Antenna device, antenna array and antenna system

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna device. The antenna device comprises: a node for feeding to a calibration network; the antenna includes a first plane, a first radiating unit disposed in the first plane and configured to radiate a radio wave in response to a radio frequency (RF) signal fed to the first radiating unit, and a second radiating unit disposed in the second plane and configured to radiate a radio wave in response to the RF signal fed to the first radiating unit. A second radiation unit, wherein the second radiation unit is arranged in a second plane different from the first plane; and a distribution structure for feeding the RF signal to the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit by providing an amplitude distribution of the RF signal between the first radiation unit and the second radiation unit. The distribution structure is configured to feed at least a portion of energy of the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating element and the second radiating element to the calibration network via the node. The invention relates to another antenna device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to antenna devices, antenna arrays, and antenna systems, and more particularly to providing feedback to calibration networks. Background Technology

[0002] With the full completion of Long Term Evolution (LTE) deployment and the advancement of 5th Generation (5G) mobile network deployment, operators are preparing for the upcoming 5.5 Generation (5.5G) mobile networks. A key technology for realizing this next generation of mobile communications is massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO) below 6 GHz. Massive multiple input multiple output antenna arrays (mMIMO antenna arrays) can operate in various ways, such as using time division duplex (TDD) or frequency division duplex (FDD). All the different ways of operating mMIMO antenna arrays share a common feature: beamforming. Whether the goal is to maximize antenna directivity or generate zero interference through zero-forcing, phase and amplitude stability play a crucial role in maximizing the performance of the antenna system. Summary of the Invention

[0003] When manufacturing an antenna array comprising multiple radiating elements for radiating radio waves, phase and amplitude deviations due to mechanical tolerances can be mitigated by using a calibration network. This type of network compensates for amplitude and phase errors originating from the remote radio unit (RRU) to the input of a feed network used to feed radio frequency (RF) signals to the radiating elements of the antenna array so that the RF signals are transmitted as radio waves by the radiating elements. The input of the feed network can be referred to as an antenna port. The terms "calibration structure" and "feed structure" can be used synonymously with the terms "calibration network" and "feed network," respectively.

[0004] For example, according to the description of FDD service beams, the weight values ​​of the RRU (e.g., the baseband processing unit of the RRU) sent to the antenna port (i.e., the feed network port) are explicitly specified in the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) specifications. RF signals are transmitted from the RRU to the antenna port (i.e., the feed network port) via the RF link. In an ideal model, the amplitude and phase characteristics and delays of multiple RF channels are predetermined by the expected radiation pattern. Otherwise, problems such as beam deflection, coverage error, and reduced null depth will occur, affecting the beamforming effect within the cell. However, due to factors such as amplitude and phase fluctuations of active devices on long paths, path lengths at the analog ends of each channel, and duplexer group delay differences, the amplitude and phase characteristics and delays of RF channels cannot be kept consistent.

[0005] Therefore, the signal arriving at the antenna port is calibrated via a calibration network. Antenna calibration, also known as channel calibration, aims to ensure the consistency of data delay, amplitude, and phase between channels in a multi-channel system. In principle, the phase, amplitude, and delay of a signal will change after transmission through different channels. These changes can be calculated based on the known phase, amplitude, and delay changes of the calibration signal after transmission through different channels. The channels are then compensated. In real-world scenarios and products, calibration is not performed at the antenna level but before the possible drive system. In this case, amplitude and phase errors can accumulate until the radiated radio frequency (RF) signal is emitted. In other words, amplitude and phase errors can also occur from the input of the feed network to the radiating elements of the antenna array. These errors can be caused by the antenna array itself, for example, by the radome profile, differences in the environment around the radiating elements (e.g., differences between radiating elements at the center and edges of the antenna array), different dipoles in the radiating elements, different tuning components, etc. Additionally or alternatively, these errors can be caused by the feed network itself, for example, by errors in the nodes of the feed network, drive system errors between radiating elements, etc.

[0006] In view of the foregoing, this disclosure aims to provide an antenna device capable of reducing amplitude and / or phase errors that may occur between a feed network for providing radio frequency (RF) signals to one or more radiating elements of the antenna device and the one or more radiating elements of the antenna device.

[0007] These and other objectives are achieved by means of the schemes described in the independent claims of this disclosure. Advantageous implementations are further specified in the dependent claims.

[0008] A first aspect of this disclosure provides an antenna device. The antenna device includes nodes for feeding power to a calibration network. The antenna device includes a first radiating element disposed in a first plane for radiating radio waves in response to a radio frequency (RF) signal fed to the first radiating element. The antenna device includes a second radiating element disposed in a second plane different from the first plane. The second radiating element is used to radiate radio waves in response to the RF signal fed to the second radiating element. The antenna device includes a distribution structure for feeding the RF signal to the first and second radiating elements by providing an amplitude distribution of the RF signal between the first and second radiating elements. The distribution structure is also used for feeding at least a portion of the energy of electromagnetic coupling between the first and second radiating elements to the calibration network via the nodes when the RF signal is fed to the first and second radiating elements.

[0009] In other words, the first aspect proposes using a dual-layer antenna comprising a first radiating element and a second radiating element, and providing a calibration path via the nodes through the distribution structure. This calibration path is capable of calibrating (e.g., reducing or eliminating) errors such as amplitude and / or phase errors generated by the feed network, wherein the feed network is used to provide the RF signal to the distribution structure so that the RF signal is transmitted in the form of radio waves by the first and second radiating elements. The first and second radiating elements may be referred to as a dual-layer antenna. The term "radio frequency signal (RF signal)" may be abbreviated to the term "radio signal".

[0010] The dual-layer antenna enhances the directivity of the antenna device in radiating radio waves, and thus radiating RF signals in the form of radio waves. This enables the miniaturization of the antenna device's reflector (which may be called an antenna reflector), or the expansion of coverage, and / or the improvement of the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) provided by the antenna device.

[0011] The term "antenna device" can be used instead of "antenna apparatus." The antenna apparatus may include a second node for receiving radio frequency (RF) signals from a feed network. The antenna apparatus may include the feed network, which can be used to feed the second node. The distribution structure can be used to receive the RF signal from the feed network via the second node. The distribution structure can be used to provide an amplitude distribution of the RF signal between the first radiating element and the second radiating element when the second node receives the RF signal. The feed network can be used to feed the RF signal such that the first radiating element and the second radiating element receive the feed and radiate at the same frequency. The first radiating element and the second radiating element can be used to receive the feed at the same frequency. The first radiating element and the second radiating element can be used to radiate at the same frequency.

[0012] The first plane and the second plane may be parallel to each other. Electromagnetic coupling may be referred to as "mutual coupling". The distribution structure is used to feed at least a portion of the energy of the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating element and the second radiating element to the calibration network via the node when the first radiating element and the second radiating element radiate radio waves in response to the RF signal fed to the first radiating element and the second radiating element, respectively.

[0013] The distribution structure can be used to feed the RF signal to the first radiating element and the second radiating element, such that a first amplitude is fed to the first radiating element and a second amplitude is fed to the second radiating element, wherein the first amplitude and the second amplitude are equal to the amplitude of the RF signal. The distribution structure can be used to control the amplitude difference between the first radiating element and the second radiating element. The amplitude relationship between the first radiating element and the second radiating element can be used as a degree of freedom for transmitting the RF signal in the form of radio waves through the first radiating element and the second radiating element. The amplitude distribution between the first radiating element and the second radiating element can be used to improve the front-to-back ratio and cross-polarization discrimination of the antenna device.

[0014] The distribution structure may be a power divider, or may include a power divider. The power divider may be used to: (when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element and the second radiating element) cause at least a portion of the energy dissipated at the power divider (e.g., at the resistor of the power divider) by the electromagnetic coupling between the first and second radiating elements to be fed to the calibration network via the node. The power divider may be a Wilkinson power divider. In other words, at least a portion of the energy dissipated at the power divider by the electromagnetic coupling between the first and second radiating elements can be used as calibration feedback. Therefore, the distribution structure (e.g., the power divider) and the node for feeding power to the calibration network may be a calibration feedback path for feeding at least a portion of the energy of the electromagnetic coupling between the first and second radiating elements to the calibration network.

[0015] The antenna device described in the first aspect is described as a transmitting (non-receiving) device. However, the antenna device can also operate as a receiving device.

[0016] In one implementation of the first aspect, the distribution structure is configured to provide a phase-shifted RF signal between the first radiating element and the second radiating element when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element and the second radiating element. Alternatively, the antenna device may include a phase shifter disposed between the distribution structure and the first radiating element or the second radiating element. That is, the phase shifter may be disposed between the distribution structure and the first radiating element or between the distribution structure and the second radiating element. The phase shifter may be configured to provide a phase-shifted RF signal between the first radiating element and the second radiating element when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element and the second radiating element.

[0017] The term "phase difference" can be used as a synonym for the term "phase shift." That is, the distribution structure or the phase shifter can be used to provide an RF signal with a phase difference between the first radiating element and the second radiating element. The distribution structure or the phase shifter can be used to control the phase difference between the first radiating element and the second radiating element. The phase shift between the first radiating element and the second radiating element can be used to improve the front-to-back ratio and cross-polarization discrimination of the antenna device. The phase shifter can be a digital phase shifter or an analog phase shifter.

[0018] In one implementation of the first aspect, the antenna device includes the calibration network. The calibration network can be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signals fed to the first radiating element and the second radiating element using energy fed from the distribution structure via the nodes.

[0019] In other words, the calibration network can be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of radio waves radiated by the first and second radiating units in response to feeding the RF signal to the first and second radiating units using energy fed from the distribution structure via the nodes.

[0020] This enables the calibration (e.g., elimination) of errors such as amplitude and / or phase errors generated by the feed network, wherein the feed network is used to provide the RF signal to the distribution structure so that the RF signal is transmitted in the form of radio waves by the first radiating element and the second radiating element.

[0021] In one implementation of the first aspect, the antenna device includes a reflector disposed in a third plane different from the first plane and the second plane. The reflector can be used to reflect radio waves radiated along a main radiation direction by the first radiating element and the second radiating element in response to the RF signal fed to the first radiating element and the second radiating element.

[0022] The first plane can be disposed between the second plane and the third plane. The first plane, the second plane, and the third plane can be parallel to each other. The reflector can include a planar element disposed in the third plane. For example, the reflector can be a reflective plate disposed in the third plane. The main radiation direction can be a direction away from the reflector.

[0023] In one implementation of the first aspect, the positions of the first radiating element, the second radiating element, and the reflector, as well as the configuration of the distribution structure, cause the radio waves radiated by the first radiating element and the second radiating element to produce constructive interference in the main radiation direction.

[0024] The result can be a combined radiation pattern that is more directional than radio waves from a simple / single radiating element. The overall result can be a significant improvement in the directivity of the combined radiation pattern of the antenna device. This allows for miniaturization of the reflector, or expansion of the antenna device's coverage area, and / or improvement of the signal-to-interference plus noise ratio (SINR) provided by the antenna device. Therefore, the directivity of the antenna device's radiation can be improved without sacrificing signal gain.

[0025] The distribution structure or optional phase shifter can be used to control the phase shift between the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit, so that the radio waves radiated by the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit produce constructive interference in the main radiation direction.

[0026] In one implementation of the first aspect, the first radiating element, the second radiating element, and the reflector are arranged on a common axis, and the main radiating direction is a direction away from the reflector along the common axis.

[0027] In other words, the first radiating element and the second radiating element can be stacked along the normal direction relative to the reflector.

[0028] In one implementation of the first aspect, the first radiating element and the second radiating element are arranged on a common axis.

[0029] The first radiating element and the second radiating element can be concentrically arranged on the common axis. This may mean that the common axis can pass through the center of gravity of each radiating element. Therefore, the radiating elements of the antenna device can be considered to be co-located.

[0030] In one implementation of the first aspect, the first radiating element and the second radiating element are stacked on top of each other.

[0031] In one implementation of the first aspect, the first radiating element and the second radiating element each include a dipole.

[0032] For example, the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit may each include planar elements disposed in their respective planes, such as a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate having a radiating structure such as a dipole defined thereon.

[0033] The antenna device may be a broadband antenna device, and / or may be an antenna device suitable for massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO). The antenna device may be a massive multiple input multiple output antenna device (mMIMO antenna device).

[0034] In order to implement the antenna device according to the first aspect of this disclosure, some or all of the implementations and optional features of the first aspect can be combined with each other.

[0035] A second aspect of this disclosure provides an antenna device. The antenna device includes a node for feeding power to a calibration network. The antenna device includes a first radiating element disposed in a first plane for radiating radio waves in response to an RF signal fed to the first radiating element. The antenna device includes a second radiating element disposed in a second plane different from the first plane. The second radiating element is configured to: when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element, feed at least a portion of the energy of the electromagnetic coupling between the first and second radiating elements to the calibration network via the node.

[0036] In other words, the second aspect proposes using a dual-layer antenna comprising a first radiating element and a second radiating element, and providing a calibration path via the node through the second radiating element. This calibration path is capable of calibrating (e.g., reducing or eliminating) errors such as amplitude and / or phase errors generated by the feed network, wherein the feed network is used to provide the RF signal to the first radiating element so that the RF signal is transmitted by the first radiating element in the form of radio waves.

[0037] The antenna device may include a second node for receiving radio frequency (RF) signals from a feed network. The antenna device may include the feed network, which can be used to feed the second node. The first radiating element can be used to receive the RF signals from the feed network via the second node.

[0038] The first plane and the second plane may be parallel to each other. Electromagnetic coupling may be referred to as "mutual coupling". The second radiating element is used to: feed at least a portion of the energy of the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating element and the second radiating element to the node when the first radiating element radiates radio waves in response to the RF signal fed to the first radiating element.

[0039] The antenna device described in the second aspect is described as a transmitting (non-receiving) device. However, the antenna device can also operate as a receiving device.

[0040] In one implementation of the second aspect, the antenna device includes the calibration network; the calibration network is used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signal fed to the first radiating element using energy fed from the second radiating element via the node to the calibration network.

[0041] The calibration network can be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of radio waves radiated by the first radiation unit in response to feeding the RF signal to the first radiation unit, using energy fed from the second radiation unit via the node to the calibration network.

[0042] This enables the calibration (e.g., elimination) of errors such as amplitude and / or phase errors generated by the feed network, wherein the feed network is used to provide the RF signal to the first radiating element so that the RF signal is transmitted by the first radiating element in the form of radio waves.

[0043] In one implementation of the second aspect, the antenna device includes a reflector disposed in a third plane different from the first plane and the second plane. The reflector can be used to reflect radio waves radiated by the first radiating element along a main radiation direction in response to the RF signal fed to the first radiating element.

[0044] The first plane can be disposed between the second plane and the third plane. The first plane, the second plane, and the third plane can be parallel to each other. The reflector can include a planar element disposed in the third plane. For example, the reflector can be a reflective plate disposed in the third plane. The main radiation direction can be a direction away from the reflector.

[0045] In one implementation of the second aspect, the first radiating element, the second radiating element, and the reflector are arranged on a common axis, and the main radiating direction is along the common axis away from the reflector.

[0046] In other words, the first radiating element and the second radiating element can be stacked along the normal direction relative to the reflector.

[0047] In one implementation of the second aspect, the first radiating element and the second radiating element are arranged on a common axis.

[0048] The first radiating element and the second radiating element can be concentrically arranged on the common axis. This may mean that the common axis can pass through the center of gravity of each radiating element. Therefore, the radiating elements of the antenna device can be considered to be co-located.

[0049] In one implementation of the second aspect, the first radiating element and the second radiating element are stacked on top of each other.

[0050] In one implementation of the second aspect, the first radiating element and the second radiating element each include a dipole.

[0051] For example, the first radiating unit and the second radiating unit may each include planar elements disposed in their respective planes, such as a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate having a radiating structure such as a dipole defined thereon.

[0052] The antenna device may be a broadband antenna device, and / or may be an antenna device suitable for massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO). The antenna device may be a massive multiple input multiple output antenna device (mMIMO antenna device).

[0053] The foregoing description of the antenna device according to the first aspect applies accordingly to the antenna device according to the second aspect. Conversely, the foregoing description of the antenna device according to the second aspect applies accordingly to the antenna device according to the first aspect.

[0054] The antenna device and its implementation and optional features described in the second aspect achieve the same advantages as the antenna device and its corresponding implementation and optional features described in the first aspect.

[0055] To implement the antenna device according to the second aspect of this disclosure, some or all of the implementations and optional features of the second aspect can be combined with each other.

[0056] A third aspect of this disclosure provides an antenna array comprising two or more antenna devices as described in a first aspect of this disclosure, or two or more antenna devices as described in a second aspect of this disclosure.

[0057] The antenna array may be a broadband antenna array, and / or may be an antenna array suitable for massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO). The antenna array may be a massive multiple input multiple output antenna array (mMIMO antenna array).

[0058] The foregoing description of the antenna device according to the first aspect applies accordingly to the antenna array according to the third aspect. The foregoing description of the antenna device according to the second aspect applies accordingly to the antenna array according to the third aspect.

[0059] The antenna array, its implementation, and optional features described in the third aspect achieve the same advantages as the antenna device, its corresponding implementation, and optional features described in the first aspect.

[0060] A fourth aspect of this disclosure provides an antenna array comprising one or more antenna devices according to a first aspect of this disclosure and one or more antenna devices according to a second aspect of this disclosure.

[0061] The antenna array may be a broadband antenna array, and / or may be an antenna array suitable for massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO). The antenna array may be a massive multiple input multiple output antenna array (mMIMO antenna array).

[0062] The foregoing description of the antenna device according to the first aspect applies accordingly to the antenna array according to the fourth aspect. The foregoing description of the antenna device according to the second aspect applies accordingly to the antenna array according to the fourth aspect.

[0063] The antenna array, its implementation, and optional features described in the fourth aspect achieve the same advantages as the antenna device, its corresponding implementation, and optional features described in the first aspect.

[0064] A fifth aspect of this disclosure provides an antenna system comprising: one or more antenna devices according to a first aspect of this disclosure; and a calibration network for being fed by the nodes of each of the one or more antenna devices.

[0065] The calibration network can be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signals fed to the first radiating element and the second radiating element of the respective antenna device using energy fed to the calibration network from the distribution structure of the respective antenna device via the nodes of the respective antenna device.

[0066] Each of the one or more antenna devices may include a second node for receiving radio frequency (RF) signals. The antenna system may include a feed network for feeding the second node of each of the one or more antenna devices. The distribution structure of each of the one or more antenna devices may be used to receive RF signals from the feed network via the second node of the respective antenna device.

[0067] Optionally, the antenna system includes one or more antenna devices according to a second aspect of this disclosure, wherein the calibration network is used to feed the nodes of each of the one or more antenna devices according to the second aspect. The calibration network can be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signal fed to the first radiating element of the corresponding antenna device according to the second aspect using energy fed from the second radiating element of the corresponding antenna device via the nodes of the corresponding antenna device according to the second aspect. Each of the one or more antenna devices according to the second aspect may include a second node for receiving the radio frequency (RF) signal. The feeding network can be used to feed the second node of each of the one or more antenna devices according to the second aspect. The first radiating element of each of the one or more antenna devices according to the second aspect can be used to receive the RF signal from the feeding network via the second node of the corresponding antenna device according to the second aspect.

[0068] The foregoing description of the antenna device according to the first aspect is correspondingly applicable to the antenna system according to the fifth aspect. The foregoing description of the antenna device according to the second aspect is correspondingly applicable to the antenna system according to the fifth aspect.

[0069] The antenna system and its implementation and optional features described in the fifth aspect achieve the same advantages as the antenna device and its corresponding implementation and optional features described in the first aspect.

[0070] In order to implement the antenna system according to the fifth aspect of this disclosure, some or all of the implementations and optional features of the fifth aspect can be combined with each other.

[0071] A sixth aspect of this disclosure provides an antenna system comprising: one or more antenna devices according to a second aspect of this disclosure; and a calibration network for being fed by nodes of each of the one or more antenna devices.

[0072] The calibration network can be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signal fed to the first radiating element of the corresponding antenna device using energy fed from the second radiating element of the corresponding antenna device via the node of the corresponding antenna device to the calibration network.

[0073] Each of the one or more antenna devices may include a second node for receiving radio frequency (RF) signals. The antenna system may include a feed network for feeding the second node of each of the one or more antenna devices. The first radiating element of each of the one or more antenna devices may be used to receive the RF signal from the feed network via the second node of the respective antenna device.

[0074] Optionally, the antenna system includes one or more antenna devices according to a first aspect of this disclosure, wherein the calibration network is used to feed the nodes of each of the one or more antenna devices according to the first aspect. The calibration network can be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signal fed to the first radiating element and the second radiating element of the corresponding antenna device according to the first aspect using energy fed to the calibration network from the distribution structure of the corresponding antenna device according to the first aspect via the nodes of the corresponding antenna device according to the first aspect. Each of the one or more antenna devices according to the first aspect may include a second node for receiving radio frequency (RF) signals. The feeding network can be used to feed the second node of each of the one or more antenna devices according to the first aspect. The distribution structure of each of the one or more antenna devices according to the first aspect can be used to receive RF signals from the feeding network via the second node of the corresponding antenna device according to the first aspect.

[0075] The foregoing description of the antenna device according to the second aspect is correspondingly applicable to the antenna system according to the sixth aspect. The foregoing description of the antenna device according to the first aspect is correspondingly applicable to the antenna system according to the sixth aspect.

[0076] The antenna system and its implementation and optional features described in the sixth aspect achieve the same advantages as the antenna device and its corresponding implementation and optional features described in the second aspect.

[0077] In order to implement the antenna system according to the sixth aspect of this disclosure, some or all of the implementations and optional features of the sixth aspect can be combined with each other.

[0078] It should be noted that all devices, elements, units, and apparatuses described in this application can be implemented in software or hardware elements or any combination thereof. All steps performed by the various entities described in this application, and the functions described as being performed by the various entities, are intended to indicate that the respective entities are suitable for or used to perform the respective steps and functions. Although in the following description of specific embodiments, the specific functions or steps performed by external entities are not reflected in the detailed description of the specific elements of the entities performing the specific steps or functions, those skilled in the art will understand that these methods and functions can be implemented by corresponding software or hardware elements or any combination thereof. Attached Figure Description

[0079] The above aspects and implementation methods will be explained and described in the following detailed description of specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 An example of an antenna device according to this disclosure is shown; Figure 2 An example of an antenna device according to this disclosure is shown; Figure 3 A block diagram of an example antenna device according to the present disclosure and a block diagram of an example distributed structure of the antenna device are shown; Figure 4 An example of an antenna device according to this disclosure is shown; Figure 5 An example of an antenna array according to this disclosure is shown; Figure 6 An example of an antenna array according to this disclosure is shown; Figure 7 An example of an antenna array according to this disclosure is shown; Figure 8 An example of an antenna system according to this disclosure is shown; Figure 9 An example of an antenna system according to this disclosure is shown.

[0080] The same elements shown in the figure are labeled with the same reference numerals, and can be implemented in a similar manner. Detailed Implementation

[0081] Figure 1 An example of an antenna device according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 1 The antenna device 100 described herein is an example of an antenna device according to the first aspect of this disclosure. The description of the antenna device according to the first aspect is accordingly applicable to... Figure 1 Antenna equipment 100.

[0082] Figure 1 The antenna device 100 in the diagram can be a broadband antenna device, and / or can be an antenna device suitable for massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO). For example... Figure 1 As shown, antenna device 100 includes a node N1 for feeding power to calibration network 108. Antenna device 100 includes a first radiating element 101 disposed in a first plane for radiating radio waves in response to a radio frequency (RF) signal fed to the first radiating element 101. Antenna device 100 includes a second radiating element 102 disposed in a second plane different from the first plane. The second radiating element 102 is used to radiate radio waves in response to an RF signal fed to the second radiating element 102. Antenna device 100 includes a distribution structure 104 for feeding an RF signal to the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 by providing an amplitude distribution of the RF signal between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102. Distribution structure 104 is also used to feed at least a portion of the energy of the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 to calibration network 108 via node N1 when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102.

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, the distribution structure 104 can feed an RF signal of corresponding amplitude to the first radiating element 101 via feed line 105a, and to the second radiating element 102 via feed line 105b. The distribution structure 104 can feed at least a portion of the energy from the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 to node N1 via feed line 106b, and then to the calibration network 108 via node N1. The distribution structure 104 can distribute the power of the RF signal between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102. The power relationship (i.e., amplitude relationship or amplitude distribution) between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 can depend on the boost in directivity.

[0084] exist Figure 1 In the diagram, the dashed line L1 represents the boundary between elements belonging to antenna device 100 and elements not belonging to antenna device 100 (i.e., external elements). According to... Figure 1Assuming the calibration network 108 is an external element relative to the antenna device 100, it may be coupled (e.g., electrically connected) to the antenna device 100, for example, coupled to a port of the antenna device 100, to receive energy fed from the distribution structure 104 to node N1. Optionally, the antenna device 100 may include the calibration network 108. The calibration network 108 may be part of the antenna device 100. The calibration network 108 may be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signals fed to the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 using the energy fed from the distribution structure 104 via node N1.

[0085] like Figure 1 As shown, antenna device 100 may include a means for receiving power from a feed network ( Figure 1 A second node N2 (not shown) receives radio frequency (RF) signals. The feed network can be an external element relative to the antenna device 100, and can be coupled (e.g., electrically connected) to the antenna device 100, for example, connected to a port of the antenna device 100, to feed the RF signal to the second node N2, and then via the second node N2 to the distribution structure 104. Optionally, the antenna device 100 may include a feed network for feeding the second node N2. The distribution structure 104 can be used to receive RF signals from the feed network via the second node N2. The distribution structure 104 can be used to provide an amplitude distribution of the RF signal between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 when the second node N2 receives the RF signal. Figure 1 As shown, the distribution structure 104 can receive RF signals from the second node N2 via feeder 106a.

[0086] The feed point of the first radiating element 101, fed by the distribution structure 104 via feed line 105a, is indicated by reference numeral "a". The feed point of the second radiating element 102, fed by the distribution structure 104 via feed line 105b, is indicated by reference numeral "b". The distribution structure 104 can be used to achieve balance between feed point a and feed point b. This enables broadband transmission for the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102. Coupling between feed point a and feed point b can be minimized to maximize radiation efficiency.

[0087] like Figure 1As shown, the antenna device 100 may include a reflector 103 (which may be referred to as an antenna reflector) disposed in a third plane different from the first and second planes. The reflector 103 can be used to reflect radio waves radiated along the main radiating direction (MRD) by the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 in response to RF signals fed to the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102. Figure 1 As shown, the main radiating direction (MRD) can be the normal direction away from reflector 103. The normal direction corresponds to... Figure 1 The z-axis direction of the coordinate system shown. For example... Figure 1 As shown, the first plane, the second plane, and the third plane extend along the y-axis and the x-axis, respectively. Therefore, the first radiating element 101, the second radiating element 102, and the reflector 103 extend along the y-axis and the x-axis, respectively.

[0088] like Figure 1 As shown, the first radiating unit 101 and the second radiating unit 102 may each include planar elements disposed in their respective planes. For example, the first radiating unit 101 and the second radiating unit 102 may each include a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate, wherein a radiating structure such as a dipole is defined on the PCB substrate, and the PCB substrate is disposed in a first plane (in the case of the first radiating unit 101) or a second plane (in the case of the second radiating unit 102). The first radiating unit 101 and the second radiating unit 102 can be used to provide a similar impedance to the distribution structure 104.

[0089] The reflector 103 may include a planar element disposed in the third plane. For example, the reflector 103 may be a reflective plate disposed in the third plane.

[0090] Figure 1 A schematic side view of the antenna device is shown in the lower right corner with a circle SV. Accordingly, the first radiating element 101, the second radiating element 102, and the reflector 103 can be arranged on a common axis A. The main radiating direction (MRD) is the direction away from the reflector 103 along the common axis A. The first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 can be arranged concentrically on the common axis A. This may mean that the common axis A can pass through the centroid of each radiating element 101, 102. Therefore, the radiating elements 101, 102 of the antenna device 100 can be considered to be co-located.

[0091] The first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 can be stacked on top of each other. Specifically, the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 can be stacked along the normal direction relative to the reflector 103.

[0092] related Figure 1 For further details of the antenna device 100, please refer to the description of the antenna device according to the first aspect of this disclosure.

[0093] Figure 2 An example of an antenna device according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 2 The antenna device 100 in the middle is Figure 1 Examples of optional implementations of the antenna device 100 are provided below. The following mainly describes... Figure 2 Optional features of antenna device 100, also refer to the following: Figure 1 Description of antenna device 100.

[0094] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna device 100 may include a phase shifter 107 disposed between the distribution structure 104 and the second radiating element 102. That is, the phase shifter 107 may be disposed in the feed line 105b to feed an RF signal with a corresponding amplitude from the distribution structure 104 to the second radiating element 102. Alternatively, the phase shifter 107 may be disposed between the distribution structure 104 and the first radiating element 101 (…). Figure 2 (not shown in the diagram) That is, the phase shifter 107 can be disposed in the feed line 105a to feed an RF signal with a corresponding amplitude from the distribution structure 104 to the first radiating element 101 (not shown in the diagram). Figure 2 (Not shown in the image). The phase shifter 107 is used to provide an RF signal with a phase shift between the first radiation unit 101 and the second radiation unit 102 when the RF signal is fed to the first radiation unit 101 and the second radiation unit 102.

[0095] In an alternative implementation, the distribution structure 104 can be used to provide a phase-shifted RF signal between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102. That is, in the above-described alternative implementation, the distribution structure 104 can provide the RF signal to the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 such that there is an amplitude distribution of the RF signal between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102, and a phase difference of the RF signal between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102. In this case, the antenna device 100 may not include the phase shifter 107.

[0096] The calibration network 108 can be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signals fed to the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 using the energy fed from the distribution structure 104 via node N1. The phase relationship (i.e., phase difference) between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 can depend on the amount of directivity boost.

[0097] related Figure 2 For more details on the antenna device 100, please refer to the section on... Figure 1 The description of antenna device 100 and the description of antenna device according to the first aspect of this disclosure.

[0098] Figure 3 Block diagrams of examples of antenna devices according to this disclosure and block diagrams of examples of distributed structures of antenna devices are shown. Figure 3 The antenna device 100 in the middle is Figure 2 Antenna device 100, therefore, Figure 1 and Figure 2 The description accordingly applies to Figure 3 Antenna equipment 100.

[0099] for Figure 3 For the antenna device 100, the phase shifter 107 is only an optional component; therefore, the following description applies regardless of the presence of the phase shifter 107 and regardless of whether the distribution structure 104 is used to provide a phase-shifted RF signal between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102. Therefore, Figure 3 The description also applies to Figure 1 Antenna equipment in the middle. Figure 3 The first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 are shown in block form on the left, representing a double-layer antenna that can be formed from the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102.

[0100] Figure 3 The right side shows an example of one implementation of the distributed structure 104. According to the example shown, the distributed structure 104 is a Wilkinson power divider. The distributed structure 104 is not limited to this; therefore, any other known power divider can be used or can be included. Figure 3As shown, power divider 104 can be used to: (when an RF signal is fed to the first radiating unit 101 and the second radiating unit 102) cause at least a portion of the energy dissipated at power divider 104 (e.g., at resistor R1 of power divider 104) by the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating unit 101 and the second radiating unit 102 to be fed to calibration network 108 via node N1. Power divider 104 can be used to achieve balance between feed point a and feed point b. The first radiating unit 101 and the second radiating unit 102 can be used to provide similar impedance to power divider 104. In the case that power divider 104 is a Wilkinson power divider, resistor R1 can be referred to as Wilkinson resistor R1.

[0101] Figure 4 An example of an antenna device according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 4 The antenna device 200 in the text is an example of an antenna device according to the second aspect of this disclosure. The description of the antenna device according to the second aspect is accordingly applicable to... Figure 4 Antenna equipment 200.

[0102] Figure 4 The antenna device 200 in the diagram can be a broadband antenna device, and / or can be an antenna device suitable for massive multiple input multiple output (mMIMO). For example... Figure 4 As shown, antenna device 200 includes a node N1 for feeding power to calibration network 108. Antenna device 200 includes a first radiating element 101 disposed in a first plane for radiating radio waves in response to an RF signal fed to the first radiating element 101. Antenna device 200 includes a second radiating element 102 disposed in a second plane different from the first plane. The second radiating element 102 is used to feed at least a portion of the energy of the electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 to calibration network 108 via node N1 when an RF signal is fed to the first radiating element 101.

[0103] exist Figure 4 In the diagram, the dashed line L1 represents the boundary between elements belonging to antenna device 200 and elements not belonging to antenna device 200 (i.e., external elements). According to... Figure 4Assuming the calibration network 108 is an external element relative to the antenna device 200, it may be coupled (e.g., electrically connected) to the antenna device 200, for example, coupled to a port of the antenna device 200, to receive energy fed from the second radiating element 102 to node N1. Optionally, the antenna device 200 may include the calibration network 108. The calibration network 108 may be part of the antenna device 200. The calibration network 108 may be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signal fed to the first radiating element 101 using the energy fed from the second radiating element 102 via node N1.

[0104] like Figure 4 As shown, antenna device 200 may include a device for receiving signals from a feed network ( Figure 4 A second node N2 (not shown) receives radio frequency (RF) signals. The feed network can be an external element relative to the antenna device 200, and can be coupled (e.g., electrically connected) to the antenna device 200, for example, connected to a port of the antenna device 200, to feed the RF signal to the second node N2, and then via the second node N2 to the first radiating element 101. Optionally, the antenna device may include a feed network for feeding the second node N2. The first radiating element 101 can be used to receive RF signals from the feed network via the second node N2.

[0105] The feed point of the first radiating element 101, fed by the second node N2, is indicated by reference numeral "a". The feed point of the second radiating element 102, used to feed to node N1, is indicated by reference numeral "b". Coupling between feed point a and feed point b can be minimized to maximize radiation efficiency. The design of the second radiating element 102 should ensure that its impedance effect on the first radiating element 101 is minimized. The second radiating element 102 may be inefficient as a radiator and may be detuned at the operating frequency of the first radiating element 101 used to radiate radio waves. That is, the second radiating element 102 should only be used to absorb a small amount of radio waves radiated by the first radiating element 101.

[0106] like Figure 4 As shown, the antenna device 200 may include a reflector 103 (which may be referred to as an antenna reflector) disposed in a third plane different from the first and second planes. The reflector 203 can be used to reflect radio waves radiated by the first radiating element 101 along the main radiating direction (MRD) in response to an RF signal fed to the first radiating element 101. Figure 4As shown, the main radiating direction (MRD) can be the normal direction away from reflector 103. The normal direction corresponds to... Figure 4 The z-axis direction of the coordinate system shown. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the first plane, the second plane, and the third plane extend along the y-axis and the x-axis, respectively. Therefore, the first radiating element 101, the second radiating element 102, and the reflector 103 extend along the y-axis and the x-axis, respectively.

[0107] like Figure 4 As shown, the first radiating unit 101 and the second radiating unit 102 may each include planar elements disposed in their respective planes. For example, the first radiating unit 101 and the second radiating unit 102 may each include a printed circuit board (PCB) substrate, wherein a radiating structure such as a dipole is defined on the PCB substrate, and the PCB substrate is disposed in a first plane (in the case of the first radiating unit 101) or a second plane (in the case of the second radiating unit 102).

[0108] The reflector 103 may include a planar element disposed in the third plane. For example, the reflector 103 may be a reflective plate disposed in the third plane.

[0109] Figure 4 A schematic side view of the antenna device 200 is shown in the lower right corner with a circle SV. Accordingly, the first radiating element 101, the second radiating element 102, and the reflector 103 can be arranged on a common axis A. The main radiating direction (MRD) is the direction away from the reflector 103 along the common axis A. The first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 can be arranged concentrically on the common axis A. This may mean that the common axis A can pass through the centroid of each radiating element 101, 102. Therefore, the radiating elements 101, 102 of the antenna device 200 can be considered to be co-located.

[0110] The first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 can be stacked on top of each other. Specifically, the radiating elements can be stacked along the normal direction relative to the reflector 103.

[0111] related Figure 4 For further details regarding the antenna device 200, please refer to the description of the antenna device according to the second aspect of this disclosure. Figure 1 The description of the antenna equipment in the text is accordingly applicable Figure 4 Antenna equipment in [the context]. For example, for [the specific type of antenna]. Figure 1 The description of the arrangement and implementation of the first radiating element, the second radiating element, and the reflector of the antenna device in the text is applicable to Figure 4The antenna device in the image consists of a first radiating element, a second radiating element, and a reflector.

[0112] Figure 5 An example of an antenna array according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 5 The antenna array 300 in the image is an example of an antenna array according to the third aspect of this disclosure. The description of the antenna array according to the third aspect is accordingly applicable to... Figure 5 Antenna array 300 in the middle.

[0113] like Figure 5 As shown, the antenna array 300 includes Figure 1 Two or more antenna devices 100. For a description of the two or more antenna devices 100, please refer to the section on... Figure 1 The description of antenna device 100. At least one of two or more antenna devices 100 (optionally each antenna device) can be configured according to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The antenna array 300 may include a common reflector 103 for all two or more antenna devices 100, rather than each antenna device 100 including its own reflector. The description of the reflectors of the antenna devices herein applies accordingly to the common reflector 103. Alternatively, the antenna devices 100 may each include a separate reflector 103, and the reflectors 103 of two or more antenna devices 100 may form the reflector of the antenna array 300.

[0114] related Figure 5 For further details regarding the antenna array, please refer to the description of the antenna array according to the third aspect of this disclosure and... Figures 1 to 3 The description.

[0115] Figure 6 An example of an antenna array according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 6 The antenna array 300 in the image is an example of an antenna array according to the third aspect of this disclosure. The description of the antenna array according to the third aspect is accordingly applicable to... Figure 6 Antenna array 300 in the middle.

[0116] like Figure 6 As shown, the antenna array 300 includes Figure 4 Two or more antenna devices 200. For a description of the two or more antenna devices 200, please refer to the section on... Figure 4The description of antenna device 200 herein. Antenna array 300 may include a common reflector 103 for all two or more antenna devices 200, rather than each antenna device 200 including its own reflector. The description of the reflectors of the antenna devices herein applies accordingly to the common reflector 103. Alternatively, antenna devices 200 may each include a separate reflector 103, and the reflectors 103 of two or more antenna devices 200 may form the reflector of antenna array 300.

[0117] related Figure 6 For further details regarding the antenna array, please refer to the description of the antenna array according to the third aspect of this disclosure and... Figure 4 The description.

[0118] Figure 7 An example of an antenna array according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 7 The antenna array 400 in the image is an example of an antenna array according to the fourth aspect of this disclosure. The description of the antenna array according to the fourth aspect is accordingly applicable to... Figure 7 The antenna array 400 in the middle.

[0119] according to Figure 7 For example, antenna array 400 includes Figure 1 One or more antenna devices 100 and Figure 4 One or more antenna devices 200. For a description of the one or more antenna devices 100, please refer to the description of... Figure 1 The description of antenna device 100 in the document. At least one antenna device in one or more antenna devices 100 (optionally each antenna device) can be configured according to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is implemented according to the description. For a description of one or more antenna devices 200, please refer to the description of... Figure 4 The description of antenna device 200 herein is as follows. Antenna array 400 may include a common reflector 103 for all antenna devices 100, 200 of antenna array 400, rather than each antenna device 100, 200 including its own reflector. The description of the reflectors of the antenna devices herein applies accordingly to the common reflector 103. Alternatively, antenna devices 100, 200 may each include a respective reflector 103, and the reflectors 103 of antenna devices 100, 200 may form the reflectors of antenna array 400.

[0120] related Figure 7 For further details regarding the antenna array, please refer to the description of the antenna array according to the fourth aspect of this disclosure and Figures 1 to 4 The description.

[0121] Figure 8An example of an antenna system according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 8 The antenna system 500 in the example is an example of an antenna system according to the fifth aspect of this disclosure. The description of the antenna system according to the fifth aspect is accordingly applicable to... Figure 8 The antenna system 500 in the middle.

[0122] according to Figure 8 For example, antenna system 500 includes Figure 1 The three antenna devices in the middle are 100. Figure 8 The number of antenna devices shown is merely an example; therefore, antenna system 500 may include... Figure 1 One or more antenna devices 100 in the antenna system 500. The following description applies regardless of the number of antenna devices in the antenna system 500. For a description of one or more antenna devices 100, please refer to the description of... Figure 1 The description of the antenna devices in the document. At least one antenna device (optionally each antenna device) among one or more antenna devices 100 can be configured according to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The antenna system 500 may include a common reflector 103 for all or more antenna devices 100 of the antenna system 500, rather than each antenna device 100 including its own reflector. The description of the reflectors of the antenna devices herein applies accordingly to the common reflector 103. Alternatively, one or more antenna devices 100 may each include a respective reflector 103, and one or more reflectors 103 of one or more antenna devices 100 may form a reflector of the antenna system 500. In the case where the antenna system includes two or more antenna devices 100, the antenna devices 100 may form a reflector according to the description of the antenna system 500. Figure 5 Antenna array.

[0123] Antenna system 500 may include calibration network 108, which is fed by node N1 of each of one or more antenna devices 100. Calibration network 108 may be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signals fed to the first radiating element 101 and the second radiating element 102 of the respective antenna device 100 using the energy fed to calibration network 108 from the distribution structure 104 of the respective antenna device 100 via node N1 of the respective antenna device 100.

[0124] Optionally, the antenna system 500 may include a feed network 109 for feeding corresponding RF signals to a second node N2 of each antenna device 100 for transmission of the corresponding RF signals in the form of radio waves. Therefore, the feed network 109 is used to feed RF signals to the distribution structure 104 of the corresponding antenna device 100 via the second node N2 of each antenna device 100. The antenna system 500 may optionally include a remote radio unit (RRU) 110 coupled (e.g., electrically connected) to the calibration network 108 and the feed network 109. The RRU 110 may be used to control the calibration network 108 and the feed network 109. The RRU 110 may include or may be coupled (e.g., electrically connected) to a baseband unit.

[0125] Optionally, the antenna system 500 may include Figure 4 One or more antenna devices 200. In this case... Figure 9 The description accordingly applies to Figure 8 Antenna system 500. For example, one or more devices 200 can feed calibration network 108 and can be fed by feed network 109, see [link to documentation]. Figure 9 Related descriptions.

[0126] related Figure 8 For further details regarding the antenna system, please refer to the description of the antenna system according to the fifth aspect of this disclosure and Figures 1 to 3 and Figure 5 The description.

[0127] Figure 9 An example of an antenna system according to this disclosure is shown. Figure 9 The antenna system 600 in the example is an example of an antenna system according to the sixth aspect of this disclosure. The description of the antenna system according to the sixth aspect is accordingly applicable to... Figure 9 The antenna system 600 in the middle.

[0128] according to Figure 9 For example, antenna system 600 includes Figure 5 The three antenna devices in the middle are 200. Figure 9 The number of antenna devices shown is merely an example; therefore, antenna system 600 may include... Figure 4 One or more antenna devices 200 in the antenna system 600. The following description applies regardless of the number of antenna devices in the antenna system 600. For a description of one or more antenna devices 200, please refer to the description of... Figure 4The description of the antenna devices herein. Antenna system 600 may include a common reflector 103 for all or more antenna devices 200 of antenna system 600, rather than each antenna device 200 including its own reflector. The description of the reflectors of the antenna devices herein applies accordingly to the common reflector 103. Alternatively, one or more antenna devices 200 may each include a respective reflector 103, and one or more reflectors 103 of one or more antenna devices 200 may form a reflector of antenna system 600. In the case where antenna system 600 includes two or more antenna devices 100, the antenna devices 200 may form a reflector according to Figure 6 Antenna array.

[0129] Antenna system 600 may include calibration network 108, which is fed by node N1 of each of one or more antenna devices 200. Calibration network 108 may be used to adjust the amplitude and / or phase of the RF signal fed to the first radiating element 101 of the respective antenna device 200 using energy fed from the second radiating element 102 of the respective antenna device 200 via node N1 of the respective antenna device 200.

[0130] Optionally, the antenna system 600 may include a feed network 109 for feeding corresponding RF signals to a second node N2 of each antenna device 200 for transmission of the corresponding RF signals in the form of radio waves. Therefore, the feed network 109 is used to feed RF signals to the first radiating element 101 of the corresponding antenna device 200 via the second node N2 of each antenna device 200. The antenna system 600 may optionally include a remote radio unit (RRU) 110 coupled (e.g., electrically connected) to the calibration network 108 and the feed network 109. The RRU 110 may be used to control the calibration network 108 and the feed network 109. The RRU 110 may include or may be coupled (e.g., electrically connected) to a baseband unit.

[0131] Optionally, the antenna system 600 may include Figure 1 One or more antenna devices 100. In this case... Figure 8 The description accordingly applies to Figure 9 Antenna system 600. For example, one or more devices 100 can feed a calibration network 108 and can be fed by a feed network 109, see [link to documentation]. Figure 8 Related descriptions.

[0132] related Figure 9 For further details regarding the antenna system, please refer to the description of the antenna system according to the sixth aspect of this disclosure and Figure 4 and Figure 6 The description.

[0133] This disclosure has been described in conjunction with various embodiments as examples and implementations. However, based on a study of the drawings, this disclosure, and the independent claims, those skilled in the art will understand and implement other variations when carrying out the claimed subject matter. In the claims and the description, the word "comprising" does not exclude other elements or steps, and the indefinite articles "a" or "an" do not exclude a plurality. A single element or other unit can perform the function of several entities or items described in the claims. The enumeration of certain measures in dissimilar dependent claims does not imply that a combination of these measures cannot be effectively used in advantageous implementations.

Claims

1. An antenna device (100), characterized by comprises: a node (N1) for feeding a calibration network (108); a first radiating element (101) arranged in a first plane for radiating radio waves in response to a radio frequency, RF, signal fed to the first radiating element (101); a second radiating element (102) arranged in a second plane different from the first plane, wherein the second radiating element (102) is for radiating radio waves in response to the RF signal fed to the second radiating element (102); the antenna device (100) comprises a distribution structure (104) for: feeding the RF signal to the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) by providing an amplitude distribution of the RF signal between the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102); feeding, via the node (N1), at least a portion of energy of electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) to the calibration network (108) when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102).

2. The antenna device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the distribution structure (104) is for providing the RF signal with a phase shift between the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102); or the antenna device (100) comprises a phase shifter (107) arranged between the distribution structure (104) and the first radiating element (101) or the second radiating element (102), wherein the phase shifter (107) is for providing the RF signal with a phase shift between the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102).

3. The antenna device (100) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the antenna device (100) comprises the calibration network (108); the calibration network (108) is for adjusting an amplitude and / or a phase of the RF signal fed to the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) with energy fed from the distribution structure (104) to the calibration network via the node (N1).

4. The antenna device (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the antenna device (100) comprises a reflector (103) arranged in a third plane different from the first plane and the second plane; The reflector (103) is configured to reflect radio waves radiated by the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) in a main radiation direction in response to the RF signal fed to the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102).

5. The antenna device (100) according to claim 4, characterized in that the first radiating element (101), the second radiating element (102) and the reflector (103) are arranged on a common axis (A); the main radiation direction is a direction away from the reflector (103) along the common axis (A).

6. An antenna device (200), characterized by comprises: a node (N1) for feeding a calibration network (108); a first radiating element (101) arranged in a first plane for radiating radio waves in response to an RF signal fed to the first radiating element (101); a second radiating element (102) arranged in a second plane different from the first plane, wherein the second radiating element (102) is configured to feed at least a portion of energy of an electromagnetic coupling between the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) to the calibration network (108) via the node (N1) when the RF signal is fed to the first radiating element (101).

7. The antenna device (200) according to claim 6, characterized in that the antenna device (200) comprises the calibration network (108); the calibration network (108) is configured to adjust an amplitude and / or a phase of the RF signal fed to the first radiating element (101) with energy fed from the second radiating element (102) to the calibration network (108) via the node (N1).

8. The antenna device (200) according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the antenna device (200) comprises a reflector (103) arranged in a third plane different from the first plane and the second plane; the reflector (103) is configured to reflect radio waves radiated by the first radiating element (101) in a main radiation direction in response to the RF signal fed to the first radiating element (101).

9. The antenna device (200) according to claim 8, characterized in that the first radiating element (101), the second radiating element (102) and the reflector (103) are arranged on a common axis (A); the main radiation direction is a direction away from the reflector (103) along the common axis (A).

10. The antenna device (100, 200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) are arranged on a common axis (A).

11. The antenna device (100, 200) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) are arranged on a common axis (A). The first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) are mutually stacked.

12. The antenna device (100, 200) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that, The first radiating element (101) and the second radiating element (102) comprise a dipole, respectively.

13. An antenna array (300) characterized by Comprising: two or more antenna devices (100) according to any of claims 1 to 5 and any of claims 10 to 12 dependent on any of claims 1 to 5; or two or more antenna devices (200) according to any of claims 6 to 9 and any of claims 10 to 12 dependent on any of claims 6 to 9.

14. An antenna array (400) characterized by Comprising: one or more antenna devices (100) according to any of claims 1 to 5 and any of claims 10 to 12 dependent on any of claims 1 to 5; one or more antenna devices (200) according to any of claims 6 to 9 and any of claims 10 to 12 dependent on any of claims 6 to 9.

15. An antenna system (500), characterized by Comprising: one or more antenna devices (100) according to any of claims 1, 2, 4 and 5 and any of claims 10 to 12 dependent on any of claims 1, 2, 4 and 5; a calibration network (108) for feeding by the node (N1) of each of the one or more antenna devices.

16. An antenna system (600), characterized by Comprising: one or more antenna devices (200) according to any of claims 6, 8 and 9 and any of claims 10 to 12 dependent on any of claims 6, 8 and 9; a calibration network (108) for feeding by the node (N1) of each of the one or more antenna devices.

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