Fish product back opening processing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a back opening processing method for fish products, which comprises the following steps of: feeding fish to be processed into a conveying assembly line, moving forwards in a clamping state, and automatically finishing back opening cutting treatment when the fish passes through a cutter, and is characterized in that the fish to be processed is shot before being fed into the conveying assembly line; fish body size data are obtained through the computer vision recognition technology, then the position of the cutter is calculated and adjusted, and the fish back and the fish head are integrally cut open when the cutter is used for cutting until only the belly part is reserved for connection. According to the automatic fish back cutting device, automatic cutting processing of the fish back can be completed, meanwhile, the consistency of the cut size of the fish body can be well guaranteed, the subsequent processing reliability can be better improved, the labor loss of fish product processing is reduced, and the automation degree of fish product processing is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fish processing equipment technology, specifically to a streamlined method for processing fish products by opening the back of the fish. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional fish processing involves steps such as scaling, gutting, and removing internal organs, which are generally done manually. To improve efficiency, some existing technologies utilize machinery for fish processing. For example, CN202120203555.1 disclosed a scaler and aquatic product production line, and CN201420038342.8 disclosed a rapid automatic fish-killing machine.

[0003] More specifically, the industry primarily uses the following three types of equipment for processing aquatic products and fish: 1) Vertical fish-killing machines: The core principle is that a motor drives an internal transmission chain to transport the fish, simultaneously rotating a brush roller or blade to remove scales. Then, a pre-set curved blade performs back or belly opening at a designated location on the fish. The design uses top-and-bottom feeding and discharging, along with a fixing device to prevent fish slippage and ensure stable processing. After processing, the internal organs are manually removed and the fish is cleaned. 2) Fish scale removal machines: These focus on the scale removal process and are suitable for various scenarios requiring high fish integrity. The working principle typically involves fixing the fish and scraping it with a scraper, or using a high-pressure water pump to generate a high-pressure water flow that impacts the fish through a directional nozzle, using the water flow's impact force to peel off the scales. Some models also have a rotating mechanism that allows the fish to roll within the equipment, ensuring comprehensive scale removal. The scales are collected and discharged with the water flow, achieving automatic separation of the fish body and scales. 3) Intelligent back-opening or belly-opening machine: The principle is to send the fish to the cutting area through the conveyor chain. Depending on the orientation of the fish when feeding (back facing up or belly facing up), the imported special blade set completes the precise cutting. Some high-end models can detect the size of the fish through sensors and automatically adjust the cutting angle and depth to ensure a flat cut without damaging the head and tail of the fish.

[0004] Therefore, most existing fish processing methods only have a single processing step, primarily involving descaling and gutting. Even those devices capable of multiple processing steps follow traditional manual procedures: descaling first, then gutting, and finally removing the internal organs. Consequently, existing technologies have the following drawbacks: 1. Descaling requires multiple descaling mechanisms to remove scales from various parts of the fish, increasing structural complexity and operational difficulty. Furthermore, the fish needs to be held in place during descaling, making effective descaling difficult in the held areas, resulting in incomplete descaling. 2. Internal organs are difficult to remove, requiring manual intervention with most equipment. 3. Existing equipment is limited in function, and most cannot complete the entire fish processing process from gutting and descaling to removing the internal organs.

[0005] In addition, existing fish processing devices for back-cutting or belly-cutting generally involve setting cutting blades at fixed positions on the fish conveyor line. The fish being processed is automatically back-cut or belly-cut as it passes the blades during transport. For example, CN202323006050.4 discloses an automatic back-cutting machine for yellow croaker, CN202323263604.9 discloses a back-cutting device for fish processing, and CN202023225934.5 discloses a belly-cutting and eviscerating machine for fish processing; all these patents employ this technology. However, because it is difficult to ensure that the size of the fish being processed is completely uniform, the back-cutting or belly-cutting depth varies. Cutting too deep can easily cause the fish to split apart, while cutting too shallow makes it difficult to completely remove the internal organs, causing inconvenience for subsequent processing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to provide a fish product back-cutting processing method that can better ensure the size consistency of the fish body after cutting, so as to improve the reliability of subsequent processing, reduce the labor loss in fish product processing, and improve the automation level of fish product processing.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A method for processing fish products by opening the back involves feeding the fish to be processed into a conveyor line and moving it forward in a clamped state, so that the back opening is automatically completed when it passes through a cutter. The method is characterized by taking pictures of the fish before feeding it into the conveyor line, obtaining the fish body size data through computer vision recognition technology, and then calculating and adjusting the position of the cutter so that the cutter cuts the fish back and head together, leaving only the belly part connected.

[0008] This method introduces computer vision recognition technology into existing automated fish processing devices for back-cutting. By calculating the fish's dimensions using a camera, the cutting blade position is adjusted to ensure that each fish, regardless of size, can be back-cut to the point where only the belly remains connected. This guarantees the required cutting dimensions for back-cutting, allowing the fish to be thoroughly flattened and processed later, such as removing internal organs and scales, thanks to the flexibility of the belly. This significantly improves the reliability of subsequent processing steps.

[0009] Furthermore, this method relies on a fish processing back-opening device in a fish product processing production line. The fish processing back-opening device includes a back-opening frame, on which two vertically arranged back-opening conveyor belts are horizontally installed at intervals. A back-opening conveyor space is formed between the two back-opening conveyor belts for clamping and conveying the fish body forward. The two back-opening conveyor belts are connected to the back-opening motor through a synchronous reverse transmission mechanism. A back-opening circular cutter is vertically arranged at the middle position below the front end of the back-opening conveyor space along the conveying direction. The back-opening circular cutter is connected to the back-opening motor, and the upper end of the back-opening circular cutter extends upward into the back-opening conveyor space.

[0010] In this way, when processing the fish by splitting its back, a splitting motor drives two splitting conveyor belts to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, so that the adjacent sides of the two splitting conveyor belts keep moving forward in sync. Then, the back of the fish to be split is fed downwards from the rear end of the two splitting conveyor belts into the splitting conveyor space between them, so that the fish is clamped by the two splitting conveyor belts and transported forward. When it passes through the splitting circular cutter, the back of the fish is cut open. After splitting, the fish body is still clamped between the splitting conveyor belts and transported forward until it is sent out of the splitting conveyor space and enters the next process, realizing the automatic processing of splitting the fish body.

[0011] Furthermore, a height adjustment and control mechanism for the back-opening circular cutter is also provided below the front end of the back-opening conveying space.

[0012] In this way, the height and position of the back-opening circular cutter can be adjusted as needed to ensure the back-opening effect.

[0013] Furthermore, the back-opening circular cutter height adjustment control mechanism includes a cutter mounting base. The back-opening circular cutter is fixedly mounted on one end of the cutter shaft. The cutter shaft is rotatably mounted on the cutter mounting base, and the other end forms a power input end. A slider is fixedly installed on the cutter mounting base. The slider is engaged with a slide rail that is vertically fixed on the back-opening frame. An electric telescopic cylinder that is relatively fixed to the back-opening frame is also provided below the cutter mounting base. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic cylinder is vertically upward and fixed to the lower end of the cutter mounting base.

[0014] In this way, the extension and retraction end of the electric telescopic cylinder controls the cutting blade mounting base to drive the back-opening circular cutting blade up and down, thereby adjusting and controlling the back-opening depth and ensuring the back-opening effect. It has the advantages of simple structure and stable and reliable transmission.

[0015] Furthermore, a detection platform extends horizontally from both sides of the lower rear end of the conveying space. A camera is installed above the detection platform and is connected to a control center. The control center includes a signal receiving module connected to the camera for receiving image signals, an image recognition module connected to the signal receiving module for recognizing fish images and obtaining fish size data, a cutting tool calculation module connected to the image recognition module for calculating the cutting height distance information that the cutting tool should be adjusted up and down based on the fish size data and the current position information of the cutting tool, an information conversion module for converting the cutting height distance information into control information for the electric telescopic cylinder, and a signal transmitting module connected to the information conversion module for sending the control information output by the electric telescopic cylinder to the electric telescopic cylinder for control.

[0016] In this way, when the fish processing back-opening device is used, before placing the fish to be back-opened into the back-opening conveyor space, the fish is first placed horizontally on the detection platform. A camera captures a photo of the fish and transmits it to the control center. The control center uses an image recognition module containing fish shape recognition software to identify the fish image and obtain its pixel dimensions. Since the camera and detection platform are in relatively fixed positions, the actual size of the fish can be calculated using a predicted scaling factor. This allows the calculation of the appropriate vertical adjustment distance of the back-opening circular cutter based on the fish's width (or height) and the current position of the cutter. This information ensures that the entire back of the fish, including the head, is cut open during back-opening, leaving only the softer belly area connected, thus ensuring a proper back-opening cut. This greatly improves the convenience and cleanliness of subsequent viscera removal and descaling operations. During implementation, each module in the control center can be a software virtual simulation or a physical circuit module, but each module itself is a conventional functional module in the field of computer science. The contribution of this application to the prior art lies in the combined application of these modules, which enables precise control of the back opening depth operation based on the information of the captured fish body images.

[0017] Furthermore, a long, narrow lower limit block is positioned directly below the conveying space, extending forward along the conveying direction. The lower limit block has a V-shaped cross-section and is fixedly mounted on the back-opening frame. The lower limit block at the location of the back-opening circular cutter has a clearance slit in the middle for the back-opening circular cutter to extend upward.

[0018] In this way, when the fish to be processed is input into the conveying space, the lower limit block can be used as the positioning reference, so that the fish to be processed is attached to the lower limit block with its back. The lower limit block keeps the position of the lower back of the fish during the fish conveying process, ensuring that the subsequent back-opening circular cutter cuts with the back side of the fish as the reference, thus ensuring the accuracy of the cutting depth.

[0019] Furthermore, the rear end of the lower limit block extends backward into a suspended section, and the detection platform is formed by horizontally extending outward on both sides of the suspended section of the lower limit block.

[0020] This V-shaped lower limit block structure extends outward to the detection platform, making it easier to position the fish after image recognition is completed, and to more conveniently align and send the fish into the conveying space.

[0021] Furthermore, an elongated upper limit block is positioned directly above the conveying space, extending forward along the conveying direction. The upper limit block has an inverted V-shaped cross-section and is floatingly mounted on the back-opening frame via an adjustable floating clamping mechanism.

[0022] In this way, during the fish transport and back-cutting process, the upper limit block ensures that the lower end of the fish is pressed against the lower limit block, so as to ensure the limiting effect of the lower limit block on the lower end of the fish during the cutting process, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the back-cutting depth control.

[0023] Furthermore, the adjustable floating clamping mechanism includes an adjusting rod vertically fixed to the upper end of the upper limit block. The upper part of the adjusting rod has a threaded section. The threaded section of the adjusting rod can slide up and down to pass through a horizontally set abutment support plate and is screwed with an adjusting nut. The abutment support plate is fixedly connected to the back opening frame. A helical spring is also adjusted outside the adjusting screw. The upper and lower ends of the helical spring abut between the abutment support plate and the upper limit block.

[0024] This system utilizes a compressed helical spring to provide downward pressure on the upper limit block while simultaneously allowing it to float upwards. This ensures that fish of varying sizes within a certain range are held in place by the upper limit block against the lower limit block. This significantly enhances the lower limit block's ability to restrain the fish, thereby guaranteeing the processing accuracy of the back-cutting depth and improving processing reliability. Furthermore, when needed (e.g., when processing batches of fish of different sizes), the distance between the adjusting rod and the supporting plate can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut, thus regulating the upper limit block's pressure and its vertical floating space.

[0025] Furthermore, a clamping nut is screwed onto the top of the adjusting nut.

[0026] After adjustment, the adjusting nut can be tightened by rotating the clamping nut to prevent it from loosening.

[0027] Furthermore, the synchronous reverse transmission mechanism includes two power input sprockets for opening the back of the vehicle located on the same horizontal plane. The two power input sprockets for opening the back of the vehicle are coaxially mounted above the conveyor belt pulleys at the output ends of the two opening conveyor belts. One of the power input sprockets for opening the back of the vehicle is directly connected to the output shaft of the opening motor. The other power input sprocket for opening the back of the vehicle has an auxiliary steering sprocket mounted horizontally at the front and rear positions on its outer side. The power input sprocket for opening the back of the vehicle that is directly connected to the output shaft of the opening motor is fitted with a synchronous reverse transmission chain. The other end of the synchronous reverse transmission chain passes around the two auxiliary steering sprockets and then passes around the power input sprocket for opening the back of the vehicle that is not directly connected to the output shaft of the opening motor to achieve its reverse transmission.

[0028] In this way, the two open-back conveyor belts can be driven in opposite directions, so that their inner sides can move forward synchronously, thus realizing the forward transport of fish in the open-back conveyor space.

[0029] Furthermore, a waste hopper is correspondingly provided below the open-back frame, which can better collect sewage and waste materials.

[0030] Furthermore, a panel is installed around the outside of the open-back frame to better ensure hygiene around the equipment.

[0031] In summary, this invention can automatically cut fish by opening its back, while ensuring the consistency of the cut dimensions, which is conducive to improving the reliability of subsequent processing. This invention reduces the labor costs in fish product processing and improves the automation level of fish product processing. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a fish product processing line in a specific implementation embodiment.

[0033] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a fish product processing line from another angle after the panel has been removed.

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another direction.

[0035] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The front view.

[0036] Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a separate fish processing and back-opening device in a fish product processing production line.

[0037] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure after removing the upper panel.

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 6 The right view.

[0039] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Top view.

[0040] Figure 9 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the modular connection structure of the control center section of the fish processing back-opening device.

[0041] Figure 10 for Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the height adjustment and control mechanism of the back-opening circular cutter in the fish processing back-opening device.

[0042] Figure 11 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the individual fish viscera removal device after removing the panel in a fish product processing line.

[0043] Figure 12 for Figure 11 The front view.

[0044] Figure 13 for Figure 11 Top view.

[0045] Figure 14 for Figure 11 The left view.

[0046] Figure 15 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the fish scale removal device after removing the panel in a fish product processing line.

[0047] Figure 16 for Figure 15 The front view.

[0048] Figure 17 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the descaling conveyor belt section after the upper wire mesh has been removed.

[0049] Figure 18 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single spike wheel in a fish scale removal device.

[0050] Figure 19 for Figure 15 A schematic diagram of the structure of a fish scale removal device, in another possible embodiment where the descaling conveyor belt is a descaling belt. Detailed Implementation

[0051] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0052] A method for processing fish products by opening the back involves feeding the fish to be processed into a conveyor line and moving it forward in a clamped state, so that the back opening is automatically completed when it passes through a cutter. The method is characterized by taking pictures of the fish before feeding it into the conveyor line, obtaining the fish body size data through computer vision recognition technology, and then calculating and adjusting the position of the cutter so that the cutter cuts the fish back and head together, leaving only the belly part connected.

[0053] This method introduces computer vision recognition technology into existing automated fish processing devices for back-cutting. By calculating the fish's dimensions using a camera, the cutting blade position is adjusted to ensure that each fish, regardless of size, can be back-cut to the point where only the belly remains connected. This guarantees the required cutting dimensions for back-cutting, allowing the fish to be thoroughly flattened and processed later, such as removing internal organs and scales, thanks to the flexibility of the belly. This significantly improves the reliability of subsequent processing steps.

[0054] Specifically, see Figure 1-18 As shown, this method relies on a fish processing back-opening device in a fish product processing production line, wherein the fish processing back-opening device (see...) Figures 5-10 The device includes a back-opening frame 1, on which two vertically arranged back-opening conveyor belts 2 are horizontally installed at intervals. The two back-opening conveyor belts 2 form a back-opening conveying space for clamping and conveying the fish body forward. The two back-opening conveyor belts are connected to the back-opening motor 3 through a synchronous reverse transmission mechanism. A back-opening circular cutter 4 is vertically arranged in the middle position below the front end of the back-opening conveying space along the conveying direction. The back-opening circular cutter 4 is connected to the back-opening motor 3 through a transmission, and the upper end of the back-opening circular cutter 4 extends upward into the back-opening conveying space.

[0055] In this way, when processing the fish by splitting its back, a splitting motor drives two splitting conveyor belts to rotate synchronously in opposite directions, so that the adjacent sides of the two splitting conveyor belts keep moving forward in sync. Then, the back of the fish to be split is fed downwards from the rear end of the two splitting conveyor belts into the splitting conveyor space between them, so that the fish is clamped by the two splitting conveyor belts and transported forward. When it passes through the splitting circular cutter, the back of the fish is cut open. After splitting, the fish body is still clamped between the splitting conveyor belts and transported forward until it is sent out of the splitting conveyor space and enters the next process, realizing the automatic processing of splitting the fish body.

[0056] In practice, a height adjustment and control mechanism for the open-back circular cutter can be further provided below the front end of the open-back conveying space.

[0057] In this way, the height and position of the back-opening circular cutter can be adjusted as needed to ensure the back-opening effect.

[0058] In practice, the back-opening circular cutter height adjustment control mechanism may further include a cutter mounting base 5. The back-opening circular cutter 4 is fixedly mounted on one end of the cutter shaft, and the cutter shaft is rotatably mounted on the cutter mounting base 5 with the other end forming a power input end. A slider 6 is fixedly mounted on the cutter mounting base, and the slider 6 is engaged with a slide rail 7 that is vertically fixed on the back-opening frame. An electric telescopic cylinder 8 that is relatively fixed to the back-opening frame is also provided below the cutter mounting base 5. The telescopic end of the electric telescopic cylinder 8 is vertically upward and fixed to the lower end of the cutter mounting base 5.

[0059] In this way, the extension and retraction end of the electric telescopic cylinder controls the cutting blade mounting base to drive the back-opening circular cutting blade up and down, thereby adjusting and controlling the back-opening depth and ensuring the back-opening effect. It has the advantages of simple structure and stable and reliable transmission.

[0060] In practice, the conveying space can be further extended horizontally on both sides at the lower rear end to form a detection platform 9. A camera 10 is installed above the detection platform 9, and the camera 10 is connected to a control center 11. The control center 11 includes a signal receiving module connected to the camera for receiving photo signals, an image recognition module connected to the signal receiving module for recognizing fish images and obtaining fish size data, a cutting tool calculation module connected to the image recognition module for calculating the cutting height distance information that the back-opening round cutting tool should adjust up and down based on the fish size data and the current position information of the back-opening round cutting tool, an information conversion module for converting the cutting height distance information into control information output by the electric telescopic cylinder, and a signal transmitting module connected to the information conversion module for sending the control information output by the electric telescopic cylinder to the electric telescopic cylinder for control.

[0061] In this way, when the fish processing back-opening device is used, before placing the fish to be back-opened into the back-opening conveyor space, the fish is first placed horizontally on the detection platform. A camera captures a photo of the fish and transmits it to the control center. The control center uses an image recognition module containing fish shape recognition software to identify the fish image and obtain its pixel dimensions. Since the camera and detection platform are in relatively fixed positions, the actual size of the fish can be calculated using a predicted scaling factor. This allows the calculation of the appropriate vertical adjustment distance of the back-opening circular cutter based on the fish's width (or height) and the current position of the cutter. This information ensures that the entire back of the fish, including the head, is cut open during back-opening, leaving only the softer belly area connected, thus ensuring a proper back-opening cut. This greatly improves the convenience and cleanliness of subsequent viscera removal and descaling operations. During implementation, each module in the control center can be a software virtual simulation or a physical circuit module, but each module itself is a conventional functional module in the field of computer science. The contribution of this application to the prior art lies in the combined application of these modules, which enables precise control of the back opening depth operation based on the information of the captured fish body images.

[0062] In practice, the lower limit block 12, which is a long strip-shaped block that moves forward along the conveying direction, can be further provided below the conveying space. The lower limit block 12 has a V-shaped cross-section and is fixedly installed on the back opening frame. The lower limit block 12 at the location of the back opening circular cutter 4 has a clearance slit in the middle for the back opening circular cutter to extend upward.

[0063] In this way, when the fish to be processed is input into the conveying space, the lower limit block can be used as the positioning reference, so that the fish to be processed is attached to the lower limit block with its back. The lower limit block keeps the position of the lower back of the fish during the fish conveying process, ensuring that the subsequent back-opening circular cutter cuts with the back side of the fish as the reference, thus ensuring the accuracy of the cutting depth.

[0064] In practice, the lower limit block 12 can be further extended backward to form a suspended section, and the detection platform 9 can be formed by horizontally extending outward on both sides of the suspended section of the lower limit block.

[0065] This V-shaped lower limit block structure extends outward to the detection platform, making it easier to position the fish after image recognition is completed, and to more conveniently align and send the fish into the conveying space.

[0066] In practice, the upper limit block 13, which is a long strip-shaped block that moves forward along the conveying direction, can be further provided above the conveying space. The upper limit block 13 has an inverted V-shaped cross-section and is floatingly mounted on the back-opening frame above the upper limit block by an adjustable floating clamping mechanism.

[0067] In this way, during the fish transport and back-cutting process, the upper limit block ensures that the lower end of the fish is pressed against the lower limit block, so as to ensure the limiting effect of the lower limit block on the lower end of the fish during the cutting process, and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the back-cutting depth control.

[0068] In practice, the adjustable floating clamping mechanism may further include an adjusting rod 14 vertically fixed to the upper end of the upper limit block. The upper part of the adjusting rod 14 has a threaded section. The threaded section of the adjusting rod can slide up and down through a horizontally set abutment bearing plate 21 and be screwed with an adjusting nut 15. The abutment bearing plate is fixedly connected to the back opening frame. A helical spring 16 is also adjusted outside the adjusting screw. The upper and lower ends of the helical spring 16 abut between the abutment bearing plate 21 and the upper limit block 13.

[0069] This system utilizes a compressed helical spring to provide downward pressure on the upper limit block while simultaneously allowing it to float upwards. This ensures that fish of varying sizes within a certain range are held in place by the upper limit block against the lower limit block. This significantly enhances the lower limit block's ability to restrain the fish, thereby guaranteeing the processing accuracy of the back-cutting depth and improving processing reliability. Furthermore, when needed (e.g., when processing batches of fish of different sizes), the distance between the adjusting rod and the supporting plate can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting nut, thus regulating the upper limit block's pressure and its vertical floating space.

[0070] In practice, a clamping nut 17 can be further screwed onto the top of the adjusting nut 15.

[0071] After adjustment, the adjusting nut can be tightened by rotating the clamping nut to prevent it from loosening.

[0072] In practice, the synchronous reverse transmission mechanism can be further configured to include two power input sprockets 18 for opening the back of the vehicle, located on the same horizontal plane. The two power input sprockets 18 are coaxially mounted above the conveyor belt pulleys at the output ends of the two open-back conveyor belts 2. One of the power input sprockets is directly connected to the output shaft of the open-back motor 3. The other power input sprocket has an auxiliary steering sprocket 19 horizontally mounted at the front and rear positions on its outer side. The power input sprocket directly connected to the output shaft of the open-back motor 3 is fitted with a synchronous reverse transmission chain 20. The other end of the synchronous reverse transmission chain 20 passes around the two auxiliary steering sprockets and then passes in the opposite direction around the power input sprocket not directly connected to the output shaft of the open-back motor to achieve its reverse transmission.

[0073] In this way, the two open-back conveyor belts can be driven in opposite directions, so that their inner sides can move forward synchronously, thus realizing the forward transport of fish in the open-back conveyor space.

[0074] In practice, a waste hopper (not shown in the figure) can be further provided below the open-back frame 1 to better collect sewage and waste.

[0075] Furthermore, during implementation, panels 22 can be provided around the outer four sides of the open-back frame 1 to better ensure hygiene around the equipment.

[0076] In specific implementation, the fish product processing line also includes a fish viscera removal device and a fish scale removal device that are sequentially fed and discharged in front of the fish processing back-opening device.

[0077] In practice, the fish viscera removal device is described in detail below. Figures 11-14 The device includes a visceration frame 31. Two sets of horizontally arranged conveyor belts are symmetrically installed on the visceration frame 31. Each set of belts includes an upper belt 32 and a lower belt 33. The pulleys at the front and rear ends of the two sets of upper belts 32 are mounted on the same pulley shaft at the front and rear ends. The pulleys at the front and rear ends of the two sets of lower belts 33 are mounted on the same pulley shaft at the front and rear ends. The lower surface of the upper belt 32 and the upper surface of the lower belt 33 are attached to each other and used to press the two sides of the fish body after it has been opened and flattened. A brush device is also provided between the two sets of lower belts 33. The brush device includes a brush roller 34 that is rotatably installed between the two lower belts in the transverse direction. Elastic bristles 35 are evenly distributed on the outer periphery of the brush roller 34. The upper surface of the elastic bristles 35 at the upper end of the brush roller extends beyond the upper surface of the lower belt. The brush roller 34 is connected to the brush motor 36.

[0078] In this way, when cleaning the fish's internal organs, the fish, after being opened, can be pulled open sideways and flattened before being fed between the upper and lower sets of clamping belts. This allows the fish's sides to be pressed together by the two sets of clamping belts and conveyed forward with the fish. During conveying, the brush rollers, driven by a roller brush motor, contact the elastic bristles with the fish's internal organs. The elasticity of the bristles and the forced rotation effectively remove the internal organs. Therefore, compared to manual cleaning, this method is more convenient, faster, more reliable, and has a higher degree of automation.

[0079] In practice, the distance between the two sets of upper pressing belts 32 can be further reduced to the distance between the two sets of lower pressing belts 33. This is because after the fish is opened and flattened, the swim bladder and heart, which are difficult to remove, are located on the left and right sides of the body. The middle of the body is the belly, which is only connected by the intestines and is easily broken by the brush. Therefore, by reducing the distance between the two sets of upper pressing belts to the distance between the two sets of lower pressing belts, the swim bladder and heart, which are difficult to remove, can be located below the upper pressing belts. This allows the lower surface of the upper pressing belts to hold the elastic bristles in place during cleaning, thus better cleaning the difficult-to-remove internal organs and greatly improving the cleaning effect.

[0080] In practice, the brush rollers 34 can be further configured with multiple rollers spaced horizontally, which allows for more thorough cleaning of the fish's internal organs.

[0081] Furthermore, the elastic bristles on the front brush roller can be made more flexible than those at the rear. This allows for better removal of fish viscera while preventing the fish flesh from being scratched.

[0082] In practice, a transition pulley 39 can be further provided at the middle-rear position (in this scheme, the position is defined with the conveying direction of the assembly line as the front and the opposite direction as the rear) between the front pulley 37 and the rear pulley 38 of the upper pressing belt 32. The transition pulley 39 and the rear pulley are respectively installed at the front and rear ends of a common horizontal pulley mounting plate 40. A slanted pulley mounting plate 41 is also connected and installed at the rear end of the horizontal pulley mounting plate 40. The rear pulley 38 of the upper pressing belt 32 is installed at the rear end of the slanted pulley mounting plate 41. A belt pressure roller 42 is also horizontally provided on the upper surface of the two sets of upper pressing belts 32 at the position of the transition pulley 39. The belt pressure roller 42 is rotatably installed on the pressure roller mounting seat above the rear end of the horizontal pulley mounting plate 40 and presses against the upper surface of the upper pressing belt 32, so that the rear part of the upper pressing belt 32 forms an upwardly opening inclined belt segment.

[0083] This design allows a small section of the upper clamping belt to tilt upwards and backwards, creating an upward-sloping angle that allows the fish entering from the rear to be better and gradually pressed between the upper and lower clamping belts.

[0084] In practice, the inclined pulley mounting plate 41 can be further configured such that its front end has an elongated mounting hole 43 along its length, and an arc-shaped mounting hole 44 is provided adjacent to the rear end of the elongated mounting hole. A first positioning stud 82 is fixedly provided outward at the rear end of the horizontal pulley mounting plate corresponding to the position of the elongated mounting hole. The first positioning stud 82 can be slidably inserted into the elongated mounting hole 43. Springs are provided on the front and rear sides of the first positioning stud 82 to abut against the front and rear ends of the elongated mounting hole. A second positioning stud 83 is fixedly provided outward at the rear end of the horizontal pulley mounting plate corresponding to the position of the arc-shaped mounting hole. The second positioning stud 83 can be slidably inserted into the arc-shaped mounting hole 44. Springs are provided on the upper and lower sides of the second positioning stud 83 to abut against the upper and lower ends of the arc-shaped mounting hole.

[0085] In this mounting structure, since both positioning studs are spring-loaded into corresponding mating holes with sliding allowance, the upward tilt angle of the rear end of the inclined pulley mounting plate can be adjusted vertically. This allows the opening angle of the inclined belt segment to adaptively float and adjust according to the different sizes of the fish being pressed in. The magnitude of this floating clamping force can also be adjusted by changing the spring tension. Furthermore, because the rotation axis of the inclined pulley mounting plate and the rear pulley axis are not coincident, this structure can maintain tension while ensuring the adaptive adjustment of the inclined belt segment, preventing belt loosening that would affect the clamping effect between the upper and lower clamping belts.

[0086] In practice, the two sets of upper pressing belts can be further equipped with a transition connecting plate 45 fixed to the descaling frame below the inclined belt sections of the left and right sets of upper pressing belts. The front ends of the two transition connecting plates 45 have a horizontal connecting section 46 and are connected to the upper surface of the lower pressing belt 33 at the lower end of the inclined belt section. The rear ends of the two transition connecting plates are inclined upward and backward with an inclination angle smaller than that of the inclined belt section. The rear ends of the two transition connecting plates 45 are connected and the front ends are opened forward in a V shape. The inner edge of the V-shape between the two transition connecting plates 45 has an upward-folding baffle 47. The height of the baffle 47 gradually decreases to zero from back to front.

[0087] In this way, when the fish with its back opened enters the fish viscera removal device, the opened side of the fish is fed downwards onto two transition connecting plates. The guards inside the two transition connecting plates are inserted into the opening in the fish's back, causing the fish body to gradually unfold to both sides as it slides downwards along the transition connecting plates. During this process, once the upper surfaces of both sides of the fish body come into contact with the upper pressing belt, they are subjected to the frictional force of the upper pressing belt, which quickly pulls the fish body downwards. At the same time, the fish body is completely separated to both sides by the guards, and finally, the two sides are pressed between the upper and lower pressing belts and conveyed forward. Therefore, this method better assists in achieving rapid and automatic unfolding and pressing input of the fish body.

[0088] In practice, the two horizontal pulley mounting plates 40 can be further equipped with a vertically fixed clamping adjustment plate 48 on the outer side of the viscera removal frame. The clamping adjustment plate 48 has a bolt mounting adjustment groove along the vertical line and is fixedly connected to the horizontal pulley mounting plate 40 by a mounting bolt (not shown in the figure) passing through the bolt mounting adjustment groove.

[0089] This makes it easier to adjust the overall height of the two sets of upper clamping belts, so as to adjust the clamping force between the upper and lower clamping belts when needed.

[0090] In practice, the upper clamping belt can be further connected to the front pulley 37 of the upper clamping belt and the descaling motor. This makes the upper clamping belt a driving belt and the lower clamping belt a follower belt that moves in tandem.

[0091] In practice, a row of horizontal upper rollers 84 can be further arranged above the roller brush device and in the direction of the flow line. The two ends of the upper rollers 84 are rotatably mounted on the horizontal pulley mounting plate. An elastic layer is provided on the outer periphery of the upper rollers 84. The lower surface of the elastic layer on the outer periphery of the upper rollers is in contact with the outer end of the elastic bristles of the roller brush device. The deformation allowance of the elastic layer is greater than the maximum thickness of the fish belly skin to be processed.

[0092] This is because the fish to be processed in this application is opened from the back and then unfolded before being pressed down from both sides to remove the internal organs. The part of the fish that is pressed down above the lower pressing belt after unfolding is precisely the opened back section. This part contains many fish bones and spines, making it quite hard. Since the lower pressing belt is a moving belt, it is prone to frictional wear under high frictional force, resulting in a short service life. Therefore, by installing the upper support roller, the upper support roller can effectively withstand the impact force on the fish body during the removal of internal organs by the roller brush device. This reduces the clamping force between the upper and lower pressing belts, better protecting the fish from damage and better protecting the lower pressing belt, thus extending its service life.

[0093] In practice, one end of the pulley shaft 37 at the front end of the upper pressing belt can be extended outward and a cleaning power input sprocket 49 can be installed. A cleaning power input chain 50 is sleeved on the cleaning input sprocket 49. One end of the cleaning power input chain 50 passes forward and downward around a power sprocket 81, then passes upward around an upper follower sprocket, then passes downward around a lower follower sprocket, and then passes backward and upward back to the cleaning power input sprocket. The power sprocket is installed in the transmission mechanism of the descaling conveyor belt of the fish scale removal device (in practice, the power sprocket is specifically installed on the outer end of the axle of the descaling sprocket or descaling belt pulley at the rear end of the descaling conveyor belt).

[0094] This design not only allows the upper tension belt and the descaling conveyor belt of the fish scale removal device to be driven forward by the same motor, saving on the number of motors, but also better ensures that the conveying speed of the two devices is consistent. Furthermore, when the tension of the upper tension belt needs to be adjusted, the installation height of the upper or lower follower sprocket can be adjusted accordingly to keep the descaling input chain taut, ensuring stable and reliable transmission.

[0095] In practice, a waste hopper (not shown in the figure) can be further installed below the lower clamping belt to better collect waste such as sewage and fish entrails.

[0096] Furthermore, during implementation, a panel can be installed around the outside of the internal organ rack 31 to better ensure hygiene around the equipment.

[0097] In implementation, the fish scale removal device, see [link to documentation]. Figure 15-18 It includes a descaling frame 51, on which a descaling conveyor belt 52 is mounted in a horizontal direction. The descaling conveyor belt 52 is connected to a descaling motor 53. The upper surface of the descaling conveyor belt 52 is a cleaning plane for the fish to be flattened and fitted after being opened. Above the cleaning plane, a nozzle mounting bracket 54 is mounted horizontally and is relatively fixed to the descaling frame. A row of high-pressure water nozzles 55 are mounted on the nozzle mounting bracket 54. The water outlet of the high-pressure water nozzles 55 is set at an angle downward.

[0098] In this way, when the fish scale removal device is in use, the high-pressure water nozzle is connected to a high-pressure water source. Turning on the nozzle allows it to spray a high-speed water stream at an angle downwards, impacting the width of the cleaning plane. The descaling conveyor belt is then activated, and the fish, after being opened, is laid flat with its outer surface facing upwards against the starting end of the cleaning plane (i.e., the upper surface of the descaling conveyor belt). As the fish is conveyed forward along the conveyor belt, it is impacted by the high-pressure water jets as it passes the high-pressure water jets, removing all scales in one go. Compared to existing automatic descaling devices, this method eliminates the need for water jets in every direction, resulting in a simpler structure, easier implementation, and lower cost. Furthermore, by laying the fish flat against the cleaning plane, the scales are at approximately the same height throughout the fish, and there are no clamping devices to obstruct the flow, thus significantly improving the scale removal rate.

[0099] In practice, the high-pressure water nozzle 55 can be further mounted on the nozzle mounting plate 57 via a horizontally arranged nozzle shaft 56 on both sides. The nozzle mounting plate 57 is fixed to the nozzle mounting bracket 54. The nozzle mounting plate 57 is also provided with nozzle fastening screw holes 58 on the side of the nozzle shaft. The nozzle fastening screw holes 58 are used to fasten the nozzle with fastening bolts (not shown in the figure).

[0100] This allows you to easily loosen the nozzle fastening bolts to adjust the nozzle tilt angle, and then tighten the bolts to fix it in place.

[0101] As an alternative implementation, the descaling conveyor belt 52 includes two horizontally circular descaling chains 59 located on both sides. The descaling chains 59 are fitted onto a descaling sprocket, which is connected to the descaling motor 61. Several connecting crossbars 62 are fixed horizontally between the descaling chains, with gaps between adjacent connecting crossbars 62. A vertical spike wheel 63 is rotatably provided between the upper and lower sides of the descaling conveyor belt at the position corresponding to the water outlet of the high-pressure water nozzle. Spikes 64 are uniformly protruding outward on the outer circumference of the spike wheel 63. When the spike wheel 63 rotates, the upper spikes 64 can insert into the gaps between the upper connecting crossbars 62 and extend beyond their upper surface.

[0102] In this way, as the fish body adheres to the descaling conveyor belt and passes through the high-pressure water jets for descaling, the sharp spikes at the top of the gears can penetrate the lower surface of the fish body, preventing the fish body from moving under the impact of the high-pressure water jets and affecting the descaling effect. At the same time, the spikes penetrate part of the fish body, creating a cutting edge, which facilitates better marinating and processing later. This structure of the descaling conveyor belt also makes it easier for the removed fish scales to fall off.

[0103] The spike wheel 63 and the descaling motor are connected by a drive.

[0104] In this way, the spike wheel and the descaling conveyor belt are driven by the same motor, which not only saves motor power, but also ensures that there is no interference between the rotation of the spike wheel and the movement of the descaling conveyor belt by relying on the pre-determined transmission ratio. This ensures that when the spike wheel rotates, its spikes always correspond to the interval position between the adjacent connecting crossbars when they reach the top.

[0105] Furthermore, during implementation, a layer of horizontal wire mesh 73 can be provided at intervals on the upper surface of the cleaning plane located in front of the high-pressure water nozzle.

[0106] In this way, the wire mesh can achieve descaling without obstructing the high-pressure water flow, while also preventing fish scales from splashing, thus better protecting the environment. Simultaneously, the upper surface of the cleaning plane below and behind the high-pressure water nozzle is not covered by the wire mesh, leaving an exposed section for (manual) correction of the fish's position and angle as it enters the descaling conveyor belt, preventing the fish from becoming misaligned and affecting the descaling effect. During implementation, the wire mesh is positioned at a height that does not obstruct the fish's passage.

[0107] In practice, the wire mesh 73 can be further made of stainless steel. This provides both low cost and sufficient strength.

[0108] In practice, a fish discharge chute 74 can be further provided on the descaling frame at the front end of the descaling conveyor belt, corresponding to a forward and downward connection. This facilitates the discharge of the processed fish.

[0109] In practice, a waste hopper (not shown in the figure) can be further installed below the descaling conveyor belt to better collect wastewater and fish scales.

[0110] Furthermore, during implementation, panels can be installed around the four sides of the descaling machine frame to better ensure hygiene around the equipment.

[0111] As an alternative to the descaling conveyor belt during implementation, see [link / reference]. Figure 19 The descaling conveyor belt is a descaling belt 66, with both ends of the descaling belt 66 sleeved on descaling pulleys. The descaling pulleys are connected to the descaling motor. The outer surface of the descaling belt 66 is evenly distributed with several elongated grooves 67. An elongated spring plate 68 is horizontally arranged in the groove 67. One end of the spring plate 68 is fixed to the end side wall of the groove 67, and a small magnet 69 is arranged on the lower surface of the other end. The upper surface is provided with barbs 70 facing upwards and located in the groove. A large magnet 71 with the same width as the descaling conveyor belt is also fixedly arranged below the upper side of the descaling conveyor belt at the position corresponding to the water outlet of the high-pressure water nozzle. The magnetic poles of the large magnet 71 at the upper end are the same as the magnetic poles of the small magnet 69 above it.

[0112] In this way, since the upper magnetic pole of the large magnet and the lower magnetic pole of the smaller magnet above it are the same, when the descaling belt passes over the large magnet, it can lift the smaller magnet upwards, pushing the barbs out of the sink and into the lower surface of the fish. This prevents the fish from moving under the impact of the high-pressure water flow, which would affect the descaling effect. At the same time, the sharp barbs penetrate part of the fish, forming a cutting edge, which facilitates better marinating and processing. This method of fixing the fish during descaling is simpler, consumes less energy, and avoids interference.

Claims

1. A method for processing fish products by opening the back, wherein fish to be processed are fed into a conveying line in a clamped state and moved forward, and an automatic opening and cutting process is performed when the fish pass through a cutting knife, characterized in that, The fish to be processed is photographed before being sent to the conveying line, and fish body size data is obtained through computer vision recognition technology, and then the cutting knife position is calculated and adjusted, so that the fish back and fish head are cut open as a whole to only leave the belly skin connected.

2. The fish product back-filleting method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method is realized by a fish processing back opening device in a fish product processing line, the fish processing back opening device comprises a back opening rack, two vertically arranged back opening conveying belts are horizontally installed on the back opening rack with a certain interval, a back opening conveying space for conveying the fish body forward is formed between the two back opening conveying belts, the two back opening conveying belts are connected through a synchronous reverse transmission mechanism and a back opening motor, a back opening circular cutter is vertically arranged at the middle position of the lower end of the front end of the back opening conveying space along the conveying direction, the back opening circular cutter is connected with the back opening motor, and the upper end of the back opening circular cutter extends into the back opening conveying space.

3. The fish product back-filleting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, A back opening circular cutter height adjusting control mechanism is further arranged at the lower end of the front end of the back opening conveying space.

4. The fish product back-filleting method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The back opening circular cutter height adjusting control mechanism comprises a cutter mounting seat, the back opening circular cutter is fixedly installed on one end of a cutter shaft, the cutter shaft is rotatably installed on the cutter mounting seat and has a power input end at the other end, a sliding block is fixedly arranged on the cutter mounting seat, the sliding block is matched with a sliding rail which is vertically fixed on the back opening rack, and an electric telescopic cylinder which is fixed relative to the back opening rack is further arranged below the cutter mounting seat, and the telescopic end of the electric telescopic cylinder is vertically upwardly fixed at the lower end of the cutter mounting seat.

5. The fish product back-filleting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, A detection platform is formed by horizontally extending the two sides of the lower end of the rear end of the conveying space, a camera is arranged above the detection platform, the camera is connected with a control center, the control center comprises a signal receiving module connected with the camera and used for receiving photo signals, a picture recognition module connected with the signal receiving module, the picture recognition module is used for identifying the image of the fish and obtaining fish body size data, a cutter travel calculation module connected with the picture recognition module, the cutter travel calculation module is used for calculating the cutter travel height distance information which the back opening circular cutter should be adjusted according to the fish body size data and the current position information of the back opening circular cutter, an information conversion module, the information conversion module is used for converting the cutter travel height distance information into electric telescopic cylinder output control information, and a signal transmitting module connected with the information conversion module, the signal transmitting module is used for sending the electric telescopic cylinder output control information to the electric telescopic cylinder to realize control.

6. The fish product back-filleting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, A lower limiting block in the shape of a long strip is arranged opposite to the conveying space, the lower limiting block is fixedly installed on the back opening rack and has a V-shaped cross section, and the middle part of the lower limiting block at the position of the back opening circular cutter has a gap for the back opening circular cutter to extend upward.

7. The fish product back-filleting method according to claim 6, characterized in that, An upper limiting block in the shape of a long strip is arranged opposite to the conveying space, the upper limiting block has an inverted V-shaped cross section, and the upper limiting block is floatingly installed on the back opening rack through an adjustable floating pressing mechanism.

8. The fish product back-filleting method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The adjustable floating pressing mechanism comprises an adjusting rod vertically fixed on the upper end of the upper limiting block, the upper part of the adjusting rod is provided with a threaded section, the threaded section of the adjusting rod is slidably upwardly penetrated through a horizontally arranged abutting force bearing plate and is screw-connected with an adjusting nut, the abutting force bearing plate is fixedly connected with the open-back rack, a helical spring is further adjusted outside the adjusting screw rod, and the upper and lower ends of the helical spring abut between the abutting force bearing plate and the upper limiting block; an upper pressing nut is further screw-connected above the adjusting nut.

9. The fish product back-filleting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The synchronous reverse transmission mechanism comprises two open-back power input sprockets located on the same horizontal plane, the two open-back power input sprockets are coaxially installed above the conveying belt wheels at the output ends of the two open-back conveying belts, one of the two open-back power input sprockets is directly connected with the open-back motor output shaft, the other open-back power input sprocket is horizontally installed at the front and rear positions outside the open-back power input sprocket, and an auxiliary steering sprocket is arranged at each position, and the open-back power input sprocket directly connected with the open-back motor output shaft is sleeved with a synchronous reverse transmission chain, the other end of the synchronous reverse transmission chain is reversely wound around the two auxiliary steering sprockets and then reversely wound around the open-back power input sprocket not directly connected with the open-back motor output shaft to realize reverse transmission.

10. The fish product back-filleting method according to claim 2, characterized in that, A waste hopper is correspondingly arranged below the open-back rack, and a panel is arranged around the outer side of the open-back rack.

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