Bidirectional synchronous thread screwing and dismounting device and method

Abstract

The bidirectional synchronous thread screwing and disassembling device comprises a rack, a positioning clamping mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the rack, a first clamping disassembling and assembling mechanism and a second clamping disassembling and assembling mechanism are symmetrically arranged on the portions, on the two sides of the positioning clamping mechanism, of a workbench, and the first clamping disassembling and assembling mechanism and the second clamping disassembling and assembling mechanism each comprise a sliding table; the sliding table is connected with the linear driving assembly, a rotary clamping mechanism driven by a servo motor is arranged on the sliding table, and the servo motor is connected with the programmable controller. Synchronous, centering and fixed-torque screwing and disassembling of thread pairs at the two ends of a workpiece are achieved, seizure, unbalance loading and damage caused by asynchronous operation of the thread pairs are fundamentally eradicated, and the assembling quality, the automation level and the working efficiency are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of threaded assembly equipment, in particular to a bidirectional synchronous threaded screwing and dismounting device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the manufacturing and maintenance of aerospace, precision hydraulic components, etc., there are a large number of long cylindrical workpieces, the two ends of which need to be sealed and structurally connected through threaded end covers or connecting rings. The assembly quality of such threaded pairs is directly related to the sealing performance, connection strength and working reliability of the entire product.

[0003] Currently, the industry mainly uses the following two methods for the assembly of such workpieces: Manual operation: two operators use torque wrenches and other tools to tighten the workpiece ends by experience using the "alternating, step-by-step" method. This method is not only extremely inefficient and labor-intensive, but also heavily dependent on the skills and responsibility of the operators. It is easy to cause uneven force or improper sequence on the two ends, resulting in uneven force on the threaded pair, causing biting, wire slipping or even workpiece deformation, and causing product scrap. In addition, it is difficult to achieve precise torque control.

[0004] Single-sided automatic equipment: a single automatic tightening device is used to operate one end, and the other end still needs manual assistance or the use of simple fixtures. This method partially improves the single-sided efficiency, but does not solve the fundamental problem. The workpiece will twist or move under the action of a large torque on one side, destroying the original centering, and still has the inherent risk of thread damage, and the automation degree is not complete.

[0005] Therefore, it is urgent to develop a threaded dismounting device that can realize bidirectional synchronization, precise centering and full-process automatic control, which has become a technical bottleneck that needs to be broken through in the field. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application proposes a bidirectional synchronous threaded screwing and dismounting device and method, which solves the technical problem of synchronous assembly of threaded pairs at both ends of long shaft workpieces and realizes high-precision and high-efficiency automatic dismounting operation.

[0007] The technical solution of the present application is as follows: a bidirectional synchronous threaded screwing and dismounting device, comprising a rack, a positioning and clamping mechanism is arranged at the upper end of the rack, first and second clamping and dismounting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the workbenches on both sides of the positioning and clamping mechanism, the first and second clamping and dismounting mechanisms each comprise a sliding table, the sliding table is connected with a linear drive assembly, a rotary clamping mechanism driven by a servo motor is arranged on the sliding table, and the servo motor and the linear drive assembly are connected with a programmable controller.

[0008] Further, the linear driving assembly comprises a driving cylinder and a buffer cylinder, the driving cylinder and the buffer cylinder are arranged in the same line and reversely, the tail of the driving cylinder is fixedly connected with the buffer cylinder, the telescopic end of the driving cylinder is hingedly connected with the sliding table, the telescopic end of the buffer cylinder is hingedly connected with the rack, or the buffer cylinder is hingedly connected with the telescopic end of the double-bar sliding table cylinder, and the double-bar sliding table cylinder is fixed on the rack.

[0009] Further, the rotating clamping mechanism comprises a double-output shaft speed reducer fixed on the sliding table, a servo motor is drivingly connected with the double-output shaft speed reducer, and the double-output shaft speed reducer is provided with a pneumatic three-jaw chuck at one end close to the positioning and clamping mechanism.

[0010] Further, the other end of the double-output shaft speed reducer is provided with a sensor sensing sheet, and the sliding table is provided with a sensor matched with the sensor sensing sheet, for detecting the rotating direction and angle of the double-output shaft speed reducer.

[0011] Further, the tail of the driving cylinder is provided with a guide assembly, and the guide assembly moves linearly along the rack.

[0012] Further, the positioning and clamping mechanism comprises a vertically upward pneumatic clamping jaw, the pneumatic clamping jaw comprises two oppositely arranged clamping plates, and the opposite sides of the two clamping plates are provided with V-shaped positioning blocks.

[0013] Further, the rack is fixed with a cross beam, the guide assembly comprises a support, the support is provided with a vertical first universal ball and a horizontal second universal ball, the first universal ball moves along the lower side of the cross beam, and the second universal ball moves along the inner side of the cross beam.

[0014] Further, the rack is fixed with a linear guide rail, and the sliding table moves along the linear guide rail.

[0015] A method for a bidirectional synchronous screwing and unscrewing device comprises the following steps: (1) the workpiece is clamped and fixed on the positioning and clamping mechanism, when the two ends of the workpiece need to be synchronously installed with threaded connectors, the two rotating clamping mechanisms clamp one threaded connector respectively, the sliding tables on the two sides synchronously drive the threaded connectors to approach the workpiece and abut against the end face of the workpiece, then the two rotating clamping mechanisms synchronously drive the threaded connectors to rotate, and with the continuous movement of the sliding tables, the two threaded connectors are synchronously screwed into the end of the workpiece; (2) when the threaded connectors at the two ends of the workpiece need to be synchronously unscrewed, the sliding tables on the two sides synchronously approach the workpiece, the rotating clamping mechanisms clamp the threaded connectors, then the rotating clamping mechanisms are reversely rotated, and simultaneously the sliding tables are reversely moved, so that the threaded connectors are unscrewed.

[0016] Further, in step (2), the driving cylinder and the buffer cylinder are synchronously telescoped, so as to drive the sliding tables to approach or move away from the workpiece.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: The first clamping and disassembling mechanism and the second clamping and disassembling mechanism of the present application are driven by servo motors, and after the torque is increased by a double-shaft speed reducer, the clamping and screwing of the threaded connecting piece are performed by a pneumatic three-jaw chuck, and the rotation speed, torque and rotation angle of the servo motors at both ends are coordinated and controlled by a programmable controller, so that the synchronization, centering, fixed torque screwing and disassembly of the threaded pair at both ends of the workpiece are realized, and the seizure, unbalanced load and damage of the threaded pair caused by asynchronous operation are fundamentally eliminated.

[0018] The sliding table of the present application is driven by a series connection type driving cylinder and a buffer cylinder to drive linear movement, provides accurate axial feeding, and ensures smooth movement of the entire tightening unit along the axis, has certain self-adaptive floating ability, and can automatically compensate for small coaxiality errors.

[0019] The buffer cylinder of the sliding table of the second clamping and disassembling mechanism is connected with the double-lever sliding table cylinder, so that the initial position of the clamping and disassembling mechanism can be accurately adjusted and locked to adapt to the length tolerance of different workpieces, and the versatility and flexibility of the device are improved.

[0020] The present application accurately controls the screwing depth and the final torque by cooperating the sensor sensing sheet with the sensor, realizes high-precision assembly of fixed torque and fixed rotation angle, has good product quality consistency, and significantly improves the assembly quality, automation level and work efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present application; Figure 2 is a front view of the present application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the guide assembly; Figure 4 is a structural schematic view of the pneumatic clamping jaw.

[0023] Frame 1, pneumatic clamping jaw 2, V-shaped positioning block 3, workpiece 4, first clamping and dismounting mechanism 5, second clamping and dismounting mechanism 6, sliding table 7, driving cylinder 8, buffer cylinder 9, first lug 10, second lug 11, double-bar sliding table cylinder 12, third lug 13, linear guide rail 14, cross beam 15, support 16, first universal ball 17, second universal ball 18, double-output shaft speed reducer 19, servo motor 20, pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21, threaded connecting piece 22, sensor sensing sheet 23, stand 24. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0025] As shown in Figure 1 and 4 , a bidirectional synchronous screwing and dismounting device includes a frame 1, a positioning and clamping mechanism is fixed at the upper end of the frame 1, the positioning and clamping mechanism includes a vertically upward pneumatic clamping jaw 2, the pneumatic clamping jaw 2 includes two clamping plates arranged opposite to each other, and V-shaped positioning blocks 3 are fixed on the opposite sides of the two clamping plates. A cylindrical workpiece 4 is placed on the pneumatic clamping jaw 2, and the pneumatic clamping jaw 2 positions and clamps the workpiece 4 through the V-shaped positioning blocks 3.

[0026] As shown in Figures 1-3 , first clamping and dismounting mechanisms 5 and second clamping and dismounting mechanisms 6 are symmetrically arranged on the workbenches on both sides of the positioning and clamping mechanism, the first clamping and dismounting mechanisms 5 and the second clamping and dismounting mechanisms 6 each include a sliding table 7, the sliding table 7 is connected with a linear driving assembly, the linear driving assembly includes a driving cylinder 8 and a buffer cylinder 9, the driving cylinder 8 and the buffer cylinder 9 are arranged in the same straight line and in opposite directions, the tail portions of the driving cylinder 8 and the buffer cylinder 9 are fixedly connected, the lower end of the sliding table 7 is fixed with a first lug 10, and the telescopic end of the driving cylinder 8 is hingedly connected with the first lug 10. One end of the frame 1 is fixed with a second lug 11, the telescopic end of the buffer cylinder 9 of the first clamping and dismounting mechanism 5 is hingedly connected with the second lug 11, a double-bar sliding table cylinder 12 is fixed at the middle of the lower end of the frame 1, the telescopic end of the double-bar sliding table cylinder 12 is fixed with a third lug 13, the telescopic end of the buffer cylinder 9 of the second clamping and dismounting mechanism 6 is hingedly connected with the third lug 13, and the initial position of the second clamping and dismounting mechanism 6 is adjusted through the telescopic extension of the double-bar sliding table cylinder 12, so as to be suitable for workpieces 4 of different lengths. A linear guide rail 14 is fixed on the frame 1, and the synchronous telescopic extension of the driving cylinder 8 and the buffer cylinder 9 drives the sliding table 7 to move along the linear guide rail 14.

[0027] As shown in Figure 2 and3 As shown, the crossbeam 15 is fixed on the frame 1, and the guide assembly is fixed at the tail of the driving cylinder 8 and the buffer cylinder 9, which includes the bracket 16, the vertical first universal ball 17 and the horizontal second universal ball 18 are fixed on the bracket 16, the first universal ball 17 moves along the lower side of the crossbeam 15, and the second universal ball 18 moves along the inner side of the crossbeam 15, so that the driving cylinder 8 and the buffer cylinder 9 move along the straight line.

[0028] The rotating clamping mechanism driven by the servo motor 20 is arranged on the slide table 7, which includes the double-output shaft reducer 19 fixed on the slide table 7, the servo motor 20 is drivingly connected with the double-output shaft reducer 19, the double-output shaft reducer 19 is fixed with the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21 at one end close to the positioning and clamping mechanism, the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21 clamps the threaded connecting piece 22, the servo motor 20 drives the pneumatic three-jaw chuck 21 to rotate through the double-output shaft reducer 19, and then drives the threaded connecting piece 22 to rotate. The sensor sensing sheet 23 is installed at the other end of the double-output shaft reducer 19, and the stand 24 is fixed at one end of the slide table 7 close to the sensor sensing sheet 23, and the sensor (not shown in the figure) cooperating with the sensor sensing sheet 23 is fixed on the stand 24. If the sensor sensing sheet 23 is an iron sheet and the sensor is a magnetic switch, the cooperation of the sensor and the sensor sensing sheet 23 is used to detect the rotating direction and angle of the double-output shaft reducer 19. The servo motor 20, the driving cylinder 8 and the buffer cylinder 9 and the sensor are connected with the programmable controller, the rotating speed, torque and angle of the two servo motors 20 and the feeding timing of the driving cylinder 8 and the buffer cylinder 9 are coordinated and controlled through the programmable controller, and the synchronous, centering, fixed torque screwing and disassembling of the threaded pairs at both ends of the workpiece are realized.

[0029] A method of a two-way synchronous threaded screwing and disassembling device includes the following steps: (1) The workpiece 4 is clamped and fixed on the positioning and clamping mechanism, when the threaded connecting pieces 22 at both ends of the workpiece 4 need to be synchronously installed, the two rotating clamping mechanisms clamp one threaded connecting piece 22 respectively, the slide tables 7 on both sides synchronously drive the threaded connecting pieces 22 to approach the workpiece 4 and abut against the end faces of the workpiece 4, then the two rotating clamping mechanisms synchronously drive the threaded connecting pieces 22 to rotate, and with the continuous movement of the slide tables 7, the two threaded connecting pieces 22 are synchronously screwed into the end portions of the workpiece 4. (2) When the threaded connecting pieces 22 at both ends of the workpiece 4 need to be synchronously disassembled, the slide tables 7 on both sides synchronously approach the workpiece 4, the rotating clamping mechanisms clamp the threaded connecting pieces 22, then the rotating clamping mechanisms are reversely rotated, and at the same time, the slide tables 7 are reversely moved, so that the threaded connecting pieces 22 are rotated out.

[0030] The above merely provides the preferred embodiment of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A bidirectional synchronous screwing and unscrewing device comprising a frame, characterized in that: The upper end of the rack is provided with a positioning and clamping mechanism, first and second clamping and dismounting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the workbench on both sides of the positioning and clamping mechanism, the first and second clamping and dismounting mechanisms each comprise a sliding table, the sliding table is connected with a linear driving assembly, a rotary clamping mechanism driven by a servo motor is arranged on the sliding table, and the servo motor and the linear driving assembly are connected with a programmable controller.

2. A bidirectional synchronous screwing and unscrewing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The linear driving assembly comprises a driving cylinder and a buffer cylinder, the driving cylinder and the buffer cylinder are arranged on the same line in opposite directions, the tail portions of the driving cylinder and the buffer cylinder are fixedly connected, and the telescopic end of the driving cylinder is hingedly connected with the sliding table; the telescopic end of the buffer cylinder is hingedly connected with the rack, or the buffer cylinder is hingedly connected with the telescopic end of a double-bar sliding table cylinder, and the double-bar sliding table cylinder is fixed on the rack.

3. A bidirectional synchronous screwing and unscrewing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rotary clamping mechanism comprises a double-shaft reducer fixed on the sliding table, the servo motor is drivingly connected with the double-shaft reducer, and the double-shaft reducer is provided with a pneumatic three-jaw chuck at one end close to the positioning and clamping mechanism.

4. A bidirectional synchronous screwing and unscrewing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The other end of the double-shaft reducer is provided with a sensor sensing sheet, and a sensor matched with the sensor sensing sheet is arranged on the sliding table, for detecting the rotation direction and angle of the double-shaft reducer.

5. A bidirectional synchronous screwing and unscrewing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide assembly is arranged at the joint of the tail portions of the driving cylinder and the buffer cylinder, and the guide assembly moves linearly along the rack.

6. A bidirectional synchronous screwing and unscrewing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning and clamping mechanism comprises a vertically upward pneumatic clamping jaw, the pneumatic clamping jaw comprises two facing clamping plates, and V-shaped positioning blocks are arranged on the facing sides of the two clamping plates.

7. A bidirectional synchronous screwing and unscrewing device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cross beam is fixed on the rack, the guide assembly comprises a support, a vertical first universal ball and a horizontal second universal ball are arranged on the support, the first universal ball moves along the lower side of the cross beam, and the second universal ball moves along the inner side of the cross beam.

8. A bidirectional synchronous screwing and unscrewing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A linear guide rail is fixed on the rack, and the sliding table moves along the linear guide rail.

9. The method of claim 1-8, wherein the method is characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: (1) placing a workpiece on the positioning and clamping mechanism and clamping and fixing the workpiece, when it is required to synchronously install threaded connectors at both ends of the workpiece, two rotary clamping mechanisms each clamp one threaded connector, the threaded connectors are driven by the sliding tables on both sides to approach the workpiece and abut against the end faces of the workpiece, then the threaded connectors are synchronously rotated by the two rotary clamping mechanisms, and the two threaded connectors are synchronously screwed into the end portions of the workpiece along with the continuous movement of the sliding tables; (2) when it is required to synchronously dismount the threaded connectors at both ends of the workpiece, the sliding tables on both sides are synchronously driven to approach the workpiece, the threaded connectors are clamped by the rotary clamping mechanisms, then the rotary clamping mechanisms are reversely rotated, and the threaded connectors are rotated out along with the reverse movement of the sliding tables.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, In step (2), the driving cylinder and the buffer cylinder are synchronously telescoped to drive the sliding table to approach or move away from the workpiece.

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