Negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field

Abstract

The application belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a negative pressure wound dressing system based on an alternating pulse electric field. The system comprises a dressing system main controller, a directional electric field dressing and a heart rate monitoring sensor. The main controller comprises an alternating pulse generator and two pulse current circuits, which are connected to a first electrode and a second electrode on the dressing respectively. The core technology is that the system controls the alternating pulse generator to periodically switch the current direction between the two pulse current circuits according to the heart rate value measured by the heart rate monitoring sensor, so as to dynamically change the application direction of the alternating pulse electric field applied to the wound. The system can realize adaptive switching of the electric field direction according to the physiological state (such as rest / activity) of the patient, and can optionally integrate a negative pressure drainage function. The dressing system provided by the application can provide dynamic electric stimulation more in line with the individual physiological rhythm, and aims to realize intelligent and personalized wound treatment to promote tissue repair.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of intelligent wound medical equipment technology, specifically to a negative pressure wound dressing system based on an alternating pulse electric field. Background Technology

[0002] Skin and soft tissue injuries are among the most common types of trauma in clinical practice. The treatment of chronic, non-healing wounds (such as diabetic foot ulcers and pressure injuries) remains a significant clinical challenge. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT), by applying controlled local negative pressure, can effectively drain exudate, reduce tissue edema, and promote granulation tissue growth, and has become an important treatment method for such wounds.

[0003] Further research has shown that bioelectric signals play a crucial role in tissue repair. After skin injury, an endogenous electric field ("damage current") is spontaneously generated, which can directionally guide epithelial cells, fibroblasts, and other cells to migrate to the wound surface and promote angiogenesis and neurogenesis. Based on this, "negative pressure electric field dressings," which combine exogenous electrical stimulation with negative pressure technology, have emerged. These dressings apply stable electrical stimulation to the wound surface, aiming to simulate and enhance the biological effects of the endogenous electric field, thereby actively promoting the repair process at the cellular level while simultaneously providing physical drainage.

[0004] However, existing negative pressure electric field dressing systems still have room for optimization. First, their electrical stimulation modes are mostly direct current electric fields with constant direction and intensity. This static stimulation mode differs from the complex and dynamic physiological electrical environment in the human body, and may not be able to optimally regulate various repair cells with different electrical responses. Furthermore, long-term unidirectional stimulation may lead to a decrease in cell adaptability, affecting the structural regularity and mechanical strength of newly formed tissues.

[0005] Secondly, and more importantly, existing systems generally lack intelligent coordination with the individual patient's physiological state and natural rhythms. The body's repair process is profoundly regulated by the circadian rhythm; the activity, migration ability, and secretory function of key repair cells (such as fibroblasts) all exhibit diurnal fluctuations. Simultaneously, an individual's real-time physiological state (such as whether they are active or resting) is directly reflected through indicators like heart rate, affecting tissue metabolism and repair capabilities. Current electrical stimulation therapy protocols mostly use preset, fixed parameters or are simply switched based on a schedule, failing to respond in real-time to changes in the user's physiological signals or deeply integrate with the individual's biological clock and daily routine. Therefore, the treatment lacks individualization, precision, and physiological friendliness, failing to fully realize the therapeutic potential of electrical stimulation.

[0006] In conclusion, developing a negative pressure electric field dressing system that can dynamically adjust the stimulation mode and intelligently sense and adapt to the individual physiological rhythms and real-time status of patients has significant clinical significance and application value for improving the efficacy, comfort, and individualization of chronic wound treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulse electric fields that is more in line with individual physiological rhythms and can promote tissue repair.

[0008] A wound dressing system based on an alternating pulsed electric field includes: a dressing system main controller, a directional electric field dressing, and a heart rate monitoring sensor. The dressing system main controller includes an alternating pulse generator for switching the current direction and a first pulse current line and a second pulse current line connected to the alternating pulse generator. The directional electric field dressing includes a first electrode and a second electrode. The first pulse current line is connected to the first electrode, and the second pulse current line is connected to the second electrode. The heart rate monitoring sensor is electrically connected to the dressing system main controller. The dressing system main controller controls the alternating pulse generator to periodically switch the current direction according to the heart rate value measured by the heart rate monitoring sensor, thereby changing the application direction of the alternating pulsed electric field.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0010] The main controller of the dressing system is configured to: when the heart rate value drops to a first set threshold and is maintained for a first preset duration, control the alternating pulse generator to switch the current direction to a first direction; when the heart rate value rises to a second set threshold and is maintained for a second preset duration, control the alternating pulse generator to switch the current direction to a second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0011] The main controller of the dressing system is configured to determine whether to switch the current direction based on the heart rate value and the current time. Specifically, when the heart rate value drops to a first set threshold within a first time window, the controller switches to the first direction; when the heart rate value rises to a second set threshold within a second time window, the controller switches to the second direction opposite to the first direction.

[0012] The first time window corresponds to a preset morning time period, and the second time window corresponds to a preset nighttime sleep time period.

[0013] The alternating pulse generator includes a power supply and a controllable switching circuit. The controllable switching circuit is used to periodically switch the connection relationship between the positive and negative terminals of the power supply and the first pulse current line and the second pulse current line.

[0014] The controllable switching circuit includes a common power supply and four controllable switches (S1, S2, S3, S4). One end of the first switch is connected to the positive terminal of the common power supply, and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line. One end of the second switch is connected to the positive terminal of the common power supply, and the other end is connected to the second pulse current line. One end of the third switch is connected to the negative terminal of the common power supply, and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line. One end of the fourth switch is connected to the negative terminal of the common power supply, and the other end is connected to the second pulse current line. The first and fourth switches are switched on and off synchronously, as are the second and third switches. Furthermore, the switching signals of the first and fourth switches and the second and third switches are complementary.

[0015] The controllable switch circuit includes a first power supply, a second power supply, and two controllable switches; wherein, one end of the first switch is connected to the positive terminal of the first power supply and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line, the negative terminal of the first power supply is connected to the second pulse current line, one end of the second switch is connected to the negative terminal of the second power supply and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line, the positive terminal of the second power supply is connected to the second pulse current line, and the on / off signals of the first switch and the second switch are complementary.

[0016] The directional electric field dressing also includes an absorbent material layer, and the first electrode and the second electrode are disposed in the absorbent material layer or attached to its surface.

[0017] The absorbent material layer is a polyurethane sponge, the first electrode is disposed in the central region of the polyurethane sponge, and the second electrode is disposed in the edge region of the polyurethane sponge.

[0018] The first electrode is a sheet electrode, and the second electrode is a ring electrode.

[0019] The first electrode and the second electrode are both disposed on the same side surface of the liquid-absorbing material layer, and are arranged opposite to each other and spaced apart on a plane.

[0020] Both the first electrode and the second electrode are comb-shaped, and the comb teeth are alternately spaced.

[0021] The system also includes a negative pressure drainage unit, which includes a negative pressure drainage device and a negative pressure drainage conduit; the directional electric field dressing also includes a water-resistant and breathable membrane covering the back side of the absorbent material layer; one end of the negative pressure drainage conduit is connected to the absorbent material layer or the water-resistant and breathable membrane, and the other end is connected to the negative pressure drainage device for negative pressure drainage of the wound; the change of the alternating pulse electric field is independent of the operation of the negative pressure drainage unit.

[0022] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric fields of this invention integrates a heart rate monitoring sensor and configures the dressing system's main controller to control the alternating pulse generator to periodically switch the current direction according to the real-time heart rate value. This system is the first to use the core physiological signal (heart rate) that reflects the patient's real-time metabolic and activity state as a direct regulation parameter of the electrical stimulation mode. This feature transforms electrical stimulation therapy from a static, preset mode to an intelligent mode that can dynamically respond to and adapt to the patient's individual immediate physiological state, providing a core mechanism for achieving individualized and adaptive treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the dressing system of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the alternating pulse generator in an embodiment of the dressing system of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive signal of the alternating pulse generator in an embodiment of the dressing system of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the alternating pulse generator for another embodiment of the dressing system.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the drive signal for an alternating pulse generator in another embodiment of the dressing system.

[0029] Figure 6A This is a schematic diagram of the electrode layout in an embodiment of the dressing system of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6B This is a schematic diagram of the electrode layout for another embodiment of the dressing system.

[0031] Figure 6C This is a schematic diagram of the electrode layout for another embodiment of the dressing system.

[0032] The labels in the diagram represent:

[0033] 1. Dressing system main controller; 11. Alternating pulse generator; 12. First pulse current circuit; 13. Second pulse current circuit; 2. Directional electric field dressing; 21. First electrode; 22. Second electrode; 23. Water-resistant and breathable membrane; 24. Absorbent material layer; 3. Heart rate monitoring sensor; 4. Negative pressure drainage device; 41. Negative pressure drainage catheter; B0. Common power supply; B1. First power supply; B2. Second power supply; S1. First switch; S2. Second switch; S3. Third switch; S4. Fourth switch. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field in this embodiment includes: a dressing system main controller 1, a directional electric field dressing 2, and a heart rate monitoring sensor 3. The dressing system main controller 1 includes an alternating pulse generator 11 for switching the current direction, and a first pulse current line 12 and a second pulse current line 13 connected to the alternating pulse generator 11. The directional electric field dressing 2 includes a first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22. The first pulse current line 12 is connected to the first electrode 21, and the second pulse current line 13 is connected to the second electrode 22. The heart rate monitoring sensor 3 is electrically connected to the dressing system main controller 1. The dressing system main controller 1 controls the alternating pulse generator 11 to periodically switch the current direction according to the heart rate value measured by the heart rate monitoring sensor 3, so as to change the application direction of the alternating pulsed electric field. Working principle: After the system is started, the directional electric field dressing 2 is attached to the wound, and the alternating pulse generator 11 starts to work, establishing a pulsed current path on the wound tissue through the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22. Meanwhile, the heart rate monitoring sensor 3 continuously monitors the patient's heart rate. The control unit receives the heart rate data and executes the core control algorithm: based on the real-time heart rate value, it generates a control signal and sends it to the alternating pulse generator 11, instructing it to periodically switch the current direction between the first pulse current line 12 and the second pulse current line 13, thereby dynamically changing the vector direction of the alternating pulse electric field applied to the wound surface.

[0036] The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric fields of this invention integrates a heart rate monitoring sensor 3 and configures the dressing system main controller 1 to control the alternating pulse generator 11 to periodically switch the current direction according to the real-time heart rate value. This system is the first to use the core physiological signal (heart rate) that reflects the patient's real-time metabolic and activity status as a direct control parameter for the electrical stimulation mode. This feature transforms electrical stimulation therapy from a static, preset mode to an intelligent mode that can dynamically respond to and adapt to the patient's individual immediate physiological state, providing a core mechanism for achieving individualized and adaptive treatment.

[0037] In this embodiment, the main controller 1 of the dressing system is configured to: when the heart rate drops to a first preset threshold and is maintained for a first preset duration, control the alternating pulse generator 11 to switch the current direction to a first direction; when the heart rate rises to a second preset threshold and is maintained for a second preset duration, control the alternating pulse generator 11 to switch the current direction to a second direction opposite to the first direction. By setting a heart rate threshold and introducing a preset duration maintenance condition as a switching trigger mechanism, a "state stability criterion" is added to the heart rate-based control logic. This can effectively filter out instantaneous heart rate changes caused by brief activities, emotional fluctuations, or measurement interference, ensuring that the switching of the electric field direction is based on a decision made after the patient has entered a relatively stable resting or active state. This improves the accuracy and physiological rationality of treatment mode switching and avoids unnecessary frequent switching.

[0038] This embodiment provides a specific example as follows: the first preset threshold is set to HR < 65 bpm, the second preset threshold is set to HR > 80 bpm, the first preset duration is set to 15 minutes, and the second preset duration is set to 10 minutes. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0039] Switching to a positive electric field: The control unit continuously monitors the heart rate. When the heart rate drops to a first preset threshold (65 bpm), a timer is started. Only when the heart rate remains at or below this threshold for a first preset duration (15 minutes) does the control unit determine that the patient has entered a stable resting state, and then sends a command to the alternating pulse generator 11 to switch the current direction to the first direction (positive).

[0040] Switching to the reverse electric field: Similarly, when the heart rate value is detected to rise to the second preset threshold (80 bpm), another timer is started. Only when the high heart rate state continues for the second preset duration (10 minutes) is it determined to be a stable activity state, and the control switches to the second direction (reverse).

[0041] This "delayed triggering" mechanism effectively avoids accidental switching of the electric field caused by transient heart rate changes due to brief turning over, coughing, or emotional fluctuations, ensuring the stability and accuracy of treatment mode changes.

[0042] In other embodiments, the main controller 1 of the dressing system can also be configured to: determine whether to switch the current direction based on the heart rate value and the current time; specifically, when the heart rate value drops to a first preset threshold within a first time window, control the switch to the first direction; when the heart rate value rises to a second preset threshold within a second time window, control the switch to the second direction opposite to the first direction. The first time window corresponds to a preset morning time period, and the second time window corresponds to a preset nighttime sleep time period. By combining heart rate changes with specific time windows (such as morning and night) as joint judgment conditions, the system further incorporates the general human circadian rhythm in addition to responding to real-time physiological signals. This makes the switching of the electric field direction not only dependent on the immediate state but also synchronized with the overall rhythmic trend of the patient's expected daytime activities and nighttime rest, enhancing the synergy and predictability between the treatment process and the patient's natural lifestyle.

[0043] For example, if the first threshold is set to HR < 65 bpm, the second threshold is set to HR > 80 bpm, the first time window is set to 22:00 to 0:00 the next day, and the second time window is set to 6:00 to 8:00 in the morning, then the specific operation process is as follows:

[0044] The control unit not only monitors the heart rate, but also combines time information for control. Within the first time window (night), if the heart rate value is detected to drop from the higher level during the day to and stabilize at the first set threshold (such as 60 bpm, corresponding to entering the sleep state), the control unit determines that the night rest period has begun and controls the electric field to switch to the reverse.

[0045] Within the second time window (morning), if the heart rate value is detected to rise from a lower level at night to and stabilize at a second set threshold (e.g., 82 bpm, corresponding to the awake state upon waking), the control unit determines that it has entered the morning transition period and switches the control electric field to the positive direction.

[0046] This approach enables electric field switching not only to be based on real-time physiological signals but also to be coordinated with the natural human circadian rhythm, thus enhancing the physiological friendliness of the treatment.

[0047] In this embodiment, the alternating pulse generator 11 includes a power supply and a controllable switching circuit. The controllable switching circuit is used to periodically switch the connection between the positive and negative terminals of the power supply and the first pulse current line 12 and the second pulse current line 13. By adopting a general architecture that includes a power supply and a controllable switching circuit to implement the alternating pulse generator 11, a reliable and flexible hardware foundation is provided for the periodic switching of the current direction. This architecture allows for precise control of the electric field direction and switching frequency by controlling the on / off logic of the switch, and is the key physical platform upon which the aforementioned intelligent control strategy depends.

[0048] like Figure 2As shown, in this embodiment, the controllable switch circuit includes a common power supply B0 and four controllable switches S1, S2, S3, and S4. One end of the first switch S1 is connected to the positive terminal of the common power supply B0, and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line 12. One end of the second switch S2 is connected to the positive terminal of the common power supply B0, and the other end is connected to the second pulse current line 13. One end of the third switch S3 is connected to the negative terminal of the common power supply B0, and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line 12. One end of the fourth switch S4 is connected to the negative terminal of the common power supply B0, and the other end is connected to the second pulse current line 13. The first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are switched on and off synchronously, as are the second switch S2 and the third switch S3. Furthermore, the switching signals of the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are complementary to those of the second switch S2 and the third switch S3.

[0049] like Figure 3 As shown, the dressing system main controller 1 generates two complementary drive signals:

[0050] Drive signal A simultaneously controls the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 to conduct, while the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 are turned off. The current path is as follows: common power supply B0 positive terminal → first switch S1 → first pulse current line 12 → first electrode 21 → wound tissue → second electrode 22 → second pulse current line 13 → fourth switch S4 → common power supply B0 negative terminal, forming a positive current.

[0051] Drive signal B simultaneously controls the second switch S2 and the third switch S3 to conduct, while the first switch S1 and the fourth switch S4 are turned off. The current path becomes: common power supply B0 positive terminal → second switch S2 → second pulse current line 13 → second electrode 22 → wound tissue → first electrode 21 → first pulse current line 12 → third switch S3 → common power supply B0 negative terminal, forming a reverse current.

[0052] By alternately outputting drive signals A and B, an alternating pulse electric field can be generated on the wound surface. The alternating frequency and switching cycle can be adjusted by programming the main controller 1 of the dressing system.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, in other embodiments, the controllable switch circuit can also be configured to include a first power supply B1, a second power supply B2, and two controllable switches S1 and S2; wherein one end of the first switch S1 is connected to the positive terminal of the first power supply B1, and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line 12, the negative terminal of the first power supply B1 is connected to the second pulse current line 13, one end of the second switch S2 is connected to the negative terminal of the second power supply B2, and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line 12, the positive terminal of the second power supply B2 is connected to the second pulse current line 13, and the on / off signals of the first switch S1 and the second switch S2 are complementary.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, the dressing system main controller 1 generates two complementary drive signals:

[0055] Drive signal C controls the first switch S1 to turn on and the second switch S2 to turn off. At this time, the first power supply B1 is connected to the circuit, and the current path is: positive terminal of first power supply B1 → first switch S1 → first pulse current line 12 → first electrode 21 → wound tissue → second electrode 22 → second pulse current line 13 → negative terminal of first power supply B1, forming a positive current.

[0056] Drive signal D controls the second switch S2 to turn on and the first switch S1 to turn off. At this time, the second power supply B2 is connected to the circuit, and the current path is: positive terminal of second power supply B2 → second pulse current line 13 → second electrode 22 → wound tissue → first electrode 21 → first pulse current line 12 → second switch S2 → negative terminal of second power supply B2, forming a reverse current.

[0057] This solution also achieves alternating current direction, and the two power supplies can be configured independently, providing design flexibility.

[0058] like Figure 6A As shown, in this embodiment, the directional electric field dressing 2 further includes an absorbent material layer 24. A first electrode 21 and a second electrode 22 are disposed within or attached to the surface of the absorbent material layer 24. The absorbent material layer 24 is a polyurethane sponge. The first electrode 21 is disposed in the central region of the polyurethane sponge, and the second electrode 22 is disposed in the edge region of the polyurethane sponge. The first electrode 21 is a sheet electrode, and the second electrode 22 is a ring electrode. This arrangement generates an approximately radial electric field radiating (or conversely) from the center outwards, suitable for circular or near-circular wounds, and beneficial for guiding centripetal cell migration. By defining the directional electric field dressing 2 as including the absorbent material layer 24 and placing the electrodes within or on its surface, stable electrical contact is ensured between the electrodes and the wound tissue through the absorbent material. This allows the absorbent material layer 24 to absorb wound exudate, forming an ion-conducting pathway, while avoiding potential damage or irritation from direct contact between the electrodes and tissue, thus improving the safety and comfort of treatment.

[0059] like Figure 6B As shown, in other embodiments, both the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 can be elongated and arranged parallel to each other on the same side of the polyurethane sponge (the side in contact with the wound), with a certain gap between them. This arrangement generates a transverse electric field on the wound surface between the two electrodes, which is suitable for linear or strip-shaped wounds that need to promote the crawling of epithelial cells in a specific direction.

[0060] like Figure 6CAs shown, in other embodiments, both the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are made into multiple parallel comb-like teeth. The comb teeth are arranged alternately and at equal intervals on the plane, forming a "finger-crossing" structure. This layout can generate a uniform, dense, and directionally staggered spatial electric field throughout the entire area covered by the dressing, making it particularly suitable for large, irregular, or complex wounds requiring multi-directional cell guidance.

[0061] In this embodiment, the system also includes a negative pressure drainage unit, which includes a negative pressure drainage device 4 and a negative pressure drainage conduit 41; the directional electric field dressing 2 also includes a water-resistant and breathable membrane 23 covering the back side of the absorbent material layer 24, one end of the negative pressure drainage conduit 41 is connected to the absorbent material layer 24 or the water-resistant and breathable membrane 23, and the other end is connected to the negative pressure drainage device 4 for negative pressure drainage of the wound; the change of the alternating pulse electric field is independent of the operation of the negative pressure drainage unit, the water-resistant and breathable membrane 23 ensures the sealing of the dressing under negative pressure environment, and its breathability ensures the necessary oxygen exchange of the wound.

[0062] The working modes are as follows:

[0063] Collaborative working mode: The negative pressure drainage device 4 is activated, applying constant or intermittent negative pressure (e.g., -125 mmHg) to the wound through the negative pressure drainage catheter 41 and polyurethane sponge to continuously drain exudate. Simultaneously, the heart rate monitoring-based electrical stimulation system operates independently as described in the previous embodiment, applying an alternating pulsed electric field. The two treatment modes physically coexist, function in parallel, and do not interfere with each other.

[0064] Independent operating mode: The negative pressure drainage function or the electrical stimulation function can be activated independently according to clinical needs. The key point is that the generation and direction switching of the electric field are completely determined by the heart rate signal and the logic of the dressing system's main controller 1, and do not depend on whether the negative pressure system is turned on or its operating parameters.

[0065] By introducing an independent negative pressure drainage unit and integrating it with the directional electric field dressing 2, the synergy of two treatment modes—electric stimulation and physical drainage—is achieved. Furthermore, it is explicitly stated that changes in the electric field mode are independent of the operation of the negative pressure drainage function. This means that the two treatment modes can work together without interfering with each other in terms of control, allowing for independent adjustment or use of one function alone according to clinical needs, thus improving the system's flexibility and adaptability.

[0066] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A negative pressure wound dressing system based on an alternating pulsed electric field, characterized in that, include: The dressing system includes a main controller (1), a directional electric field dressing (2), and a heart rate monitoring sensor (3). The main controller (1) includes an alternating pulse generator (11) for switching the current direction and a first pulse current line (12) and a second pulse current line (13) connected to the alternating pulse generator (11). The directional electric field dressing (2) includes a first electrode (21) and a second electrode (22). The first pulse current line (12) is connected to the first electrode (21), and the second pulse current line (13) is connected to the second electrode (22). The heart rate monitoring sensor (3) is connected to the main controller (1). 1) Electrical signal connection: The main controller (1) of the dressing system controls the alternating pulse generator (11) to periodically switch the current direction according to the heart rate value measured by the heart rate monitoring sensor (3) in order to change the application direction of the alternating pulse electric field. The main controller (1) of the dressing system is configured to: when the heart rate value drops to a first set threshold and is maintained for a first preset duration, control the alternating pulse generator (11) to switch the current direction to the first direction; when the heart rate value rises to a second set threshold and is maintained for a second preset duration, control the alternating pulse generator (11) to switch the current direction to the second direction opposite to the first direction.

2. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller (1) of the dressing system is configured to determine whether to switch the current direction based on the heart rate value and the current time. Specifically, when the heart rate value drops to a first set threshold within a first time window, the controller switches to the first direction; when the heart rate value rises to a second set threshold within a second time window, the controller switches to the second direction opposite to the first direction.

3. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first time window corresponds to a preset morning time period, and the second time window corresponds to a preset nighttime sleep time period.

4. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on an alternating pulsed electric field according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The alternating pulse generator (11) includes a power supply and a controllable switching circuit. The controllable switching circuit is used to periodically switch the connection relationship between the positive and negative terminals of the power supply and the first pulse current line (12) and the second pulse current line (13).

5. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field according to claim 4, characterized in that, The controllable switching circuit includes a common power supply (B0) and four controllable switches (S1, S2, S3, S4). One end of the first switch (S1) is connected to the positive terminal of the common power supply (B0), and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line (12). One end of the second switch (S2) is connected to the positive terminal of the common power supply (B0), and the other end is connected to the second pulse current line (13). One end of the third switch (S3) is connected to the negative terminal of the common power supply (B0), and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line (12). One end of the fourth switch (S4) is connected to the negative terminal of the common power supply (B0), and the other end is connected to the second pulse current line (13). The first switch (S1) and the fourth switch (S4) are switched on and off synchronously, and the second switch (S2) and the third switch (S3) are switched on and off synchronously. The switching signals of the first switch (S1) and the fourth switch (S4) and the second switch (S2) and the third switch (S3) are complementary.

6. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field according to claim 4, characterized in that, The controllable switching circuit includes a first power supply (B1), a second power supply (B2), and two controllable switches (S1, S2); wherein, one end of the first switch (S1) is connected to the positive terminal of the first power supply (B1), and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line (12), the negative terminal of the first power supply (B1) is connected to the second pulse current line (13), one end of the second switch (S2) is connected to the negative terminal of the second power supply (B2), and the other end is connected to the first pulse current line (12), the positive terminal of the second power supply (B2) is connected to the second pulse current line (13), and the on / off signals of the first switch (S1) and the second switch (S2) are complementary.

7. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on an alternating pulsed electric field according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The directional electric field dressing (2) further includes an absorbent material layer (24), wherein the first electrode (21) and the second electrode (22) are disposed in the absorbent material layer (24) or attached to its surface.

8. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field according to claim 7, characterized in that, The absorbent material layer (24) is a polyurethane sponge, the first electrode (21) is disposed in the central region of the polyurethane sponge, and the second electrode (22) is disposed in the edge region of the polyurethane sponge.

9. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first electrode (21) is a sheet electrode, and the second electrode (22) is a ring electrode.

10. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field according to claim 7, characterized in that, The first electrode (21) and the second electrode (22) are both disposed on the same side surface of the liquid-absorbing material layer (24) and are disposed opposite to each other and spaced apart on the plane.

11. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field according to claim 7, characterized in that, Both the first electrode (21) and the second electrode (22) are comb-shaped, and the comb teeth are alternately spaced.

12. The negative pressure wound dressing system based on alternating pulsed electric field according to claim 7, characterized in that, The system also includes a negative pressure drainage unit, which includes a negative pressure drainage device (4) and a negative pressure drainage conduit (41); the directional electric field dressing (2) also includes a water-resistant and breathable membrane (23) covering the back of the absorbent material layer (24); one end of the negative pressure drainage conduit (41) is connected to the absorbent material layer (24) or the water-resistant and breathable membrane (23), and the other end is connected to the negative pressure drainage device (4) for negative pressure drainage of the wound; the change of the alternating pulse electric field is independent of the operation of the negative pressure drainage unit.

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