Gear tooth root transition arc worm grinding device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear tooth root transition arc worm grinding device which comprises a mounting base, an index plate and a plurality of shape modifying blocks, the mounting base is arranged in a grinding wheel shape modifying area of a worm grinding machine, the index plate is arranged on the mounting base, the shape modifying blocks are distributed in the circumferential direction of the index plate, and the index plate is arranged on the mounting base. And a shaping groove for shaping a transition arc at the top of the grinding wheel is formed in the shaping block. The method comprises the steps that S1, after primary grinding of the tooth shape of the gear is completed, a grinding wheel is transferred to a grinding wheel shaping area from a machining area; s2, according to the design requirement of the gear tooth root transition fillet, the index plate is rotated to select the corresponding shape correction block; s3, the grinding wheel rotates around the axis of the grinding wheel and is fed in the axial direction, so that the top of the grinding wheel makes contact with the shaping groove for profiling trimming; s4, after the top of the grinding wheel is finished, the grinding wheel returns to the machining area from the grinding wheel shaping area; and S5, the gear is accurately ground through the grinding wheel, and the tooth root transition arc is synchronously ground in the tooth shape grinding process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of gear precision machining equipment and methods, and in particular to a gear tooth root transition arc worm grinding device and method. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 1 As shown, in the high-end gear manufacturing process, the transition radius (referred to as the R angle for convenience) at the tooth root is crucial, as its accuracy directly affects the gear's fatigue strength and service life. Currently, for gears ground using worm grinders, the machining of their tooth root R angle typically faces the following challenges: 1. Reliant on manual labor, resulting in poor stability: This method commonly involves workers using hand-held grinding stones to grind and polish the tooth root radius (R-angle). This method heavily depends on the operator's skill level, leading to poor processing consistency, difficulty in guaranteeing the shape and dimensional accuracy of the R-angle, and unstable product quality.

[0003] 2. Cumbersome process and low efficiency: Manual grinding, as an independent offline process, interrupts the continuous flow of automated grinding. It requires secondary clamping and positioning, which not only increases auxiliary time, but may also affect gear accuracy due to secondary clamping errors, resulting in low overall processing efficiency.

[0004] 3. Inability to achieve precise forming of complex R-angles: For specific curvature radii R-angles required by design drawings, manual grinding makes it difficult to precisely control the shape, and it is even more impossible to meet the R-angle processing requirements of different angles at the pitch circle position of gears. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a gear tooth root transition arc worm grinding device with a simple structure that is conducive to achieving high precision, high efficiency and stable machining of tooth root R angle.

[0006] The present invention further provides a grinding method for the above-mentioned gear tooth root transition arc worm grinding device.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A gear tooth root transition arc worm gear grinding device includes a mounting base, an indexing disk, and a dressing block. The mounting base is located in the grinding wheel dressing area of ​​the worm gear grinding machine. The indexing disk is located on the mounting base. Multiple dressing blocks are provided and distributed along the circumference of the indexing disk. Each dressing block is provided with a dressing groove for dressing a transition arc on the top of the grinding wheel.

[0008] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the working surface of the shaping block is provided with a wear-resistant layer, which helps to improve the wear resistance of the shaping block, extend its service life, maintain the finishing accuracy for a long time, and reduce the frequency and cost of tool replacement.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the wear-resistant layer is made of diamond abrasive spraying, which has high hardness and good wear resistance.

[0010] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the indexing disc is provided with multiple positioning grooves along the circumferential direction, and multiple shaping blocks are embedded in the positioning grooves one by one. The side wall of the positioning groove is provided with shaping block locking parts for locking the shaping blocks, which is convenient to install and has a compact structure.

[0011] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the locking component for the shaping block is a hydraulic telescopic rod. The hydraulic telescopic rod can provide sufficient pressure to reliably lock the shaping block into the positioning groove, resulting in a high degree of automation and good reliability. The specific working principle of the hydraulic telescopic rod is similar to that of a hydraulic cylinder and will not be elaborated further.

[0012] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: a pad is provided at the end of the hydraulic telescopic rod. The pad helps to ensure that the pressure of the hydraulic telescopic rod is applied evenly to the shaping block.

[0013] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: the mounting base includes a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate. The first mounting plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for mounting on the grinding wheel dressing area of ​​the worm gear grinder. The second mounting plate is arranged perpendicularly to the first mounting plate. The indexing disc is disposed on the second mounting plate. The second mounting plate is provided with an indexing disc locking member for locking the indexing disc.

[0014] A grinding method for the aforementioned gear tooth root transition arc worm gear grinding device includes the following steps: S1. After the initial grinding of the gear teeth is completed, the grinding wheel is transferred from the machining area to the grinding wheel dressing area; S2. Based on the design requirements of the gear tooth root transition fillet, rotate the indexing disk to select the corresponding shaping block; S3. The grinding wheel rotates around its own axis and feeds axially, so that the top of the grinding wheel contacts the shaping groove for contouring and shaping. S4. After the top of the grinding wheel is dressed, the grinding wheel returns from the dressing area to the machining area; S5. The grinding wheel performs precision grinding on the gear, and the tooth root transition arc is ground simultaneously during the grinding of the tooth profile.

[0015] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: As a further improvement to the above technical solution, the grinding method of the gear root transition arc worm grinding device also includes the following steps: S6. Remove the gear and use a profiler or coordinate measuring machine to inspect the tooth root transition arc to determine whether it meets the design requirements. If it does, the machining process ends.

[0016] As a further improvement to the above technical solution: In step S6, if the tooth root transition arc does not meet the design requirements, return to step S1, and in step S2, based on the detection results, rotate the indexing disk again and select the corresponding shaping block.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: a) High precision and high stability: By replacing manual operation with indexing disc and R-angle shaping block, the interference of human factors is completely eliminated, ensuring the dimensional consistency, shape accuracy and surface quality of the tooth root R-angle, and significantly improving the product qualification rate (verification shows that the product qualification rate can be increased from about 85% by manual grinding to about 98%).

[0018] b) High efficiency and process integration: Integrating the R-angle machining into the grinding wheel dressing process achieves seamless connection with the gear grinding process, eliminating the need for secondary clamping and offline manual grinding time, and reducing the machining cycle of a single gear by about 30%-50%. Taking the auxiliary oil pump gear as an example, its R-angle machining time has been reduced from about 5 minutes / piece to less than 1 minute / piece, and this is included in the dressing time.

[0019] c) High flexibility: By replacing the R-angle trimming blocks of different specifications and adjusting the angle of the indexing disc, one set of equipment can quickly adapt to the processing of gears with different R-angle specifications and indexing requirements, and has strong versatility.

[0020] d) R-angle shaping blocks coated with diamond abrasive have high hardness, good wear resistance, and long service life. They can maintain the finishing accuracy for a long time, reducing the frequency and cost of tool replacement.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the tooth root radius (R-angle) involved in this invention. Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the gear tooth root transition arc worm grinding device of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic flowchart of the grinding method of the gear tooth root transition arc worm grinding device of the present invention.

[0024] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Mounting base; 2. Indexing disc; 3. Positioning groove; 4. Indexing disc locking element; 5. Shaping block locking element; 6. Shaping block. Detailed Implementation

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0026] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0027] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Figures 2 to 3 This invention illustrates an embodiment of the gear root transition radius worm gear grinding apparatus and method, used to process an auxiliary oil pump gear (where the gear module is 3, the pressure angle is 20°, and the gear root radius radius is required as follows) on a REISHAUER R2400 worm gear grinder. Figure 1 As shown, R = 1.2 ± 0.2 is used as an example.

[0030] Reference Figure 2 The entire device of the present invention is securely installed on the reserved interface of the grinding wheel dresser in the grinding wheel dressing area of ​​the worm gear grinder through the mounting holes around the first mounting plate 1. Dressing blocks 6 with different radius angles (R) are respectively installed in the positioning grooves 3 of the segmented disc 2, and the R-angle dressing blocks 6 are clamped by the dressing block locking member 5. The indexing disc 2 is adjusted to the initial zero position. According to the design requirements, a dressing block 6 with R = 1.2 is selected. The working surface radius of the dressing groove in this dressing block 6 is 1.2 mm, and the working surface is coated with diamond abrasive.

[0031] Before starting the worm gear grinding process, first rotate the worm gear grinding wheel to the dressing area. Rotate the indexing disc 2 to select the required dressing block 6. After selection, lock the indexing disc 2 using the indexing disc locking element 4 (such as locking pressure block, locking screw, etc.).

[0032] The machine tool controls the grinding wheel to rotate around the Y-axis while slowly feeding along the Y-axis, so that the top of the grinding wheel contacts the working surface of the dressing block 6 for contour dressing. During this process, the angle can be finely adjusted by the indexing disc 2 as needed to further select a suitable dressing block 6 to achieve the most ideal transition curve at the top of the grinding wheel.

[0033] After the top of the grinding wheel is dressed, it retracts from the dressing block 6. The machine tool controls the grinding wheel to rotate and move back to the machining area of ​​the gear workpiece. Except for the fine-tuning which requires manual adjustment of the indexing disc 2, all other steps can be automated through the machine tool program to dress the grinding wheel, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of grinding wheel dressing.

[0034] The machine tool starts the normal worm gear grinding program to perform fine grinding on the gear. Because the top of the grinding wheel has been dressed with a precise transition curve, the root radius is machined synchronously and precisely during the grinding process.

[0035] After machining, remove the gear and use a profile projector or coordinate measuring machine to check the root radius (R-angle). The results should meet the requirements. Figure 1 The design requirement is R = 1.2 ± 0.2 mm.

[0036] While the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the technical solutions of the present invention, or modify them into equivalent embodiments, without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear tooth root transition arc worm grinding device, characterized by, The application relates to a grinding wheel dressing device for a worm grinding machine, which comprises a mounting base (1), a dividing disc (2) and a plurality of dressing blocks (6), wherein the mounting base (1) is arranged in a grinding wheel dressing area of the worm grinding machine, the dividing disc (2) is arranged on the mounting base (1), and the plurality of dressing blocks (6) are arranged along the circumferential direction of the dividing disc (2) and are provided with dressing grooves for dressing a transition arc on the top of a grinding wheel.

2. The gear root transition arc grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working surface of the dressing block (6) is provided with a wear-resistant layer.

3. The gear root transition arc grinding device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wear-resistant layer is formed by spraying corundum.

4. The gear root transition arc grinding device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dividing disc (2) is provided with a plurality of positioning grooves (3) along the circumferential direction, the plurality of dressing blocks (6) are correspondingly embedded in the positioning grooves (3), and the side wall of the positioning groove (3) is provided with a dressing block locking member (5) for locking the dressing block (6).

5. The gear root transition arc grinding device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The dressing block locking member (5) is a hydraulic telescopic rod.

6. The gear root transition arc grinding device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end of the hydraulic telescopic rod is provided with a pad.

7. The gear root transition arc grinding device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The mounting base (1) comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, the first mounting plate is provided with a plurality of mounting holes for being mounted on the grinding wheel dressing area of the worm grinding machine, the second mounting plate is arranged perpendicularly to the first mounting plate, the dividing disc (2) is arranged on the second mounting plate, and the second mounting plate is provided with a dividing disc locking member (4) for locking the dividing disc (2).

8. A grinding method of the gear tooth root transition arc worm grinding apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by, The application further comprises the following steps: S1, after the preliminary grinding of the gear tooth profile is completed, the grinding wheel is transferred from a machining area to a grinding wheel dressing area; S2, according to the design requirement of the gear tooth root transition fillet, the dividing disc (2) is rotated to select a corresponding dressing block (6); S3, the grinding wheel is rotated around the axis thereof and is fed in the axial direction, so that the top of the grinding wheel is in contact with the dressing groove to perform profile dressing; S4, after the top of the grinding wheel is dressed, the grinding wheel is returned to the machining area from the grinding wheel dressing area; S5, the grinding wheel is used to precisely grind the gear, and the gear tooth root transition fillet is simultaneously ground in the process of grinding the tooth profile.

9. The grinding method of the gear tooth root transition circular-arc worm grinding apparatus according to claim 8, characterized by, The application further comprises the following steps: S6, the gear is taken off, a profile instrument or a three-coordinate measuring machine is used to detect the gear tooth root transition fillet, and whether the gear tooth root transition fillet meets the design requirement is judged; if yes, the machining is ended.

10. The grinding method of the gear tooth root transition circular-arc worm grinding apparatus according to claim 9, characterized by, In step S6, if the gear tooth root transition fillet does not meet the design requirement, step S1 is returned, and in step S2, according to the detection result, the dividing disc (2) is rotated again and a corresponding dressing block (6) is selected.

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