This invention discloses a
surface modification method for preventing pore blockage in porous high-entropy oxides and its application in
polymer-based
microwave absorbing materials, belonging to the field of
surface modification technology for electromagnetic functional materials. The method includes: providing porous high-entropy oxides with a
porosity of 30%~70% and a pore size of 0.2~10μm; selectively constructing a low
surface energy barrier layer on the outer surface and pore openings of the porous high-entropy
oxide particles via vapor deposition or liquid-phase self-
assembly, while utilizing the
diffusion-limiting effect during deposition to form a pore-narrowing
bottleneck structure; the
barrier layer thickness is 5~50nm, ensuring a
contact angle ≥100° between the
polymer melt and the filler surface at the corresponding
processing temperature; the pore size of the
bottleneck structure is 10~150nm, and the pore size is smaller than the internal pore size, which is maintained at 0.2~10μm. When this surface-modified porous high-entropy
oxide is applied to
polymer-based
microwave absorbing materials, after melt
processing (
thermoplastic) or curing (thermosetting), the pore
retention rate, based on
mercury intrusion porosimetry and SEM statistics, is ≥85%, and the atomic percentage of characteristic elements in the
barrier layer inside the pores is ≤1%. The modified porous (FeCoNiMnCr)O... X Taking nylon 66 filler as an example, the resulting
composite material exhibits a minimum
reflection loss of ≤-27dB in the 2~18GHz
frequency band, an effective
absorption bandwidth of ≥5.5GHz, and a tensile strength of ≥35MPa. This invention effectively solves the common technical problem of easy pore blockage in porous high-entropy oxides during polymer composite processes, combining process
controllability with industrial application value.