Application of efficient organic material decomposition agent in organic fertilizer fermentation

Abstract

The invention discloses application of an efficient organic material decomposition agent in organic fertilizer fermentation, and belongs to the technical field of organic waste resource utilization. According to the decomposition agent, in-situ microorganisms of an organic fertilizer fermentation system serve as an adaptation basis, and the functional strains are composed of liquid lactobacillus, lactobacillus, acetobacter aceti and clostridium. The thallus concentration of the liquid lactobacillus is 5.0 * 10 < 8 >-1.0 * 10 < 9 > cfu / mL, the thallus concentration of the lactobacillus is 2.5 * 10 < 8 >-5.0 * 10 < 8 > cfu / mL, the thallus concentration of the acetobacter aceti is 2.5 * 10 < 8 >-5.0 * 10 < 8 > cfu / mL, and the thallus concentration of the clostridium is 2.5 * 10 < 8 >-5.0 * 10 < 8 > cfu / mL. The application process of the decomposition agent in organic fertilizer fermentation is optimized, rapid decomposition of organic materials is achieved through the synergistic metabolism effect of functional strains, and the fermentation period is remarkably shortened to 14 days. The application method is easy and convenient to operate, high in adaptability and suitable for organic fertilizer fermentation production of various organic materials such as livestock and poultry manure, straw and wood chips, and has extremely high industrial application value.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of organic waste resource utilization, in particular to an application method of a high-efficiency organic material composting agent based on in-situ microbial compounding in organic fertilizer fermentation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Organic fertilizer fermentation is a core technology for realizing the reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of agricultural organic waste. It converts livestock manure, straw and other waste into high-quality organic fertilizer rich in humus through the metabolic action of microorganisms, and has important significance for promoting the green and sustainable development of agriculture. However, traditional organic fertilizer fermentation relies on natural microbial communities, and has problems such as long fermentation period (usually 60-90 days), uneven composting, serious nutrient loss, and prominent odor pollution, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of industrial production.

[0003] The application of composite microbial composting agents is a key means to improve the efficiency of organic fertilizer fermentation, but the existing application technology still has significant limitations: first, the adaptability of the composting agent to the fermentation material and the environment is poor, and the colonization rate of the foreign strains is low, resulting in unstable fermentation effect, especially in different regions and different material types; second, the application process lacks targeted optimization, such as unreasonable design of key links such as inoculation amount and fermentation parameter control, which fails to fully exert the synergistic effect of the strains; third, the dynamic regulation of the fermentation process is insufficient, making it difficult to accurately maintain the microenvironment required for microbial metabolism, resulting in short high-temperature period, low humification degree, and uneven product quality.

[0004] Studies have shown that in-situ microorganisms selected from long-term fermentation systems have adapted to the organic material degradation environment and have stronger colonization ability and synergistic metabolic potential; lactobacillus and acetobacter can reduce the pH value of the heap by synergistic acid production, inhibit the growth of spoilage bacteria and reduce ammonia emission, and the acid environment formed can also activate cellulase activity; Clostridium has high-efficiency degradation ability for complex carbohydrates and can accelerate the decomposition of lignocellulose. Therefore, combining such a composite composting agent with a scientific fermentation application process is expected to break through the technical bottlenecks of existing organic fertilizer fermentation. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the problems of poor adaptability of existing composting agents in organic fertilizer fermentation, unreasonable application process, and low fermentation efficiency, and provides an application method of a high-efficiency organic material composting agent in organic fertilizer fermentation, which fully utilizes the synergistic effect of the composite microbial community by optimizing the inoculation process of the composting agent and the regulation strategy of the fermentation process, and realizes rapid, efficient and low-pollution fermentation of organic fertilizer.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows: A high-efficiency organic material composting agent comprises liquid lactobacillus, lactobacillus bacteria, acetic acid bacteria and clostridium.

[0007] The liquid lactobacillus has high acid production capacity and can quickly start the acidification process of the pile; the acetic acid bacteria improves the carbon source utilization efficiency; and the clostridium secretes various cellulose-degrading enzymes to accelerate the decomposition of lignocellulose.

[0008] In the application, the concentration of the liquid lactobacillus bacteria is 5.0*10 8 ~1.0*10 9 cfu / mL, the concentration of the lactobacillus bacteria is 2.5*10 8 ~5.0*10 8 cfu / mL, the concentration of the acetic acid bacteria is 2.5*10 8 ~5.0*10 8 cfu / mL, and the concentration of the clostridium bacteria is 2.5*10 8 ~5.0*10 8 cfu / mL.

[0009] The basic index of the composting agent is that the total number of living bacteria is greater than or equal to 2.0*10 9 cfu / mL, the pH value is 3.8-5.2, the quality guarantee period is greater than or equal to 12 months under sealed storage at room temperature, and the stable bacteria source is provided for high-efficiency fermentation.

[0010] The application further provides a method for preparing a fertilizer by fermenting the above-mentioned bacteria agent.

[0011] The application creates suitable initial conditions for microbial metabolism by pretreating the material, adjusting the C / N ratio, pH value and water content.

[0012] The fermentation material of the fertilizer is livestock and poultry manure, wood chips and straw.

[0013] The material such as straw and wood chips needs to be crushed to 0.1-1.0 cm to increase the contact area, the mass ratio of the livestock and poultry manure, the wood chips and the straw is (4-7):(2-4):(2-4), and the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture is (25-30):1, so as to ensure the carbon-nitrogen balance for energy supply.

[0014] The livestock and poultry manure is dry-wet separated cow manure or chicken manure.

[0015] The C / N (carbon-nitrogen ratio) of the application refers to the ratio of the total carbon content and the total nitrogen content in the material, the high C / N value can be adjusted by adding livestock and poultry manure, and the low C / N value can be adjusted by adding wood chips and straw.

[0016] The composting agent is added to the activated brown sugar fermentation medium at 0.1%-0.2% of the mass of the organic material, and after activation, the liquid is inoculated into the material to be composted at 1% of the mass of the organic material, so as to improve the uniformity of the contact between the bacterial bodies and the material.

[0017] Preferably in the present application, the initial material has a moisture content of 50%-70% and a pH of 6.0-9.0.

[0018] The material to be composted is subjected to aerobic turning and composting in a strip pile or tank, the pile height is controlled to be 1.0-1.5 m, the oxygen content is higher than 5%, the fermentation environment temperature is not lower than 30℃, and the center temperature of the pile is not higher than 55℃.

[0019] Preferably in the present application, the fermentation temperature is 45-55℃.

[0020] The fermentation environment temperature needs to be maintained by laying water pipes to ensure that the temperature of the fermentation tank is not lower than 30℃.

[0021] Preferably, during the fermentation, intermittent turning and tossing methods are used to provide oxygen, and the turning and tossing is performed once per hour.

[0022] After 7 days of fermentation, the composted material is transferred to a ventilated and rain-proof factory area for aging treatment, the height of the compost is preferably ≤50 cm, and the compost is turned over once every 2-3 days, and after 7 days, the compost is tea-brown in color and has a distinct humus odor, indicating that the composting is complete.

[0023] Advantages

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following significant advantages: Wide adaptability and stable effect: the composting agent based on in-situ microorganisms has strong adaptability to various types of organic materials, and combined with a differentiated inoculation strategy, stable fermentation can be achieved under different geographical conditions and different temperature conditions, solving the problem of large fluctuations in the application effect of traditional microbial agents.

[0025] Significant improvement in fermentation efficiency: through precise process control, the fermentation period of organic fertilizer is shortened to 14 days, which is 60-80% shorter than that of commercially available microbial agents, greatly improving the industrial production efficiency.

[0026] Excellent product quality and environmental protection: the organic matter content is ≥45%, and all health indicators meet the standards, reducing the risk of secondary pollution during the fermentation process.

[0027] Simple operation and controllable cost: the application process does not require complex equipment and is compatible with mainstream fermentation modes such as strip pile and tank; the composting agent has low preparation cost and is easy to scale up.

[0028] Realize the efficient use of resources: can handle livestock manure, straw, sawdust and other organic waste, convert low-value waste into high-quality organic fertilizer, help agricultural organic recycling and carbon neutralization target. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 Indicates the influence of C / N on manure fermentation. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and examples, but the implementation of the present application is not limited to this.

[0031] The method of this embodiment for pile composting of cow dung, sawdust and straw includes the following steps: The sawdust and straw are crushed to a particle size of 0.1-1.0 cm, and the (solid-liquid separated) cow dung is crushed and mixed in a ratio of 700 kg of cow dung, 150 kg of rice husk and 150 kg of straw. The initial moisture content of the material is adjusted to 65%. The method for judging the moisture content of the mixed raw materials on site is that the raw materials are held tightly with the hands, and water seeps out of the interdigital spaces, and drops slightly when it is appropriate. The C / N ratio is adjusted to 25:1.

[0032] Before composting, the bacteria are activated in a 0.2% (fresh weight) weight ratio in a liquid culture of red sugar for 14 days, and the above-activated liquid inoculum is added at 1% of the fresh weight of the fermentation material. After the mixing of the materials is completed, the inoculum is evenly sprayed on the surface of the pile, and a forklift is used to transport the materials to the fermentation tank.

[0033] During the composting process, an aerator is used to maintain the oxygen content at about 10%. The specific aeration frequency is 1 turn per hour. The temperature at the center of the pile is controlled to be not more than 55℃.

[0034] In this embodiment, the ambient temperature is not less than 30℃, and water heating is needed as an auxiliary facility in winter.

[0035] During fermentation, the center of the pile maintains a temperature of 45℃ for 7 days, and during composting, the maximum temperature reaches 52.1℃.

[0036] The fermentation is basically completed at 7 days, and the composted material is transferred to a well-ventilated and rain-proof factory area for aging treatment. The height of the compost is preferably ≤50 cm, and the pile is turned over once every 2-3 days. After 7 days, it is tea brown in color and has a distinct humus odor, indicating that the composting is complete.

[0037] In this embodiment, after 14 days of fermentation and aging of the pile, the pH value is 7.7, the total nutrient content is 4.56%, the total nitrogen content is 1.58%, the total phosphorus content is 0.65%, and the total potassium content is 2.33%. The organic matter content is 47.0%, and the germination index reaches 72.8%.​

Claims

1. A high-efficiency organic material composting agent, characterized in that, consisting of Lactococcus lactis, Lactobacillus lactis, Acetobacter aceti, Clostridium perfringens: the cell concentration of Lactococcus lactis is 5.0 x 10 8 ~ 1.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL, the cell concentration of Lactobacillus lactis is 2.5 x 10 8 ~ 5.0 x 10 8 cfu / mL, the cell concentration of Acetobacter aceti is 2.5 x 10 8 ~ 5.0 x 10 8 cfu / mL, and the cell concentration of Clostridium perfringens is 2.5 x 10 8 ~ 5.0 x 10 8 cfu / mL.

2. The bacterial agent of claim 1, characterized in that, The cell concentration of the liquid Lactobacillus was 5.0 x 10 8 ~ 1.0 x 10 9 cfu / mL, the cell concentration of Lactobacillus was 2.5 x 10 8 ~ 5.0 x 10 8 cfu / mL, the cell concentration of Acetobacter was 2.5 x 10 8 ~ 5.0 x 10 8 cfu / mL, and the cell concentration of Clostridium was 2.5 x 10 8 ~ 5.0 x 10 8 cfu / mL.

3. A method of preparing a fertilizer, characterized by, The bacteria agent of claims 1-2 is used for aerobic fermentation to prepare the fertilizer; the substrate of the aerobic fermentation is a mixture of livestock and poultry manure, wood chips and straw after dry-wet separation; the particle size of the wood chips and the straw is 0.1-1.0 cm.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the fertilizer is prepared by a process comprising: The mass ratio of the livestock and poultry manure, the wood chips and the straw is (4-7):(2-4):(2-4); the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture is (25-30):

1.

5. The use of the high-efficiency organic material composting agent according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that, The composting agent is added to the activated red sugar fermentation medium at 0.1%-0.2% of the mass of the organic material, and after activation, the liquid is inoculated into the material to be composted at 1% of the mass of the organic material, the moisture content of the material is adjusted to 50%-70%, and the pH is adjusted to 6.0-9.

0.

6. Use according to claim 5, characterized in that, The material to be composted is subjected to aerobic turning and composting in a strip pile or a tank, the height of the pile is controlled at 1.0-1.5 m, the oxygen content is higher than 5%, the fermentation environmental temperature is not lower than 30℃, and the center temperature of the pile is not higher than 55℃.

7. The fermentation environmental temperature requires water heating to maintain the fermentation tank temperature at not lower than 30℃.

8. Use according to claim 6, characterized in that, After the organic material is treated by the composting agent, the composting period is ≤14 days, the organic matter content in the composting product is ≥45%, and the product meets the NY 525-2021 "Organic Fertilizer" standard.

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