Method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste

Abstract

The invention provides a method for preparing high nickel matte from nickel-based waste, which belongs to the technical field of metal smelting, and comprises the following steps: adding the nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first vulcanizing agent, a first fuel and first oxygen-enriched air into a first-section smelting furnace, and smelting at the temperature of 1200-1400 DEG C for 2-3 hours; and when the nickel-based waste materials in the first-section smelting furnace are subjected to melting and reduction vulcanization treatment, the reducing atmosphere in the first-section smelting furnace is controlled, so that the content of Fe3O4 in the first-section smelting slag is 8-14%, the content of Ni is 1-3%, and high-nickel matte is directly obtained. The high-nickel matte can be obtained without the blowing process of a low-nickel matte converter, so that the technological process is greatly simplified; and the reduction and oxidation cycle process of a large amount of iron is avoided, the consumption of a reducing agent and fuel is remarkably reduced, and the effects of saving cost and improving economic benefits can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal smelting technology, and more specifically, to a method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand and production of stainless steel, a major consumer of nickel, and the rapid development of fuel cells, catalysts, and electroplating industries that use nickel as a primary raw material, market demand for nickel is constantly rising. Especially with the accelerating pace of industrialization, the importance of nickel is becoming increasingly prominent, leading to a continuous increase in nickel consumption and the depletion of nickel sulfide ores. Therefore, the effective development and utilization of nickel-based waste and related technologies are receiving increasing attention.

[0003] In existing technologies, methods for preparing nickel matte from nickel-based waste generally employ a two-stage reduction method. For example, patent CN110241307B discloses a two-stage reduction method for preparing nickel matte from nickel-containing materials. This method includes the following steps: melting and pre-reducing nickel-containing materials, fuel, oxygen-enriched air, and reducing agent in a side-blown smelting furnace at a temperature of 1150-1400℃ to obtain liquid molten matte slag; passing the liquid molten matte slag through a hot slag chute into an electric reduction furnace for reduction and slag-matte separation at a temperature of 1500-1600℃ to obtain nickel matte.

[0004] In the two-stage reduction method for preparing nickel matte from nickel-containing materials, the electric furnace requires a high reduction potential to reduce the Ni content in the reduction slag to below 0.5% during actual production. Most of the iron oxides in the material are reduced and sulfided into the nickel matte. This large amount of iron reduction and sulfidation results in a low Ni content in the matte phase, producing low-nickel matte (Ni: 30%, Cu: 5-8%, Fe: 25%, S: 21%-25%). This low-nickel matte then enters the next converter blowing process. During blowing, the iron and iron sulfides in the low-nickel matte are oxidized and incorporated into the blowing slag, yielding high-nickel matte (Fe: 1%-5%). The entire blowing process requires a large amount of iron to be oxidized and removed, and fluxes such as quartz are needed for slag formation, resulting in a large amount of blowing slag. This large amount of blowing slag is then returned to the reduction furnace, where the iron oxides require a large amount of reducing agent to reduce. Throughout the process, 70%-80% of the Fe in the low-nickel matte is repeatedly oxidized (low-nickel matte blowing) and repeatedly reduced (blowing slag is returned to the reduction furnace for reduction smelting), circulating repeatedly within the system and consuming a large amount of reducing agent, flux, and fuel, thus resulting in low economic efficiency.

[0005] In summary, the existing two-stage reduction method for preparing nickel matte from nickel-containing materials results in a large amount of slag being blown, and the repeated reduction and oxidation of a large amount of iron leads to a large consumption of reducing agent, fuel, and flux throughout the process.

[0006] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present invention, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of the above problems, the purpose of this invention is to provide a method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste, so as to solve the problem that the existing two-stage reduction method for preparing nickel matte from nickel-containing materials requires repeated oxidation and reduction of Fe in low-nickel matte, repeated circulation within the system, consumption of large amounts of reducing agent, flux and fuel, increased cost and low economic efficiency.

[0008] This invention provides a method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste, comprising the following steps: Nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first sulfiding agent, a first fuel, and a first oxygen-enriched air are added to the first smelting furnace. The nickel-based waste in the first smelting furnace is melted and reduced and sulfided at a temperature of 1200℃-1400℃. The reducing atmosphere in the first-stage smelting furnace is controlled so that the Fe3O4 content in the first-stage smelting slag is 8-14% and the Ni content is 1-3%, thus obtaining high-nickel matte and first-stage smelting slag.

[0009] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is that the first smelting furnace is a side-blown smelting furnace.

[0010] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is that during the process of adding nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first sulfiding agent, a first fuel, and a first oxygen-enriched air into the first smelting furnace, The nickel-based waste, the first reducing agent, and the first sulfiding agent are added from the top of the first smelting furnace; the first fuel and the first oxygen-enriched air are injected into the first smelting furnace through an immersion side-blowing spray gun.

[0011] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is that during the process of adding nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first sulfiding agent, a first fuel, and a first oxygen-enriched air into the first smelting furnace, A first flux is added to the first stage of the melting furnace; wherein the first flux is added from the top of the first stage of the melting furnace.

[0012] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is that the first flux is quartz or quartz sand.

[0013] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment includes, after obtaining high-nickel matte and a first stage of smelting slag, the following steps: The first-stage smelting slag, along with the second reducing agent, the second sulfiding agent, the second flux, the second fuel, and the second oxygen-enriched air, are added into the second-stage smelting furnace. The first-stage smelting slag in the second-stage smelting furnace is then reduced and smelted at a temperature of 1200℃-1400℃. The reducing atmosphere in the second-stage smelting furnace is controlled so that the Fe3O4 content in the second-stage smelting slag is ≤2% and the Ni content is ≤0.5%, thus obtaining low-nickel matte and second-stage smelting slag.

[0014] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment includes returning the low-nickel matte as a sulfiding agent to the first smelting furnace.

[0015] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is that the second smelting furnace is a side-blown smelting furnace.

[0016] Furthermore, a preferred embodiment is that during the process of adding the first stage of smelting slag, along with the second reducing agent, the second sulfiding agent, the second flux, the second fuel, and the second oxygen-enriched air into the second stage smelting furnace, The first-stage smelting slag, the second reducing agent, the second sulfiding agent, and the second flux are added from the top of the second-stage smelting furnace; the second fuel and the second oxygen-enriched air are injected into the second-stage smelting furnace through a submerged side-blowing spray gun.

[0017] Furthermore, in preferred embodiments, the first reducing agent is coal or coke; and / or, the first sulfiding agent is pyrite or sulfur; and / or, the first fuel is natural gas or diesel; and / or, the oxygen concentration of the first oxygen-enriched air is 50%-80%; and / or, the second reducing agent is coal or coke; and / or, the second sulfiding agent is pyrite or sulfur; and / or, the second fuel is natural gas or diesel; and / or, the second flux is quartz or quartz sand; and / or, the oxygen concentration of the second oxygen-enriched air is 50%-80%.

[0018] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste provided by the present invention involves adding nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first sulfiding agent, a first fuel, and a first oxygen-enriched air into a first-stage smelting furnace. During the melting and reduction sulfidation treatment of the nickel-based waste in the first-stage smelting furnace at a temperature of 1200℃-1400℃, the reducing atmosphere in the first-stage smelting furnace is controlled to ensure that the Fe3O4 content in the first-stage smelting slag is 8-14% and the Ni content is 1-3%, thereby directly obtaining high-nickel matte. Compared with the existing two-stage method for reducing nickel-containing materials to prepare nickel matte, high-nickel matte can be obtained without a low-nickel matte converter blowing process, greatly simplifying the process flow. Furthermore, it avoids the reduction and oxidation cycle of large amounts of iron, significantly reducing the consumption of reducing agent and fuel, thus achieving cost savings and improved economic efficiency.

[0019] To achieve the foregoing and related objectives, and in accordance with one or more aspects of the invention, the features described in detail below are included. Certain exemplary aspects of the invention are illustrated in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these aspects indicate only a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention can be used. Furthermore, the invention is intended to encompass all such aspects and their equivalents. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Other objects and results of the invention will become more apparent and readily understood with reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and with a more complete understanding of the invention.

[0021] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating a method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A process flowchart for a method of preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0022] In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth for illustrative purposes and to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. However, it will be apparent that these embodiments may also be implemented without these specific details.

[0023] In view of the aforementioned prior art, the two-stage reduction method for preparing nickel matte from nickel-containing materials requires repeated oxidation and reduction of Fe in low-nickel matte, which involves repeated circulation within the system, consuming large amounts of reducing agent, flux, and fuel, increasing costs, and resulting in low economic efficiency. Therefore, this invention proposes a method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste.

[0024] It should be noted that the terminology used in the technical solutions of this invention is for descriptive purposes only and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should be further understood that, when used in this specification, the terms "comprising" and / or "including" specify the presence of the stated features, integers, or steps, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, and / or combinations thereof. As used herein, the term "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0025] As used in this invention, unless otherwise specified, the use of ordinal adjectives such as “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., used to describe a common object only indicates that different instances of the same object are referred to.

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] To illustrate the method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste provided by this invention, Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 2 The process of preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0028] like Figure 1 Combination Figure 2 As shown, the method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste provided by the present invention mainly includes the following steps: Step S1: Add nickel-based waste, first reducing agent, first sulfiding agent, first fuel and first oxygen-enriched air into the first smelting furnace, and melt and reduce the nickel-based waste in the first smelting furnace at a temperature of 1200℃-1400℃.

[0029] Specifically, nickel-based waste typically consists of NiO, Fe3O4, CuSO4, and CuO, with Ni content ranging from 8% to 10%. This nickel-based waste generally originates from the electroplating industry, battery industry, and chemical catalysts. The nickel-based waste, along with a first reducing agent, a first sulfiding agent, a first fuel, and first oxygen-enriched air, is added to the first-stage smelting furnace. At a temperature of 1200℃-1400℃, the nickel-based waste in the first-stage smelting furnace undergoes melting and reduction sulfidation treatment. The ratio of nickel-based waste to the first reducing agent, first sulfiding agent, first fuel, and first oxygen-enriched air needs to be determined based on the specific composition and content of the nickel-based waste.

[0030] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first stage smelting furnace is a side-blown smelting furnace.

[0031] It should be noted that the first stage smelting furnace is preferably, but not limited to, a side-blown smelting furnace. Other types of smelting furnaces can also be used as reduction smelting devices for nickel-based waste in the technical solution of this invention. This invention does not make any special limitations on this.

[0032] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the process of adding nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first sulfiding agent, a first fuel, and a first oxygen-enriched air into the first smelting furnace... Nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, and a first sulfiding agent are added from the top of the first smelting furnace; a first fuel and a first oxygen-enriched air are injected into the first smelting furnace through an immersion-type side-blowing lance.

[0033] Specifically, when the first stage smelting furnace adopts a side-blown smelting furnace, nickel-based waste, the first reducing agent and the first sulfiding agent are added into the first stage smelting furnace through the top of the first stage smelting furnace; the first fuel and the first oxygen-enriched air are injected into the first stage smelting furnace through an immersion side-blown spray gun, so that the nickel-based waste can be melted and reduced and sulfided in the first stage smelting furnace.

[0034] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the process of adding nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first sulfiding agent, a first fuel, and a first oxygen-enriched air into the first smelting furnace... A first flux is added to the first stage of the melting furnace; wherein the first flux is added from the top of the first stage of the melting furnace.

[0035] Specifically, when the slag formed after the reduction and smelting of the components in the nickel-based waste is insufficient to meet the required slag shape, a first flux needs to be added during the process of adding nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first sulfiding agent, a first fuel and a first oxygen-enriched air into the first smelting furnace. When the first smelting furnace is a side-blown smelting furnace, the first flux is added from the top of the first smelting furnace.

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first flux is quartz stone or quartz sand.

[0037] It should be noted that, in the technical solution of this invention, the first flux is preferably, but not limited to, quartz stone or quartz sand. The first flux can be selected as quartz stone or quartz sand, or it can be a mixed flux obtained by mixing quartz stone and quartz sand in any proportion.

[0038] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first reducing agent is coal or coke; and / or, the first sulfiding agent is pyrite or sulfur; and / or, the first fuel is natural gas or diesel; and the oxygen concentration of the first oxygen-enriched air is 50%-80%.

[0039] It should be noted that in the technical solution of the present invention, the first reducing agent is preferably, but not limited to, coal or coke; the first sulfiding agent is preferably, but not limited to, pyrite or sulfur; the first fuel is preferably, but not limited to, natural gas or diesel; and the oxygen concentration of the first oxygen-enriched air is preferably, but not limited to, 50%-80%. The first reducing agent can be coal or coke, or a reducing agent obtained by mixing coal and coke in any proportion; the first sulfiding agent can be pyrite or sulfur, or a sulfiding agent obtained by mixing pyrite and sulfur in any proportion; and the first fuel can be natural gas or diesel, or a fuel obtained by mixing natural gas or diesel in any proportion.

[0040] Step S2: Control the reducing atmosphere in the first-stage smelting furnace so that the Fe3O4 content in the first-stage smelting slag is 8~14% and the Ni content is 1~3%, to obtain high-nickel matte (Ni+Cu≥68%, S≥18%) and first-stage smelting slag (Ni:1~3%).

[0041] Specifically, during the first-stage reduction smelting process in the first-stage smelting furnace, the reducing atmosphere within the furnace can be controlled by adjusting the amount of reducing agent added. This, in turn, controls the magnetite and nickel content in the first-stage smelting slag, thus preventing the excessive reduction and sulfidation of iron in the nickel-based waste. This addresses the problem in existing two-stage reduction methods for nickel matte preparation, where a large amount of iron is sulfided and reduced during the first-stage reduction of nickel-based waste, necessitating repeated oxidation and reduction processes and repeated circulation within the system, resulting in the consumption of large amounts of reducing agent, flux, and fuel. Specifically, by adjusting the amount of the first reducing agent added, the reducing atmosphere within the first-stage smelting furnace can be controlled. In practical applications, an online slag composition analyzer can be used to detect the Ni and Fe3O4 content in the first-stage smelting slag discharged from the furnace, thereby determining the degree of reduction of the nickel-based waste within the furnace. The reduction atmosphere within the furnace can then be controlled by adjusting the amount of the first reducing agent added online. The above-mentioned technical solution of the present invention can reduce 70%-80% of Ni in the furnace and separate high-nickel matte (Ni+Cu≥68%, S≥18%) and a first-stage smelting slag (Ni:1-3%).

[0042] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining high-nickel matte and a first-stage smelting slag, the method further includes: A first-stage smelting slag, along with a second reducing agent, a second sulfiding agent, a second flux, a second fuel, and a second oxygen-enriched air, are added into a second-stage smelting furnace. The first-stage smelting slag in the second-stage smelting furnace is then reduced and smelted at a temperature of 1200℃-1400℃. The reducing atmosphere in the second-stage smelting furnace is controlled so that the Fe3O4 content in the second-stage smelting slag is ≤2% and the Ni content is ≤0.5%, thus obtaining low-nickel matte and second-stage smelting slag (Ni: ≤0.5%).

[0043] Specifically, in order to fully extract nickel matte from nickel-based waste, after the first stage of reduction smelting, the first stage smelting slag is used as raw material and added to the second stage smelting furnace along with the second reducing agent, the second sulfiding agent, the second flux, the second fuel, and the second oxygen-enriched air. The first stage smelting slag is then subjected to a second stage of reduction smelting at a temperature of 1200℃-1400℃.

[0044] Compared to the single-stage reduction smelting process described above, the second-stage reduction smelting process involves a higher reducing atmosphere within the furnace to reduce the remaining Ni and some iron in the first-stage smelting slag. The products are low-nickel matte (Ni: 25-30%) and second-stage smelting slag (Ni: below 0.5%). The first-stage smelting slag can flow into the second-stage smelting furnace through a trough for second-stage reduction smelting.

[0045] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes: returning low-nickel matte as a sulfiding agent to the first-stage smelting furnace.

[0046] Specifically, the low-nickel matte obtained from the two-stage reduction smelting can be returned to the one-stage reduction smelting process as a sulfiding agent, or it can be sold externally. The Ni content in the two-stage smelting slag is low, so it can be water-quenched and sold externally.

[0047] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second smelting furnace is a side-blown smelting furnace.

[0048] It should be noted that the second-stage smelting furnace is preferably, but not limited to, a side-blown smelting furnace. Other types of smelting furnaces can also be used as the reduction smelting device for the first-stage smelting slag in the technical solution of this invention. This invention does not impose any particular limitations on this. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, during the process of adding a first stage of smelting slag, a second reducing agent, a second sulfiding agent, a second flux, a second fuel, and a second oxygen-enriched air into the second stage smelting furnace... First-stage smelting slag, second reducing agent, second sulfiding agent, and second flux are added from the top of the second-stage smelting furnace; second fuel and second oxygen-enriched air are injected into the second-stage smelting furnace through submerged side-blowing lances.

[0049] Specifically, when the second-stage smelting furnace adopts a side-blown smelting furnace, the first-stage smelting slag, the second reducing agent, the second sulfiding agent, and the second flux are added into the second-stage smelting furnace from the top; the second fuel and the second oxygen-enriched air are injected into the second-stage smelting furnace through a submerged side-blown spray gun so that the first-stage smelting slag can be melted and reduced and sulfided in the second-stage smelting furnace.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the second reducing agent is coal or coke; and / or, the second sulfiding agent is pyrite or sulfur; and / or, the second fuel is natural gas or diesel; and / or, the second flux is quartz or quartz sand; and / or, the oxygen concentration of the second oxygen-enriched air is 50%-80%.

[0051] It should be noted that, in the technical solution of the present invention, the second reducing agent is preferably, but not limited to, coal or coke; the second sulfiding agent is preferably, but not limited to, pyrite or sulfur; the second fuel is preferably, but not limited to, natural gas or diesel; and the oxygen concentration of the second oxygen-enriched air is preferably, but not limited to, 50%-80%. The second reducing agent can be coal or coke, or a reducing agent obtained by mixing coal and coke in any proportion; the second sulfiding agent can be pyrite or sulfur, or a sulfiding agent obtained by mixing pyrite and sulfur in any proportion; and the second fuel can be natural gas or diesel, or a fuel obtained by mixing natural gas or diesel in any proportion.

[0052] To better illustrate the application of the method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste provided by this invention, the following specific embodiments are provided: The lump coal (reducing agent), pyrite (sulfiding agent), and quartz (flux) used in the following examples were all sourced from the following manufacturers: Lump coal: purchased from Shanxi Hecheng Haobo Coal Transportation and Sales Co., Ltd.; Pyrite: Purchased from Xinlei Abrasive Processing Plant, Zhai Town, Yanshi City; Quartz stone: Purchased from Henan Nami Quartz Stone Technology Co., Ltd.

[0053] Example 1 Using nickel-based waste generated by a nickel-based waste treatment company as raw material, the nickel-based waste generated by the company mainly comes from the electroplating industry, and its main components are NiO, Fe3O4, CuSO4, CuO, etc., of which the elemental Ni content is 5%, Cu content is 5%, S content is 7%, and Fe content is 13%.

[0054] Prepare nickel matte (including high-nickel matte and low-nickel-sulfur matte) according to the following steps: Step S1: 31.2 t / h of nickel-based waste, 6.1 t / h of lump coal, 0.3 t / h of pyrite, 1.8 t / h of quartz, and 600 Nm... 3 / h of natural gas and 11253 Nm of oxygen-enriched gas with a concentration of 65% 3 / h of oxygen-enriched air is added to the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace, and the nickel-based waste in the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace is melted and reduced sulfided at a temperature of 1320℃. In this process, nickel-based waste, lump coal, pyrite, and quartz are added to the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace through the top; natural gas and oxygen-enriched air are injected into the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace through submerged side-blown lances.

[0055] Step S2: By adjusting the amount of lump coal added, the reducing atmosphere in the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace is controlled so that the nickel content of the first-stage smelting slag is 1.6%, reducing about 75% of the Ni in the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace. Through sedimentation and separation in the electrode area of ​​the rear section of the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace, 3.6 t / h of high-nickel matte (Ni: 33%, Cu: 37%, Fe: 5%, S: 22%) and 23.6 t / h of first-stage smelting slag (Ni: 1.6%, Cu: 0.9%) are obtained. The high-nickel matte is sold as a product.

[0056] Step S3: Combine the slag obtained in Step 2 with 0.20 t / h lump coal, 1.1 t / h pyrite, and 300 Nm³ of molten iron. 3 / h of natural gas and 2346 Nm of oxygen-enriched gas with a concentration of 65% 3 / h of oxygen-enriched air is added to the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace, and the first-stage smelting slag in the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace is subjected to two-stage reduction smelting at a temperature of 1400℃. In this process, a first-stage smelting slag, lump coal, and pyrite are added to the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace through the top, while the first-stage smelting slag flows into the top of the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace through a chute; natural gas and oxygen-enriched air are injected into the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace through submerged side-blown lances. Step S4: Control the reducing atmosphere in the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace to make the nickel content of the second-stage smelting slag 0.5%, and reduce the remaining Ni and some iron in the first-stage smelting slag. The products are 1.1 t / h of low-nickel matte (Ni: 23%, Cu: 13%, Fe: 35%, S: 22%) and 22.6 t / h of second-stage smelting slag (Ni: 0.5%, Cu: 0.3%). The obtained low-nickel matte is sold externally. The second-stage smelting slag has a low Ni content and is sold externally after water quenching.

[0057] Comparative Example 1 Using nickel-based waste generated by a nickel-based waste treatment company as raw material, the nickel-based waste generated by the company mainly comes from the electroplating industry, and its main components are NiO, Fe3O4, CuSO4, CuO, etc., of which the elemental Ni content is 5%, Cu content is 5%, S content is 7%, and Fe content is 13%.

[0058] Nickel matte was prepared according to the following steps: Step S1: 31.2 t / h of nickel-based waste, 8.7 t / h of lump coal, 7.52 t / h of pyrite, 1.3 t / h of quartz, and 600 Nm... 3 / h of natural gas and 16047 Nm of oxygen-enriched gas with a concentration of 65% 3 / h of oxygen-enriched air is added to the side-blown smelting furnace, and the nickel-based waste in the side-blown smelting furnace is melted and reduced sulfided at a temperature of 1320℃. In this process, nickel-based waste, lump coal, pyrite, and quartz are added to the side-blown smelting furnace through the top; natural gas and oxygen-enriched air are injected into the side-blown smelting furnace through submerged side-blown lances.

[0059] Step S2: By adjusting the amount of lump coal added, the reducing atmosphere in the side-blown smelting furnace is controlled, and about 91% of the Ni in the furnace is reduced. The low-nickel matte (Ni: 18%, Cu: 18.5%, Fe: 40%, S: 22%) and smelting slag (Ni: 0.5%, Cu: 0.3%) are obtained by sedimentation and separation in the electrode area of ​​the rear section of the side-blown smelting furnace.

[0060] Example 2 Using nickel-based waste generated by a nickel-based waste treatment company as raw material, the main components are NiO, Fe3O4, CuSO4, CuO, etc., of which the elemental Ni content is 8%, Cu content is 3%, S content is 7%, and Fe content is 13%.

[0061] Prepare nickel matte (including high-nickel matte and low-nickel-sulfur matte) according to the following steps: Step S1: 23.1 t / h of nickel-based waste, 4.9 t / h of lump coal, 0.11 t / h of pyrite, 1.3 t / h of quartz, and 600 Nm... 3 / h of natural gas and 8846Nm of oxygen-enriched gas with a concentration of 65% 3 / h of oxygen-enriched air is added to the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace, and the nickel-based waste in the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace is melted and reduced sulfided at a temperature of 1320℃. In this process, nickel-based waste, lump coal, pyrite, and quartz are added to the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace through the top; natural gas and oxygen-enriched air are injected into the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace through submerged side-blown lances.

[0062] Step S2: By adjusting the amount of lump coal added, the reducing atmosphere in the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace is controlled so that the nickel content of the first-stage smelting slag is 2.5%, reducing about 75% of the Ni in the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace. Through sedimentation and separation in the electrode area of ​​the rear section of the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace, 2.8 t / h of high-nickel matte (Ni: 50%, Cu: 21%, Fe: 3%, S: 22%) and 17.4 t / h of first-stage smelting slag (Ni: 2.5%, Cu: 0.6%) are obtained. The high-nickel matte is sold as a product.

[0063] Step S3: Combine the slag obtained in Step 2 with 1.0 t / h lump coal, 1.4 t / h pyrite, and 300 Nm³ of molten slag. 3 / h of natural gas and 2627 Nm of oxygen-enriched gas with a concentration of 65% 3 / h of oxygen-enriched air is added to the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace, and the first-stage smelting slag in the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace is subjected to two-stage reduction smelting at a temperature of 1410℃. In this process, a first-stage smelting slag, lump coal, and pyrite are added to the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace through the top, while the first-stage smelting slag flows into the top of the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace through a chute; natural gas and oxygen-enriched air are injected into the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace through submerged side-blown lances. Step S4: Control the reducing atmosphere in the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace to make the nickel content of the second-stage smelting slag 0.35%, and reduce the remaining Ni and some iron in the first-stage smelting slag. The products are 1.3t / h of low-nickel matte (Ni: 29%, Cu: 4%, Fe: 40%, S: 22%) and 16.6t / h of second-stage smelting slag (Ni: 0.35%, Cu: 0.25%). The obtained low-nickel matte is sold externally. The second-stage smelting slag has a low Ni content and is sold externally after water quenching.

[0064] Example 3 Using nickel-based waste generated by a nickel-based waste treatment company as raw material, the main components are NiO, Fe3O4, CuSO4, CuO, etc., of which the elemental Ni content is 10%, Cu content is 2%, S content is 8%, and Fe content is 12%.

[0065] Prepare nickel matte (including high-nickel matte and low-nickel-sulfur matte) according to the following steps: Step S1: Combine 37 t / h of nickel-based waste, 8.4 t / h of lump coal, 1 t / h of pyrite, 2.0 t / h of quartz, and 650 Nm 3 / h of natural gas and 14623 Nm of oxygen-enriched gas with a concentration of 65% 3 / h of oxygen-enriched air is added to the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace, and the nickel-based waste in the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace is melted and reduced sulfided at a temperature of 1300℃. In this process, nickel-based waste, lump coal, pyrite, and quartz are added to the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace through the top; natural gas and oxygen-enriched air are injected into the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace through submerged side-blown lances.

[0066] Step S2: By adjusting the amount of lump coal added, the reducing atmosphere in the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace is controlled so that the nickel content of the first-stage smelting slag is 2.9%, reducing about 75% of the Ni in the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace. Through sedimentation and separation in the electrode area of ​​the rear section of the first-stage side-blown smelting furnace, 4.8 t / h of high-nickel matte (Ni: 59%, Cu: 12%, Fe: 2.5%, S: 22%) and 27.1 t / h of first-stage smelting slag (Ni: 2.9%, Cu: 0.5%) are obtained. The high-nickel matte is sold as a product.

[0067] Step S3: Combine the slag obtained in step S2 with 1.1 t / h lump coal, 2.4 t / h pyrite, and 350 Nm³ of molten slag. 3 / h of natural gas and 2942 Nm of oxygen-enriched gas with a concentration of 65% 3 / h of oxygen-enriched air is added to the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace, and the first-stage smelting slag in the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace is subjected to two-stage reduction smelting at a temperature of 1400℃. In this process, a first-stage smelting slag, lump coal, and pyrite are added to the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace through the top, while the first-stage smelting slag flows into the top of the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace through a chute; natural gas and oxygen-enriched air are injected into the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace through submerged side-blown lances. Step S4: Control the reducing atmosphere in the second-stage side-blown smelting furnace to make the nickel content of the second-stage smelting slag 0.40%, and reduce the remaining Ni and some iron in the first-stage smelting slag. The products are 2.3t / h of low-nickel matte (Ni: 30%, Cu: 3%, Fe: 40%, S: 22%) and 25.7t / h of second-stage smelting slag (Ni: 0.40%, Cu: 0.25%). The obtained low-nickel matte is sold externally. The second-stage smelting slag has a low Ni content and is sold externally after water quenching.

[0068] As can be seen from the above Examples 1-3, by controlling the reducing atmosphere in the first-stage smelting furnace, the Fe3O4 content in the first-stage smelting slag is 8-14%, and the Ni content is 1-3%, which can directly produce high-nickel matte. Compared with the existing two-stage reduction of nickel-containing materials to prepare nickel matte, high-nickel matte can be obtained without going through the low-nickel matte converter blowing process, which greatly simplifies the process flow; and avoids the reduction and oxidation cycle of a large amount of iron, significantly reducing the consumption of reducing agent and fuel, thus achieving the effect of saving costs and improving economic efficiency.

[0069] By comparing Example 1 with Comparative Example 1, it can be seen that by changing the reduction potential and increasing the reducing agent, a large amount of iron is reduced, and the product obtained is low-nickel matte. The low-nickel matte needs to enter the next converter blowing process. During the blowing process, the iron and iron sulfides in the low-nickel matte are oxidized into the blowing slag to obtain high-nickel matte. The blowing slag is then returned to the reduction furnace, where the iron oxides require a large amount of reducing agent to reduce them.

[0070] It should be noted that the above specific embodiments are merely an explanation of the applicability and effect of the method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste provided by the present invention in actual experimental processes, and are not intended to limit the technical solutions provided by the present invention.

[0071] As can be seen from the above specific embodiments, the method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste provided by the present invention involves adding nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first sulfiding agent, a first fuel, and a first oxygen-enriched air into a first-stage smelting furnace. During the melting and reduction sulfidation treatment of the nickel-based waste in the first-stage smelting furnace at a temperature of 1200℃-1400℃, the reducing atmosphere in the first-stage smelting furnace is controlled to ensure that the Fe3O4 content in the first-stage smelting slag is 8-14% and the Ni content is 1-3%, thereby directly obtaining high-nickel matte. Compared with the existing two-stage method for reducing nickel-containing materials to prepare nickel matte, high-nickel matte can be obtained without a low-nickel matte converter blowing process, greatly simplifying the process flow. Furthermore, it avoids the reduction and oxidation cycle of large amounts of iron, significantly reducing the consumption of reducing agent and fuel, thus achieving cost savings and improved economic efficiency.

[0072] The method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste according to the present invention has been described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications can be made to the method for preparing high-nickel matte from nickel-based waste according to the present invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the contents of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method of producing a high nickel matte from nickel-based scrap, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: adding nickel-based waste, a first reducing agent, a first sulfidizing agent, a first fuel and first oxygen-enriched air into a first smelting furnace, melting and reducing sulfidizing the nickel-based waste in the first smelting furnace at a temperature of 1200-1400℃; controlling the reducing atmosphere in the first smelting furnace to make the content of Fe3O4 in the first-stage smelting slag 8-14% and the content of Ni 1-3%, obtaining high-nickel matte and first-stage smelting slag.

2. The process for producing high nickel matte from nickel base scrap according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first smelting furnace is a side-blown smelting furnace.

3. The process for producing high nickel matte from nickel base scrap according to claim 2, characterized in that, During the process of adding the nickel-based waste, the first reducing agent, the first sulfidizing agent, the first fuel and the first oxygen-enriched air into the first smelting furnace, the nickel-based waste, the first reducing agent and the first sulfidizing agent are added from the top of the first smelting furnace, and the first fuel and the first oxygen-enriched air are sprayed into the first smelting furnace through an immersed side-blown lance.

4. The process for producing high nickel matte from nickel base scrap according to claim 2, characterized in that, During the process of adding the nickel-based waste, the first reducing agent, the first sulfidizing agent, the first fuel and the first oxygen-enriched air into the first smelting furnace, a first flux is also added into the first smelting furnace, wherein the first flux is added from the top of the first smelting furnace.

5. The process for producing high nickel matte from nickel base scrap according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first flux is quartzite or quartz sand.

6. The process for producing high nickel matte from nickel base scrap according to claim 1, characterized in that, After obtaining the high-nickel matte and the first-stage smelting slag, the method further comprises: adding the first-stage smelting slag, a second reducing agent, a second sulfidizing agent, a second flux, a second fuel and second oxygen-enriched air into a second smelting furnace, reducing smelting the first-stage smelting slag in the second smelting furnace at a temperature of 1200-1400℃; controlling the reducing atmosphere in the second smelting furnace to make the content of Fe3O4 in the second-stage smelting slag ≤2% and the content of Ni ≤0.5%, obtaining low-nickel matte and second-stage smelting slag.

7. The process for producing high nickel matte from nickel base scrap according to claim 6, characterized in that, The method further comprises: returning the low-nickel matte as a sulfidizing agent into the first smelting furnace.

8. The process for producing high nickel matte from nickel base scrap as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The second smelting furnace is a side-blown smelting furnace.

9. The method of producing high nickel matte from nickel base scrap according to claim 8, characterized in that, During the process of adding the first-stage smelting slag, the second reducing agent, the second sulfidizing agent, the second flux, the second fuel and the second oxygen-enriched air into the second smelting furnace, the first-stage smelting slag, the second reducing agent, the second sulfidizing agent and the second flux are added from the top of the second smelting furnace, and the second fuel and the second oxygen-enriched air are sprayed into the second smelting furnace through an immersed side-blown lance.

10. The process for producing high nickel matte from nickel base scrap as claimed in claim 6 wherein, The first reducing agent is coal or coke; and / or, The first sulfidizing agent is pyrite or sulfur; and / or, The first fuel is natural gas or diesel; and / or, the oxygen-enriched concentration of the first oxygen-enriched air is 50-80%; and / or, The second reducing agent is coal or coke; and / or, The second sulfidizing agent is pyrite or sulfur; and / or, The second fuel is natural gas or diesel; and / or, The second flux is quartzite or quartz sand; and / or, The oxygen-enriched concentration of the second oxygen-enriched air is 50-80%.

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