positioning pin 22 through the bolt holes at the corresponding positions on the underframe 25, so that the traction end of the underframe 25 is supported by the support plate 3, and the joint end of the underframe 25 is supported by the two side support plates 14. The support plate 3 rotates adaptively to achieve self-balancing and leveling. S03: Measure the deformation of the base frame 25.

[0037] This embodiment transforms the complex geometric tolerance inspections of the base frame 25 twist, center plate flatness, and side bearing height into a simple and reliable dimensional measurement operation. It achieves an organic unity of high-precision inspection, rapid operation, and low-cost maintenance, effectively improving the reliability of inspection results and production efficiency, and significantly reducing the adjustment costs and energy consumption caused by misjudgment.

[0038] In S03, the torsional deformation of the base frame 25 is measured. Using a measuring tool, such as a ruler, the vertical distances D1 and D2 from the side bearing mounting surfaces on both sides of the bolster end of the base frame 25 to the reference surface of the corresponding side bearing measuring reference plate 6 are measured respectively. The difference between D1 and D2 is the amount of torsional deformation of the bolster end of the base frame 25 to be measured.

[0039] In S03, the height of the joint end bearing is measured by placing a wedge plug gauge between the joint end bearing mounting surface of the base frame 25 to be measured and the corresponding bearing support plate 14, and directly measuring the vertical gap H between the joint end bearing mounting surface and the corresponding bearing support plate 14 using the wedge plug gauge.

[0040] In step S03, the accuracy measurement of the core plate of the base frame 25 is included. Four measurement points are selected in the area of ​​the core plate on the base frame 25 opposite to the core plate measurement reference surface. These four measurement points include two longitudinal measurement points distributed along the length of the base frame 25 and two transverse measurement points distributed along the width of the base frame 25. Using a measuring tool, the vertical distance between the four measurement points and the core plate measurement reference surface is measured. The difference between the distances of the two longitudinal measurement points is the longitudinal tilt of the core plate, and the difference between the distances of the two transverse measurement points is the transverse tilt of the core plate. In this embodiment, to improve measurement accuracy, the four measurement points are arranged in a 2x2 matrix. When calculating the longitudinal tilt, the difference between the longitudinal measurement point distances of the two rows of measurement points is measured and calculated, and then the average of the two differences is taken as the longitudinal tilt. When calculating the transverse tilt, the difference between the transverse measurement point distances of the two rows of measurement points is measured and calculated, and then the average of the two differences is taken as the transverse tilt.

[0041] This invention transforms the complex geometric tolerance inspection of the base frame 25 (torsion), center plate flatness, and side bearing height into a simple and reliable dimensional measurement operation. It achieves a unified approach of high-precision inspection, rapid operation, and low-cost maintenance, effectively improving the reliability of inspection results and production efficiency. It also significantly reduces adjustment costs and energy consumption caused by misjudgments. Using a pre-set side bearing measurement reference plane under three-point support as the sole reference, operators only need to measure the vertical distance from the left and right side bearing mounting surfaces of the base frame 25 to the corresponding reference plane, and directly and accurately obtain the torsional deformation by calculating the difference. This design not only completely eliminates subjective errors and operational uncertainties caused by finding or establishing measurement references, but also offers advantages due to its simple steps. With a clear logic, it significantly reduces the reliance on operators' technical skills and training costs, while ensuring the high repeatability and objectivity of the test data. This provides a solid guarantee for rapid and accurate quality judgment on the production line. Operators only need to use simple tools such as wedge gauges to measure the gap between the side bearing mounting surface and the reference surface to directly obtain accurate height deviation data. The operation is intuitive and the tools are simple, which significantly improves the speed of inspection and the consistency of results. It transforms the complex geometric tolerance inspection of the 25-inch base plate into simple dimensional measurement and calculation. It not only eliminates the cumulative error caused by inconsistent references, but also fully reveals the spatial geometric quality of the mounting surface with minimal measurement cost, providing an efficient and reliable data foundation for precise adjustment and quality control.

[0042] S03 also includes the deflection detection of the base frame 25. The steps are as follows: set up a level on one side of the base frame 25 to be measured, select 5 measurement points along the length of the side beam of the base frame 25 to be measured, including the position of the end beam at the traction end, the position of the end beam at the traction end, the center position, the position of the end beam at the joint end, and the position of the end beam at the joint end. Measure the height value of each point, and then calculate the height difference between the end beam positions at the traction end and the joint end. A positive difference indicates that the base frame 25 is tilted upwards, and a negative difference indicates that it is drooping downwards. Calculate the average height of the end beam at the joint end and the end beam at the joint end, and then calculate the difference between the average height and the height value at the center position. This difference is the deflection of the base frame 25 to be measured.

[0043] As can be seen from the above specific embodiments, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. By adopting a three-point support system based on the self-balancing principle of spherical pairs, the forced elastic deformation of the base frame 25 caused by over-constraint in the traditional four-point support is fundamentally eliminated, so that the base frame 25 is in a free state without additional internal stress during testing, thereby being able to reflect its inherent geometric shape in a true and accurate manner and achieving high-precision testing. 2. By setting positioning pins and positioning holes, it can be ensured that the center plane of the base frame 25 to be measured is coplanar with the center plane of this device. This can fundamentally avoid measurement benchmark confusion and measurement errors caused by lateral offset or deflection, and ensure that all measurement data (such as torsional deformation and side bearing height difference) are obtained under the same set of reference coordinate system, with high consistency and comparability. 3. The support height of the side support plate 14 can be adjusted by setting the adjustment pad 13 to adapt to the base frame 25 of different sizes, thereby improving the flexibility of the device. 4. The complex geometric tolerance inspections of the base frame 25 twist, center plate flatness, and side bearing height are all transformed into simple and reliable dimensional measurement operations. This achieves an organic unity of high-precision inspection, rapid operation, and low-cost maintenance, effectively improving the reliability of inspection results and production efficiency, and significantly reducing the adjustment costs and energy consumption caused by misjudgment.

[0044] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A flatcar underframe testing support device, comprising a traction support assembly (1) and a joint support assembly (2), characterized in that: The traction pillow support assembly (1) includes a base (7), on which a support plate (3) is rotatably mounted via a spherical pair. The support plate (3) is used to support the traction pillow of the base frame. Two side bearing measurement reference plates (6) are provided on the base (7). The two side bearing measurement reference plates (6) are symmetrically arranged about the support plate (3). The reference surface of the side bearing measurement reference plate (6) is lower than the support surface of the support plate (3). The joint support assembly (2) includes a second base (10), the second base (10) and the first base (7) are arranged along the length of the base frame, the second base (10) is provided with a center plate measuring reference plate (11), the second base (10) is provided with two side support plates (14), the side support plates (14) are used to support the side supports on both sides of the base frame joint, the side support plates (14) are used to support the side supports at the end of the base frame joint, the two side support plates (14) are symmetrically arranged about the center plate measuring reference plate (11), the support surface of the side support plate (14) is higher than the reference surface of the center plate measuring reference plate (11), and the support surface of the side support plate (14) is higher than the support surface height of the support plate (3); During testing, the traction end of the base frame is supported by the support plate (3), and the joint end of the base frame is supported by the two side support plates (14). The support plate (3) rotates adaptively to achieve self-balancing and leveling.

2. The flatcar underframe detection and support device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The base (7) is provided with a mounting seat (4), and a ball seat (21) is rotatably provided at the inner end of the mounting seat (4). The support plate (3) is installed on the ball seat (21).

3. The flatcar underframe detection support device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The center plane of the support plate (3) is coplanar with the center plane of the base one (7), the center plane of the base one (7) is coplanar with the center plane of the base two (10), the support plate (3) is vertically provided with at least two positioning holes (23), the multiple positioning holes (23) are symmetrical about the center plane of the support plate (3), and positioning pins (22) are disassembled and provided in the positioning holes (23).

4. The flatcar underframe detection support device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, Both the first base (7) and the second base (10) include a seat body, a bearing plate (8) is provided on the upper part of the seat body, and a reinforcing rib plate (9) is provided on the outer surface of the seat body.

5. The flatcar underframe detection support device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, An adjusting pad (13) is detachably installed on the upper end face of the side support plate (14).

6. A method for inspecting the underframe of a flatcar, characterized in that, The flatcar underframe inspection support device as described in claim 5 includes the following steps: S01: Adjust the relative distance between the first base (7) and / or the second base (10) according to the frame size, and adjust the height of the side support plate (14); S02: The underframe to be tested is hoisted and placed on the flatcar underframe testing support device, and positioned by the positioning pin (22) through the bolt hole at the corresponding position on the underframe to be tested, so that the traction end of the underframe is supported by the support plate (3), and the joint end of the underframe is supported by the two side support plates (14). The support plate (3) rotates adaptively to achieve self-balancing and leveling. S03: Measure the deformation of the base frame.

7. The flatcar underframe inspection method as described in claim 6, characterized in that, In S03, the measurement of the torsional deformation of the base frame is included. Using a measuring tool, the vertical distances D1 and D2 from the mounting surfaces of the side bearings on both sides of the base frame to the reference surface of the corresponding side bearing measuring reference plate (6) are measured respectively. The difference between D1 and D2 is the torsional deformation of the base frame to be measured at the side bearing end.

8. The flatcar underframe inspection method as described in claim 7, characterized in that, In S03, the height of the joint end bearing is measured by placing a wedge plug gauge between the mounting surface of the joint end bearing of the underframe to be measured and the corresponding bearing support plate (14), and using the wedge plug gauge to directly measure the vertical gap between the mounting surface of the joint end bearing and the corresponding bearing support plate (14).

9. The flatcar underframe inspection method as described in claim 8, characterized in that, In step S03, the accuracy measurement of the base plate is included. Four measurement points are selected in the area of ​​the base plate to be measured that is opposite to the measurement reference surface of the base plate. The four measurement points include two longitudinal measurement points distributed along the length direction of the base plate and two transverse measurement points distributed along the width direction of the base plate. Using a measuring tool, the vertical distance between the four measurement points and the measurement reference surface of the base plate is measured respectively. The difference between the distance values ​​of the two longitudinal measurement points is the longitudinal tilt of the base plate, and the difference between the distance values ​​of the two transverse measurement points is the transverse tilt of the base plate.

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