Tubular-configuration-operation parameter optimization method and device for heat exchanger

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of heat exchangers, in particular to a tubular-configuration-operation parameter optimization method and device.The method comprises the steps that a pump work goodness factor field angle quantitative formula of a target heat exchanger is constructed, and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number of a heat exchange surface and / or a fluid domain part is determined; establishing a physical model of the target heat exchanger to perform CFD numerical simulation so as to construct a local comprehensive evaluation criterion cloud chart for changing the local tubular shape and / or configuration and / or operation parameters of the target heat exchanger, and obtaining optimized tube type-configuration-operation parameters of the target heat exchanger until the changed local comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the target heat exchanger reaches a first target value and the numerical value of the pump power goodness factor reaches a second target value. According to the method, the quantitative relation between the field parameters of the target heat exchanger and the comprehensive performance evaluation criterion number can be established, the enhanced heat transfer process is analyzed, evaluated and diagnosed, and a direction is indicated for optimization of tubular-configuration-operation parameters of the heat exchanger.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of heat exchanger technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for optimizing the tube shape, configuration and operating parameters of a heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, energy transfer in industrial processes relies primarily on convective heat transfer, accounting for over 75%. However, more than 50% of industrial energy consumption is converted into waste heat in the form of exhaust gas or wastewater, with only 30% being reused. Therefore, strengthening end-use energy conservation and waste heat recovery is a crucial technological challenge for improving end-use energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions.

[0003] In related technologies, the global average dimensionless criterion number can be established through numerical simulation or experiment to characterize the heat transfer performance and flow resistance characteristics of the convective heat transfer process, and then the comprehensive performance of heat exchanger in terms of heat transfer and flow resistance can be evaluated based on the dimensionless criterion number.

[0004] In a single-phase convective heat transfer flow field, besides velocity and temperature gradients, the magnitude and direction of temperature, pressure, velocity gradients, and pressure gradients collectively determine the intensity of heat transfer and the power consumption of the flow process. Some studies have proposed a multi-field synergistic principle of flow field particle physical quantities and found that in the design of heat exchanger heat transfer surface enhancement and fluid disturbance methods, the effect of adjusting the synergistic angle between velocity and pressure gradients on fluid drag reduction is similar to the effect of improving the synergistic angle between velocity and temperature gradients on heat transfer enhancement. Based on this, some studies further propose that when aiming to improve the overall performance of heat transfer and flow resistance, the synergy between temperature and velocity gradients should be considered; the larger the synergistic angle, the higher the overall performance coefficient.

[0005] However, in related technologies, research on (multi)-field synergistic enhanced convective heat transfer has only initially proposed a qualitative relationship between the synergistic angle between field parameters and heat transfer and flow resistance performance, but has failed to establish a real and effective quantitative relationship between field parameters and heat transfer-flow resistance performance. This directly limits the application of (multi)-field synergistic enhanced convective heat transfer in the comprehensive performance optimization of heat transfer surfaces, and urgently needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application provides a method and apparatus for optimizing the tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters of a heat exchanger, in order to solve the problems in related technologies, such as the failure to establish a real and effective quantitative relationship between field parameters and heat transfer-flow resistance performance, which limits the application of (multi)field synergistic enhancement of convective heat transfer in the comprehensive performance optimization of heat exchange surfaces.

[0007] The first aspect of this application provides a method for optimizing the tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters of a heat exchanger, comprising the following steps: based on the integral formula of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger, constructing a dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger, coupling the pump power efficiency factor equation of the lumped parameter angle heat exchanger corresponding to the target heat exchanger, constructing a quantitative formula of the pump power efficiency factor field angle of the target heat exchanger, and determining the comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the heat exchange surface and / or fluid domain of the target heat exchanger according to the quantitative formula of the pump power efficiency factor field angle; A physical model of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger is established based on the tube type parameters and configuration parameters. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation is performed on the physical model based on the target turbulence model, the target heat transfer model and the operating parameters of the target heat exchanger to obtain the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger. Based on the comprehensive evaluation criterion number and the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger, a local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger is constructed. Based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map, the local tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger are changed until the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the changed target heat exchanger reaches the first target value and the value of the pump power efficiency factor of the corresponding lumped parameter angle heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger reaches the second target value, so as to obtain the optimized tube shape-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0008] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number is:

[0009] in, The Reynolds number is... For Prandtl numbers, It is a velocity vector. As the mainstream speed, For temperature gradient, The specific surface area of ​​the heat exchanger region. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger. It is a volume control body. It is the total effective heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger. It is the overall heat transfer coefficient. It is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer diameter of the pipe. This is the average Nusselt number.

[0010] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle is:

[0011] in, The comprehensive evaluation criterion number is used to characterize the overall performance of each point in the fluid domain. It is kinematic viscosity. It is the outer diameter of the pipe. It is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure. It's pump power. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger. It is heat transfer. It is the pump performance factor. It is a volume control body. It is the total effective heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger.

[0012] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, before constructing the dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger based on the integral of the convective heat transfer of the periodic units of the target heat exchanger, the method further includes: obtaining the average thickness of the boundary layer of the target heat exchanger through the equivalent heat exchange process between the target heat exchanger and the plate, and obtaining the specific surface area of ​​the target heat exchanger according to the reciprocal of the average thickness; combining the specific surface area and the logarithmic mean temperature difference of the target heat exchanger in the equivalent heat exchange process to obtain a dimensionless temperature gradient, and using the dimensionless temperature gradient as a scale of the temperature gradient to construct the dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger.

[0013] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, changing the local tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map includes: calculating the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number at multiple local locations in the fluid domain of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number; optimizing the local locations among the multiple locations where the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number has a negative effect and / or meets the target range, so as to complete the change of the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0014] A second aspect of this application provides a tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization device for a heat exchanger, comprising: a first construction module, used to construct a dimensionless integral formula for the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger based on the integral formula of the convective heat transfer of the periodic units of the target heat exchanger, to couple the pump work efficiency factor equation of the lumped parameter angle heat exchanger corresponding to the target heat exchanger, to construct a quantitative formula for the pump work efficiency factor field angle of the target heat exchanger, and to determine the comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the heat transfer surface and / or fluid domain of the target heat exchanger based on the quantitative formula for the pump work efficiency factor field angle; and a simulation module, used to establish a physical model of the periodic units of the target heat exchanger based on the tube shape parameters and configuration parameters, to optimize the target turbulence model and target heat transfer parameters. The model and the operating parameters of the target heat exchanger are used to perform computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation on the physical model to obtain the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger. Based on the comprehensive evaluation criterion number and the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger, a local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger is constructed. An optimization module is used to change the local tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map, until the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the target heat exchanger reaches a first target value and the pump power efficiency factor of the corresponding lumped parameter angle heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger reaches a second target value, thereby obtaining the optimized tube shape-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0015] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number is:

[0016] in, The Reynolds number is... For Prandtl numbers, It is a velocity vector. As the mainstream speed, For temperature gradient, The specific surface area of ​​the heat exchanger region. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger. It is a volume control body. It is the total effective heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger. It is the overall heat transfer coefficient. It is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer diameter of the pipe. This is the average Nusselt number.

[0017] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle is:

[0018] in, The comprehensive evaluation criterion number is used to characterize the overall performance of each point in the fluid domain. It is kinematic viscosity. It is the outer diameter of the pipe. It is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure. It's pump power. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger. It is heat transfer. It is the pump performance factor. It is a volume control body. It is the total effective heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger.

[0019] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, it further includes: an acquisition module, configured to acquire the average boundary layer thickness of the target heat exchanger through an equivalent heat exchange process between the target heat exchanger and a plate before constructing a dimensionless integral expression for the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger based on the integral expression of the convective heat transfer of the periodic units of the target heat exchanger, so as to acquire the specific surface area of ​​the target heat exchanger according to the reciprocal of the average thickness; and a second construction module, configured to combine the specific surface area and the logarithmic mean temperature difference of the target heat exchanger during the equivalent heat exchange process to obtain a dimensionless temperature gradient, and to construct a dimensionless integral expression for the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger using the dimensionless temperature gradient as a scale of the temperature gradient.

[0020] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the optimization module includes: a second calculation unit, used to calculate the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number of multiple local locations in the fluid domain of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number; and an optimization unit, used to optimize the local locations among the multiple local locations where the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number has a negative effect and / or meets the target range, so as to complete the change of the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0021] A third aspect of this application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method for heat exchangers as described in the above embodiments.

[0022] A fourth aspect of this application provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for optimizing the tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters of a heat exchanger.

[0023] A fifth aspect of this application provides a computer program product, including a computer program that, when executed, is used to implement the above-described heat exchanger tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method.

[0024] This application embodiment can construct a quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle and a comprehensive evaluation criterion number for the target heat exchanger based on the integral formula of the heat exchange flow rate and the dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number. This allows for the analysis and optimization of the target heat exchanger's operating performance indicators by combining the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number. This facilitates further improvement of the optimized target heat exchanger based on the operating performance indicators to meet requirements. Thus, it achieves the comprehensive performance evaluation of the target heat exchanger through the comprehensive evaluation criterion number. By establishing a quantitative relationship between the target heat exchanger's field parameters and the comprehensive performance evaluation criterion number through the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle, it is possible to analyze, evaluate, and diagnose the enhanced heat transfer process. Furthermore, it constructs a comprehensive evaluation criterion number to evaluate the operating performance indicators of the current tube shape, configuration, and operating parameter combination of the heat exchanger, providing direction for the optimization of the heat exchanger's tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the target heat exchanger's tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters until a better heat exchange target is achieved. This solves the problem in related technologies that the failure to establish a true and effective quantitative relationship between field parameters and heat transfer-flow resistance performance has limited the application of (multi)field synergistic enhancement of convective heat transfer in the comprehensive performance optimization of heat transfer surfaces.

[0025] Additional aspects and advantages of this application will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of this application. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of this application will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a heat exchanger tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a gas-water heat exchanger system according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a simulation calculation unit for a gas-water heat exchanger according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the equivalent flat plate upper boundary layer flow heat transfer process according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization device for heat exchangers provided according to an embodiment of this application; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided according to an embodiment of this application.

[0027] Figure label: 10-Heat exchanger tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization device: 100-Building module, 200-Optimization module and 300-Evaluation module; 601-Memory, 602-Processor and 603-Communication interface. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of this application are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this application, and should not be construed as limiting this application.

[0029] The following describes a method and apparatus for optimizing the tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters of a heat exchanger according to embodiments of this application, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Addressing the problem mentioned in the background art that the failure to establish a truly effective quantitative relationship between field parameters and heat transfer-flow resistance performance limits the application of (multi-)field synergistic enhancement of convective heat transfer in the comprehensive performance optimization of heat exchanger surfaces, this application provides a method for optimizing the tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters of a heat exchanger. In this method, embodiments of this application can construct a quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle and a comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the target heat exchanger based on the integral formula of the heat exchange flow rate and the dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number. This allows for the analysis of the optimized target heat exchanger's operating performance indicators by combining the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number, facilitating further improvement of the optimized target heat exchanger to meet requirements based on the operating performance indicators. This approach enables the comprehensive evaluation of the target heat exchanger's overall performance using a comprehensive evaluation criterion. By establishing a quantitative relationship between the target heat exchanger's field parameters and the comprehensive performance evaluation criterion through a pump work efficiency factor, it allows for the analysis, evaluation, and diagnosis of enhanced heat transfer processes. Furthermore, it constructs a comprehensive evaluation criterion to assess the operational performance indicators of the heat exchanger's current tube shape, configuration, and operating parameter combinations, providing direction for optimizing these parameters. This allows for dynamic adjustments to the target heat exchanger's tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters until a better heat transfer target is achieved. This addresses the problem in related technologies where the lack of a truly effective quantitative relationship between field parameters and heat transfer-flow resistance performance limited the application of (multi-)field synergistic enhanced convective heat transfer in the comprehensive performance optimization of heat exchange surfaces.

[0030] Specifically, Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating a method for optimizing the tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters of a heat exchanger, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method for this heat exchanger includes the following steps: In step S101, based on the integral formula of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger, a dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger is constructed. Coupled with the pump power quality factor equation of the lumped parameter angle heat exchanger corresponding to the target heat exchanger, a quantitative formula of the pump power quality factor field angle of the target heat exchanger is constructed. Based on the quantitative formula of the pump power quality factor field angle, the comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the heat exchange surface and / or fluid domain of the target heat exchanger is determined.

[0032] Those skilled in the art will understand that the global average dimensionless criterion number (such as...) Nusselt number (a dimensionless number describing the intensity of convective heat transfer). The heat transfer factor (related to the Nusselt number, reflecting heat transfer capacity) and The friction factor (which reflects flow resistance) can be used to characterize the heat transfer performance and flow resistance characteristics of convective heat transfer processes, respectively.

[0033] Furthermore, based on dimensionless criterion numbers (such as...) Factors such as PEC (Performance Evaluation Criterion) can be used to evaluate the overall performance of a heat exchanger in terms of heat transfer and flow resistance.

[0034] Based on this, based on dimensionless factors (e.g.) number, , A standard for evaluating the air-side thermal-hydraulic performance of finned tube heat exchangers—the pump performance factor and its equation—has been developed. Its constraint condition is that the pipe outer diameter is the same (even if the pipe outer diameter is different, the pump performance factor and its equation can be applied to different outer diameter conditions through simple processing), and it is not limited by key parameters such as heat exchange area, flow rate and pressure drop.

[0035] To better understand the quantitative relationship between field parameters and heat transfer-flow resistance performance, embodiments of this application can use the pump performance factor as an intermediary to analyze heat transfer-flow resistance performance from the perspective of the field.

[0036] In some embodiments, when constructing the pump performance factor field angle quantitative formula of the target heat exchanger, this application may, but is not limited to, use the dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger constructed from the integral formula of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger, coupled with the pump performance factor equation of the lumped parameter angle heat exchanger.

[0037] In this context, the target heat exchanger refers to a flue gas heat exchanger capable of waste heat recovery and comprehensive performance evaluation. A periodic element can be understood as a heat exchanger unit within the target heat exchanger possessing a complete periodic geometry. The Nusselt number is a dimensionless number established through numerical simulation or experimentation to describe the intensity of convective heat transfer in the heat exchanger. A lumped-parameter angular heat exchanger refers to a simplified model that ignores the spatial distribution differences of parameters such as temperature and pressure within the target heat exchanger, treating it as a uniformly parameterized "black box" for analysis.

[0038] The pump performance factor can be understood here as an index for evaluating the pump performance efficiency of a heat exchanger; the field-angle quantitative formula of the pump performance factor can be understood here as a mathematical expression that uses the pump performance factor as an intermediary, can analyze the heat transfer-resistance performance from the field perspective, and can clearly describe the quantitative relationship between the field parameters of the heat exchanger (including but not limited to multiple physical field parameters such as velocity field, temperature field, and concentration field) and the heat transfer-flow resistance performance.

[0039] The following section further explains the process of using the integral formula for the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger, the dimensionless integral formula for the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger, the pump work efficiency factor equation for the coupled lumped parameter angle heat exchanger, and the quantitative formula for the pump work efficiency factor field angle of the target heat exchanger.

[0040] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, before constructing the dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger based on the integral of the convective heat transfer of the periodic units of the target heat exchanger, the method further includes: obtaining the average thickness of the boundary layer of the target heat exchanger through the equivalent heat transfer process between the target heat exchanger and the plate, and obtaining the specific surface area of ​​the target heat exchanger based on the reciprocal of the average thickness; combining the specific surface area and the logarithmic mean temperature difference of the target heat exchanger during the equivalent heat transfer process to obtain the dimensionless temperature gradient, and using the dimensionless temperature gradient as a scale for the temperature gradient, thereby constructing the dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger. The dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number can be, but is not limited to, expressed as:

[0041] in, The Reynolds number is... For Prandtl numbers, It is a velocity vector. As the mainstream speed, For temperature gradient, The specific surface area of ​​the heat exchanger region. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger. It is a volume control body. It is the total effective heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger. It is the overall heat transfer coefficient. It is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer diameter of the pipe. This is the average Nusselt number.

[0042] The quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle can be, but is not limited to, expressed as:

[0043] in, The comprehensive evaluation criterion number is used to characterize the overall performance of each point in the fluid domain. It is kinematic viscosity. It is the outer diameter of the pipe. It is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure. It's pump power. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger. It is heat transfer. It is the pump performance factor. It is a volume control body. It is the total effective heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger.

[0044] As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the integral formula for the convective heat transfer of a periodic unit in constructing the target heat exchanger refers to the spatial integration of the local convective heat transfer within a periodic unit in a heat exchanger unit with a periodic geometry (such as corrugated channels, spiral baffles, etc.), simplifying the calculation using periodic boundary conditions, and ultimately obtaining the total heat transfer of the entire unit. This can also be understood as the purpose of the integral formula for the convective heat transfer of a periodic unit in constructing the target heat exchanger.

[0045] In practical implementation, this application first provides two types of convective heat transfer physical models based on the actual engineering calculation requirements and simulation calculation requirements of the flue gas waste heat recovery scenario, to meet the calculation needs under different scenarios. Furthermore, this application can analyze the heat transfer process of the heat exchanger based on these two types of convective heat transfer physical models, thereby constructing an integral expression for the convective heat transfer of the periodic units of the target heat exchanger.

[0046] For example, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a gas-water heat exchanger system according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a simulation calculation unit for a gas-water heat exchanger according to one embodiment of this application. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown: Considering that the fluid in a heat exchanger is generally in a low-speed flow state, i.e., the flow velocity is much lower than the speed of sound, and the pressure change is minimal, the fluid density in water pipes and air heat exchangers remains almost constant under these conditions, and the fluid compression effect can be ignored. Therefore, this application can address the case where the fluid medium of the target heat exchanger is an incompressible fluid. Based on the convective heat transfer process of incompressible fluids, a steady-state convective heat transfer energy equation for the target heat exchanger can be constructed. This steady-state convective heat transfer energy equation can be, but is not limited to, expressed as follows: (1) in, It's density. It is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure. It is a velocity vector. It's temperature. For temperature gradient, It is the thermal conductivity.

[0047] Furthermore, in this embodiment, based on the steady-state convective heat transfer energy equation and the volume corresponding to the actual computational domain of the target heat exchanger, volume integration of both sides of equation (1) yields: (2) in, It controls the volume of the body.

[0048] Next, in the embodiments of this application, the Gaussian divergence theorem can be applied to the right-hand side of formula (2) to obtain: (3) in, It is the surface area vector of the control volume (the control volume can be understood here as a fixed spatial region in the heat exchanger selected in this application embodiment for analyzing energy conservation), with the outer surface normal as positive. It is a volume control body. It is the thermal conductivity heat flux density vector.

[0049] Furthermore, when considering turbulent thermal diffusivity (a physical quantity used to describe the ability of a fluid to diffuse heat during turbulent motion), the form of equation (3) does not change; combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3In the physical model, considering that the inlet and outlet temperature gradients are zero, the heat flow can be ignored; when the other four surfaces except for the inlet and outlet temperature gradients adopt symmetrical or adiabatic boundaries, the sum of the heat flow of the four surfaces is also zero (that is, the periodic unit in the embodiment of this application can be understood as a heat exchanger unit with a complete periodic geometric structure in the target heat exchanger. Apart from the boundary of the periodic unit, the other boundaries of the target heat exchanger can be periodic, symmetrical, adiabatic boundaries or inlet and outlet boundaries with a temperature gradient close to 0); at this time, combined with equation (3), the integral expression of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger can be obtained, which can be, but is not limited to, expressed as: (4) in, Let S denote the surface integral of a closed surface, and let S denote the closed surface.

[0050] Furthermore, the integral expression of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger represents the relationship between the field parameters (such as velocity field and temperature field) and the heat transfer in the heat exchanger. In order to clarify the quantitative relationship between the field parameters and the heat transfer-flow resistance performance, the embodiments of this application can further construct a dimensionless integral expression of the average Nusselt number based on the integral expression of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger. That is, the integral expression of the convective heat transfer is made dimensionless in order to eliminate the influence of factors such as fluid medium and tube type of the target heat exchanger, quantify the heat transfer performance, facilitate coupling optimization with flow resistance, and intuitively compare the comprehensive heat transfer-resistance performance of target heat exchangers with different structures.

[0051] Specifically, in this application embodiment, the heat transfer of the target heat exchanger can first be calculated based on the heat transfer area and logarithmic mean temperature difference of the target heat exchanger. The formula can be, but is not limited to, expressed as follows: (5) in, It is the overall heat transfer coefficient. It is the total heat exchange area. It is the logarithmic mean temperature difference.

[0052] Based on the principle that heat transfer is equivalent to convective heat transfer, embodiments of this application can be derived by combining the integral formulas of heat transfer and convective heat transfer, i.e., through... Q Combining formulas (4) and (5), we obtain the following expression: (6) Furthermore, in order to construct a dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number, embodiments of this application may, but are not limited to, […]. Figure 2 or Figure 3 The convective heat transfer process shown is equivalent to as follows: Figure 4 The heat transfer process in the upper boundary layer of the plate is shown.

[0053] Then, in this embodiment of the application, the average thickness of the boundary layer of the target heat exchanger can be obtained through the equivalent heat exchange process between the target heat exchanger and the plate. The specific surface area of ​​the target heat exchanger can be obtained based on the reciprocal of the average thickness. Then, by combining the specific surface area and the logarithmic mean temperature difference of the target heat exchanger in the equivalent heat exchange process, a dimensionless temperature gradient can be obtained. The dimensionless temperature gradient can be used as a scale for the temperature gradient to construct a dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger.

[0054] That is, the specific surface area of ​​the target heat exchanger These are structural parameters of the heat exchanger, easy to determine, and can be combined with the logarithmic mean temperature difference. Obtaining a dimensionless temperature gradient The embodiments of this application can be implemented as follows: As a benchmark for temperature gradient, a dimensionless integral expression for the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger is then constructed.

[0055] Specifically, the equivalent heat transfer process between the target heat exchanger and the plate can be understood here as maintaining the heat transfer area of ​​both the convective heat transfer process and its equivalent plate upper boundary layer flow heat transfer process. heat exchange zone volume Logarithmic mean temperature difference When the fluid thickness on the plate is equal to the thickness of the plate, the fluid thickness is... Exactly equal to: .

[0056] According to porous media theory, the specific surface area (the total surface area contained in a unit volume of porous media (including the surface area inside all pores)) is equal to: That is, the average thickness of the boundary layer. The reciprocal of the specific surface area of ​​the target heat exchanger region (which can be considered as a porous medium) .

[0057] Based on this, embodiments of this application may, but are not limited to, incorporate specific surface area. The following transformation of equation (6) yields the following formula: (7) Combined with the logarithmic mean temperature difference Obtaining a dimensionless temperature gradient Simplifying formula (7) yields the dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number, which can be expressed, but is not limited to, as follows: (8) in, The Reynolds number is... ; For Prandtl numbers, ; It is a velocity vector. As the mainstream speed, For temperature gradient, The specific surface area of ​​the heat exchanger region. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger. It is a volume control body. It is the total effective heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger. It is the overall heat transfer coefficient. It is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer diameter of the pipe. The average Nusselt number; .

[0058] Furthermore, considering that the convective heat transfer coefficient is the final result of heat transfer at the fluid-solid interface, and the flow resistance (pressure drop) is the final result of momentum transfer at the fluid-solid interface, both originating from the interaction of various field parameters throughout the heat transfer domain, this application embodiment can construct a comprehensive performance analysis factor for the heat transfer-resistance process of the air-side heat transfer of the target heat exchanger, i.e., a pump work efficiency factor, to obtain the pump work efficiency factor equation for the lumped parameter angle heat exchanger corresponding to the target heat exchanger. Figure 2 For example, the pump work efficiency factor equation for the lumped parameter angle heat exchanger corresponding to the target heat exchanger can be, but is not limited to, expressed as: (9) in, It is kinematic viscosity. It is the outer diameter of the pipe; (10) (11) in, j For heat transfer factor, It is the friction factor.

[0059] Therefore, formula (9) can be used to analyze the comprehensive heat transfer-resistance performance of target heat exchangers under the conditions of the same heat exchange target and pipe diameter, different heat exchange tube bundle types and heat exchange areas, different flow rates or different Reynolds numbers.

[0060] To better connect the relationship between various field parameters and overall performance in the target heat exchanger, the embodiments of this application can further modify formula (9) to obtain the following formula: (12) Multiply both sides of formula (8) by We can obtain: (13) Further rewriting formula (13) yields: (14) Right now, (15) By combining formulas (9) and (15), the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle of the target heat exchanger can be obtained, which can be expressed as follows, but is not limited to: (16) in, (17) in, In the embodiments of this application, the magnitude of the comprehensive performance of each point in the fluid domain of the heat exchanger is used to characterize the overall performance. Indicates the convection amplification factor. For cooperative angles, The Reynolds number is... Indicates the coefficient of frictional resistance. The unit direction vector representing velocity. The unit direction vector representing the temperature gradient.

[0061] as well as, (18) in, For temperature gradient, The specific surface area of ​​the heat exchanger region. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger; (19) in, The pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger. It's density. This represents the absolute value of the fluid particle velocity. For maximum speed, For the minimum cross-sectional area, This represents the total heat exchange area.

[0062] It should be noted that the embodiments of this application only take the gas-water heat exchanger system as an example. In actual application scenarios, this application is also applicable to other gas-liquid heat exchange scenarios.

[0063] In the embodiments of this application, it can be Defined as a comprehensive evaluation criterion number for the local heat exchange surface or fluid domain of a target heat exchanger, the integral of which is the pump performance factor. This comprehensive evaluation criterion number can be used to analyze, evaluate, and diagnose the heat transfer process of the heat exchange surface or fluid domain of a heat exchanger, and to provide direction for the optimization of the heat exchanger's tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters.

[0064] The embodiments of this application may, but are not limited to, use the pump performance factor as an intermediate connecting field parameter and a comprehensive evaluation criterion number to obtain a quantitative relationship between the field parameters of the target heat exchanger and the heat transfer-flow resistance performance.

[0065] Step S102: Establish a physical model of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger based on the tube type parameters and configuration parameters. Perform computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation on the physical model based on the target turbulence model, the target heat transfer model and the operating parameters of the target heat exchanger to obtain the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger. Construct a local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger based on the comprehensive evaluation criterion number and the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger.

[0066] Understandably, the comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map here refers to a visual chart used to intuitively show the numerical distribution of the comprehensive evaluation criterion number under different parameter combinations of the heat exchanger; the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map here refers to a visual chart used to intuitively show the numerical distribution of the comprehensive evaluation criterion number in a certain part of the heat exchanger under different parameter combinations.

[0067] In some embodiments, this application may determine the comprehensive evaluation criteria number for evaluating the heat exchange surface or fluid domain of the target heat exchanger based on the pump performance factor field angle quantitative formula, i.e., formula (17).

[0068] Then, this application can establish a physical model of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger based on the tube type parameters (tube diameter, fin height, fin spacing and other heat exchange tube related parameters) and configuration parameters (lateral spacing, longitudinal spacing and in-line or staggered arrangement, etc.). Based on the target turbulence model, the target heat transfer model and the operating parameters of the target heat exchanger, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation is performed on the physical model to obtain the velocity and temperature field of the target heat exchanger. Based on the comprehensive evaluation criterion number and the velocity and temperature field of the target heat exchanger, a local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger is constructed.

[0069] In this context, the target turbulence model refers to an experimentally validated mathematical model that effectively describes the turbulent motion of fluids, used in CFD simulations of the physical model of the periodic elements of the target heat exchanger. This model is used to calculate the flow field of the target heat exchanger under turbulent conditions. Commonly used models include the k-ε model and the SST k-ω model.

[0070] The target heat transfer model here refers to an experimentally validated model that effectively describes the heat transfer (conduction, convection, radiation) laws when performing CFD simulations on the physical model of the periodic elements of the target heat exchanger, and is used to calculate the temperature field of the target heat exchanger. Examples include convective heat transfer models between the fluid and the pipe wall, and thermal conductivity models of solid pipe walls.

[0071] In other words, the embodiments of this application can calculate the comprehensive evaluation criterion number for each parameter combination consisting of configuration parameters, operating parameters, tube type and geometric parameters of the heat exchange tube bundle. By combining the comprehensive evaluation criterion number of all parameter combinations of configuration parameters, operating parameters, tube type and geometric parameters of the target heat exchanger, a comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map can be obtained.

[0072] In the actual optimization process, the embodiments of this application may, but are not limited to, using methods such as... Figure 2 The physical model of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger, which is shown as a periodic or symmetrical structure, is subjected to CFD simulation of the flow heat transfer tube bundle. Based on the obtained parameters such as temperature field, velocity field, inlet and outlet temperature, and pressure, the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger is obtained by combining the comprehensive evaluation criterion number.

[0073] For example, this application can first determine the geometry of the target heat exchanger based on the tube parameters (such as the diameter of the heat exchange tube and the fin structure), and then combine the model parameters of the target heat exchanger (such as the mesh density and the rules for setting boundary conditions) to build a physical model of the periodic elements of the target heat exchanger. For example, in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the repeating element of a single heat exchange tube plus the surrounding fluid region is taken as the main body of the model, instead of directly building the model of the entire heat exchanger, thereby simplifying subsequent calculations.

[0074] Then, in this embodiment of the application, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation can be performed on the physical model based on the target turbulence model, the target heat transfer model, and the operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0075] For example, in this embodiment, a target turbulence model, such as the k-ε model describing the turbulent flow of fluid inside a pipe, and a target heat transfer model, such as a convective heat transfer model for calculating heat transfer between the pipe wall and the fluid, can be selected first. Then, the operating parameters of the target heat exchanger can be input, such as the inlet temperature of the tube-side fluid and the inlet velocity of the shell-side fluid. The physical model can be numerically calculated using CFD software to finally obtain the velocity and temperature field of the target heat exchanger, which is the fluid flow velocity and temperature data at each location in the model.

[0076] Finally, in this embodiment of the application, the comprehensive evaluation criteria number of the heat exchange surface and / or fluid domain of the constructed target heat exchanger is combined with the velocity and temperature field data obtained from the simulation. A local comprehensive evaluation criteria number cloud map of the target heat exchanger is generated by the post-processing tool. The performance of different regions of the physical model of the target heat exchanger can be seen intuitively from the cloud map. For example, the red area represents a high criterion number, indicating that the heat transfer in that area is good and the resistance is small.

[0077] Step S103: Based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map, change the local tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger until the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the target heat exchanger reaches the first target value and the value of the pump power efficiency factor of the corresponding lumped parameter angle heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger reaches the second target value, so as to obtain the optimized tube shape-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0078] In other embodiments, after obtaining the quantitative formula of the pump power efficiency factor field angle and the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger, this application can change (which can also be understood as improve or optimize, since the final effect is to improve / optimize the performance of the target heat exchanger) the local tube type-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger through the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger, until the changed local comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the target heat exchanger reaches the first target value and the value of the pump power efficiency factor of the corresponding lumped parameter angle heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger reaches the second target value, thereby obtaining the optimized tube type-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0079] Here, the first target value can be understood as the ideal value of a preset local comprehensive evaluation criterion; the second target value can be understood as the ideal value of a preset pump performance factor. Both are judgment criteria in the optimization process, and the value of the pump performance factor is the final judgment criterion. The specific first and second target values ​​can be determined by those skilled in the art based on the actual situation. The embodiments in this application are only illustrative and do not impose specific limitations.

[0080] Specifically, during the optimization process of the target heat exchanger, parameters such as tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters will change the heat transfer performance of the target heat exchanger (using...). Characterization) and flow resistance (using (Characteristics) In this application embodiment, the local tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger can be changed based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger, and the effect of these parameter changes can be evaluated by the comprehensive evaluation criterion number. When quantifying this effect, the pump power efficiency factor can be used for measurement, but is not limited to.

[0081] Until the comprehensive evaluation criteria number reaches the first target value in a certain change of the tube type-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger, and the value of the pump power efficiency factor of the corresponding lumped parameter angle heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger also reaches the second target value, the tube type-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger obtained from this change can be used as the optimized tube type-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0082] Based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger, the performance of different regions of the physical model of the target heat exchanger can be seen. For poor regions, the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters can be continuously changed until a parameter change causes the comprehensive evaluation criterion number of that region of the target heat exchanger to reach the first target value. At the same time, if the comprehensive evaluation criterion number of that region of the target heat exchanger reaches the first target value, the pump power efficiency factor of the corresponding lumped parameter angle heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger can reach the second target value. In this case, the change can be stopped, and the local tube shape-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger obtained from this change can be used as the optimized tube shape-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0083] For example, tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters all affect the performance of a heat exchanger: different tube shapes directly affect the heat transfer efficiency when the fluid flows through (for example, corrugated tubes can turbulent the fluid, making heat transfer better) and the resistance (for example, irregularly shaped tubes may make the fluid flow more labored, requiring more power); the configuration of the tube bundle, such as whether the tubes are arranged neatly or staggered, and whether the spacing is large or small, will affect the flow state of the fluid between the tube bundles, thus affecting heat transfer and resistance; and operating parameters such as fluid velocity and inlet temperature, a higher flow velocity may result in better heat transfer, but the pump will have to do more work, and too high a temperature may affect the life of the materials, etc.

[0084] At this point, changing parameters such as tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters can improve the performance of the heat exchanger. However, these goals are often contradictory. For example, a design with better heat transfer may consume more electricity, while a comprehensive evaluation criterion number can determine the heat transfer capacity (such as the Nusselt number). ), resistance magnitude (e.g., friction factor) f Factors such as size and cost are also taken into account to give a comprehensive score for each design.

[0085] Meanwhile, considering that the power consumption of the pump during heat exchanger operation is also an important factor, the embodiments of this application also need to consider pump power on the basis of comprehensive evaluation criteria. For example, changing the tube shape may improve heat transfer efficiency by 20% ( While increasing heat transfer efficiency (by 20%) will increase resistance, it will also lead to a 30% increase in pump power consumption, resulting in increased power waste. In this case, the pump power efficiency factor will deduct points from the solution, indicating that the change is not worthwhile. Conversely, if heat transfer is improved by 20% and pump power consumption only increases by 5%, the pump power efficiency factor will add points to the solution, indicating that this pipe type is more worthwhile to choose.

[0086] In summary, the embodiments of this application can select the optimal combination of pipe shape, configuration, and operating parameters that achieves the best operating effect through a comprehensive evaluation of the number of criteria and pump performance factor.

[0087] Additionally, embodiments of this application may employ intelligent optimization strategies to optimize the local tube type, configuration, and operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0088] For example, embodiments of this application may employ, but are not limited to, intelligent optimization algorithms to accelerate the search. The core idea behind accelerated search in embodiments of this application is to replace traditional trial-and-error methods with machine learning-driven optimization algorithms. For instance, embodiments of this application may use a Bayesian optimization framework as the basic framework for accelerated search, intelligently selecting the most promising parameter combinations for testing by establishing a probabilistic model of parameter space and performance. Simultaneously, embodiments of this application may conduct reinforcement learning exploration based on accelerated search, for example, treating parameter adjustment as a sequential decision problem and learning the optimal adjustment strategy under different operating conditions. Furthermore, embodiments of this application may also enhance the genetic algorithm for accelerated search, for example, using neural networks to predict individual fitness and accelerate the evolutionary process.

[0089] Alternatively, embodiments of this application can employ deep learning-assisted flow field analysis for intelligent optimization. The core idea of ​​this optimization strategy is to automatically analyze the criterion number cloud map using computer vision technology; extract cloud map features by automatically identifying the distribution pattern and high / low value regions of local criterion numbers through CNN; simultaneously, use a trained model to identify inefficient flow field structures, such as dead zones and recirculation zones, and detect abnormal features in the cloud map; finally, based on the cloud map analysis results, intelligently recommend parameter adjustment directions, i.e., suggested optimization directions.

[0090] Furthermore, embodiments of this application can also employ transfer learning and knowledge reuse to accelerate the solution of new problems by leveraging historical optimization experience; and perform cross-operating condition knowledge transfer to transfer optimization experience of existing heat exchanger types to new types; then, based on a large amount of simulation data, pre-train the basic model and fine-tune it for specific problems; and can also establish a database of successful optimization cases to quickly obtain initial solutions using similarity retrieval.

[0091] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, changing the local tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map includes: calculating the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number of multiple local locations in the fluid domain of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number; optimizing the local locations among the multiple local locations where the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number has a negative effect and / or meets the target range, so as to complete the change of the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0092] In some embodiments, after constructing a local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger for different parameter combinations, the embodiments of this application can calculate the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number of multiple local locations (including good-performing and poor-performing regions in the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map) of the fluid domain of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number. This allows for the optimization of the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of each local location of the target heat exchanger based on the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number of each location. In other words, it optimizes the parameter combinations of local locations with poor comprehensive evaluation criterion numbers of the target heat exchanger, optimizing one of the tube shape, configuration, or operating parameters in the parameter combination, or optimizing any two of the three, or optimizing all three.

[0093] In actual calculations, the comprehensive evaluation criteria number of multiple local locations of the target heat exchanger can be calculated by substituting the parameters of different local locations of the target heat exchanger into formulas (17), (18), and (19).

[0094] Then, embodiments of this application may, but are not limited to, optimize the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number in the target heat exchanger to have a negative effect (negative value) or meet the local position within the target range, thereby completing the change of the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0095] Here, the target range can be understood as the range of comprehensive evaluation criteria. If the comprehensive evaluation criteria of the target heat exchanger fall within this range, optimization is required. For example, the target range could be the reciprocal of the 20% of the comprehensive evaluation criteria for all parameter combinations. The specific target range can be explained by those skilled in the art based on actual circumstances. This embodiment is merely illustrative and does not impose any specific limitations.

[0096] The tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method for heat exchangers proposed in this application can construct a quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle and a comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the target heat exchanger based on the integral formula of the heat exchange flow rate and the dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number. This allows for the analysis of the optimized target heat exchanger's operating performance indicators by combining the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number. This facilitates further improvement of the optimized target heat exchanger based on the operating performance indicators to meet requirements. Thus, it achieves the comprehensive performance evaluation of the target heat exchanger through the comprehensive evaluation criterion number. By establishing a quantitative relationship between the target heat exchanger's field parameters and the comprehensive performance evaluation criterion number through the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle, it is possible to analyze, evaluate, and diagnose the enhanced heat transfer process. Furthermore, it constructs a comprehensive evaluation criterion number to evaluate the operating performance indicators of the current tube shape-configuration-operating parameter combination of the heat exchanger, providing direction for the optimization of the heat exchanger's tube shape-configuration-operating parameters. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the target heat exchanger's tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters until a better heat exchange target is achieved. This solves the problem in related technologies that the failure to establish a true and effective quantitative relationship between field parameters and heat transfer-flow resistance performance has limited the application of (multi)field synergistic enhancement of convective heat transfer in the comprehensive performance optimization of heat transfer surfaces.

[0097] Next, referring to the accompanying drawings, a device for optimizing the tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of this application is described.

[0098] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchanger tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization device according to an embodiment of this application.

[0099] like Figure 5 As shown, the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization device 10 for the heat exchanger includes: a first construction module 100, a simulation module 200, and an optimization module 300.

[0100] The first construction module 100 is used to construct a dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger based on the integral formula of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger, to couple the pump power quality factor equation of the lumped parameter angle heat exchanger corresponding to the target heat exchanger, to construct the pump power quality factor field angle quantitative formula of the target heat exchanger, and to determine the comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the heat exchange surface and / or fluid domain of the target heat exchanger according to the pump power quality factor field angle quantitative formula. The simulation module 200 is used to establish a physical model of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger based on the tube type parameters and configuration parameters. Based on the target turbulence model, the target heat transfer model and the operating parameters of the target heat exchanger, the physical model is subjected to computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation to obtain the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger. Based on the comprehensive evaluation criterion number and the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger, a local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map of the target heat exchanger is constructed. The optimization module 300 is used to change the local tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud map, until the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the target heat exchanger after the change reaches the first target value and the value of the pump power efficiency factor of the corresponding lumped parameter angle heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger reaches the second target value, so as to obtain the optimized tube shape-configuration-operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0101] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number can be, but is not limited to, expressed as:

[0102] in, The Reynolds number is... For Prandtl numbers, It is a velocity vector. As the mainstream speed, For temperature gradient, The specific surface area of ​​the heat exchanger region. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger. It is a volume control body. It is the total effective heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger. It is the overall heat transfer coefficient. It is the convective heat transfer coefficient of the outer diameter of the pipe. This is the average Nusselt number.

[0103] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the quantitative formula for the pump work efficiency factor field angle can be, but is not limited to, expressed as:

[0104] in, The comprehensive evaluation criterion number is used to characterize the overall performance of each point in the fluid domain. It is kinematic viscosity. It is the outer diameter of the pipe. It is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure. It's pump power. The logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger. It is heat transfer. It is the pump performance factor. It is a volume control body. It is the total effective heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger.

[0105] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, it further includes: The acquisition module is used to obtain the average thickness of the boundary layer of the target heat exchanger through the equivalent heat exchange process between the target heat exchanger and the plate before constructing the dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger based on the integral of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger. The specific surface area of ​​the target heat exchanger is obtained according to the reciprocal of the average thickness. The second construction module is used to combine the specific surface area and the logarithmic mean temperature difference of the target heat exchanger in the equivalent heat exchange process to obtain the dimensionless temperature gradient. Using the dimensionless temperature gradient as the scale of the temperature gradient, a dimensionless integral of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger is constructed.

[0106] Optionally, in one embodiment of this application, the optimization module includes: The second calculation unit is used to calculate the actual comprehensive evaluation criteria number at multiple local locations in the fluid domain of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criteria number cloud map and the comprehensive evaluation criteria number; The optimization unit is used to optimize the local locations where the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion number is negative and / or meets the target range, so as to complete the change of the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameters of the target heat exchanger.

[0107] It should be noted that the explanation of the aforementioned embodiment of the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method for heat exchangers also applies to the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization device of the heat exchanger in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0108] The tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization device for heat exchangers proposed in this application can construct a quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle and a comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the target heat exchanger based on the integral formula of the heat exchange flow rate and the dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number. This allows for the analysis of the optimized target heat exchanger's operating performance indicators by combining the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number. This facilitates further improvement of the optimized target heat exchanger based on the operating performance indicators to meet requirements. Thus, it achieves the comprehensive performance evaluation of the target heat exchanger through the comprehensive evaluation criterion number. By establishing a quantitative relationship between the target heat exchanger's field parameters and the comprehensive performance evaluation criterion number through the quantitative formula for the pump performance factor field angle, it is possible to analyze, evaluate, and diagnose the enhanced heat transfer process. Furthermore, it constructs a comprehensive evaluation criterion number to evaluate the operating performance indicators of the current tube shape-configuration-operating parameter combination of the heat exchanger, providing direction for the optimization of the heat exchanger's tube shape-configuration-operating parameters. This allows for dynamic adjustment of the target heat exchanger's tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters until a better heat exchange target is achieved. This solves the problem in related technologies that the failure to establish a true and effective quantitative relationship between field parameters and heat transfer-flow resistance performance has limited the application of (multi)field synergistic enhancement of convective heat transfer in the comprehensive performance optimization of heat transfer surfaces.

[0109] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of this application. The electronic device may include: The memory 601, the processor 602, and the computer program stored on the memory 601 and capable of running on the processor 602.

[0110] When the processor 602 executes the program, it implements the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method for the heat exchanger provided in the above embodiments.

[0111] Furthermore, electronic devices also include: Communication interface 603 is used for communication between memory 601 and processor 602.

[0112] The memory 601 is used to store computer programs that can run on the processor 602.

[0113] The memory 601 may include high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device.

[0114] If the memory 601, processor 602, and communication interface 603 are implemented independently, then the communication interface 603, memory 601, and processor 602 can be interconnected via a bus to complete communication between them. The bus can be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, Figure 6 The bus is represented by a single thick line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.

[0115] Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 601, processor 602, and communication interface 603 are integrated on a single chip, then the memory 601, processor 602, and communication interface 603 can communicate with each other through an internal interface.

[0116] The processor 602 may be a central processing unit (CPU), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of this application.

[0117] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described method for optimizing the tube shape, configuration, and operating parameters of a heat exchanger.

[0118] This application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program that can run computer instructions. When the computer instructions are executed by a processor, they implement the heat exchanger tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method provided in this application.

[0119] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0120] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "N" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0121] Any process or method described in the flowchart or otherwise herein can be understood as representing a module, segment, or portion of code comprising one or N executable instructions for implementing custom logic functions or processes, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of this application includes additional implementations in which functions may be performed not in the order shown or discussed, including substantially simultaneously or in reverse order depending on the functions involved, as should be understood by those skilled in the art to which embodiments of this application pertain.

[0122] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-included system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: an electrical connection having one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk drive (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Alternatively, the computer-readable medium may be paper or other suitable media on which the program can be printed, since the program can be obtained electronically by optically scanning the paper or other medium, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

[0123] It should be understood that the various parts of this application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or more of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0124] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps of the methods in the above embodiments can be implemented by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

[0125] Furthermore, the functional units in the various embodiments of this application can be integrated into a processing module, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated into a module. The integrated module can be implemented in hardware or as a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented as a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0126] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a disk, or an optical disk, etc. Although embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for simultaneous optimization of tube shape, configuration and operating parameters of a heat exchanger, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Based on the integral formula of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger, a dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger is constructed to couple the pump work optimization factor equation of the corresponding lumped parameter angular heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger, a pump work optimization factor field angular quantitative formula of the target heat exchanger is constructed, and a comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the heat exchange surface and / or fluid domain of the target heat exchanger is determined according to the pump work optimization factor field angular quantitative formula; A physical model of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger is established according to the tube type parameter and the configuration parameter, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation is performed on the physical model based on a target turbulence model, a target heat transfer model and the operating parameters of the target heat exchanger to obtain the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger, and a local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud chart of the target heat exchanger is constructed based on the comprehensive evaluation criterion number and the velocity and temperature fields of the target heat exchanger; Based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud chart, the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameter of the local part of the target heat exchanger are changed until the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the changed target heat exchanger reaches a first target value and the numerical value of the pump work optimization factor of the corresponding lumped parameter angular heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger reaches a second target value, and the tube type-configuration-operating parameter of the optimized target heat exchanger is obtained.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number is: wherein Re is the Reynolds number, Pr is the Prandtl number, is the velocity vector, is the main flow velocity, is the temperature gradient, is the heat exchanger area specific surface, is the heat exchanger log mean temperature difference, is the control volume, is the total heat exchange volume effective for the heat exchanger, is the total heat transfer coefficient, is the tube outside diameter convective heat transfer coefficient, is the average Nusselt number.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein, The pump work optimization factor field angular quantitative formula is: wherein, is the comprehensive evaluation criterion number, which is used to represent the magnitude of the comprehensive performance of each point in the fluid domain, is the kinematic viscosity, is the outside diameter of the pipe, is the specific heat at constant pressure, is the pump work, is the logarithmic mean temperature difference of the heat exchanger, is the heat transfer amount, is the pump work goodness factor, is the control volume, is the total heat exchange volume of the heat exchanger.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, Before the dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger is constructed based on the integral formula of the convective heat transfer of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger, the method further comprises the following steps: The average thickness of the boundary layer of the target heat exchanger is obtained through an equivalent heat exchange process of the target heat exchanger and a flat plate, and the specific surface area of the target heat exchanger is obtained according to the reciprocal of the average thickness; The dimensionless temperature gradient is obtained by combining the specific surface area and the logarithmic mean temperature difference of the target heat exchanger in the equivalent heat exchange process, and the dimensionless temperature gradient is used as a scale of the temperature gradient to construct the dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The method of changing the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameter of the local part of the target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud chart comprises the following steps: Based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud chart and the comprehensive evaluation criterion number, the actual comprehensive evaluation criterion numbers of multiple local positions of the fluid domain of the target heat exchanger are calculated; The local positions with negative actual comprehensive evaluation criterion numbers and / or meeting the target range are optimized to complete the change of the tube shape and / or configuration and / or operating parameter of the target heat exchanger.

6. A device for optimizing the tube-configuration-operating parameters of a heat exchanger, characterized by the fact that it comprises: The method comprises the following steps: The construction module is configured to construct a dimensionless integral formula of an average Nusselt number of the target heat exchanger based on an integral formula of a convective heat transfer amount of a periodic unit of the target heat exchanger, to couple a pump work optimization factor equation of a corresponding lumped parameter angular heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger, to construct a pump work optimization factor field angular quantitative formula of the target heat exchanger, and to determine a comprehensive evaluation criterion number of a local heat exchange surface and / or fluid domain of the target heat exchanger according to the pump work optimization factor field angular quantitative formula. The simulation module is configured to establish a physical model of the periodic unit of the target heat exchanger according to tube type parameters and configuration parameters, to perform a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) numerical simulation on the physical model based on a target turbulence model, a target heat transfer model and operating parameters of the target heat exchanger, to obtain a velocity and temperature field of the target heat exchanger, and to construct a local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud chart of the target heat exchanger based on the comprehensive evaluation criterion number and the velocity and temperature field of the target heat exchanger. The optimization module is configured to change tube shapes and / or configurations and / or operating parameters of the local target heat exchanger based on the local comprehensive evaluation criterion number cloud chart until a local comprehensive evaluation criterion number of the changed target heat exchanger reaches a first target value and a numerical value of a pump work optimization factor of the corresponding lumped parameter angular heat exchanger of the target heat exchanger reaches a second target value, and to obtain tube type-configuration-operating parameter optimization of the target heat exchanger.

7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein, The dimensionless integral formula of the average Nusselt number is: wherein Re is the Reynolds number, Pr is the Prandtl number, is the velocity vector, is the main flow velocity, is the temperature gradient, is the heat exchanger area specific surface, is the heat exchanger log mean temperature difference, is the control volume, is the total heat exchange volume effective for the heat exchanger, is the total heat transfer coefficient, is the outside tube diameter convective heat transfer coefficient, is the average Nusselt number.

8. An electronic device, comprising: The method comprises: The memory, the processor and the computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to implement the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method of the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-5.

9. A computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program, characterized in that, The program is executed by the processor to implement the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method of the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-5.

10. A computer program product comprising a computer program, characterized in that, The computer program is executed to implement the tube shape-configuration-operating parameter optimization method of the heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-5.

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