Power battery digital management method based on block chain

Abstract

The invention discloses a block chain-based power battery digital management method. The method comprises the steps of obtaining a digital battery passport certificate through carbon footprint integration calculation based on initialization information of a battery and supply chain data, and storing the digital battery passport certificate to a block chain; based on a timed monitoring task constructed for each battery, through a BMS and an encryption channel, obtaining operation parameters, and updating the operation parameters to a battery passport on the block chain in real time; and obtaining a new digital battery passport certificate by triggering a recovery and reutilization process based on the retirement detection result of the battery, and storing the new digital battery passport certificate to the block chain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention pertains to blockchain technology, specifically relating to a blockchain-based digital management method for power batteries. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of blockchain technology and the deep integration of power battery lifecycle management, the digital power battery passport system has become a key direction for solving the problems of insufficient efficiency, security and transparency of traditional battery management and supply chain systems and promoting the digital transformation of the industry. However, existing technologies still have significant shortcomings: On the one hand, they fail to achieve complete coverage of the entire lifecycle of power batteries, including production, circulation, use, and recycling. In particular, they lack a real-time collection and synchronous update mechanism for dynamic data such as voltage, temperature and number of charge-discharge cycles generated during battery use, as well as data such as residual value assessment and dismantling records in the recycling process. This results in the battery passport failing to accurately reflect the current real state of the battery, thus affecting the accuracy of battery cascade utilization and recycling. On the other hand, existing blockchain-related systems do not pay enough attention to node identity authentication mechanisms and have not established a secure authentication system based on national cryptographic algorithms. This makes it difficult to resist the risks of illegal node intrusion and data tampering, and cannot meet the stringent requirements for data security and compliance in key areas such as new energy vehicles. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a digital power battery passport system that can achieve closed-loop management of data throughout the entire lifecycle and national cryptographic-level security protection. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned issues, this invention proposes a blockchain-based digital management method for power batteries. It utilizes national cryptographic algorithms (SM2 / SM3) to achieve blockchain node identity authentication and data encryption, significantly enhancing system security and effectively preventing unauthorized access and data tampering risks. Based on the BMS encrypted channel, it collects operating parameters in real time and updates them to the blockchain, dynamically maintaining battery passport information and ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of data throughout the entire lifecycle. By integrating carbon footprint calculations to generate a digital battery passport, it constructs an immutable on-chain evidence storage system, strengthening supply chain traceability and the credibility of environmental benefit assessments. A hierarchical data model and a cold / hot storage separation strategy are adopted to optimize the data storage structure, balancing high-frequency access needs with the efficiency of large-scale data persistence management. Compliance verification is automatically executed through smart contracts, and data integrity verification is achieved through Merkel proofs, reducing manual intervention costs and enhancing business collaboration transparency.

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention provides a blockchain-based digital management method for power batteries, comprising: Based on the battery's initialization information and supply chain data, a digital battery passport certificate is obtained through carbon footprint integration calculation and stored in the blockchain. The digital battery passport certificate is the unique identifier of the battery in the blockchain. Based on the timed monitoring tasks built for each battery, the operating parameters are obtained through the BMS and encrypted channels and updated to the blockchain in real time; Battery retirement test results trigger a recycling and reuse process to obtain a new digital battery passport certificate and save it to the blockchain.

[0005] Preferred options also include: Based on the access request data, the identity data and operation permissions of the corresponding node are obtained through national cryptographic algorithms and identity authentication mechanisms. Based on the node's identity data and operation permissions, immutable carbon footprint data is obtained by writing it into the blockchain ledger. The carbon footprint data is uneditable. Based on the node's identity, trusted data for the entire battery lifecycle can be obtained by querying blockchain nodes.

[0006] Preferably, the step of obtaining the corresponding node's identity data and operation permissions based on the access request data through national cryptographic algorithms and identity authentication mechanisms further includes: Based on the access request, the identity authentication module generates a random verification code and sends it to the requesting end; Based on the random verification code, digital signature is performed using the SM2 private key to obtain the signature response data; Based on the signed response data and the random verification code, the hash value is calculated using the SM3 hash algorithm to obtain the request verification code; The signature verification is performed using the SM2 public key stored in the identity authentication module based on the request verification code. If the data that matches the random verification code can be successfully recovered, the identity authentication result is obtained. Based on identity data, the corresponding operation tokens for the relevant operation permissions are obtained through querying.

[0007] Preferably, the step of obtaining tamper-proof carbon footprint data by writing it into the blockchain ledger based on the node's identity data and operation permissions further includes: Based on the battery information in the access request data, a structured carbon footprint data package is constructed through a hierarchical data model. The hierarchical data model includes at least a battery basic identity layer, a supply chain traceability layer, a performance characteristic layer, and a dynamic characteristic layer. Based on the carbon footprint data package, data compliance authentication is obtained by calling and executing a smart contract on the blockchain; Based on the carbon footprint data package, a cold and hot separation storage strategy is used to save it to the blockchain and its associated storage system to complete the integration of the carbon footprint data into the corresponding battery's blockchain data; The blockchain data based on the corresponding battery generates its digital fingerprint through the SM3 hash algorithm, and the fingerprint is incorporated into the Merkle tree structure of the blockchain. A carbon footprint data certificate is obtained by generating a Merkle proof. The carbon footprint data certificate is used to verify the integrity of the battery data and trace the data throughout the battery's entire life cycle.

[0008] Preferably, the step of obtaining a digital battery passport certificate by integrating battery initialization information and supply chain data through carbon footprint calculation and storing it on the blockchain further includes: If the battery's initialization information is unregistered, battery identity information registration is triggered. The specific rules are as follows: Based on the national cryptographic standard SM2 elliptic curve cryptography, an SM2 private key is obtained by calling a cryptographically secure random number generator. Based on the SM2 private key and the preset generator of the elliptic curve, an SM2 public key is obtained through elliptic curve dot product operation. Based on the SM2 public key and the battery's initialization information, data to be processed is obtained by constructing a data block to be processed. A digital battery passport certificate is obtained. Based on the digital battery passport certificate, the SM2 public key, and the battery's initialization information, the data is mapped and saved to the blockchain.

[0009] Preferably, the step of obtaining the data to be processed by constructing a data block based on the SM2 public key and the battery initialization information further includes: Get a random number of length 128; The data to be processed is obtained based on the SM2 public key, the 128-bit random number, and the current timestamp through standard structured data encoding rules. The SM2 public key is generated through the unified social credit code corresponding to the battery. The attack detection is based on the data to be processed. The specific rules are as follows: the current timestamp and random number of the data to be processed are compared with the random number repository through a time window verification algorithm. If the data to be processed is found to be consistent, the data to be processed is re-processed.

[0010] Preferably, the steps for obtaining a digital battery passport certificate further include: Based on battery materials and carbon footprint information, the client uses its SM2 private key to sign the creation request and attaches its national cryptographic X509 certificate to generate and send a signed passport creation request. Based on the creation request of the signature, the X509 certificate is verified by the blockchain ledger node to confirm the client's identity, and the battery passport result is obtained by executing the smart contract. After signing with the ledger node's SM2 private key, the result is fed back to the client. Based on the feedback battery passport result, the client uses the ledger node's SM2 public key to verify the signature. After successful verification, the signature is encapsulated into a transaction and signed using the client's SM2 private key to generate and submit the final transaction. Based on the final transaction, after verifying the client signature through the sorting node, the transaction is packaged into a block and signed using the sorting node's SM2 private key to generate a signed block; Based on the signed block, the signing node signature is verified by the accounting node. After successful verification, the blockchain is connected to the blockchain to complete the creation and storage of the battery passport certificate.

[0011] Preferably, the step of obtaining a new digital battery passport certificate by triggering a recycling and reuse process based on the battery's retirement test results and storing it on the blockchain further includes: If the battery's health data is below a preset threshold, a new battery retirement data entry is added with the status of retirement. Based on the battery retirement data, a digital signature is performed using the SM2 private key, triggering a battery passport status transition event, and this event is recorded as a transaction on the blockchain. Based on the retirement status, a data set for generating a new certificate is constructed by integrating historical battery data, retirement inspection reports, and preset reuse paths. The reuse paths include scene identifiers or dismantling and recycling material lists. Based on the data set, a new digital battery passport certificate is generated using the SM3 hash algorithm and the SM2 private key signature. The data in the blockchain corresponding to the battery establishes a data inheritance relationship through the new digital battery passport certificate and the historical new digital battery passport certificate.

[0012] A second aspect of the present invention provides a blockchain-based digital management device for power batteries, comprising: The passport generation module is used to calculate and obtain a digital battery passport certificate based on the battery's initialization information and supply chain data through carbon footprint integration and save it to the blockchain; The supply chain data storage module is used to obtain operating parameters through the BMS and encrypted channels based on the timed monitoring tasks built for each battery and update them in real time to the battery passport on the blockchain. The battery regeneration module is used to obtain a new digital battery passport certificate based on the battery retirement test results by triggering the recycling and reuse process and save it to the blockchain; The identity authentication module is used to obtain the corresponding node identity and operation permissions based on the access request data through national cryptographic algorithms and identity authentication mechanisms; The battery passport certificate module is used to obtain and store immutable carbon footprint data by writing to the blockchain ledger based on the node identity and the operation permissions. The carbon footprint data is uneditable. The retrieval module is used to obtain trusted data on the entire battery lifecycle by querying blockchain nodes based on the node's identity.

[0013] A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements the blockchain-based digital management method for power batteries as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0014] This invention, by employing the above technical solutions, possesses the following advantages and positive effects compared to existing technologies: It achieves blockchain node identity authentication and data encryption through national cryptographic algorithms (SM2 / SM3), significantly enhancing system security and effectively preventing unauthorized access and data tampering risks; it collects operating parameters in real-time and updates them to the blockchain based on the BMS encrypted channel, dynamically maintaining battery passport information and ensuring the timeliness and accuracy of data throughout the entire lifecycle; it integrates carbon footprint calculations to generate digital battery passports, constructing an immutable on-chain evidence storage system, strengthening supply chain traceability and the credibility of environmental benefit assessments; it adopts a layered data model and a cold / hot separation storage strategy to optimize data storage structure, balancing high-frequency access needs with the efficiency of large-scale data persistence management; and it automatically executes compliance verification through smart contracts, combined with Merkel proofs to achieve data integrity verification, reducing manual intervention costs and enhancing business collaboration transparency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 This is the main process of a blockchain-based digital management method for power batteries in this invention; Figure 2 This is a process embodiment of a blockchain-based digital management method for power batteries in this invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the framework of a blockchain-based digital management device for power batteries according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present invention will become clearer from the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and use non-precise ratios, and are only used to facilitate and clarify the illustration of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0017] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a certain specific posture (as shown in the figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0018] First Embodiment See Figure 1 and Figure 2 The first aspect of the present invention provides a blockchain-based digital management method for power batteries, comprising: Based on the battery's initialization information and supply chain data, a digital battery passport certificate is obtained through carbon footprint integration calculation and stored in the blockchain. The digital battery passport certificate is the unique identifier of the battery in the blockchain. Based on the timed monitoring tasks built for each battery, the operating parameters are obtained through the BMS and encrypted channels and updated to the blockchain in real time; Battery retirement test results trigger a recycling and reuse process to obtain a new digital battery passport certificate and save it to the blockchain.

[0019] By integrating carbon footprint calculations to generate a uniquely identified digital battery passport on the blockchain, reliable evidence storage and precise traceability of power battery lifecycle data are achieved. Operating parameters are collected periodically via a BMS encrypted channel and uploaded to the blockchain in real time, ensuring the integrity and timeliness of dynamic monitoring data. The recycling process is automatically triggered based on retirement testing results, and on-chain certificates are updated, constructing a verifiable reuse path and forming a closed-loop management system from production and use to recycling. This significantly improves the transparency, security, and sustainability of power battery management. Supply chain data includes mineral data, refining data, material information, and electrode information. Battery initialization information includes material composition, capacity, and voltage. The BMS includes parameters such as battery charge / discharge cycles, current capacity, and health status, all of which are periodically uploaded to the blockchain via an encrypted channel.

[0020] See Figure 2 Preferably, it also includes: Based on the access request data, the identity data and operation permissions of the corresponding node are obtained through national cryptographic algorithms and identity authentication mechanisms. Based on the node's identity data and operation permissions, immutable carbon footprint data is obtained by writing it into the blockchain ledger. The carbon footprint data is stored as uneditable data. Based on node identity, trusted data for the entire battery lifecycle can be obtained by querying blockchain nodes.

[0021] By implementing national cryptographic algorithms and identity authentication mechanisms, node access control is achieved, ensuring that only authorized users can access or operate on-chain data, thus strengthening system security. Based on the blockchain ledger, immutable carbon footprint evidence is written, and combined with a cold and hot storage separation strategy, the authenticity and traceability of data throughout the entire life cycle are guaranteed. Through the distributed node query function, multi-party collaborative verification of battery status is supported, effectively solving problems such as information silos and data forgery in traditional management, and improving supply chain transparency and regulatory efficiency.

[0022] Preferably, the step of obtaining the corresponding node's identity data and operation permissions based on the access request data through national cryptographic algorithms and identity authentication mechanisms further includes: Based on the access request, the identity authentication module generates a random verification code and sends it to the requesting end; Obtain the signature response data by digitally signing the random verification code using the SM2 private key; The request verification code is obtained by calculating the hash value using the SM3 hash algorithm based on the signed response data and the random verification code. The signature verification is performed using the SM2 public key stored in the identity authentication module based on the request verification code. If the data that matches the random verification code can be successfully recovered, the identity authentication result is obtained. Based on identity data, the corresponding operation tokens for the relevant operation permissions are obtained through querying.

[0023] By employing a multi-factor authentication mechanism combining national cryptographic algorithms (SM2 / SM3) and dynamic random verification codes, high-strength encryption verification of node identity data is achieved, effectively preventing man-in-the-middle attacks and replay risks. Based on dual verification using digital signatures and hash values, the uniqueness of the binding between the requester's operation permissions and identity is ensured, preventing unauthorized access. Through a public-private key matching verification process, the distribution of operation tokens to nodes with different roles is precisely controlled, forming a fine-grained permission management system that significantly improves the overall security of the system.

[0024] Preferably, the step of obtaining tamper-proof carbon footprint data by writing node identity data and operation permissions into the blockchain ledger further includes: Based on the battery information from the access request data, a structured carbon footprint data package is constructed using a hierarchical data model. The hierarchical data model includes at least a battery basic identity layer, a supply chain traceability layer, a performance characteristic layer, and a dynamic characteristic layer. Data compliance certification is obtained by calling and executing smart contracts on the blockchain based on carbon footprint data packages; Based on the carbon footprint data package, a cold and hot separation storage strategy is used to save it to the blockchain and its associated storage system to complete the integration of carbon footprint data into the corresponding battery's blockchain data; The blockchain data based on the corresponding battery generates its digital fingerprint through the SM3 hash algorithm, and the fingerprint is incorporated into the Merkle tree structure of the blockchain. By generating Merkle proofs, carbon footprint data is stored, which is used to verify the integrity of battery data and trace data throughout the battery's entire life cycle.

[0025] By constructing structured carbon footprint data packages through a hierarchical data model, standardized integration of multi-dimensional battery information is achieved, improving data readability and analysis efficiency. Data compliance authentication is automatically executed based on smart contracts, and resource allocation is optimized by combining a cold and hot storage separation strategy to ensure that high-frequency dynamic data is uploaded to the chain in real time, while low-frequency historical data is stored persistently at low cost. Unique digital fingerprints are generated by the SM3 hash algorithm and embedded in a Merkle tree structure. Through on-chain notarization and distributed verification mechanisms, the immutability and cross-node consistency of data throughout its entire lifecycle are guaranteed. This effectively solves the problems of data silos, lack of trust, and regulatory blind spots in traditional systems.

[0026] Preferably, the step of obtaining a digital battery passport certificate by integrating battery initialization information and supply chain data through carbon footprint calculation and storing it on the blockchain further includes: If the battery's initialization information is unregistered, battery identity information registration is triggered. The specific rules are as follows: Based on the national cryptographic standard SM2 elliptic curve cryptography, the SM2 private key is obtained by calling a cryptographically secure random number generator. Based on the SM2 private key and the preset generator of the elliptic curve, the SM2 public key is obtained through elliptic curve dot product operation. Based on the SM2 public key and the battery's initialization information, the data to be processed is obtained by constructing a data block to be processed. A digital battery passport certificate is obtained. Based on the digital battery passport certificate, the SM2 public key, and the battery's initialization information, the data is mapped and saved to the blockchain.

[0027] The system employs the national cryptographic algorithms SM2 / SM3 to achieve encrypted registration and certificate generation of battery identity information, ensuring the uniqueness and collision resistance of digital passports. It dynamically generates public-private key pairs based on elliptic curve cryptography, and constructs a trusted data chain using supply chain data, enhancing the encrypted security of battery lifecycle traceability. A layered mapping mechanism binds basic battery information, encrypted credentials, and blockchain addresses, forming an immutable digital asset identifier, solving the problems of information silos and trust deficiencies in traditional management. A cryptographically secure random number generator ensures the strong randomness of private keys, effectively preventing predictive attacks and improving the overall security level of the system.

[0028] Preferably, the step of obtaining the data to be processed by constructing a data block based on the SM2 public key and battery initialization information further includes: Get a random number of length 128; The data to be processed is obtained based on the SM2 public key, a 128-bit random number, and the current timestamp through standard structured data encoding rules. The SM2 public key is generated through the unified social credit code corresponding to the battery. The attack detection is based on the data to be processed. The specific rules are as follows: the current timestamp and random number of the data to be processed are compared with the random number repository through a time window verification algorithm. If the data to be processed is found to be consistent, the data to be processed is re-processed.

[0029] By integrating a two-factor dynamic encoding mechanism that combines timestamps and 128-bit random numbers, and constructing structured data blocks using the national cryptographic standard SM2 public key, the anti-forgery capability of the data to be processed is significantly enhanced. Based on a time window verification algorithm, repetitive attacks are detected in real time. Combined with the random number repository comparison function, abnormal requests can be quickly identified and intercepted, effectively preventing replay attacks and data tampering risks. Standardized encoding rules are adopted to ensure cross-system data compatibility. At the same time, by dynamically reconstructing the logic of the data to be processed, the encryption process achieves quantum computing resistance characteristics, thereby improving the overall security protection strength.

[0030] Preferably, the steps for obtaining a digital battery passport certificate further include: Based on battery materials and carbon footprint information, the client uses its SM2 private key to sign the creation request and attaches its national cryptographic X509 certificate to generate and send a signed passport creation request. The creation request based on the signature is verified by the blockchain ledger node through the X509 certificate to confirm the client's identity, and the battery passport result is obtained by executing the smart contract. After being signed by the ledger node's SM2 private key, it is fed back to the client. Based on the feedback battery passport result, the client uses the ledger node's SM2 public key to verify the signature. After successful verification, it is encapsulated into a transaction and signed using the client's SM2 private key to generate and submit the final transaction. Based on the final transaction, after verifying the client's signature through the sorting node, the transaction is packaged into a block and signed using the sorting node's SM2 private key to generate a signed block; Based on the signature-based block, the signature of the sorting node is verified by the accounting node. After successful verification, the blockchain is connected to the blockchain to complete the creation and storage of the battery passport certificate.

[0031] By using a client-side X.509 certificate and initial SM2 signature, the true legal entity's identity is anchored at the very beginning of the process. Subsequent signatures from all nodes lock in the operational responsibilities of each party. This provides a legally binding operational log for the entire creation process, making it impossible for any participant to deny responsibility. Digital signatures at every critical stage form a protective chain, ensuring that any byte of tampering from the original request to the final data uploaded to the blockchain is captured and rejected by subsequent signature verification, thus guaranteeing the originality and authenticity of the battery passport information. The ledger node signs the smart contract result and returns it, which the client can verify. This effectively prevents man-in-the-middle attacks where results are intercepted and tampered with by malicious nodes during network transmission. Similarly, the signing of blocks by the sorting node prevents blocks from being tampered with during broadcast. The sorting nodes sort and package transactions, giving them a unique and universally recognized time order on the blockchain, resolving the double-spending problem and order conflicts in distributed systems. This ensures the creation time of the battery passport is clear and the entire history is rigorously auditable. Finally, the network of ledger nodes verifies the signed block to ensure that the creation record of this battery passport has been witnessed and confirmed by the decentralized network, giving the data the highest level of distributed trust.

[0032] Preferably, the step of obtaining a new digital battery passport certificate by triggering a recycling and reuse process based on the battery's retirement test results and storing it on the blockchain further includes: If the battery's health data is below a preset threshold, a new battery retirement data entry is added with the status of retirement. Based on the battery retirement data, a digital signature is performed using the SM2 private key, triggering a battery passport status transition event. This event is recorded as a transaction on the blockchain. Based on the retirement status, a data set for generating a new certificate is constructed by integrating historical battery data, retirement inspection reports, and preset reuse paths. The reuse paths include scene identifiers or dismantling and recycling material lists. Based on the data set, a new digital battery passport certificate is generated using the SM3 hash algorithm and SM2 private key signing. The data on the blockchain corresponding to the battery establishes a data inheritance relationship through the new digital battery passport certificate and the historical new digital battery passport certificate.

[0033] When a power battery reaches the retirement standard, the system initiates full-process monitoring of recycling and reuse. Recycling companies must scan the battery's unique identification code to verify its identity and usage status, and upload information such as recycling time and test results. The blockchain will then update the battery's status. If the battery enters the recycling stage, the recycling company must update the battery's dynamic information on the blockchain; if the battery enters the dismantling stage, the dismantling company must record data such as the dismantling process, the types and quantities of materials recycled, ensuring a closed-loop information system throughout the entire lifecycle. Finally, the system supports information query and monitoring by multiple stakeholders. Regulatory authorities can view real-time data on the entire process of power battery production, distribution, use, and recycling through blockchain nodes to achieve compliance supervision; companies can query battery information in the upstream and downstream supply chains to optimize production and recycling plans; and users can authorize access to historical data on the batteries of their purchased vehicles to protect their rights. All operation records are recorded on the blockchain, ensuring data transparency and traceability. By digitally signing retired data with SM2 private keys and triggering on-chain state transition events, the verifiability and legal validity of the battery retirement process are ensured, preventing unauthorized tampering. A structured dataset is built based on multi-dimensional data, and a new passport certificate is generated using the SM3 hash algorithm to achieve a reliable migration of retired battery information to recycling / reuse scenarios. The inheritance relationship between old and new certificates is established through blockchain, forming a full lifecycle data chain that supports cross-stage traceability and accountability. Pre-set dismantling material lists and scenario identification templates standardize reuse process management, improving resource recycling efficiency and supply chain collaboration transparency.

[0034] Second Embodiment A second aspect of the present invention provides a blockchain-based digital management device for power batteries, comprising: The passport generation module is used to calculate and obtain a digital battery passport certificate based on the battery's initialization information and supply chain data through carbon footprint integration and save it to the blockchain; The supply chain data storage module is used to obtain operating parameters through the BMS and encrypted channels based on the timed monitoring tasks built for each battery and update them in real time to the battery passport on the blockchain. The battery regeneration module is used to obtain a new digital battery passport certificate based on the battery retirement test results by triggering the recycling and reuse process and save it to the blockchain; The identity authentication module is used to obtain the corresponding node identity and operation permissions based on the access request data through national cryptographic algorithms and identity authentication mechanisms; The battery passport certificate module is used to obtain tamper-proof carbon footprint data certificate by writing to the blockchain ledger based on node identity and operation permissions. The carbon footprint data certificate is uneditable data. The retrieval module is used to obtain trusted data on the entire battery lifecycle by querying blockchain nodes based on node identity.

[0035] The battery passport generation module combines carbon footprint calculation with the SM2 / SM3 algorithm to ensure that battery initialization data is transformed into a unique on-chain identifier, strengthening identity authentication and anti-counterfeiting capabilities. The supply chain data storage module relies on the BMS encrypted channel to collect operating parameters periodically and update the on-chain battery passport in real time, ensuring the integrity and timeliness of dynamic data. The battery regeneration module triggers the reuse process based on retirement detection, and establishes a recycling closed loop by inheriting historical data through new certificates, improving the traceability of resource recycling. The identity authentication module adopts a multi-factor authentication mechanism to strictly control node operation permissions and prevent the risk of unauthorized access. The battery passport storage module uses the immutability of blockchain to store carbon footprint data and combines it with Merkle tree structure to achieve cross-node data consistency verification. The retrieval module supports penetrating query of full-cycle data by node identity, providing a reliable basis for supervision, insurance, and recycling.

[0036] The requested data contains different user roles. The identity authentication module obtains different operation permissions through user roles. User roles include at least mining plants, refineries, material suppliers, battery manufacturers, and battery manufacturers. Among them, mining plants, refineries, material suppliers, battery manufacturers, and battery manufacturers have the permission to enter battery supply chain production data, and battery manufacturers have the permission to generate battery passport certificates. The permission control avoids illegal data operations.

[0037] Third Embodiment A third aspect of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the computer program, when executed by the processor, implements a blockchain-based digital management method for power batteries as described in any of the preceding claims.

[0038] By persistently storing the blockchain ledger and battery lifecycle data in memory, and optimizing memory usage with a hot / cold data separation strategy, the system ensures real-time response to high-frequency data access and stable preservation of low-frequency historical data. Hardware-level security modules isolate and protect the SM2 private key, preventing the risk of private key leakage and enhancing the system's anti-attack capabilities. Through integrated design, complex management logic is encapsulated into lightweight programs, supporting independent deployment on edge computing nodes and improving supply chain collaboration efficiency. Ultimately, this achieves low-cost, high-reliability implementation of digital management methods for power batteries, providing a hardware support platform with real-time performance, security, and scalability for large-scale applications.

[0039] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "inner" and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product is in use. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0040] It should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "setup" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0041] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the sake of convenience and brevity, the specific identification content executed by the system and device described above can be referred to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments.

[0042] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, if these changes fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, they shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for digital management of power batteries based on a blockchain, characterized in that, Comprise: Based on the battery initialization information and supply chain data through the carbon footprint integration calculation to obtain the digital battery passport certificate and save to the blockchain, the digital battery passport certificate is the unique identification of the battery in the blockchain; Based on the timing monitoring task constructed for each battery, the running parameters are obtained through the BMS and the encrypted channel and are updated to the blockchain in real time; Based on the battery's retirement detection results, new digital battery passport certificates are obtained through triggering the recycling and reuse process and saved to the blockchain. 2.The blockchain-based power battery digital management method of claim 1, wherein, Also include: Based on the access request data, the identity data and operation permissions of the corresponding node are obtained through the national secret algorithm and identity authentication mechanism; Based on the identity data and operation permissions of the node, the tamper-proof carbon footprint data evidence is obtained by writing to the blockchain ledger, which is non-editable data; Based on the node identity, the trusted data of the battery full life cycle is obtained by querying the blockchain node. 3.The blockchain-based power battery digital management method of claim 2, wherein, The step of obtaining the identity data and operation permissions of the corresponding node based on the access request data through the national secret algorithm and identity authentication mechanism further comprises: Based on the access request, a random verification code is generated by the identity authentication module and sent to the request end; Based on the random verification code, signature response data is obtained by signing with SM2 private key; Based on the signature response data and the random verification code, the request verification code is calculated by SM3 hash algorithm; Based on the request verification code, the SM2 public key saved by the identity authentication module is used for signature verification, and if the data consistent with the random verification code can be successfully recovered, the result of successful identity authentication is obtained; Based on the identity data, the corresponding operation token of the operation permission is obtained by querying. 4.The method of claim 2, wherein, The step of obtaining tamper-proof carbon footprint data evidence based on the identity data and operation permissions of the node by writing to the blockchain ledger further comprises: Based on the battery information of the access request data, a structured carbon footprint data package is constructed based on a hierarchical data model, which at least includes a battery basic identity layer, a supply chain traceability layer, a performance characteristic layer and a dynamic characteristic layer; Based on the carbon footprint data package, data compliance authentication is obtained by calling and executing the smart contract on the blockchain; Based on the carbon footprint data package, it is saved to the blockchain and its associated storage system by cold and hot separation storage strategy to complete the integration of the carbon footprint data into the data of the corresponding battery in the blockchain; Based on the data of the corresponding battery in the blockchain, its digital fingerprint is generated by SM3 hash algorithm, and the fingerprint is included in the Merkle tree structure of the blockchain, and the carbon footprint data evidence is obtained by generating Merkle proof, which is used to verify the integrity of the battery data and trace the data of the full life cycle of the battery. 5.The blockchain-based power battery digital management method of claim 1, wherein, The step of obtaining the digital battery passport certificate based on the battery initialization information and supply chain data through the carbon footprint integration calculation and saving to the blockchain further comprises: If the initialization information of the battery is not registered, battery identity information registration is triggered, and the specific rules are: based on the SM2 elliptic curve cryptography standard, an SM2 private key is obtained by calling a cryptography secure random number generator, based on the SM2 private key and a preset generator of an elliptic curve, an SM2 public key is obtained by elliptic curve point multiplication operation, based on the SM2 public key and the initialization information of the battery, the to-be-processed data is obtained by constructing a to-be-processed data block; a digital battery passport certificate is obtained; based on the digital battery passport certificate, the SM2 public key and the initialization information of the battery, the to-be-processed data is obtained by mapping and saving to the blockchain. 6.The blockchain-based power battery digital management method of claim 5, wherein, The step of obtaining the to-be-processed data based on the SM2 public key and the initialization information of the battery by constructing a to-be-processed data block further comprises: Obtaining a random number with a length of 128 bits; Based on the SM2 public key, the 128-bit random number, and the current timestamp, the to-be-processed data is obtained by a standard structured data encoding rule, and the SM2 public key is generated by the unified social credit code corresponding to the battery; Based on the to-be-processed data, attack detection is performed, and the specific rules are: based on the current timestamp and the random number of the to-be-processed data, the time window verification algorithm is compared with the random number storage library, and if consistent data is found, the to-be-processed data is reprocessed. 7.The blockchain-based power battery digital management method of claim 5, wherein, The step of obtaining a digital battery passport certificate further comprises: Based on the battery material and carbon footprint information, the client uses its SM2 private key to sign the passport creation request and attach its SM2 X509 certificate, generates and sends the signed passport creation request; Based on the signed creation request, the X509 certificate is verified by the blockchain accounting node to confirm the identity of the client, and the battery passport result is obtained by executing the smart contract, and the feedback is signed by the accounting node SM2 private key and fed back to the client; Based on the feedback of the battery passport result, the client uses the accounting node SM2 public key to verify the signature, and after verification, it is encapsulated as a transaction and signed by the client SM2 private key, and the final transaction is generated and submitted; Based on the final transaction, the client signature is verified by the sorting node, and the transaction is packaged into a block and signed by the sorting node SM2 private key to generate a signed block; Based on the signed block, the sorting node signature is verified by the accounting node, and after verification, the block is linked to the blockchain, and the creation and storage of the battery passport certificate are completed. 8.The blockchain-based power battery digital management method of claim 1, wherein, The step of obtaining a new digital battery passport certificate based on the battery retirement detection result and saving it to the blockchain further comprises: If the health data of the battery is lower than the preset threshold, a battery retirement data is added and the state is retired, based on the battery retirement data, a digital signature is performed by the SM2 private key and a state conversion event of the battery passport is triggered, and the event is recorded as a transaction to the blockchain; based on the retirement state, the battery historical data, the retirement detection report and the preset recycling path are integrated to construct a data set for generating a new certificate, and the recycling path includes scene identification or disassembly recycling material list; A new digital battery passport certificate is generated by an SM3 hash algorithm, an SM2 private key signature based on the data set, and the data of the battery corresponding to the blockchain is established in a data inheritance relationship through the new digital battery passport certificate and the historical new digital battery passport certificate. 9.A power battery digital management device based on a blockchain, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: A passport generation module is configured to obtain a digital battery passport certificate based on the initialization information of the battery and supply chain data through carbon footprint integration calculation and save the digital battery passport certificate to the blockchain; A supply chain data storage module is configured to obtain running parameters through a BMS and an encryption channel based on a timing monitoring task constructed for each battery and update the running parameters to the battery passport on the blockchain in real time; A battery regeneration module is configured to obtain a new digital battery passport certificate based on the retirement detection result of the battery by triggering a recycling and reuse process and save the new digital battery passport certificate to the blockchain; An identity authentication module is configured to obtain corresponding node identity and operation permission based on access request data through a national secret algorithm and an identity authentication mechanism; A battery passport storage module is configured to obtain tamper-proof carbon footprint data storage based on the node identity and the operation permission by writing to the blockchain ledger, wherein the carbon footprint data storage is non-editable data; A search module is configured to obtain trusted data of the battery throughout the life cycle by querying the blockchain node based on the node identity.

10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, The computer program is executed by the processor to realize the method for digital management of power batteries based on the blockchain according to any one of claims 1-8.

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