ABS composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene) composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of macromolecules. The ABS composite material provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by mass: 33-57 parts of ABS resin; 8 to 32 parts of glass fiber; 4-12 parts of glass powder; 14-30 parts of a flame retardant; the melt index of the ABS resin under the condition of 220 DEG C / 10 kg is 3-15 g / 10 min; the initial melting temperature of the glass powder is 450 to 1000 DEG C; the D50 particle size of the glass powder is 4-12 [mu] m. The ABS resin with moderate melt index is combined with the glass fiber and the glass powder with proper initial melting temperature and D50 particle size, so that the ablation resistance is jointly improved, the good processing performance of the material is ensured, and the finally obtained ABS composite material has good flame retardance, ablation resistance and forming performance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of high polymers, and particularly relates to an ABS composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] ABS resin is a ternary graft copolymer of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, has excellent comprehensive mechanical properties, outstanding processing performance, good chemical resistance and scratch resistance, and good dimensional stability, and has high cost performance, and is widely used in household appliances, electronic appliances and other industries. However, the ABS resin itself has a low oxygen index, is flammable, and the unmodified ABS resin material is generally resistant to ablation, and is easily burned through by a flame. GB 4943.1-2022 “Audio, video, information technology and communication technology equipment Part 1: Safety requirements” is a core mandatory standard in the field of electronic product safety in China, and the standard adds S.2 needle flame test (simulated fault small flame), and higher requirements for the ablation resistance of flame-retardant materials are also put forward. Modified plastics with fireproof performance and ablation resistance can slow down or even stop the spread of combustion when the flame is close, gain more time for fire extinguishing, reduce the harm caused by fire, and provide protection for people's life and property safety.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN115960433A provides a low-ignition-loss, flame-retardant ABS composition, which adds a low-ignition-loss additive that plays a skeleton supporting role after multiple burning, effectively avoiding the melt dripping phenomenon of the melt, however, it mainly evaluates the melt dripping resistance of the material, and does not involve the ablation resistance of the material, especially does not study and specifically strengthen the S.2 needle flame test added in GB 4943.1-2022.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN103740082A discloses a flame-retardant reinforced PC / ABS blend material added with carbon fibers, which can achieve UL94-5VA grade flame retardation at a thickness of 2.0 mm, but the carbon fibers are expensive, and the PC / ABS reinforced by the carbon fibers has poor flowability, which is not conducive to injection molding, resulting in appearance defects such as floating fibers in the final product.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN109679271A provides a 5VA grade glass fiber reinforced flame-retardant ABS material and a preparation method thereof by preparing a continuous glass fiber reinforced flame-retardant ABS, which has good rigidity and strength, high flowability, strong mold filling capacity and low price, however, the material does not study and specifically strengthen the S.2 needle flame test added in GB 4943.1-2022. SUMMARY

[0006] To overcome at least one problem existing in the prior art, one of the purposes of the present application is to provide an ABS composite material which has good processing performance, and also has good flame retardant performance and ablation resistance.

[0007] The second purpose of the present application is to provide a preparation method of the above-mentioned ABS composite material.

[0008] The third purpose of the present application is to provide an application of the above-mentioned ABS composite material.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purposes, the technical solution adopted by the present application is: The first aspect of the present application provides an ABS composite material, which comprises the following components by mass fraction: ABS resin 33-57 parts; Glass fiber 8-32 parts; Glass powder 4-12 parts; Flame retardant 14-30 parts; The melt index of the ABS resin under the condition of 220℃ / 10kg is 3-15g / 10min; The initial melting temperature of the glass powder is 450-1000℃; and the D50 particle size of the glass powder is 4-12μm.

[0010] The present application adopts ABS resin with moderate melt index to ensure that it has appropriate fluidity, good processing and molding performance, and at the same time makes the composite material have good ablation resistance; on this basis, the addition of glass fiber can further significantly improve the ablation resistance of the material; and the use of glass powder with appropriate initial melting temperature and D50 particle size can play a synergistic effect with glass fiber to improve the ablation resistance together, and through the appropriate amount ratio between the glass powder and the glass fiber, the ablation resistance can be improved while ensuring good processing performance and appearance of the material, and finally the ABS composite material obtained has good flame retardant performance, ablation resistance and molding performance.

[0011] In the present application, the ABS resin is the main material of the ABS composite material, and its content accounts for more than 30wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material; for example, it can be any value or a range value between any two values selected from 30wt%, 40wt%, 50wt%, 60wt% or 69wt%.

[0012] In the present application, the melt index of the ABS resin can be measured according to the standard ISO 1133-1-2022.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present application, the ABS resin can have a melt index of any one of 3 g / 10 min, 4 g / 10 min, 4.5 g / 10 min, 5 g / 10 min, 5.5 g / 10 min, 6 g / 10 min, 6.5 g / 10 min, 7 g / 10 min, 7.5 g / 10 min, 8 g / 10 min, 9 g / 10 min, 10 g / 10 min, 11 g / 10 min, 12 g / 10 min, 13 g / 10 min, 14 g / 10 min, or 15 g / 10 min or a range value between any two of them; in some preferred embodiments of the present application, the ABS resin has a melt index of 4-12 g / 10 min; in some more preferred embodiments of the present application, the ABS resin has a melt index of 4.5-10 g / 10 min.

[0014] If the melt index of the ABS resin is too low, the flowability will be poor, the molding performance will be reduced, and the prepared composite material will have obvious floating fiber phenomenon; and if the melt index is too high, the ablation resistance will be reduced, and the burn-through time will be short. Therefore, by adjusting the melt index of the ABS resin to be within the above range, ABS composite material with better molding performance and ablation resistance can be obtained.

[0015] In the present application, the melting range of the glass powder is the temperature range from the start of melting to complete melting of the glass powder; and the initial melting temperature of the glass powder refers to the temperature at which the glass powder starts to melt. The melting range and the initial melting temperature of the glass powder can be measured according to the standard QB / T 1546-2016.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present application, the initial melting temperature of the glass powder can be any one of 450℃, 460℃, 480℃, 500℃, 550℃, 600℃, 650℃, 700℃, 750℃, 800℃, 850℃, 900℃, 950℃, or 1000℃ or a range value between any two of them; in some preferred embodiments of the present application, the initial melting temperature of the glass powder is 460-900℃; and in some more preferred embodiments of the present application, the initial melting temperature of the glass powder is 480-800℃.

[0017] If the initial melting temperature of the glass powder is too high, it will be difficult to disperse during processing, thereby affecting the improvement of ablation resistance; and if the initial melting temperature is too low, the skeleton structure cannot be maintained during ablation, which also affects the improvement of ablation resistance. Therefore, by adjusting the initial melting temperature of the glass powder to be within the above range, ABS composite material with better ablation resistance can be obtained.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present application, the glass powder has a melting range of 450-1000℃; for example, it can be any one of 450℃, 480℃, 500℃, 600℃, 700℃, 800℃, 900℃ or 1000℃, or a range value between any two of them; in some specific embodiments of the present application, the glass powder has a melting range of 480-900℃.

[0019] In some embodiments of the present application, the D50 particle size of the glass powder can be any one of 4μm, 4.3μm, 4.5μm, 5μm, 6μm, 7μm, 8μm, 9μm, 10μm, 11μm or 12μm, or a range value between any two of them; in some preferred embodiments of the present application, the D50 particle size of the glass powder is 4.3-11μm; in some more preferred embodiments of the present application, the D50 particle size of the glass powder is 4.5-10μm.

[0020] The glass powder with a suitable D50 particle size is beneficial to better improve the ablation resistance and maintain good forming performance.

[0021] In some embodiments of the present application, the glass fiber accounts for 10-32wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material; for example, it can be any one of 10wt%, 12wt%, 15wt%, 17wt%, 20wt%, 22wt%, 25wt%, 27wt%, 30wt%, 31wt% or 32wt%, or a range value between any two of them; in some preferred embodiments of the present application, the glass fiber accounts for 12-31wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material; in some more preferred embodiments of the present application, the glass fiber accounts for 15-30wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material.

[0022] Increasing the proportion of the use amount of the glass fiber is beneficial to improve the ablation resistance of the composite material, but too much use amount will affect the compatibility of the glass fiber in the system, leading to the phenomenon of floating fiber and poor forming performance. Therefore, regulating the proportion of the use amount of the glass fiber within the above range can make it better composite with ABS resin and other components such as glass powder, so as to obtain an ABS composite material with good ablation resistance and good forming performance.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the glass powder accounts for 4-13 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material; for example, it can be any one of 4 wt%, 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt%, 10 wt%, 11 wt%, 12 wt% or 13 wt% or a range value between any two of them; in some preferred embodiments of the present application, the glass powder accounts for 4.2-12 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material; in some more preferred embodiments of the present application, the glass powder accounts for 4.5-11 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material.

[0024] Increasing the proportion of the use amount of the glass powder is beneficial to improving the ablation resistance of the composite material, but too much use amount will affect the compatibility and dispersion in the system and reduce the forming performance. Therefore, regulating the proportion of the use amount of the glass powder in the above range can make it better composite with ABS resin and other components such as glass fiber, and obtain an ABS composite material with good ablation resistance and good forming performance.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the glass powder is 1:(0.1-1.1); for example, it can be any one of 1:0.1, 1:0.13, 1:0.16, 1:0.2, 1:0.25, 1:0.3, 1:0.35, 1:0.4, 1:0.5, 1:0.7, 1:0.9, 1:1 or 1:1.1 or a range value between any two of them; in some preferred embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the glass powder is 1:(0.13-0.7); in some more preferred embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the glass powder is 1:(0.16-0.6).

[0026] The glass fiber and the glass powder can play a synergistic effect to improve the ablation resistance of the composite material, and the proportion of the use amount of the two will affect the synergistic effect and also affect the forming performance of the material. Therefore, regulating the mass ratio of the glass fiber to the glass powder in the above range can obtain an ABS composite material with good ablation resistance and good forming performance.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present application, the diameter of the glass fiber is 6-30 μm; for example, it can be any one of 6 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 13 μm, 15 μm, 17 μm, 20 μm, 23 μm, 25 μm, 27 μm or 30 μm or a range value between any two of them.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the glass fiber is 1-10 mm; for example, it can be any one of 1 mm, 2 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, 5 mm, 5.5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm or 10 mm, or a range value between any two of them.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present application, the flame retardant comprises a bromine-based flame retardant, an antimony-based flame retardant, or a combination thereof; in some preferred embodiments of the present application, the flame retardant comprises a bromine-based flame retardant and an antimony-based flame retardant.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present application, the bromine-based flame retardant comprises at least one of tetrabromobisphenol A, brominated epoxy or brominated triazine; in some specific embodiments of the present application, the bromine-based flame retardant is selected from brominated triazine; in some more specific embodiments of the present application, the bromine-based flame retardant is selected from tris (tribromophenoxy) triazine.

[0031] In some embodiments of the present application, the antimony-based flame retardant comprises at least one of antimony trioxide, antimony pentoxide or sodium antimonate; in some specific embodiments of the present application, the antimony-based flame retardant is selected from antimony trioxide.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the ABS composite material comprises 13-22 parts by mass of a bromine-based flame retardant and 1-8 parts by mass of an antimony-based flame retardant; in some specific embodiments of the present application, the ABS composite material comprises 15-20 parts by mass of a bromine-based flame retardant and 2-5 parts by mass of an antimony-based flame retardant.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the ABS composite material further comprises the following components by mass: 0.5-3 parts of an auxiliary agent; in some specific embodiments of the present application, the ABS composite material further comprises the following components by mass: 1-2 parts of an auxiliary agent.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the auxiliary agent comprises at least one of an antioxidant, a lubricant or a combination thereof; in some embodiments of the present application, the auxiliary agent comprises an antioxidant and a lubricant.

[0035] In some embodiments of the present application, the antioxidant comprises at least one of a hindered phenolic antioxidant, a hindered amine antioxidant or a phosphorus-containing antioxidant; in some specific embodiments of the present application, the antioxidant comprises a hindered phenolic antioxidant and a phosphorus-containing antioxidant; in some more specific embodiments of the present application, the mass ratio of the hindered phenolic antioxidant to the phosphorus-containing antioxidant in the antioxidant is 1: (0.5-1.5).

[0036] In some embodiments of the application, the hindered phenolic antioxidant comprises at least one of antioxidant 1010 (pentaerythritol tetrakis[β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)propionate]), antioxidant 1076 (n-octadecyl β-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)propionate), or antioxidant 1098 (N,N'-bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxyphenyl)propionyl]hexyleneglycol diamine); in some specific embodiments of the application, the hindered phenolic antioxidant is selected from antioxidant 1010.

[0037] In some embodiments of the application, the hindered amine antioxidant comprises at least one of light stabilizer 770 (bis-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl sebacate), light stabilizer 744 (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl benzoate), or light stabilizer GW-540 (tris(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidinyl) phosphite).

[0038] In some embodiments of the application, the phosphorus-containing antioxidant comprises at least one of antioxidant 168 (tris[2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl] phosphite), antioxidant PEP-36 (bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenyl) pentaerythritol diphosphite), and antioxidant 608 (3,9-bis(2,4-dicumylphenoxy)-2,4,8,10-tetraoxa-3,9-diphosphaspiro[5.5]undecane); in some specific embodiments of the application, the phosphorus-containing antioxidant is selected from antioxidant 168.

[0039] In some embodiments of the application, the lubricant comprises at least one of a stearic acid lubricant, an amide lubricant, or a silicone lubricant; in some specific embodiments of the application, the lubricant is selected from an amide lubricant.

[0040] In some embodiments of the application, the stearic acid lubricant comprises at least one of calcium stearate, magnesium stearate, or zinc stearate.

[0041] In some embodiments of the application, the amide lubricant comprises at least one of stearamide (SA), erucamide (EA), ethylene bis-stearamide (EBS), or ethylene bis-erucamide (EBA); in some specific embodiments of the application, the amide lubricant is selected from ethylene bis-stearamide (EBS).

[0042] In some embodiments of the application, the silicone lubricant comprises methyl silicone fluid, dimethyl silicone fluid, or a combination thereof.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the ABS composite comprises 0.25-1.5 parts by mass of antioxidant and 0.25-1.5 parts by mass of lubricant; in some specific embodiments of the present application, the ABS composite comprises 0.5-1 parts by mass of antioxidant and 0.5-1 parts by mass of lubricant.

[0044] In some preferred embodiments of the present application, the ABS composite comprises the following components by mass: ABS resin 35-55 parts; Glass fiber 10-30 parts; Glass powder 5-10 parts; Bromine-based flame retardant 13-22 parts; Antimony-based flame retardant 1-8 parts; Antioxidant 0.25-1.5 parts; Lubricant 0.25-1.5 parts.

[0045] The amounts of the components of the ABS composite are controlled within the above ranges, so that the components can play a better synergistic effect, and the obtained ABS composite has better flame retardant performance, ablation resistance and molding performance.

[0046] The second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing the ABS composite of the first aspect of the present application, comprising the following steps: mixing the components, melt extruding to obtain the ABS composite.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the melt extrusion temperature is 170-250℃; for example, it can be any one of 170℃, 180℃, 190℃, 200℃, 210℃, 220℃, 230℃, 240℃ or 250℃ or a range value between any two of them. In some specific embodiments of the present application, the melt extrusion temperature is: zone 1 temperature 180-210℃, zone 2 temperature 190-220℃, zone 3 temperature 200-230℃, zone 4 temperature 200-240℃, zone 5 temperature 200-240℃, zone 6 temperature 200-240℃, zone 7 temperature 190-240℃, zone 8 temperature 190-240℃, zone 9 temperature 190-240℃.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the melt extrusion speed is 150-400 rpm; for example, it can be any one of 150 rpm, 200 rpm, 250 rpm, 300 rpm, 350 rpm or 400 rpm or a range value between any two of them. In some specific embodiments of the present application, the melt extrusion speed is 200-350 rpm.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the melt extrusion feeding speed is 200-500 kg / h; for example, it can be any value in 200 kg / h, 250 kg / h, 300 kg / h, 350 kg / h or 400 kg / h or a range value between any two of them.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the melt extrusion method is selected from a twin-screw extrusion method; the twin-screw extrusion method adopts a screw length-diameter ratio of (36-42):1; for example, it can be any value in 36:1, 37:1, 38:1, 39:1, 40:1, 41:1 or 42:1 or a range value between any two of them.

[0051] The third aspect of the present application provides an application of the ABS composite material of the first aspect of the present application in the preparation of household appliances or electronic and electrical products.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the household appliances specifically include at least one of a refrigerator, an air conditioner, a washing machine, a microwave oven, an electric rice cooker or an induction cooker.

[0053] In some embodiments of the present application, the electronic and electrical products specifically include at least one of a relay, a capacitor, a transformer or a plug connector.

[0054] The beneficial effects of the present application are: the present application adopts an ABS resin with a moderate melt index, combines glass fibers and glass powder with a suitable initial melting temperature and D50 particle size, together improves the ablation resistance, and ensures good processing performance of the material, and finally obtains an ABS composite material with good flame retardant performance, ablation resistance and forming performance, which can effectively meet the requirements of GB4943.1-2022 on the ablation resistance of flame retardant materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The content of the present application is further described in detail through specific examples. It should also be understood that the following examples are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Some non-essential improvements and adjustments made by those skilled in the art based on the principles described in the present application are within the scope of protection of the present application. The specific process parameters in the following examples are only one example in the appropriate range, i.e. those skilled in the art can make appropriate choices within the range through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific data in the following examples. The raw materials, reagents or devices used in the following examples and comparative examples are commercially available or can be obtained by known methods unless otherwise specified.

[0056] (1) Some reagents used in each embodiment and comparative example of the present application are described as follows: ABS resin-1: melt index of 5.5 g / 10 min at 220 °C / 10 kg, test standard ISO 1133-1-2022, model AG10NP, manufacturer China Taiwan Province Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.; ABS resin-2: melt index of 10 g / 10 min at 220 °C / 10 kg, test standard ISO 1133-1-2022, model DG-MG29, manufacturer Tianjin Dagu Chemical Co., Ltd.; ABS resin-3: melt index of 4.5 g / 10 min at 220 °C / 10 kg, test standard ISO 1133-1-2022, model AE8000, manufacturer China Taiwan Province Chemical Fiber Co., Ltd.; ABS resin-4: melt index of 20 g / 10 min at 220 °C / 10 kg, test standard ISO 1133-1-2022, model PA-757, manufacturer China Taiwan Province Chi Mei Industry Co., Ltd.; ABS resin-5: melt index of 2.5 g / 10 min at 220 °C / 10 kg, test standard ISO 1133-1-2022, model PA-747R, manufacturer China Taiwan Province Chi Mei Industry Co., Ltd.; Glass fiber: model ECS13-4.5-534A, typical fiber diameter 13 μm, typical short cut length 4.5 mm, manufacturer China Jushi Co., Ltd.; Glass powder-1: melting range 500-550 °C (initial melting temperature 500 °C), D50 particle size 4.8 μm, model 4051, manufacturer Jiangxi Weifang New Material; Glass powder-2: melting range 620-670 °C (initial melting temperature 620 °C), D50 particle size 6.5 μm, model 6511, manufacturer Jiangxi Weifang New Material; Glass powder-3: melting range 690-730 °C (initial melting temperature 690 °C), D50 particle size 9.5 μm, model 4070, manufacturer Jiangxi Weifang New Material; Glass powder-4: melting range 1100-1200 °C (initial melting temperature 1100 °C), D50 particle size 4.8 μm, model 1098, manufacturer Jiangxi Weifang New Material; Glass powder-5: melting range 370-450 °C (initial melting temperature 370 °C), D50 particle size 3.8 μm, model 4039, manufacturer Jiangxi Weifang New Material; Glass powder-6: melting range of 650-700℃ (initial melting temperature of 650℃), D50 particle size of 15μm, model MC30, manufacturer Zhengzhou Shengleite Hollow Microsphere New Material Co., Ltd. Active whisker silicon: model 5000, particle size 1-5μm, manufacturer Shanghai Huijing Nanometer New Material Co., Ltd.

[0057] Talc: model TYT-777A, 3000 mesh, manufacturer Haicheng Tianyuan Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

[0058] Antioxidant: commercially available hindered phenolic antioxidant 1010 and commercially available phosphite antioxidant 168 in a compound with a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0059] Lubricant: ethylene bis-stearamide (EBS), a conventional commercially available product.

[0060] (2) The preparation process of the ABS composite material of each embodiment and each comparative example of the present application is as follows: Each component is weighed according to the formula, mixed, melt extruded, and post-processed, and the ABS composite material is obtained. The melt blending extrusion conditions are as follows: zone 1 temperature 180-210℃, zone 2 temperature 190-220℃, zone 3 temperature 200-230℃, zone 4 temperature 200-240℃, zone 5 temperature 200-240℃, zone 6 temperature 200-240℃, zone 7 temperature 190-240℃, zone 8 temperature 190-240℃, zone 9 temperature 190-240℃, and main machine speed 200-350rpm; the length-diameter ratio of the twin-screw extruder is (38-40):1, and the feeding speed is 300-400kg / h.

[0061] (3) The ABS composite material provided by each embodiment and comparative example of the present application is used as a test sample, and the performance is determined according to the following test method: Flame retardancy test: reference standard UL-94-2023; injection molding specification is 125×13×3.0mm standard test piece, using vertical burning tester for testing; according to the standard, the test results include V-0, V-1, V-2, V-2 cannot be reached, etc.

[0062] Ablation resistance test method: reference standard GB 4943.1-2022 S.2 needle flame test method, using a 12mm high butane flame to continuously ablate a 1.0mm×100mm×100mm material square plate (the flame extends into the square plate by 5mm), and the burning time T is recorded, unit s, T>60s is tested to pass.

[0063] Appearance evaluation method: the appearance of the test sample is graded according to the following standards: best ++ (surface smooth, no floating fiber), better + (surface smooth overall, with slight, uniform glass fiber lines), ordinary 0 (surface has obvious glass fiber reinforced material characteristic lines or slight "floating fiber" feeling, hand feeling has clear particle feeling, but not sharp), worse - ("floating fiber" phenomenon is serious, surface is rough, particle feeling is obvious and may be accompanied by sharp feeling), worst -- (surface is extremely rough, a large number of glass fibers are exposed, and the "floating fiber" and cloud spot phenomenon is serious).

[0064] Examples 1~10 and Comparative Examples 1~13 Examples 1~10 and Comparative Examples 1~13 provide a series of ABS composite materials, the formulations of which are shown in Tables 1~3. The performance of the ABS composite materials of each example and comparative example is measured according to the test methods mentioned above, and the performance test results are also shown in Tables 1~3.

[0065] Table 1 Formulations of Examples 1~10 and their performance test results

[0066] Table 2 Formulations of Comparative Examples 1~7 and their performance test results

[0067] Table 3 Formulations of Comparative Examples 8~13 and their performance test results

[0068] From Tables 1~3, it can be seen that the flame-retardant properties of the ABS composite materials of Examples 1~10 of the present application can all reach V-0 level, the burn-through time measured according to GB4943.1-2022 S.2 is all above 63s, and the appearance level is all at 0 level or above, which has good flame-retardant properties, ablation resistance and molding properties.

[0069] The ABS resin used in Comparative Example 1 has a too high melt index, resulting in poor ablative resistance of the composite material and a short burn-through time; the ABS resin used in Comparative Example 2 has a too low melt index, resulting in poor flowability and molding performance of the composite material, and the prepared composite material has obvious floating fiber phenomenon. The glass powder used in Comparative Example 3 has a too high initial melting temperature, resulting in difficulty in dispersion during processing, poor ablative resistance, and a short burn-through time; the glass powder used in Comparative Example 4 has a too low initial melting temperature and a small particle size, resulting in failure to maintain the skeleton structure during ablation and poor ablative resistance and a short burn-through time; the glass powder used in Comparative Example 5 has a too large particle size, resulting in poor appearance performance; in Comparative Example 6, the glass fiber is replaced by active whisker silicon, in Comparative Example 7, the glass powder is replaced by talc powder, and in Comparative Example 8, no glass fiber is added, and in Comparative Example 11, no glass powder is added, all of which result in a significant decrease in ablative resistance and a significant shortening of the burn-through time, indicating that the use of glass fiber or glass powder alone generally improves the ablative resistance of the ABS composite material, and the synergistic effect of the two is an important factor for achieving high-efficiency ablative resistance of the ABS composite material. In Comparative Example 9, the amount of glass fiber is too much, resulting in floating fiber phenomenon, poor appearance performance, and poor molding performance; in Comparative Example 10, the amount of glass fiber is too little, resulting in a decrease in ablative resistance; in Comparative Example 12, the amount of glass powder is too much, affecting the compatibility and dispersion of the glass powder in the system and the dispersion of the glass fiber in the system, resulting in floating fiber phenomenon, poor appearance performance, and poor molding performance; in Comparative Example 13, the amount of glass powder is too little, and the ablative resistance also decreases. As can be seen from Comparative Examples 9-10 and Comparative Examples 12-13, the addition ratio of glass fiber and glass powder also has an important influence on achieving high-efficiency ablative resistance and good molding performance of the ABS composite material.

[0070] In summary, the ABS resin with a moderate melt index, combined with glass fiber and glass powder with a suitable initial melting temperature and D50 particle size, is used to improve the ablative resistance and ensure good processing performance of the material, and the finally obtained ABS composite material has good flame-retardant performance, ablative resistance, and molding performance, and can effectively meet the requirements of GB 4943.1-2022 on the ablative resistance of flame-retardant materials.

Claims

1. An ABS composite material, characterized by, The ABS composite material comprises the following components by mass fraction: ABS resin 33-57 parts; Glass fiber 8-32 parts; Glass powder 4-12 parts; Flame retardant 14-30 parts; The ABS resin has a melt index of 3-15 g / 10 min at 220℃ / 10 kg; The glass powder has an initial melting temperature of 450-1000℃ and a D50 particle size of 4-12 μm.

2. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The glass fiber accounts for 10-32 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material.

3. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The glass powder accounts for 4-13 wt% of the total mass of the ABS composite material.

4. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The mass ratio of the glass fiber to the glass powder is 1:(0.1-1.1).

5. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The glass fiber has a diameter of 6-30 μm. The glass fiber has a length of 1-10 mm.

6. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The flame retardant comprises a bromine-based flame retardant, an antimony-based flame retardant, or a combination thereof.

7. The ABS composite of claim 1, wherein, The ABS composite material further comprises an auxiliary agent 0.5-3 parts by mass fraction.

8. The ABS composite of claim 7, wherein, The auxiliary agent comprises an antioxidant, a lubricant, or a combination thereof.

9. A process for the production of an ABS composite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The ABS composite material is prepared by mixing the components and melt extruding.

10. Use of the ABS composite material according to any one of claims 1-8 in the preparation of a household appliance or an electronic and electrical product.

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