Capacitor element impregnation drying equipment and drying process thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a capacitor element impregnation drying device and a drying process thereof, the capacitor element impregnation drying device comprises a cabinet and a capacitor element, the cabinet is internally provided with a hollow cavity, the upper end of the cavity is provided with an opening, and the opening is provided with a sealing cover plate in a matched mode, the capacitor element impregnation drying device is characterized in that a carrier used for loading the capacitor element is arranged in the middle of the interior of the cavity; a power module used for pushing the carrying frame to ascend and descend is arranged on the outer side of the bottom of the machine cabinet, and the power module penetrates through the bottom of the machine cabinet to be connected with the carrying frame. A plurality of heat source assemblies are arranged on the inner wall of the cavity; a negative pressure assembly used for negative pressure pumping is arranged on the outer side of the cavity. An exhaust assembly used for exhausting is arranged on the outer side of the cavity. According to the equipment and the process, bulk baking can be realized, energy consumption is reduced, the drying efficiency is improved, the dehumidification effect is improved, and the quality and the reliability of the capacitor are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of capacitor manufacturing technology, and in particular to a capacitor element impregnation and drying equipment and its drying process. Background Technology

[0002] The impregnation process is an intermediate step in the manufacturing of liquid aluminum electrolytic capacitors. The purpose of this process is to fully immerse the capacitor elements in the porous microstructure of the aluminum foil, enabling the capacitor to achieve its intended electrical performance. Vacuum baking and drying of the capacitor elements before impregnation is a crucial factor in ensuring the final performance, reliability, and lifespan of the capacitor. If the elements are not thoroughly dehumidified and dried before impregnation, moisture will react chemically and hydrolyze with the electrolyte, causing premature deterioration. Furthermore, moisture can damage the anolyte film, accelerating catalytic corrosion and hydration, leading to dielectric degradation and capacitor failure.

[0003] Currently, the pre-impregnation drying process for capacitor elements mostly adopts a multi-layer air-drying method under normal pressure. The residual moisture is often higher than 100ppm, and the internal moisture is difficult to remove. The capacitor elements are loaded with multiple layers of trays for drying and dehumidification. When there are many layers of trays, it not only occupies the space of the oven, but also the capacitor elements in the middle layer are heated unevenly, resulting in poor drying effect, low baking efficiency, poor dehumidification effect, and problems such as high baking energy consumption and long baking time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the technical defects of the existing technology, the present invention provides a capacitor element impregnation drying device and its drying process. The device and process can achieve intensive baking, reduce energy consumption, improve drying efficiency and increase dehumidification effect.

[0005] The technical problem solved by this invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A capacitor element impregnation and drying device and its drying process are disclosed, comprising a cabinet and capacitor elements. The cabinet has a hollow cavity with an opening at the top and a sealing cover. The cavity is characterized by: a carrier for loading the capacitor elements being located in the middle; a power module for lifting the carrier by moving it up and down is located on the outer side of the bottom of the cabinet, the power module passing through the bottom of the cabinet and connected to the carrier; a plurality of heat source components are located on the inner wall of the cavity; a negative pressure component for drawing negative pressure is located on the outer side of the cavity; and an exhaust component for venting exhaust is located on the outer side of the cavity.

[0006] Preferably, the carrier includes a first carrier and a second carrier; wherein the first carrier is horizontally stacked on the second carrier; and the first carrier moves up and down towards and away from the second carrier under the push of the power module.

[0007] Preferably, the upper surface of the first carrier is provided with a plurality of spaced material slots for arranging and placing capacitor elements; a limiting through groove is provided between adjacent material slots; the upper surface of the second carrier is provided with a plurality of spaced upward protruding carriers for arranging and placing capacitor elements; a through groove is provided between adjacent carriers.

[0008] Preferably, when the first carrier and the second carrier are stacked, the carrier seat passes through the limiting through groove and is exposed on the upper end face of the first carrier, which is on the same horizontal plane as the material loading groove; the material loading groove and the through groove are aligned vertically.

[0009] Preferably, the power module includes a connecting rod, a power arm, a lead screw, and a motor; wherein the power output end of the motor is connected to the lead screw, the lead screw passes through the power arm and is threadedly connected to the power arm, and the power arm and the lead screw form a mutually perpendicular relationship; connecting rods are fixedly connected to both ends of the power arm, and the connecting rods pass through the bottom of the cavity and are fixedly connected to the first carrier.

[0010] Preferably, the bottom and top walls of the cavity are each provided with several heat source components, wherein the heat source components on the bottom wall radiate heat upwards and the heat source components on the top wall radiate heat downwards.

[0011] Preferably, the heat source assembly includes a heating tube and a heat insulation baffle, wherein the heating tube is disposed on one side of the heat insulation baffle, the heat insulation baffle is of the same length as the heating tube, and the heat insulation baffle includes a support portion for fixing and a shield portion for shielding the heat source.

[0012] Preferably, the negative pressure assembly includes a vacuum pipe and a vacuum valve, wherein one end of the vacuum pipe extends into the cabinet and communicates with the cavity, and the other end away from the cabinet is connected to the vacuum valve.

[0013] Preferably, the exhaust assembly includes an exhaust pipe and an exhaust valve, wherein one end of the exhaust pipe extends into the cabinet and communicates with the cavity, and the other end away from the cabinet is connected to the exhaust valve.

[0014] Preferably, the process of impregnating and drying the capacitor elements includes the following steps: S1: Use a robotic arm to pick up a whole row of capacitor elements and place them on the second rack in the cabinet cavity until the second rack is fully loaded. S2: After the second carrier is loaded, the power module drives the first carrier to rise until the bottom of the second carrier exceeds the top of the capacitor elements on the second carrier. Then, the robotic arm picks up the whole row of capacitor elements and places them on the first carrier until the first carrier is loaded. S3: After the first carrier is loaded, the power module drives the first carrier to descend until the first carrier and the second carrier are stacked, completing the loading of the first carrier and the second carrier. S4: Vacuum the cavity by sealing it, and simultaneously start the heat source component to heat and bake the capacitor elements at the preset temperature. After the baking time is up, stop vacuuming and heating, and open the exhaust component.

[0015] S5: By raising and lowering the first carrier, the capacitor element in the first carrier is first taken out, and then the capacitor element in the second carrier is taken out, thus completing the drying of the capacitor element before impregnation.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This invention uses a liftable first carrier and a fixed second carrier to achieve staggered loading and unloading of capacitor elements, enabling dense placement and baking. The space utilization rate can be effectively increased by 50%, which effectively improves the utilization rate of the baking space. Under the same cavity volume, the cavity can accommodate more capacitor elements for baking at the same time, reducing energy consumption.

[0017] 2. This invention employs a lifting motion between the first and second carriers. During the baking process, the first carrier can move up or down away from or closer to the second carrier, causing the capacitor elements to form a staggered arrangement. This ensures that all parts of the capacitor elements placed in the center of the carrier, which are previously shielded, receive sufficient and uniform heat radiation. This not only shortens the baking time but also improves baking efficiency and dehumidification. Furthermore, it effectively prevents the oxide film from being damaged and cracked due to uneven heating and uneven internal stress in the capacitor elements.

[0018] 3. This invention employs a vacuum state to bake and dry capacitor elements, achieving active dehydration. It cycles between high vacuum and low vacuum at high temperature, forcing heat to penetrate deep into the capillary pores of the capacitor element aluminum foil, allowing deep water molecules to gain energy and escape. The residual moisture rate can be reduced to below 10 ppm, thus breaking through the limits of traditional drying and achieving deep dehydration. This process improves the stability of capacitor elements. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the cabinet of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the carrier and capacitor element of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the device of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the carrier frame of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 6 This is the present invention. Figure 5 A magnified structural diagram of A in the diagram.

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the first and second carrier frames of the present invention when they are stacked together.

[0027] Figure 8 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the power module of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the heat source component of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the baffle of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1. Cabinet; 101. Sealing cover; 102. Cavity; 103. Opening; 2. Carrier; 201. First carrier; 202. Second carrier; 203. Through hole; 2011. Material trough; 2012. Limiting through groove; 2021. Carrier seat; 2022. Through groove; 3. Power module; 301. Connecting rod; 302. Power arm; 303. Lead screw; 304. Motor; 4. Heat source assembly; 401. Heating tube; 402. Heat insulation baffle; 4021. Support part; 4022. Shielding part; 5. Negative pressure assembly; 501. Vacuum pipe; 502. Vacuum valve; 6. Exhaust assembly; 601. Exhaust pipe; 602. Exhaust valve; 7. Baffle; 701. Support component; 702. Blocking component; 8. Element. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings: The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "both sides," "both ends," "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more. In addition, the term "comprising" and any variations thereof mean "at least comprising."

[0034] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish and do not indicate the order of precedence.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances. Example 1

[0036] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a capacitor element impregnation and drying device and its drying process include a cabinet 1 and capacitor elements 8. The cabinet 1 has a hollow cavity 102 inside, and an opening 103 is provided at the upper end of the cavity 102. The opening 103 is fitted with a sealing cover 101. The device is characterized in that: a carrier 2 for loading the capacitor elements 8 is provided in the middle of the cavity 102; a power module 3 for pushing the carrier 2 up and down is provided on the outer side of the bottom of the cabinet 1, and the power module 3 passes through the bottom of the cabinet 1 and is connected to the carrier 2; a plurality of heat source components 4 are provided on the inner wall of the cavity 102; a negative pressure component 5 for drawing negative pressure is provided on the outer side of the cavity 102; and an exhaust component 6 for exhausting air is provided on the outer side of the cavity 102.

[0037] Specifically, the capacitor element 8 is composed of positive foil, electrolytic paper, and negative foil stacked and wound together, with the surface of the positive foil etched to form numerous micropores. In this embodiment, the cabinet 1 is sealed with metal plates, specifically a rectangular cabinet 1 welded from stainless steel plates, ensuring it can withstand the pressure during vacuuming. The cabinet 1 has a hollow cavity 102 inside, with an opening 103 at the upper end of the cavity 102, and a sealing cover 101 fitted to the opening 103. A sealing ring 1012 is provided on the side of the sealing cover 101 that mates with the opening 103, improving the sealing performance. Lugs 1011 are provided on both horizontal sides of the sealing cover 101 for opening and moving the sealing cover 101. The sealing cover 101 is detachably installed on the opening 103 of the cabinet 1, covering the opening 103 of the cabinet 1, so that the cavity 102 forms a closed space isolated from the outside, providing a dry operating environment for the capacitor element 8.

[0038] The cavity 102 has a carrier 2 for loading the capacitor element 8 in the middle; the size of the carrier 2 is matched and adapted to the space of the cavity 102, and the cavity 102 has sufficient height to allow the carrier 2 to move freely vertically up and down.

[0039] A power module 3 for lifting and lowering the carrier 2 is provided on the outer bottom of the cabinet 1. The power module 3 passes through the bottom of the cabinet 1 and is connected to the carrier 2. The power module 3 includes a connecting rod 301, a power arm 302, a lead screw 303, and a motor 304. The power output end of the motor 304 is connected to the lead screw 303. The lead screw 303 passes through the power arm 302 and is threadedly connected to the power arm 302. The power arm 302 and the lead screw 303 are perpendicular to each other. The connecting rod 301 is fixedly connected to both ends of the power arm 302. The connecting rod 301 passes through the bottom of the cavity 102 and is fixedly connected to the first carrier 201.

[0040] like Figure 5 and Figure 9 As shown, the driving force of the specific power module 3 is provided by the motor 304, which is a servo motor. In other embodiments, the driving force of the power module 3 can be provided by a cylinder, which can also achieve the function of driving the connecting rod 301 to operate. The power output end of the motor 304 is connected to one end of the lead screw 303, and the other end of the lead screw 303 is threaded through the power arm 302. When the motor 304 outputs power, the lead screw 303 rotates and drives the power arm 302 to rise or fall through the threaded structure. The connecting rods 301 at both ends of the power arm 302 pass through the bottom of the cavity 102 and drive the first carrier 201 to move up and down, so that the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202 are in an overlapping or separated state.

[0041] like Figures 4 to 7As shown, the carrier 2 includes a first carrier 201 and a second carrier 202; wherein the first carrier 201 is horizontally stacked on the second carrier 202; under the push of the power module 3, the first carrier 201 moves up and down towards the second carrier 202.

[0042] Specifically, the carrier 2 is divided into a liftable first carrier 201 and a relatively fixed second carrier 202. The first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202 are arranged parallel to the bottom surface of the cavity 102, and the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202 are located in the middle of the cavity 102. When the first carrier 201 descends, it approaches the second carrier 202 to form an overlapping state. When the first carrier 201 rises, it separates from the second carrier 202 to form a staggered state. In this embodiment, a mechanical clamp (not shown in the attached figure) is used to load and unload the capacitor element 8 by staggering the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202. Specifically, when placing capacitor elements 8 into cavity 102, the second carrier 202 is first loaded with capacitor elements 8. Mechanical clamps install several rows of neatly arranged capacitor elements 8 to be dried onto the second carrier 202. After the second carrier 202 is fully loaded, the first carrier 201 is raised to a preset height by the power module 3. Then, the mechanical clamps install several rows of neatly arranged capacitor elements 8 to be dried onto the first carrier 201. After the first carrier 201 is fully loaded, the first carrier 201 is lowered by the power module 3 to overlap with the second carrier 202, so that the capacitor elements 8 in the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202 are interspersed and arranged on the same horizontal plane, without needing to leave space for the mechanical clamps to move between each row. Therefore, the spacing between each row is reduced to 5mm, greatly increasing the loading capacity of the carrier 2, achieving precise and dense installation of capacitor elements 8. By installing capacitor elements 8 in a staggered manner, installation efficiency is improved, achieving a dense installation effect and increasing space utilization.

[0043] The bottom and top walls of the cavity 102 are each equipped with several heat source components 4. The heat source components 4 on the bottom wall radiate heat upwards, while the heat source components 4 on the top wall radiate heat downwards. Each heat source component 4 includes a heating tube 401 and a heat insulation baffle 402. The heating tube 401 is disposed on one side of the heat insulation baffle 402, and the length of the heat insulation baffle 402 matches that of the heating tube 401. The heat insulation baffle 402 includes a support portion 4021 for fixing and a shielding portion 4022 for shielding the heat source.

[0044] Specifically, the support part 4021 fixes the shielding part 4022 to the outside of the heating tube 401, forming a gap between the shielding part 4022 and the heating tube 401. The shielding part 4022 has a U-shaped or semi-circular cross-section, where it partially blocks the heating tube 401. This allows the heat source directly emitted by the heating tube 401 to the capacitor element 8 to be diffused by the shielding part 4022, while the unblocked heat source directly shines on the inner wall of the cavity 102, and the thermal radiation is reflected to other corners of the cavity 102, improving thermal radiation efficiency. The shielding part 4022 can be made of bright stainless steel or aluminum plate, effectively reflecting the infrared thermal radiation of the heating tube to other corners of the cavity 102, preventing the heat source from concentrating around the heating tube. The shielding part 4022 itself is heated, becoming a new, larger heat source, thus producing a softer, more diffuse thermal environment, helping to fill temperature dead zones and making the temperature gradient inside the entire cavity 102 smaller. The shield 4022 and the inner wall of the cavity 102 form an air duct to guide the flow of heat source. The heat source flows along a preset path, greatly improving heat exchange efficiency and temperature uniformity. This ensures that each capacitor element 8 is heated evenly, preventing some from being damaged by overheating or from being incompletely dried.

[0045] In some implementations, the source component 4 can be a finned heating tube, an air heating tube, a ceramic heating tube, a stainless steel heating tube, or a quartz heating tube, all of which can heat the cavity 102 and serve to dry the capacitor element 8 at high temperature. In this embodiment, the source component 4 preferably uses a high-infrared spectral heating tube. Infrared light radiates directly onto the surface and interior of the capacitor element 8 at the speed of light, providing instant heating without the need for a medium. The energy acts directly on the heated object, resulting in extremely high thermal efficiency and saving 20%-40% of energy consumption, thus reducing energy consumption.

[0046] The source component 4 preferably uses a high-infrared spectral heating tube for uniform irradiation, ensuring that the entire surface and interior of the capacitor element 8 are heated evenly and simultaneously. This effectively avoids the phenomenon of external dryness and internal dampness or localized overheating that is common with traditional heating methods. While efficiently dehumidifying and drying, it also effectively prevents oxide film damage and cracking of the capacitor element 8 caused by uneven heating and uneven internal stress, significantly improving the capacitor's high-voltage withstand performance and reliability. Because localized overheating and thermal shock are avoided, there are fewer microscopic defects inside the element, which directly translates into higher product yield and long-term reliability.

[0047] It is also worth emphasizing that trace amounts of moisture and organic solvents may remain in the early aluminum foil etching process of the capacitor element 8. These have strong absorption peaks in a specific matched infrared band. By selecting an infrared heating tube that emits the corresponding wavelength, spectral matching can be achieved, allowing the energy to be mainly absorbed by the moisture rather than by other components of the capacitor element 8, such as the metal electrode, oxide film layer, and polymer layer. This achieves efficient dehydration from the inside out through spectral matching, resulting in a more thorough drying of the capacitor element 8.

[0048] Rapid and uniform heating promotes further repair of the oxide film, resulting in a dense and uniform oxide film on the aluminum foil surface. The uniformity and density of the oxide film directly affect the voltage withstand capability of the capacitor. Uniform and controllable simultaneous internal and external heating reduces the dispersion of capacitor element performance, such as capacitance, loss tangent, and insulation resistance, between the same batch and even different batches. Example 2

[0049] Example 2 is based on Example 1. The upper surface of the first carrier 201 is provided with several spaced material slots 2011 for arranging and placing capacitor elements 8; a limiting through groove 2012 is provided between adjacent material slots 2011; the upper surface of the second carrier 202 is provided with several spaced upward protruding carrier seats 2021 for arranging and placing capacitor elements 8; a through groove 2022 is provided between adjacent carrier seats 2021.

[0050] Specifically, the upper surface of the first carrier 201 is provided with several spaced material slots 2011 for arranging and placing capacitor elements 8. The specific number of material slots 2011 is determined according to actual needs and is not limited. In this embodiment, the material slots 2011 are obtained by recessing the upper surface of the first carrier 201 downwards. There is a height difference between the material slots 2011 and the upper surface of the first carrier 201, forming a stepped structure, which plays a role in limiting and positioning, preventing the movement, misalignment and contact between the rows of capacitor elements 8. The size of the material slots 2011 is matched with the capacitor elements 8 loaded.

[0051] A limiting groove 2012 is provided between adjacent material loading troughs 2011, and the material loading troughs 2011 and the limiting grooves 2012 in the first carrier 201 are arranged in an array at intervals on the same horizontal plane.

[0052] Similarly, the upper surface of the second carrier 202 is provided with a number of spaced, upwardly protruding carriers 2021 for arranging and placing capacitor elements 8. The number of upwardly protruding carriers 2021 matches the size and number of limiting slots 2012 provided on the first carrier 201. Furthermore, the limiting slots 2012 on the first carrier 201 and the protruding carriers 2021 on the upper surface of the second carrier 202 are vertically aligned.

[0053] The material loading groove 2011 on the first carrier 201 and the through groove 2022 on the second carrier 202 are in a vertically corresponding relationship; the limiting through groove 2012 on the first carrier 201 and the carrier seat 2021 on the second carrier 202 are in a vertically corresponding relationship.

[0054] Preferably, when the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202 are stacked, the carrier 2021 passes through the limiting through groove 2012 and is exposed on the upper end face of the first carrier 201, which is located on the same horizontal plane as the material loading groove 2011; the material loading groove 2011 and the through groove 2022 are aligned vertically.

[0055] When the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202 are stacked, the material tray 2011 and the carrier 2021 are arranged in a spaced-out manner on the same horizontal plane. The distance between the material tray 2011 and the carrier 2021 is reduced to 5mm, effectively reducing the distance between each row, which can further improve the dense arrangement of capacitor elements 8. When the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202 are stacked, the capacitor elements 8 on the material tray 2011 in the first carrier 201 and the capacitor elements 8 on the carrier 2021 in the second carrier 202 are located on the same horizontal plane.

[0056] In this embodiment, both the material loading tank 2011 and the carrier 2021 are provided with through holes 203, which penetrate through the material loading tank 2011 and the carrier 2021, further improving the ventilation at the bottom of the capacitor element 8 and facilitating the evaporation of water vapor at the bottom of the capacitor element 8. The through holes 203 in the material loading tank 2011 are connected to the through groove 2022 to ensure the ventilation at the bottom of the capacitor element 8. Example 3

[0057] Example 3 is an improvement on Examples 1 and 2. The negative pressure component 5 includes a vacuum pipe 501 and a vacuum valve 502. One end of the vacuum pipe 501 extends into the cabinet 1 and communicates with the cavity 102, while the other end away from the cabinet 1 is connected to the vacuum valve 502. A baffle 7 is provided at the bottom of the cavity 102 to block the opening of the vacuum pipe 501. The baffle 7 includes a support member 701 for fixing and a blocking member 702 for blocking airflow. The baffle 7 serves to buffer the airflow.

[0058] Specifically, the negative pressure assembly 5 is installed on the outside of the cavity 102, preferably at the bottom of the cavity 102. The vacuum pipe 501 is connected to the vacuum pump, and the vacuum pipe 501 is controlled to open and close by the vacuum valve 502. One end of the vacuum pipe 501 extends into the cabinet 1 and communicates with the cavity 102. The vacuum pump is used to evacuate the cavity 102. During operation, the vacuum evacuation by the negative pressure assembly 5 creates a vacuum inside the cavity 102. Combined with the heat source assembly 4, the capacitor elements 8 on the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202 are heated and baked until a preset time is reached, thus completing the drying process.

[0059] The exhaust assembly 6 includes an exhaust pipe 601 and an exhaust valve 602. One end of the exhaust pipe 601 extends into the cabinet 1 and communicates with the cavity 102, while the other end, away from the cabinet 1, is connected to the exhaust valve 602. A baffle 7 is provided at the bottom of the cavity 102 to block the opening of the exhaust pipe 601. The baffle 7 includes a support member 701 for fixing and a blocking member 702 for blocking airflow. The baffle 7 serves to buffer the airflow.

[0060] Before evacuating the cavity 102, exhaust is performed. After drying is completed, the sealing cover 101 of the cavity 102 is opened, and the capacitor element 8 is removed.

[0061] During the baking process, the capacitor element 8 is baked in a vacuum environment, with a vacuum level of 1 Pa or below 0.1 Pa, to forcefully extract deep moisture from the internal pores of the capacitor element 8 and lower the boiling point of water vapor. Programmed temperature control can be used, including multiple stages of heating, holding, and cooling, to ensure that heat is evenly and thoroughly transferred to the internal pores of the capacitor element 8.

[0062] In a vacuum environment, air and water vapor inside the pores of the aluminum foil in Capacitor Element 8 are actively extracted, eliminating internal pressure. This allows heat to reach the deepest part of the pores directly and unimpeded through radiation and conduction. This vacuuming process not only removes physically adsorbed moisture but also eliminates some volatile impurities remaining from the aluminum foil etching process, such as chloride and acid ion residues. It's equivalent to a vacuum sweep of the pores, making them exceptionally clean. This clean surface provides a perfect foundation for the subsequent full wetting of the electrolyte and the uniform distribution of charge.

[0063] Vacuum baking is conducted at sub-atmospheric pressure, significantly lowering the boiling point of water. The moisture rapidly vaporizes and is removed at low temperatures, effectively preventing the thermal expansion and pressure buildup of air and water vapor inside the aluminum foil's pores during high-temperature baking, which could damage the foil's fragile expanded structure. This protects the aluminum foil's delicate expanded structure and maintains its highest specific capacitance. Simultaneously, the vacuum environment significantly lowers the boiling point of water, allowing for low-temperature baking, reducing energy consumption, shortening baking time, and improving drying efficiency. Example 4

[0064] The difference between Example 4 and Example 3 is that the capacitor element 8 to be baked is placed in the cavity 102. The capacitor element 8 is baked by alternating high and low air pressure through the cooperation of the negative pressure component 5 and the exhaust component 6. The vacuum drying process cycles between high vacuum and low vacuum. Each time dry air is introduced, heat is forced to penetrate into the capillary pores of the capacitor element 8, allowing deep water molecules to gain energy and escape, thereby breaking through the limits of traditional drying and achieving deep dehydration and drying.

[0065] In Examples 1 to 4, the drying process for the capacitor element 8 includes the following steps: S1: The robotic arm picks up the entire row of capacitor elements 8 and places them on the second carrier 202 in the cavity 102 of the cabinet 1 until the second carrier 202 is fully loaded. S2: After the second carrier 202 is loaded, the power module 3 drives the first carrier 201 to rise until the bottom of the second carrier 202 exceeds the top of the capacitor element 8 on the second carrier 202. Then, the robotic arm picks up the whole row of capacitor elements 8 and places them on the first carrier 201 until the first carrier 201 is loaded. S3: After the first carrier 201 is loaded, the power module 3 drives the first carrier 201 to descend until the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202 overlap, thus completing the loading of the first carrier 201 and the second carrier 202. S4: Vacuum the cavity 102 by sealing it, so that the cavity 102 is in a vacuum state. At the same time, start the heat source component 4 to heat and bake the capacitor element 8 at the preset temperature. After the baking time is up, stop vacuuming and heating, and open the exhaust component 6.

[0066] S5: By lifting the first carrier 201, the capacitor element 8 in the first carrier 201 is first taken out, and then the capacitor element 8 in the second carrier 202 is taken out, thus completing the drying of the capacitor element 8 before impregnation.

[0067] Through the above drying process, on the one hand, by using a liftable first carrier and a fixed second carrier, staggered loading and unloading of capacitor elements can be achieved, enabling dense placement and baking. The space utilization rate can be effectively increased by 50%, which effectively improves the utilization rate of the baking space. Under the same cavity volume, the cavity can accommodate more capacitor elements for baking at the same time, reducing energy consumption.

[0068] First, the drying process allows for deep dehumidification and exhaust, and the vacuum environment significantly lowers the boiling point of water, effectively removing deep moisture from the substrate. Simultaneously, it extracts air from materials such as electrolytic paper.

[0069] Secondly, it ensures perfect electrolyte wetting, and the negative pressure allows the electrolyte to quickly and thoroughly penetrate every tiny gap in the core package, leaving almost no residual air bubbles.

[0070] Ultimately, this technology improves low-temperature performance, combines deep dehumidification and perfect wetting, and directly solves the bottlenecks of increased electrolyte viscosity and slow ion migration at low temperatures. Capacitors using this vacuum impregnation process maintain a capacitance retention rate of up to 85% at -55℃, far exceeding the industry average of 46%.

[0071] Enhancing electrical reliability and lifespan: Internal air bubbles and moisture are the main causes of partial discharge, overheating, and even eventual failure in capacitors under high electric fields. Vacuum processing largely eliminates these hidden dangers, thereby significantly increasing the capacitor's operating voltage, reducing leakage current, lowering losses, and extending its service life.

[0072] On the other hand, vacuum drying of the capacitor elements achieves active dehydration. Cyclic switching between high and low vacuum at high temperatures forces heat deep into the capillary pores of the capacitor element aluminum foil, allowing deep water molecules to escape with energy. The residual moisture content can be reduced to below 10 ppm, thus breaking through the limits of traditional drying and achieving deep dehydration. The boiling point of water is significantly lowered, allowing for low-temperature baking. Compared to traditional atmospheric pressure heat transfer baking, this baking process reduces the temperature by 50%–60%, energy consumption by 50%, and baking time by 30%–40%, improving drying efficiency. When the residual moisture content is reduced to below 10 ppm, the vacuum baking process eliminates air bubbles inside the capillary pores of the capacitor element aluminum foil, increasing the partial discharge initiation voltage of the capacitor elements by 40%, thereby ensuring stable operation of the capacitor for tens of thousands of hours under continuous high loads and improving its service life. By combining vacuum baking with the extreme physical environment of impregnation, the internal microstructure of the capacitor is fundamentally optimized. The complete removal of hidden factors such as moisture and gas, along with the perfect filling of the electrolyte, improves the reliability of the capacitor.

[0073] Furthermore, the use of a high-infrared spectral heating tube ensures uniform irradiation, allowing the entire surface and interior of the capacitor element 8 to be heated simultaneously and evenly. This effectively avoids the problems of external dryness and internal dampness or localized overheating that often occur with traditional heating methods. While efficiently dehumidifying and drying, it also effectively prevents oxide film damage and cracking caused by uneven heating and internal stress in the capacitor element 8, significantly improving the capacitor's high-voltage withstand performance and reliability. By avoiding localized overheating and thermal shock, fewer microscopic defects are present inside the element, directly translating into higher product yield and long-term reliability.

[0074] It should be emphasized that the embodiments described in this invention are illustrative rather than limiting. Therefore, this invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the specific implementation. Any other implementation methods derived by those skilled in the art based on the technical solutions of this invention also fall within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A capacitor element impregnation and drying device, comprising a cabinet (1) and capacitor elements (8), wherein the cabinet (1) has a hollow cavity (102) and an opening (103) at the upper end of the cavity (102), and a sealing cover (101) is provided for the opening (103), characterized in that: The cavity (102) has a carrier (2) for loading the capacitor element (8) in the middle; the bottom outer side of the cabinet (1) has a power module (3) for pushing the carrier (2) up and down, and the power module (3) passes through the bottom of the cabinet (1) and is connected to the carrier (2); the inner wall of the cavity (102) has a number of heat source components (4); the outer side of the cavity (102) has a negative pressure component (5) for drawing negative pressure; the outer side of the cavity (102) has an exhaust component (6) for exhausting.

2. The capacitor element impregnation and drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier (2) includes a first carrier (201) and a second carrier (202); wherein the first carrier (201) is horizontally stacked on the second carrier (202); under the push of the power module (3), the first carrier (201) moves up and down towards the second carrier (202).

3. The capacitor element impregnation and drying equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper surface of the first carrier (201) is provided with several spaced material slots (2011) for arranging and placing capacitor elements (8); a limiting through groove (2012) is provided between adjacent material slots (2011); the upper surface of the second carrier (202) is provided with several spaced and upwardly protruding carriers (2021) for arranging and placing capacitor elements (8); a through groove (2022) is provided between adjacent carriers (2021).

4. The capacitor element impregnation and drying equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the first carrier (201) and the second carrier (202) are stacked, the carrier (2021) passes through the limiting through groove (2012) and is exposed on the upper surface of the first carrier (201) and is located on the same horizontal plane as the material loading groove (2011); the material loading groove (2011) and the through groove (2022) are aligned vertically.

5. The capacitor element impregnation and drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power module (3) includes a connecting rod (301), a power arm (302), a lead screw (303), and a motor (304); wherein the power output end of the motor (304) is connected to the lead screw (303), the lead screw (303) passes through the power arm (302) and is threadedly connected to the power arm (302), and the power arm (302) and the lead screw (303) form a mutually perpendicular relationship; the connecting rod (301) is fixedly connected to both ends of the power arm (302), and the connecting rod (301) passes through the bottom of the cavity (102) and is fixedly connected to the first carrier (201).

6. The capacitor element impregnation and drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity (102) is provided with several heat source components (4) on the bottom wall and the top wall. The heat source components (4) on the bottom wall radiate heat upwards, and the heat source components (4) on the top wall radiate heat downwards.

7. The capacitor element impregnation and drying apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat source assembly (4) includes a heating tube (401) and a heat insulation baffle (402), wherein the heating tube (401) is disposed on one side of the heat insulation baffle (402), the heat insulation baffle (402) is matched with the length of the heating tube (401), and the heat insulation baffle (402) includes a support part (4021) for fixing and a shielding part (4022) for shielding the heat source.

8. The capacitor element impregnation and drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure component (5) includes a vacuum pipe (501) and a vacuum valve (502), wherein one end of the vacuum pipe (501) extends into the cabinet (1) and communicates with the cavity (102), and the other end away from the cabinet (1) is connected to the vacuum valve (502).

9. The capacitor element impregnation and drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly (6) includes an exhaust pipe (601) and an exhaust valve (602), wherein one end of the exhaust pipe (601) extends into the cabinet (1) and communicates with the cavity (102), and the other end away from the cabinet (1) is connected to the exhaust valve (602).

10. The capacitor element impregnation and drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The process of impregnating and drying the capacitor elements includes the following steps: S1: The robotic arm picks up the entire row of capacitor elements (8) and places them on the second carrier (202) in the cavity (102) of the cabinet (1) until the second carrier (202) is fully loaded; S2: After the second carrier (202) is loaded, the power module (3) drives the first carrier (201) to rise until the bottom of the second carrier (202) exceeds the top of the capacitor element (8) on the second carrier (202). Then, the robotic arm picks up the whole row of capacitor elements (8) and places them on the first carrier (201) until the first carrier (201) is loaded. S3: After the first carrier (201) is loaded, the power module (3) drives the first carrier (201) to descend until the first carrier (201) overlaps with the second carrier (202), thus completing the loading of the first carrier (201) and the second carrier (202); S4: Vacuum the cavity (102) by sealing it, so that the cavity (102) is in a vacuum state. At the same time, start the heat source component (4) to heat and bake the capacitor element (8) at the preset temperature. After the baking time is up, stop vacuuming and heating, and open the exhaust component (6). S5: By lifting the first carrier (201), the capacitor element (8) in the first carrier (201) is first taken out, and then the capacitor element (8) in the second carrier (202) is taken out, thus completing the drying of the capacitor element (8) before impregnation.

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