Dry desulfurization double-fluid strong rotational flow spray gun
By designing a dry desulfurization dual-fluid high-pressure cyclone spray gun and utilizing a cyclone separator and jacket heating structure, the problems of uneven diffusion and clogging of the desulfurizing agent were solved, achieving efficient desulfurization and low-cost operation.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-15
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing dry desulfurization injection systems, the desulfurizing agent particles move in bundles, resulting in poor diffusion and inability to mix evenly with the flue gas, leading to poor desulfurization performance. Furthermore, the desulfurizing agent is prone to moisture absorption and clogging, resulting in high equipment maintenance costs.
A dry desulfurization dual-fluid high-intensity swirling spray gun is designed, which adopts a jacket structure and a swirler to form a strong swirling field. The mixing of desulfurizing agent and flue gas is enhanced by swirling blades and a porous distribution plate. Combined with jacket heating, the activity of desulfurizing agent is improved and clogging is prevented.
It significantly improves desulfurization efficiency, increases the diffusion range and mixing uniformity of desulfurizing agents, reduces operating and maintenance costs, and prevents equipment blockage.
Smart Images
Figure CN121623533A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of flue gas purification and treatment, and particularly relates to a dry desulfurization double-fluid strong cyclone spray gun. BACKGROUND
[0002] At present, flue gas desulfurization technologies are mainly divided into wet desulfurization, semi-dry desulfurization and dry desulfurization. The wet desulfurization has high operation and maintenance cost, produces waste water and solid waste, and is easy to cause secondary pollution. The semi-dry desulfurization is limited in application due to strict reaction conditions, limited adaptability, high operation and maintenance requirements and other reasons. The dry desulfurization is to realize flue gas desulfurization through gas-solid phase reaction, and has the advantages of simple system structure, waste water and waste gas production, and easy resource utilization of by-products. One of the key factors affecting the efficiency of dry desulfurization is the activity and residence time of the desulfurizing agent, therefore, it is particularly important to improve the activity of the desulfurizing agent and the full mixing and rapid reaction of the desulfurizing agent and flue gas.
[0003] Generally, the injection system of the dry desulfurization adopts a pipeline type spray gun. In actual application, the particle motion trajectory of the desulfurizing agent presents a beam shape, the diffusion effect is poor, the desulfurizing agent cannot be uniformly mixed with the flue gas, and the desulfurization effect is poor. In addition, the desulfurizing agent in the spray gun is easy to absorb moisture and deliquesce, causing blockage and reducing the activity of the desulfurizing agent.
[0004] In actual application, a mixing device and a heating device are usually arranged in the flue. The mixing device has a complex structure and large steel consumption, and the heating device has large energy consumption. SUMMARY
[0005] The present application provides a dry desulfurization double-fluid strong cyclone spray gun to solve the problems in the prior art.
[0006] The technical solution of the present application is as follows: a dry desulfurization double-fluid strong cyclone spray gun, comprising a first pipeline and a second pipeline; the first pipeline is welded by an elbow, a straight pipe section and a right-angle elbow; the second pipeline is coaxial with the first pipeline, the second pipeline is nested into the first pipeline and penetrates outwards at the elbow of the first pipeline; a jacket structure is formed between the first pipeline and the second pipeline; a third pipeline is arranged in the annular gap of the jacket of the first pipeline and the second pipeline at the end of the right-angle elbow of the first pipeline; and a cyclone device is arranged in the second pipeline at the end of the right-angle elbow.
[0007] According to the embodiment of the present application, the end of the third pipeline is connected to a short pipe bent towards the axis of the spray gun, the bending angle is 30°, and a multi-hole distribution plate is arranged at the end of the short pipe.
[0008] According to the embodiment of the present application, the cyclone device is composed of multiple groups of axial cyclone blades for converting the fluidized gas of the desulfurizing agent into a cyclone field; the number of the cyclone blades is 6 or 8, the twist angle of the blades is 45°±2°, the width of the blades is 30±0.5mm, and the ratio of the thickness to the chord length of the blades is 1:10.
[0009] According to the embodiment of the present application, the first pipe elbow section is an inlet end, the right-angle elbow section is an outlet end, the first pipe inlet end is connected to the hot air pipe through a first flange; the first pipe outlet end is connected to a diffusion horn mouth; the diffusion horn mouth is in the shape of a horn mouth, the expansion direction of which forms a 30° angle with the axial direction of the lance, and the axial length is 100 mm.
[0010] According to the embodiment of the present application, one end of the second pipe is an outlet end and the other end is an inlet end, and the second pipe is connected to the desulfurizing agent conveying pipe through a second flange; the inlet end of the second pipe extends to the outside of the elbow of the first pipe, and the outlet end is flush with the outlet end of the first pipe.
[0011] According to the embodiment of the present application, the inner wall of the second pipe is provided with an alumina ceramic lining layer to increase the wear resistance of the pipe.
[0012] According to the embodiment of the present application, the third pipe is a combined structure of multiple pipe bundles, the number of pipe bundles is 4-8, and the two ends of the pipe bundle are coaxially positioned through pipe fixing rings and connected between the first pipe and the second pipe.
[0013] According to the embodiment of the present application, the multi-hole distribution plate is arranged in a 7-hole radial arrangement, and the opening rate is 45%±5%.
[0014] According to the embodiment of the present application, the pipe fixing ring is a circular ring with positioning holes, and the hole diameter is 1.0-1.5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the third pipe.
[0015] According to the embodiment of the present application, the pipe diameter ratio of the first pipe to the second pipe is 1:1.8-2.2.
[0016] When the lance is installed, the axial direction is consistent with the flue gas flow direction, and the center distance between the lance outlet and the flue center is 1 / 10-1 / 8 of the equivalent diameter of the flue.
[0017] The expansion direction of the diffusion horn mouth forms a 30° angle with the axial direction of the lance, and the axial length is 100 mm. The diffusion range of the desulfurizing agent is expanded, and a strong mixing zone is formed.
[0018] The flange connection between the cyclone lance and the flue has an inner diameter that is 5-10 mm larger than the maximum outer diameter of the diffusion horn mouth, which facilitates disassembly, maintenance and replacement, and the flange sealing surface is provided with a heat insulation graphite gasket.
[0019] The desulfurizing agent fluidization gas enters the cyclone tangentially to form a strong cyclone field with a cyclone number Sw≥1.5, which drives the particles to rotate outward; the hot air is introduced through the jacket and coupled with the cyclone field at the diffusion horn mouth, and then fully reacts with SO2 in the flue gas.
[0020] The first pipe inlet end is connected to the hot air pipe through a first flange for conveying hot flue gas.
[0021] The beneficial technical effects of the present application are as follows: (1) The cyclone of the present application forms a strong outer vortex flow field for the desulfurizing agent, the diffusion horn enhances the initial mixing of the hot air and the desulfurizing agent, the hot air is secondarily strengthened by the porous distribution plate to mix in the flue, the desulfurizing agent is fully mixed with SO2 in the flue gas, the desulfurization efficiency is improved, and the operation cost is effectively reduced; (2) The present application adopts a jacket structure, and the high-temperature environment in the jacket can heat activate the desulfurizing agent to improve its reaction activity, and at the same time, dry the desulfurizing agent to effectively prevent equipment blockage caused by moisture absorption; (3) The present application is a whole assembly, which is connected with the main flue by flanges, easy to disassemble and install, convenient for maintenance, and saves maintenance cost; (4) Compared with the situation that the desulfurizing agent particles move in a bundle shape and have poor diffusion effect in the prior art, after using the spray gun of the present application, the desulfurizing agent does outer rotation under the action of the strong cyclone field, the particle trajectory changes from a bundle shape to a hollow cone shape, the diffusion range is significantly increased, and the contact area with the flue gas and the mixing uniformity are greatly improved.
[0022] The cyclone spray gun of the present application can significantly improve the desulfurization efficiency, prevent equipment blockage, and reduce the operation and maintenance cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 is a front view of a dry desulfurization double-fluid strong cyclone spray gun.
[0024] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a right view of
[0025] Figure 3 is Figure 2 a F-F sectional view of
[0026] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structure schematic view of the cyclone spray gun.
[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the cyclone spray gun in the flue; wherein a is a front view, b is a side view, c is a top view, and d is an axial side view.
[0028] In the figure: 1 - first pipeline; 2 - second pipeline; 3 - third pipeline; 4 - pipeline fixing ring; 5 - porous distribution plate; 6 - cyclone; 7 - diffusion horn; 8 - first flange; 9 - second flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0029] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0030] The dry desulfurization double-fluid strong cyclone spray gun comprises a first pipe 1 and a second pipe 2; the first pipe 1 is welded by an elbow, a straight pipe section and a right-angle elbow; the second pipe 2 is coaxial with the first pipe 1, is nested into the first pipe 1 and penetrates outwards at the elbow of the first pipe 1; a clamping structure is formed between the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2; a third pipe 3 is arranged in the clamping annular gap of the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2 at the right-angle elbow end of the first pipe 1; and a cyclone 6 is arranged in the second pipe 2 at the right-angle elbow end.
[0031] The end of the third pipe 3 is connected with a section of short pipe bent towards the spray gun axis, the bending angle is 30°, and a multi-hole distribution plate 5 is arranged at the end of the third pipe 3.
[0032] The cyclone 6 is composed of multiple groups of axial cyclone blades 001 for converting the fluidized gas of the desulfurizing agent into a cyclone field; the number of the cyclone blades 001 is 6 or 8, the twist angle of the blade is 45°±2°, the width of the blade is 30±0.5 mm, and the ratio of the thickness of the blade to the chord length is 1:10.
[0033] The elbow section of the first pipe 1 is the inlet end, the right-angle elbow section is the outlet end, the inlet end of the first pipe 1 is connected with a hot air pipe through a first flange 8; the outlet end of the first pipe 1 is connected with a diffusion horn 7; the diffusion horn 7 is in the shape of a horn, the expansion direction of the diffusion horn 7 forms an angle of 30° with the axial direction of the spray gun, and the axial length of the diffusion horn 7 is 100 mm.
[0034] One end of the second pipe 2 is the outlet end and the other end is the inlet end, and the second pipe 2 is connected with a desulfurizing agent conveying pipe through a second flange 9; the inlet end of the second pipe 2 extends to the outside of the elbow of the first pipe 1, and the outlet end is flush with the outlet end of the first pipe 1.
[0035] An alumina ceramic lining layer is arranged on the inner wall of the second pipe 2.
[0036] The third pipe 3 is in a combined structure of multiple pipe bundles, the number of the pipe bundles is 4-8, the two ends of the pipe bundles are coaxially positioned through pipe fixing rings 4 and are connected between the first pipe 1 and the second pipe 2.
[0037] The multi-hole distribution plate 5 is arranged in a radial manner with 7 holes, and the opening rate is 45%±5%.
[0038] The pipe fixing ring 4 is a circular ring with a positioning hole, and the hole diameter is 1.0-1.5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the third pipe 3.
[0039] The pipe diameter ratio of the first pipe 1 to the second pipe 2 is 1:1.8-2.2, and preferably 1:2.
[0040] The working principle and engineering effect realization process of the spray gun are as follows.
[0041] The second pipeline 2 is used for conveying desulfurizer and fluidizing gas thereof.
[0042] When the gas-solid two-phase flow passes through the cyclone 6, a strong cyclone field is formed under the action of the axial cyclone vane, the desulfurizer particles move outward under the action of centrifugal force, and the motion trajectory of the particles is changed from the beam linear flow of the traditional lance to the divergent hollow cone-shaped diffusion flow, thereby significantly increasing the dispersion range and uniformity of the particles in the flue gas.
[0043] The first pipeline 1 conveys high-temperature hot air.
[0044] The hot air indirectly heats the desulfurizer in the second pipeline 2 through the jacket when passing through the first pipeline 1, thereby realizing the thermal activation of the desulfurizer, improving the surface microporosity and chemical reaction activity of the desulfurizer, and simultaneously playing a drying role to reduce the risk of moisture absorption and hardening.
[0045] The hot air is finally sprayed out from the diffusion horn 7, and the external flue gas is sucked in at the outlet, so that the cyclone state desulfurizer sprayed from the second pipeline 2 is initially and strongly mixed with the hot air in this area.
[0046] The third pipeline 3 conveys the hot air from the jacket, and the outlet thereof sprays the hot air in a uniform and multi-stream form radially into the flue through a short pipe bent by 30° to the shaft and a porous distribution plate 5.
[0047] The uniform hot air meets the gas-solid two-phase flow after the initial mixing, and a secondary disturbance is generated, thereby further breaking the flow boundary layer and strengthening the mass transfer and reaction process of the desulfurizer particles and SO2 in the flue gas.
[0048] As shown in Figure 5 The cyclone lance of the present application is installed in the main flue and connected with the main flue by a flange, the axial direction of the lance is consistent with the flow direction of the flue gas in the main flue, so as to utilize the main flue gas to smoothly wrap and hold the desulfurizer. The center distance between the outlet of the lance and the center of the flue is 20 mm.
[0049] Taking a 65 MW boiler flue gas desulfurization project of a certain steel enterprise as an example, the flue gas flow of the boiler is 430000 Nm 3 / h, and the inlet concentration of SO2 is 200 mg / Nm 3 .
[0050] The purity of the high specific surface area calcium hydroxide used as the desulfurizer is greater than or equal to 85%, and the spraying amount is 225 Kg / h.
[0051] The desulfurizer powder bin is connected with the second pipeline 2 through the second flange 9, the fluidizing air flow is 300 Nm 3 / h, and the pressure is 0.5 Mpa.
[0052] The first pipeline 1 is connected to 180 DEG C hot air, and the air volume is 500 m3 / h under normal pressure; the hot air delivered by the third pipeline 3 is from the first pipeline 1.
[0053] In this embodiment, the hot air of the first pipeline 1 indirectly heats the second pipeline 2 through a jacket, and indirectly heats the calcium hydroxide desulfurizer, promotes the microporosity of the surface layer of the desulfurizer, and improves the desulfurization activity of the calcium hydroxide.
[0054] The fluidizing gas in the second pipeline 2 forms a strong cyclone through the cyclone 6, and the desulfurizer particles do outer rotation diffusion under the centrifugal action to form a desulfurizer cyclone body.
[0055] Further, the hot air of the third pipeline 3 is uniformly jetted through the porous distribution plate 5, and secondary disturbance occurs between the desulfurizer cyclone body and the hot air, so that the mass transfer and heat transfer processes are strengthened.
[0056] Further, the flue gas passes through the diffusion horn of the spray gun to form a suction effect, increases the contact time with SO2 in the flue gas, and strengthens the gas-solid two-phase reaction; the desulfurizer and SO2 in the flue gas fully react to generate CaSO3, which is oxidized to CaSO4 in the flue, and is captured by the downstream dust collector; the actual operation shows that the desulfurization efficiency of the system can reach more than 96%, and the spray gun has no blocking phenomenon.
[0057] The dry desulfurization double-fluid strong cyclone spray gun provided by the application has the following advantages: the cyclone in the second pipeline generates a high-strength cyclone field, the desulfurizer forms an outer vortex flow field under the action of centrifugal force, and the diffusion range is significantly increased; the cyclone-state desulfurizer and the hot air are strongly mixed in the diffusion horn, and the uniform hot air output by the third pipeline forms secondary disturbance in the flue through the porous distribution plate, so that the contact with the flue gas is strengthened; the jacket structure activates the desulfurizer, and reduces the risk of moisture absorption and caking of the desulfurizer.
Claims
1. A dry desulfurization two-fluid hyper-velocity cyclone lance characterized by The utility model relates to a desulfurizer nozzle, including first pipeline (1), second pipeline (2), the first pipeline (1) is welded by elbow, straight pipe section, right angle elbow, the second pipeline (2) is coaxial with first pipeline (1), and the second pipeline (2) is nested into first pipeline (1) and goes out outward at its elbow, and the clamping sleeve structure is formed between first pipeline (1) and second pipeline (2), and in the right angle elbow end of first pipeline (1), first pipeline (1), second pipeline (2) clamping sleeve annular gap is provided with third pipeline (3), and in the second pipeline (2) of right angle elbow end is provided with cyclone (6).
2. A dry desulfurization two-fluid high-velocity cyclone lance according to claim 1, characterized in that The third pipeline (3) end connects a section of short pipe bent to the lance axis, the bending angle is 30 DEG, and the end is provided with a multi-hole distribution plate (5).
3. A dry desulfurization two-fluid high-velocity cyclone lance according to claim 1, characterized in that The cyclone (6) is composed of multiple groups of axial cyclone blades (001) for converting the fluidized gas of desulfurizer into a cyclone field, the number of the cyclone blades (001) is 6 or 8, the blade torsion angle is 45 DEG + 2 DEG, the width is 30 + 0.5 mm, and the blade thickness to chord length ratio is 1:
10.
4. A dry desulfurization two-fluid high-velocity cyclone lance according to claim 1, characterized in that The elbow section of the first pipeline (1) is the inlet end, the right angle elbow section is the outlet end, the first pipeline (1) inlet end is connected with the hot air pipeline through the first flange (8), the first pipeline (1) outlet end is connected with the diffusion horn (7), the diffusion horn (7) is in the shape of a horn, the expansion direction is at an angle of 30 DEG with the lance axis, and the axial length is 100 mm.
5. A dry desulfurization two-fluid high-velocity cyclone lance according to claim 1, characterized in that The second pipeline (2) is provided with the cyclone (6), one end of the second pipeline (2) is the outlet end, the other end is the inlet end, and the second pipeline (2) is connected with the desulfurizer conveying pipeline through the second flange (9); the inlet end of the second pipeline (2) extends to the outside of the elbow of the first pipeline (1), and the outlet end is flush with the outlet end of the first pipeline (1).
6. A dry desulfurization two-fluid hyper-velocity cyclone lance according to claim 1, characterized in that The inner wall of the second pipeline (2) is provided with an alumina ceramic lining.
7. A dry desulfurization two-fluid high-velocity cyclone lance according to claim 1, characterized in that The third pipeline (3) is a combined structure of multiple tube bundles, the number of tube bundles is 4-8, the two ends of the tube bundle are coaxially positioned through the pipeline fixing ring (4) and connected between the first pipeline (1) and the second pipeline (2).
8. A dry desulfurization two-fluid hyper-velocity cyclone lance according to claim 2, characterized in that The multi-hole distribution plate (5) is arranged in a radial manner with 7 holes, and the opening rate is 45% + 5%.
9. A dry desulfurization two-fluid hyper-velocity cyclone lance according to claim 7, characterized in that The pipeline fixing ring (4) is a circular ring with a positioning hole, and the hole diameter is 1.0-1.5 mm larger than the outer diameter of the third pipeline (3).
10. A dry desulfurization two-fluid high-velocity cyclone lance according to claim 1, characterized in that The pipe diameter ratio of the first pipeline (1) to the second pipeline (2) is 1:1.8-2.2.