Information acquisition device and bird hypochondriac risk assessment device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of power transmission and transformation project risk assessment, and discloses an information acquisition device and a bird hypochondriac risk assessment device.The information acquisition device comprises a track used for being installed on a tower, the track comprises a base with a longitudinal part and a transverse part, and track grooves are formed in the longitudinal part and the transverse part; a middle rail is arranged at the intersection of the longitudinal part and the transverse part; the walking assembly is used for moving along the rail groove, and the walking assembly moves from the longitudinal part / transverse part on one side of the middle rail to penetrate through the middle rail to the longitudinal part / transverse part on the other side of the middle rail; the collecting assembly is arranged on the walking assembly and used for collecting the length of the bird nest and the length of the bird droppings. According to the information acquisition device and the bird hypochondriac risk assessment device, the problem that the monitoring visual angle of partial areas of the tower is limited is solved, and an acquisition assembly has more opportunities to capture a target in a close range without shielding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of risk assessment technology for power transmission and transformation projects, and in particular to an information acquisition device and a bird threat risk assessment device. Background Technology

[0002] As a core infrastructure ensuring human energy supply, the power grid, while supporting social development, also poses multiple threats to the survival of surrounding birds. High-voltage lines and towers in transmission and transformation areas are the primary sources of threat, with high-voltage towers being particularly prominent. Because the tower structure provides space for roosting and nesting, it easily attracts birds to perch and build nests. Bird droppings not only easily adhere to the surfaces of power line equipment but can also cause short circuits due to their conductivity, leading to accidents such as electrocution of birds, nest fires, and other safety incidents, severely disrupting the regional ecological balance and the safe operation of the power grid. Therefore, scientifically assessing the threats to birds in transmission and transformation areas is a crucial prerequisite for accurately carrying out bird control work while balancing power grid safety and ecological protection.

[0003] Currently, the common method for assessing bird threat risk in the industry is to: quantify and classify various indicators such as bird's real-time coordinates, wingspan, flight trajectory, bird species, nest length, and droppings length based on historical records of birds being electrocuted and nests being burned, then build a machine learning model to predict the probability of birds being threatened, and finally classify the risk level using the natural breakpoint method.

[0004] During the collection of various bird indicators, radar and cameras can obtain most indicators such as real-time bird coordinates, wingspan, and flight trajectory. However, due to the complex structure of high-voltage towers and the limited monitoring angle in some areas, radar and cameras cannot capture the length of bird nests and bird droppings on high-voltage towers at close range and without obstruction. This often results in missing data or data deviations for these two important indicators, which affects the accuracy of model predictions and leads to distorted risk assessment results. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an information collection device and a bird threat risk assessment device to solve the problem that it is difficult to effectively obtain the length of bird nests and bird droppings in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides an information acquisition device, comprising: The track is used for installation on a tower. The track includes a base having a longitudinal portion and a transverse portion. Both the longitudinal portion and the transverse portion are provided with rail grooves. An intermediate rail is provided at the intersection of the longitudinal portion and the transverse portion. A traveling assembly for moving along the rail groove, the traveling assembly moving from the longitudinal portion / the transverse portion on one side of the intermediate rail through the intermediate rail to the longitudinal portion / the transverse portion on the other side of the intermediate rail; A collection component is mounted on the walking component and is used to collect the length of bird nests and the length of bird droppings.

[0007] In some embodiments of this application, the walking assembly includes a sliding seat, a walking drive, a switching driver, and four walking units; Each of the aforementioned walking units includes a first shaft, which is movably mounted on the sliding seat. A roller is fixed on the first shaft, and the roller is rolled within the track groove. The walking drive component is mounted on one of the first shafts, and the walking drive component is used to drive the first shaft to rotate so as to drive the roller to roll in the rail groove, so as to move the sliding seat along the rail groove. The switching driver is mounted on the sliding seat. When the traveling drive drives the sliding seat to move to the intermediate rail, the switching driver drives each of the first shafts to rotate around the sliding seat, so that each of the rollers moves from the rail groove in the longitudinal part to the rail groove in the transverse part, or from the rail groove in the transverse part to the rail groove in the longitudinal part.

[0008] In some embodiments of this application, the track groove includes two grooves symmetrically distributed on both sides of its own length direction, and the four rollers are arranged in pairs, with the two rollers arranged in pairs respectively installed in the two grooves. The switching driver includes a switching driving component and a transmission structure connected to the swing arms. Four swing arms are provided, and the four swing arms are respectively connected to the four first shafts. The transmission structure is simultaneously connected to the four swing arms in a transmission connection. When the walking drive unit drives the sliding seat to move to the intermediate rail, the switching drive unit drives the four swing arms to swing simultaneously, so that one of the paired rollers moves from the groove in the longitudinal part to the groove in the transverse part, or from the groove in the transverse part to the groove in the longitudinal part.

[0009] In some embodiments of this application, one end of each swing arm is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat, and the other end of each swing arm is rotatably mounted on the first shaft; The transmission structure includes four driven gears, which are respectively installed on one end of the four swing arms near the sliding seat, and the four driven gears mesh with each other in pairs. The switching drive is used to drive one of the driven gears to rotate.

[0010] In some embodiments of this application, a limiting part is provided on the side of the rail groove away from the base. The limiting part is provided along the length direction of the rail groove. A first passage is provided between the limiting part and the intermediate rail at the intersection. The first passage is used to allow the first shaft to pass through. The rail grooves are provided with a second passage at the intersection, which is used to allow the rollers to pass through.

[0011] In some embodiments of this application, each of the walking units includes a guide link, one end of which is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat, and the other end of which is connected to the first shaft. When the four rollers are located in the rail groove of the longitudinal portion, the guide rod passes through the first passage in a vertical state; when the four rollers are located in the rail groove of the transverse portion, the guide rod passes through the first passage in a horizontal state.

[0012] In some embodiments of this application, each of the walking units includes a second shaft, one end of which is mounted on the sliding seat, and the other end of which is rotatably connected to the guide link.

[0013] In some embodiments of this application, a flap is provided at the second passageway, the side of the flap is rotatably connected to the rail groove, an elastic element is provided on the rail groove, one end of the elastic element is connected to the rail groove, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the flap. The elastic element is used to apply an elastic force to the flap, so that the flap has a rotational tendency to close the second passageway.

[0014] In some embodiments of this application, the edges of each roller are chamfered, and the surfaces of each roller are textured.

[0015] The present invention also provides a bird threat risk assessment device, including a radar, a fixed acquisition device, a terminal, and an information acquisition device in the above embodiments, wherein the radar, the fixed acquisition device, and the acquisition component are all electrically connected to the terminal; The radar is used to collect real-time coordinates of birds, their wingspan, and flight trajectory, and transmit them to the terminal. The fixed collection device is used to collect bird species and transmit the data to the terminal; The acquisition component collects the length of the bird's nest and the length of the bird droppings and then transmits them to the terminal. The terminal is used to assess the threat risk to birds based on their real-time coordinates, wingspan, flight path, species, nest length, and droppings length.

[0016] Compared with existing technologies, the information acquisition device and bird threat risk assessment device of this invention have the following advantages: By setting a track on the high-voltage tower and installing a mobile identification component on the track, the mobile identification component can move its position on the structurally complex high-voltage tower to find a suitable viewing angle and obtain relevant indicators on the high-voltage tower. In addition, the mobile identification component can climb laterally or longitudinally along the track groove and can switch between the transverse and longitudinal track grooves along the middle track, providing a more flexible viewing angle to obtain relevant indicators. This solves the problem of limited monitoring viewing angle in some areas of the tower, allowing the acquisition component to have more opportunities to capture targets at close range and without obstruction, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the acquired data. This allows the terminal to train and predict indicators, avoiding the impact of missing or biased data on the accuracy of model predictions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the bird threat risk assessment device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the information acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a front view of the motion recognition component of the information collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a rear view of the motion recognition component of the information collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a top view of the motion recognition component of the information collection device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 yes Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure after the middle roller changes position.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first and second access ports of the information collection device in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] In the diagram, 1. Radar; 2. Fixed acquisition device; 3. Track; 31. Base; 32. Intermediate rail; 33. Rail groove; 34. Limiting part; 35. Flip plate; 36. First passageway; 37. Second passageway; 4. Motion identification component; 41. Sliding seat; 42. Acquisition component; 43. Swing arm; 44. Passive gear; 45. Roller; 46. Guide link; 47. First shaft; 48. Second shaft; 49. Switching drive component; 410. Walking drive component. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0027] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used in this invention to describe various information, but this information should not be limited to these terms; these terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this invention, "first" information can also be referred to as "second" information, and similarly, "second" information can also be referred to as "first" information.

[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, an information acquisition device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a track 3 and a motion recognition component 4.

[0029] The track 3 is used for installation on the high-voltage tower. The track 3 includes a base 31 with a longitudinal part and a transverse part. The longitudinal part and the transverse part are provided with rail grooves 33. An intermediate rail 32 is provided at the intersection of the longitudinal part and the transverse part.

[0030] The motion identification component 4 includes a walking component and a data acquisition component 42. The walking component moves along the rail groove 33, passing through the longitudinal / lateral section of the intermediate rail 32 to the longitudinal / lateral section on the other side. The data acquisition component 42 is mounted on the walking component and is used to collect bird behavior indicators, including nest length and bird droppings length. Nest length and bird droppings length are important contributing factors to bird-related electric shock fires. Bird nesting behavior can cause short circuits and fires, and the longer the nest, the higher the risk. When birds stop to defecate on high-voltage towers, bird droppings may fall between insulators or conductors, causing short circuits.

[0031] Specifically, the acquisition component 42 includes a camera and a laser rangefinder. The camera is used to acquire image information of bird nests and bird droppings for preliminary identification and positioning; the laser rangefinder is used to accurately measure the length of bird nests and bird droppings.

[0032] The information acquisition device of this invention sets a track 3 on a high-voltage tower and a mobile identification component 4 on the track 3. This allows the mobile identification component 4 to move its position on the structurally complex high-voltage tower, facilitating the acquisition of relevant indicators from different viewpoints. Furthermore, the mobile identification component 4 can climb laterally or longitudinally along the track groove 33 and can switch between the transverse and longitudinal track grooves along the intermediate track 32, providing a more flexible viewpoint for acquiring relevant indicators. This solves the problem of limited monitoring viewpoints in certain areas of the tower, giving the acquisition component 42 more opportunities to capture targets at close range without obstruction. This ensures the integrity and accuracy of the acquired data, enabling the terminal to train and predict indicators, and avoiding the impact of missing or biased data on the accuracy of model predictions.

[0033] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the walking assembly includes a sliding base 41, a walking drive 410, a switching driver, and four walking units.

[0034] Each traveling unit includes a first shaft 47, which is movably mounted on a sliding seat 41. A roller 45 is fixed on the first shaft 47, and the roller 45 is rolled in the track groove 33.

[0035] The walking drive component 410 is a drive motor. The walking drive component 410 is mounted on one of the first shafts 47. The walking drive component 410 is used to drive the first shaft 47 to rotate so that the roller 45 rolls in the rail groove 33, so that the sliding seat 41 moves along the rail groove 33.

[0036] The switching driver is mounted on the sliding seat 41. When the traveling drive 410 drives the sliding seat 41 to move to the intermediate rail 32, the switching driver drives each first shaft 47 to rotate around the sliding seat 41, so that each roller 45 moves from the longitudinal section rail groove 33 to the transverse section rail groove 33, or from the transverse section rail groove 33 to the longitudinal section rail groove 33.

[0037] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 3 to 7 As shown, the track groove 33 includes two grooves symmetrically distributed on both sides of its own length direction, and four rollers 45 are arranged in pairs, with the two pairs of rollers 45 respectively installed in the two grooves.

[0038] The switching drive includes a switching drive element 49 and a transmission structure connected to the swing arms 43. There are four swing arms 43, and the four swing arms 43 are respectively connected to four first shafts 47. The transmission structure is simultaneously connected to the four swing arms 43.

[0039] When the traveling drive 410 drives the sliding seat 41 to move to the intermediate rail 32, the switching drive 49 drives the four swing arms 43 to swing simultaneously, so that one of the paired rollers 45 moves from the longitudinal groove to the transverse groove, or from the transverse groove to the longitudinal groove.

[0040] It should be noted that, in the horizontal direction, the four rollers 45 are divided into two pairs of rollers 45, one on the left and one on the right. The two pairs of rollers 45 are divided into rollers 45 located above the horizontal section and rollers 45 located below the horizontal section. The rollers 45 located above the horizontal section apply downward pressure to the groove above the horizontal section, and the rollers 45 located below the horizontal section apply upward pressure to the groove below the horizontal section, thereby clamping the rail groove 33 of the horizontal section. Both pairs of rollers 45 clamp the rail groove 33 of the horizontal section and move laterally.

[0041] By switching the drive unit 49, the four swing arms 43 are driven to swing simultaneously, so that one of the paired rollers 45 moves from the transverse section rail groove 33 to the longitudinal section rail groove 33. In the longitudinal direction, the four rollers 45 are divided into upper and lower pairs of rollers 45. The two paired rollers 45 are divided into a roller 45 located on the left side of the longitudinal section and a roller 45 located on the right side of the longitudinal section. The roller 45 located on the left side of the longitudinal section applies a rightward pressure to the groove on the left side of the longitudinal section, and the roller 45 located on the right side of the longitudinal section applies a leftward pressure to the groove on the right side of the longitudinal section, thereby clamping the longitudinal section rail groove 33. Both the upper and lower pairs of rollers 45 clamp the longitudinal section rail groove 33 and move longitudinally.

[0042] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 3 As shown, a rotating connecting seat is provided on the sliding seat 41. The rotating connecting seat can rotate on the sliding seat 41 about an axis extending along the thickness direction of the rail groove 33. The acquisition component 42 is rotatably mounted on the rotating connecting seat about a laterally extending axis. The rotation direction of the rotating connecting seat relative to the sliding seat 41 and the rotation direction of the acquisition component 42 relative to the rotating connecting seat can be adjusted according to the field of view requirements to meet the shooting angle requirements.

[0043] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 3 to 7 As shown, one end of each swing arm 43 is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat 41, and the other end of each swing arm 43 is rotatably mounted on the first shaft 47.

[0044] The transmission structure includes four driven gears 44, which are respectively installed on one end of the four swing arms 43 near the sliding seat 41, and the four driven gears 44 mesh with each other in pairs. The switching drive unit 49 is used to drive one of the driven gears 44 to rotate.

[0045] Specifically, the switching drive 49 includes a switching motor and a drive gear. The switching motor is fixed on the sliding seat 41, and the drive gear is mounted on the output shaft of the switching motor and meshes with one of the driven gears 44.

[0046] Thus, by switching the drive element 49 to drive one of the driven gears 44 to rotate, the other three driven gears 44 are driven to rotate, thereby realizing the swinging motion of the four swing arms 43 opening and closing with each other. In other embodiments, a separate drive element 49 can be provided for each driven gear 44 to achieve the same effect.

[0047] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 8 As shown, a limiting part 34 is provided on the side of the rail groove 33 away from the base 31, and the limiting part 34 is provided along the length direction of the rail groove 33. The limiting part 34 is used to prevent the roller 45 from detaching from the rail groove 33 and falling off. A first passage 36 is provided between the limiting part 34 and the intermediate rail 32, and the first passage 36 is used to allow the first shaft 47 to pass through.

[0048] The track 33 is provided with a second passage 37 at the intersection, which is used to allow the roller 45 to pass.

[0049] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figures 3 to 7 As shown, each walking unit includes a guide link 46, one end of which is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat 41, and the other end of which is connected to the first shaft 47.

[0050] When the four rollers 45 are located in the longitudinal groove 33, the guide rod 46 passes through the first passage 36 in a vertical state to prevent the first shaft 47 from falling into the laterally extending first passage 36.

[0051] When the four rollers 45 are located in the transverse groove 33, the guide rod 46 passes through the first passage 36 in a horizontal state to prevent the first shaft 47 from falling into the longitudinally extending first passage 36.

[0052] Preferably, the width of the guide rod 46 is adapted to the width of the first passage 36, so that the guide rod 46 fits against the edge of the limiting part 34 and the intermediate rail 32 as it passes through the first passage 36, further ensuring the anti-falling effect of the first shaft 47.

[0053] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 5As shown, each traveling unit includes a second shaft 48. One end of the second shaft 48 is mounted on the sliding seat 41, and the other end of the second shaft 48 is rotatably connected to the guide link 46. The arrangement of the second shaft 48 allows the guide link 46 to rotate around the second shaft 48, while the other end moves with the first shaft 47.

[0054] It should be noted that, since the rotation radius of the guide link 46 is different from that of the swing arm 43, the guide link 46 is composed of... Figure 5 Position rotated to Figure 7 During the positioning process, appropriate space is required between the guide link 46 and the first shaft 47. Therefore, the connection between the guide link 46 and the first shaft 47 is not a completely restricted rotational connection. Those skilled in the art can leave appropriate space based on mechanical design principles, which will not be elaborated here.

[0055] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 8 As shown, a flap 35 is provided at the second passage 37. The side of the flap 35 is rotatably connected to the rail groove 33. An elastic element, which is a torsion spring, is provided on the rail groove 33. One end of the elastic element is connected to the rail groove 33, and the other end of the elastic element is connected to the flap 35. The elastic element is used to apply an elastic force to the flap 35, so that the flap 35 has a rotational tendency to close the second passage 37.

[0056] Since the intersection needs to ensure both the passage and climbing of the roller 45, the flap 35 is designed as a movable component. When passage is required, the flap 35 can be pushed and flipped by the roller 45 to open the second passage 37, allowing the roller 45 to pass; when climbing is required, the flap 35 can be driven by an elastic component to close the second passage 37, thus acting as a track 33 for the roller 45 to climb.

[0057] In some embodiments of this application, such as Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the edges of each roller 45 are chamfered. When the motion identification component 4 moves to the edge of the high-voltage tower, it may need to turn horizontally. The lateral part of the track 3 can be set with a larger arc when turning, and the edges of the rollers 45 can be chamfered, so that the motion identification component 4 can turn horizontally with the lateral part of the track 3 to meet the need for a wider field of view.

[0058] Each roller 45 has a textured surface to increase the friction between the roller 45 and the bottom of the groove 33.

[0059] The working process of this invention is as follows: Figure 3 and Figure 5As shown, at this time, the roller 45 is clamped on the transverse section rail groove 33. During travel, the sliding seat 41 is driven by the travel drive member 410 to move along the transverse section rail groove 33. When it is necessary to switch from transverse movement to longitudinal movement, the travel drive member 410 drives the sliding seat 41 to move to the intermediate rail 32 (which can be manually controlled remotely and the position can be calibrated by setting a calibration unit), so that one pair of rollers 45 pushes open the flap 35 and passes through the second passage 37, while the other pair of rollers 45 remains on the other side of the flap 35. At this time, the switching drive member 49 drives the swing arm 43 to swing. Under the restriction of the limiting part 34, the rollers 45 enter the longitudinal limiting part 34 without leaving the transverse limiting part 34. At the same time, the guide rod 46 rotates from a horizontal state to a vertical state around the second shaft 48. Figure 7 As shown, the roller 45 is clamped on the longitudinal groove 33 and moves longitudinally under the drive of the travel drive 410. The same applies when it is necessary to switch from longitudinal movement to lateral movement, which will not be described in detail here.

[0060] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the present invention also provides a bird threat risk assessment device, including a radar 1, a fixed acquisition device 2, a terminal and an information acquisition device, wherein the radar 1, the fixed acquisition device 2 and the acquisition component 42 are all electrically connected to the terminal.

[0061] Radar 1 is used to collect bird flight indicators and transmit them to the terminal. Bird flight indicators include the bird's real-time coordinates, wingspan, and flight trajectory. When birds with large wingspans land on high-voltage towers, they are likely to touch the high-voltage lines, causing short circuits. The flight trajectory is used to determine whether the bird is approaching the high-voltage tower.

[0062] The fixed acquisition device 2 is an intelligent camera. The fixed acquisition device 2 is used to collect bird species indicators and transmit them to the terminal.

[0063] The data acquisition component 42 collects bird behavior indicators and transmits them to the terminal.

[0064] The terminal is used to assess the threat risk to birds based on bird behavior indicators, bird flight indicators, and bird species indicators.

[0065] Specifically, the real-time coordinates of the birds are obtained through radar 1, and a fixed acquisition device 2 is remotely focused on these coordinates to capture high-resolution images. Then, the bird species identification results are matched against the database.

[0066] Based on the risk assessment system in the prior art, the above parameters are classified. This embodiment proposes an assessment system, and its risk classification is shown in the table below: It should be noted that bird species represent behavioral habits, and risk assessment is related to the species itself. Their habits of lingering or pecking at insulators can easily lead to risks.

[0067] In summary, this invention provides an information acquisition device and a bird threat risk assessment device. By setting a track 3 on a high-voltage tower and a mobile identification component 4 on the track 3, the mobile identification component 4 can move its position on the structurally complex high-voltage tower to find a suitable viewing angle and obtain relevant indicators. Furthermore, the mobile identification component 4 can climb laterally or longitudinally along the track groove 33, and can switch between the transverse and longitudinal track grooves along the intermediate track 32, providing a more flexible viewing angle for obtaining relevant indicators. This solves the problem of limited monitoring viewing angles in certain areas of the tower, allowing the acquisition component 42 more opportunities to capture targets at close range without obstruction, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the acquired data. This enables the terminal to train and predict indicators, avoiding the impact of missing or biased data on the accuracy of model predictions.

[0068] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An information collecting apparatus characterized by comprising: The utility model relates to a bird nest length and bird dropping length measuring device for tower, which comprises a track (3) for mounting on a tower, the track (3) comprising a base (31) with a longitudinal part and a transverse part, both of which are provided with a track groove (33), and an intermediate track (32) is arranged at the intersection of the longitudinal part and the transverse part; a walking assembly for moving along the track groove (33), which is moved by the longitudinal part / transverse part on one side of the intermediate track (32) through the intermediate track (32) to the longitudinal part / transverse part on the other side of the intermediate track (32); a collecting assembly (42) arranged on the walking assembly, which is used for collecting the length of bird nests and bird droppings. The walking assembly comprises a sliding seat (41), a walking driving part (410), a switching driver and four walking units. Each walking unit comprises a first shaft (47) movably mounted on the sliding seat (41), a roller (45) fixed on the first shaft (47), and the roller (45) is matched and rollingly installed in the track groove (33). The walking driving part (410) is arranged on one of the first shafts (47), and the walking driving part (410) is used to drive the first shaft (47) to rotate to drive the roller (45) to roll in the track groove (33), so that the sliding seat (41) moves along the track groove (33).

2. The information gathering device of claim 1, wherein, The switching driver is arranged on the sliding seat (41), and when the walking driving part (410) drives the sliding seat (41) to move to the intermediate track (32), the switching driver drives each first shaft (47) to rotate around the sliding seat (41), so that each roller (45) moves from the track groove (33) of the longitudinal part to the track groove (33) of the transverse part, or moves from the track groove (33) of the transverse part to the track groove (33) of the longitudinal part. The track groove (33) comprises two groove bodies symmetrically distributed on both sides of the length direction of the track groove (33), and the four rollers (45) are arranged in pairs, and the two rollers (45) arranged in pairs are respectively installed in the two groove bodies. The switching driver comprises a switching driving part (49) and a transmission structure connected with a swing arm (43), the swing arm (43) is provided with four swing arms (43), and the four swing arms (43) are respectively connected with the four first shafts (47), and the transmission structure is simultaneously connected with the four swing arms (43). When the walking driving part (410) drives the sliding seat (41) to move to the intermediate track (32), the switching driving part (49) drives the four swing arms (43) to swing simultaneously, so that one of the rollers (45) arranged in pairs moves from the groove body of the longitudinal part to the groove body of the transverse part, or moves from the groove body of the transverse part to the groove body of the longitudinal part.

3. The information gathering device of claim 2, wherein, ​ ​ ​ 4. The information gathering device of claim 3, wherein, One end of each of the swing arms (43) is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat (41), and the other end of each of the swing arms (43) is rotatably mounted on the first shaft (47); The transmission structure comprises four passive gears (44), the four passive gears (44) are respectively mounted on one end of the four swing arms (43) close to the sliding seat (41), and the four passive gears (44) are meshed with each other in pairs, and the switching driving member (49) is used for driving one of the passive gears (44) to rotate.

5. The information gathering device of claim 3, wherein, The rail groove (33) is provided with a limiting portion (34) away from the base (31), the limiting portion (34) is provided along the length direction of the rail groove (33), and the limiting portion (34) is provided with a first passage (36) between the intersection and the intermediate rail (32), the first passage (36) is used for allowing the first shaft (47) to pass through; The rail groove (33) is provided with a second passage (37) at the intersection, and the second passage (37) is used for allowing the roller (45) to pass through.

6. The information gathering device of claim 5, wherein, Each of the walking units comprises a guide connecting rod (46), one end of the guide connecting rod (46) is rotatably mounted on the sliding seat (41), and the other end of the guide connecting rod (46) is connected to the first shaft (47); When the four rollers (45) are located in the rail groove (33) of the longitudinal portion, the guide connecting rod (46) passes through the first passage (36) in a vertical state, and when the four rollers (45) are located in the rail groove (33) of the transverse portion, the guide connecting rod (46) passes through the first passage (36) in a horizontal state.

7. The information gathering device of claim 6, wherein, Each of the walking units comprises a second shaft (48), one end of the second shaft (48) is mounted on the sliding seat (41), and the other end of the second shaft (48) is rotatably connected to the guide connecting rod (46).

8. The information gathering device of claim 5, wherein, The second passage (37) is provided with a flap (35), the side edge of the flap (35) is rotatably connected to the rail groove (33), the rail groove (33) is provided with an elastic member, one end of the elastic member is connected to the rail groove (33), and the other end of the elastic member is connected to the flap (35), the elastic member is used for applying an elastic force to the flap (35), so that the flap (35) has a rotating trend of closing the second passage (37).

9. The information gathering device of claim 2, wherein, The edge of each of the rollers (45) has a chamfer, and the surface of each of the rollers (45) has a texture.

10. A device for assessing the risk of a bird being threatened, characterized in that The radar (1), the fixed acquisition device (2), a terminal, and the information acquisition device of any one of claims 1-9 are electrically connected to each other; The radar (1) is used for acquiring real-time coordinates of birds, wingspans of birds, and flight trajectories of birds, and transmitting the real-time coordinates, the wingspans, and the flight trajectories to the terminal; The fixed acquisition device (2) is used for acquiring bird species and transmitting the bird species to the terminal; The acquisition assembly (42) acquires bird nest lengths and bird dropping lengths, and transmits the bird nest lengths and the bird dropping lengths to the terminal; The terminal is used for evaluating the bird endangerment risk according to the real-time coordinates of the bird, the wingspan of the bird, the flight trajectory, the bird species, the nest length and the length of the bird droppings. The terminal is used for evaluating the bird endangerment risk according to the real-time coordinates of the bird, the wingspan of the bird, the flight trajectory, the bird species, the nest length and the length of the bird droppings.

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