Dry process bast fiber spinning active feeding coiling mechanism and coiling method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and particularly relates to a dry bast fiber spinning positive feeding coiling mechanism and a coiling method. The dry bast fiber spinning active feeding and coiling mechanism comprises a sliver guide frame, sliver guide rollers perpendicular to the sliver guide frame, and a mounting rod parallel to the sliver guide rollers, a sliver guide ring is mounted on the mounting rod, a slitting device is placed at the end of the sliver guide frame and comprises a slitting plate, and the slitting plate is arranged on the mounting rod. Slitting teeth distributed in a V shape are arranged on the slitting plate, an upper pressing roller and a lower pressing roller are correspondingly arranged at the strip outlet end of the slitting plate, the lower pressing roller is in linkage with a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is in linkage with the strip guide roller. According to the positive feeding and coiling mechanism for dry bast fiber spinning, the original phenomenon of passive ramie strip pulling is changed, broken strips are reduced, and the invention further provides a coiling method of the positive feeding and coiling mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of textile technology, specifically relating to a dry-process flax spinning active feeding lap-forming mechanism and lap-forming method. Background Technology

[0002] As a textile technology with a long history, hemp spinning has regained market favor in recent years due to the environmentally friendly, healthy, and natural properties of its fibers. With consumption upgrades and the growth of the middle class, the market demand for high-quality, comfortable, and eco-friendly hemp products is increasing. Dry spinning of hemp, as an effective way to utilize the large amount of medium and short hemp fibers generated during the processing of long hemp, produces yarns with a soft hand feel and fabrics with a silk-like texture, significantly different from traditional wet-spun products, and has broad market prospects.

[0003] However, dry-spinning hemp, especially in its advancement towards high-count yarns (greater than 17 English count), faces a long-standing technical bottleneck. Hemp fibers are inherently rigid, lack natural crimp, and have poor inter-fiber cohesion, making them prone to breakage during carding and resulting in a large number of short fibers. This leads to very poor fiber uniformity, making it difficult to control during spinning, resulting in challenging yarn formation and hindering the improvement of yarn count. Currently, dry-spun hemp yarns rarely exceed 21 English count, severely limiting their application in high-end textiles.

[0004] To achieve high-count hemp fibers in dry-spun hemp, a combing process is necessary to remove short fibers and bundles, improving fiber uniformity. However, the combing process requires winding the fiber sliver into a roll for use in the combing machine. Currently, sliver lap machines (or sliver bundling machines) on the market are designed for cotton fibers, and their guide frames generally use a passive drag-type feeding mechanism. Specifically, cotton fibers have strong cohesion and are not easily broken during passive dragging. However, hemp fibers have extremely poor cohesion. When passing through the guide frames of such equipment, the hemp sliver is forcibly dragged, making it very easy to break due to stretching and friction, resulting in unexpected stretching or even fiber fly-out, making it impossible to achieve stable and continuous roll formation. This makes existing cotton spinning lap equipment completely unsuitable for the combing preparation process in hemp spinning.

[0005] In the prior art, CN104153057A discloses a sliver lapping machine for combing preparation. Although it reduces the floor space by optimizing the guide frame structure, its core feeding method is still the traditional drag-and-drop method, which does not solve the fundamental problem of sliver breaking easily due to poor cohesion. CN110835793A focuses on the widening device during the sliver lapping process, aiming to improve the uniformity of sliver layup. However, it is not directly related to the active transmission and feeding control of the guide frame, and similarly cannot overcome the problem of sliver breakage during the feeding stage. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art and provide a dry hemp spinning active feeding and winding mechanism to change the original passive hemp sliver pulling phenomenon and reduce sliver breakage; the present invention also provides its winding method.

[0007] The dry-process flax spinning active feeding lap-forming mechanism includes a guide frame and guide rollers distributed perpendicularly to the guide frame. A mounting rod is also arranged parallel to the guide rollers, and a guide ring is mounted on the mounting rod. A slitting device is placed at the end of the guide frame. The slitting device includes a slitting plate with "V"-shaped slitting teeth. An upper pressure roller and a lower pressure roller are correspondingly arranged at the slitting end of the slitting plate. The lower pressure roller is linked to a drive shaft, and the drive shaft is linked to the guide rollers.

[0008] The guide ring is interspersed with hemp strips.

[0009] A strip drum is placed below the guide roller.

[0010] The guide bar frame is a hollow square tube. Two guide bar rollers are installed on the left and right sides of the frame via an optical shaft connection. A drive wheel is installed in the center, and the two sides are supported by two bearings with seats. The multiple guide bar rollers are driven by a drive belt inside the square tube, and the drive wheel and the necessary holes are installed inside the guide bar frame.

[0011] The guide bar frame is made of 80mm×100mm square tubing, with mounting holes cut out on all four sides by laser cutting to fix the fixed shaft, and the guide bar roller passes through the mounting transmission wheel.

[0012] The lower pressure roller is connected to the drive shaft via an installed drive chain. The drive shaft is connected to the nearest guide roller via a flat belt, which is surrounded by a belt cover. This nearest guide roller is the guide roller at the end of the guide frame. Because the guide roller is installed inside the guide frame via a shaft connection, the internal optical shaft and the drive shaft are linked via a flat belt. The flat belt is connected and driven by a φ50mm drive wheel installed inside the square tube of the guide frame at the middle position of the guide roller.

[0013] Both the lower pressure roller and the end of the drive shaft are equipped with sprockets, which enable them to connect and drive with the drive chain. The sprockets are transmission ratio change wheels and can be replaced as needed. The drive wheel is φ50mm and is located in the middle of the guide roller, installed inside the square tube of the guide frame, and is driven by a flat belt.

[0014] One end of the guide ring is inserted into the mounting rod for fixation, while the other end is a one-piece circular ring. The guide ring is made of stainless steel, and the inner hole of the circular hole through which the hemp strip passes is φ20mm. The two sides of the inner hole are rounded to reduce friction. When installed vertically on the strip drum, it can effectively control the back-and-forth swing of the hemp strip.

[0015] The guide frame is welded with support legs, and the stretching device is located along the strip output direction of the upper and lower pressure rollers. The hemp strip exiting the stretching device forms a hemp roll.

[0016] The guide roller is cut from a grooved aluminum alloy round tube. The grooves are evenly distributed on the outer surface to increase the friction with the hemp strip, and a φ20mm optical shaft is inserted in the middle for driving the guide roller.

[0017] The guide frame is cut from 80mm×100mm square steel tubing; the slitting teeth and slitting plate are both made of stainless steel. The slitting teeth are 30mm×40mm×5mm in size and are bolted to the slitting plate in a "V" shape. The slitting device is installed between the output end of the guide frame and the drafting device to distribute the hemp strips evenly without lateral movement. The V-shaped slitting tooth design ensures that the distance between each hemp strip exiting the guide frame and the slitting tooth is approximately the same, reducing the resistance caused by bending the hemp strips. The V-shape design also prevents the hemp strips from shaking and sticking together during operation. The slope of the slitting plate is at a 45-60 degree angle to the ground, and the guide roller is parallel to the ground to allow the hemp strips to move freely downwards without excessive bending when exiting the guide roller.

[0018] The lap forming method using the aforementioned dry flax spinning active feeding lap forming mechanism includes the following steps: (1) Take the end of the hemp strip out of each strip barrel and pass it through the corresponding guide ring in turn; (2) Guide the sliver that has passed through the guide ring to the top of the guide roller and start the dry sliver spinning active feeding and lap-forming mechanism: According to the power transmission path: the power is input through the lower pressure roller, transmitted to the drive shaft through the transmission chain, and then driven by the transmission flat belt to drive all the guide rollers. Under the drive of the groove friction, the sliver is actively and positively conveyed forward. (3) The hemp strips that are actively conveyed to the front end of the guide frame naturally enter the slitting device and are evenly separated by the slitting teeth; (4) The hemp strips, after being evenly separated by the slitting device, are smoothly introduced into the drawing device. The hemp strips are drawn in the drawing device according to the process requirements and finally wound into hemp rolls.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The present invention removes the guide bar part of the original winding machine, uses the guide bar pressure roller of the original equipment as the main drive, adds a drive shaft below the original pressure roller, installs a drive wheel in the middle of the shaft, changes the feeding speed by changing the diameter of the drive wheel, and drives the guide bar roller through a flat belt, so that the hemp strip is actively fed into the drafting device of the original equipment on the entire guide bar roller and the slitting device, changing the original passive pulling phenomenon of hemp strip and reducing strip breakage.

[0020] (2) The present invention changes the transmission direction of the hemp strip in the strip barrel, so that the hemp strip is placed vertically upward and parallel on the guide roller. The guide roller rotates and drives the hemp strip to move forward actively. During the entire movement process, the hemp strip is subjected to very little external traction force, which effectively prevents the hemp strip from breaking due to poor cohesion, thus affecting production efficiency. At the same time, it reduces the situation where the quality of the hemp strip is reduced due to joint problems.

[0021] (3) The present invention removes the guide frame of the original equipment that uses a dragging method to pull the cotton strip and does not have an active feeding function, and replaces it with an active feeding mechanism, which solves the problem of the hemp strip breaking during the dragging process. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dry hemp spinning active feeding and winding mechanism of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the slitting device structure of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the guide ring of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the guide roller.

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slitting plate structure of the slitting device.

[0027] In the diagram: 1. Hemp roll; 2. Drawing device; 3. Slitting device; 3-1. Slitting teeth; 3-2. Slitting plate; 4. Drive chain; 5. Flat belt; 6. Guide roller; 6-1. Optical shaft; 7. Hemp strip; 8. Strip barrel; 9. Guide ring; 10. Mounting rod; 11. Guide frame; 11-2. Mounting hole; 12. Upper pressure roller; 13. Lower pressure roller; 14. Drive shaft; 15. Belt cover; 16. Support leg; 17. Drive wheel; 18. Fixed shaft; 19. Tension bearing; 20. Fixed hole. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0029] Unless otherwise specified, all components used in the embodiments are machined or commercially available. The shafts, optical shafts, bearing seats, bearing holes, and bearings described in this invention are all shaft-connected systems. Those skilled in the art can perform installation operations based on the shaft connection instructions. The transmission systems between belts, drive wheels, chains, sprockets, shaft wheels, and bearings also use conventional transmission connection settings. Those skilled in the art will not find the various ways of describing technical terms inoperable; all are conventional transmissions.

[0030] The original equipment mentioned in this invention refers to the FA334A sliver lap machine manufactured by Jingwei Textile Machinery in 2004.

[0031] Example 1 The dry-process flax spinning active feeding lap-forming mechanism of this invention first involves installing the guide frame and guide platform of the original FA334A lap-forming machine manufactured by Jingwei Textile Machinery in 2004 onto the original equipment. Then, the dry-process flax spinning active feeding lap-forming mechanism of this invention is installed onto the original equipment, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the dry-process flax spinning active feeding and lap-forming mechanism includes a guide frame 11, guide rollers 6 perpendicularly distributed to the guide frame 11, and a mounting rod 10 arranged parallel to the guide rollers 6. A guide ring 9 is mounted on the mounting rod 10. Figure 2 As shown, a slitting device 3 is placed at the end of the guide frame 11. The slitting device 3 includes a slitting plate 3-2, on which slitting teeth 3-1 are arranged in a "V" shape. An upper pressure roller 12 and a lower pressure roller 13 are correspondingly arranged at the output end of the slitting plate 3-2. The lower pressure roller 13 is linked with the drive shaft 14, and the drive shaft 14 is linked with the guide roller 6. The slitting device 3 is fixed to the original equipment by bolts. The relevant shafts, sprockets, and power equipment described in this invention are all existing conventional power sensing devices, which will not be described in detail. The drafting device 2 is already in the original equipment.

[0032] A hemp strip 7 is inserted into the guide ring 9. A strip drum 8 is placed below the guide roller 6.

[0033] The guide frame 11 is a hollow square tube. Two guide rollers 6 are connected to the left and right sides of the guide frame 11 via an optical shaft 6-1. A drive wheel is installed in the center, and the two sides are supported by two bearings with seats. The multiple guide rollers 6 are driven by a drive belt inside the square tube, and the drive wheel and the required holes are installed inside the guide frame 11.

[0034] like Figure 4 As shown, the guide bar frame 11 is made of an 80mm×100mm square tube, with mounting holes 11-2 cut out on all four sides by laser cutting to fix the fixed shaft 18, and the guide bar roller passes through the mounting transmission wheel 17.

[0035] The lower pressure roller 13 is connected to the drive shaft 14 via a drive chain 4. Sprockets are installed at both ends of the lower pressure roller 13 and the drive shaft 14, allowing the drive chain 4 to be installed accordingly. A drive wheel 17 is installed at the center of the drive shaft 14 to mount a flat belt 5. The flat belt 5 passes through six guide rollers 6, and its tension is adjusted by a tension bearing 19. The other end of the flat belt 5 is also driven by a light shaft 6-1 installed at the center of the guide frame 11.

[0036] The drive shaft 14 is connected to the nearest guide roller 6 via a flat belt 5, and a belt cover 15 is provided around the flat belt 5.

[0037] The surface of the guide roller 6 is evenly distributed with grooves. It is made by purchasing grooved aluminum alloy round tubes and cutting them into 600mm long pieces, a total of 12 pieces, to form the guide roller 6. Each guide roller conveys 2 hemp strips, and can convey up to 24 strips. Two guide rollers 6 are connected by a shaft and installed on both sides of the guide frame 11. A transmission wheel 17 is installed in the center, and the two sides are supported by two bearings with seats.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, one end of the guide ring 9 is inserted into the mounting rod 10 and fixed, while the other end is an integral circular ring. One end of the guide ring 9 is cut into a circle from an 8mm stainless steel plate, with a φ20mm hole drilled in the middle. The two sides of the hole are rounded to reduce friction when the hemp strip passes through. The other end is fixed to the mounting rod 10 with a 12mm×8mm square iron.

[0039] The guide frame 11 is welded with a support leg 16. The drawing device 2 is located along the strip output direction of the upper pressure roller 12 and the lower pressure roller 13. The hemp strip exiting the drawing device 2 forms a hemp roll.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the slitting device 3 uses a stainless steel plate with both ends bent at the front end of the guide frame 11 to prevent deformation of the stainless steel plate. Two 6.2mm fixing holes 20 are drilled at the bottom of the stainless steel plate at the bend, and it is fixed to the frame with two 6mm bolts. The holes are made by laser drilling. The slitting teeth 3-1, which are 30mm×40mm×5mm in size, are made of 5mm thick stainless steel plate and are fixed to the slitting plate 3-2 from the bottom with bolts. Both the slitting teeth 3-1 and the slitting plate 3-2 are made of stainless steel.

[0041] Example 2 Eight hemp rolls were formed using the modified dry hemp spinning active feeding and lap-forming mechanism of Example 1. The lap-forming method included the following steps: (1) Take the end of the hemp strip out of each strip barrel and pass it through the corresponding guide ring in turn; (2) Guide the sliver that has passed through the guide ring to the top of the guide roller and start the dry sliver spinning active feeding and lap-forming mechanism: According to the power transmission path: the power is input through the lower pressure roller 13, transmitted to the drive shaft 14 through the transmission chain 4, and then driven by the transmission flat belt 5 to drive all the guide rollers 6. Under the drive of the groove friction force, the sliver is actively and actively conveyed forward. (3) The hemp strips that are actively conveyed to the front end of the guide frame naturally enter the slitting device and are evenly separated by the slitting teeth; (4) The hemp strips, after being evenly separated by the slitting device, are smoothly introduced into the drawing device. The hemp strips are drawn in the drawing device according to the process requirements and finally wound into hemp rolls.

[0042] Before the modification, the original equipment was a Jingwei Textile Machinery FA334A sliver lap machine, and the lap structure was the same as that of CN104153057A.

[0043] (i) The dry hemp spinning active feeding and spooling mechanism of the present invention was modified as follows before the modification: the original guide frame steel pipe was moved down and closer to the center in order to reduce the length of the dragging sliver and reduce sliver breakage. However, the sliver breakage during operation was hardly improved after the modification. Since the sliver barrels were all concentrated in the center, the operators could not enter after the sliver broke and could not reconnect the sliver. This method failed.

[0044] (ii) Using the modified equipment from Example 1, the same hemp strips were rolled into rolls as the original equipment before modification. The hemp strips were both 4.3 g / m thick, and small rolls of 30 m each were made. The rolling steps were performed according to Example 2. The results of the breakage test on the 8 hemp rolls are shown in Table 1.

[0045] Table 1. Results of strip breakage tests on the rolled product before and after modification.

[0046] (III) The modified hemp rolls (1-8 rolls) from Example 2 were spun using a compact Sirospun process. The yarn was tested, and the results are shown in Table 2. Before the modification, the cotton slivers suffered from severe breakage, making it difficult to spin yarn in subsequent processes. The highest yarn count was only 14S, and the production efficiency was extremely low.

[0047] Table 2 Spinning test results

Claims

1. A dry cotton spinning and positive feed lap forming mechanism characterized by: It includes guide bar frame (11), and with guide bar frame (11) vertical distribution guide bar roller (6), with the guide bar roller (6) parallelly arranged installation rod (10) is further included, the installation rod (10) is installed with guide bar ring (9), the end of guide bar frame (11) is placed with separating device (3), the separating device (3) includes separating plate (3-2), separating plate (3-2) is provided with "V type distribution separating tooth (3-1), the end of separating plate (3-2) is correspondingly provided with upper press roller (12) and lower press roller (13), lower press roller (13) is linked with transmission shaft (14), transmission shaft (14) is linked with guide bar roller (6).

2. The dry cotton spinning positive feed lap mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide bar ring (9) is inserted with tow (7).

3. The dry cotton spinning positive feed lap mechanism of claim 1 wherein: The lower of the guide bar roller (6) is placed with a bar bucket (8).

4. The dry cotton spinning positive feed lap mechanism of claim 1 wherein: The guide bar frame (11) is a hollow square tube, and symmetric bearing seat fixing holes are cut out on four sides, and two guide bar rollers (6) are installed on the left and right sides of the guide bar frame (11) through shaft connection.

5. The dry cotton spinning positive feed lap mechanism of claim 1 wherein: The lower press roller (13) is connected with the transmission shaft (14) through the installed transmission chain (4), and the transmission shaft (14) is connected with the guide bar roller (6) through the flat belt (5), and the flat belt (5) is provided with a belt cover (15) on the periphery.

6. The dry cotton spinning positive feed lap mechanism of claim 1 wherein: The guide bar roller (6) is cut from a grooved aluminum alloy round tube.

7. The dry cotton spinning positive feed lap mechanism of claim 1 wherein: One end of the guide bar ring (9) is inserted into the installation rod (10) and fixed.

8. The dry cotton spinning positive feed lap mechanism of claim 1 wherein: The guide bar frame (11) is welded with a supporting leg (16), which is along the direction of the outgoing tow of the upper press roller (12) and the lower press roller (13) to be a drafting device (2), and the tow of the drafting device (2) forms a tow roll.

9. The dry cotton spinning positive feed lap mechanism of claim 1 wherein: The separating tooth (3-1) and the separating plate (3-2) are both made of stainless steel, and the size of the separating tooth (3-1) is 30mm×40mm×5mm, which is fixed on the separating plate (3-2) in "V type" distribution.

10. A method of lap forming using the dry wool spinning and positive feed lap forming mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised by, It includes the following steps: (1) the head end of the tow is taken out from each bar bucket, and is sequentially inserted through the corresponding guide bar ring; (2) the tow inserted through the guide bar ring is introduced above the guide bar roller, and the dry tow spinning active feeding and winding mechanism is started: according to the power transmission path: the power is input through the lower press roller, is transmitted to the transmission shaft through the transmission chain, and drives all guide bar rollers through the transmission flat belt, and the tow is actively and positively fed forward under the friction of the groove; (3) the tow actively fed to the front end of the guide bar frame is naturally introduced into the separating device and evenly separated by the separating tooth; (4) the tow evenly separated by the separating device is smoothly introduced into the drafting device, and the tow is drafted in the drafting device according to the process requirements, and finally wound to form a tow roll.

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