Cosmetic composition for care and/or makeup, comprising: 1) a liquid fatty phase comprising at least one silicone oil, structured with a gelling system comprising at least one polymer (homopolymer or copolymer) with a weight-average molecular mass ranging from 500 to 500,000, containing at least one moiety comprising: at least one polyorganosiloxane group, composed of 1 to 1000 organosiloxane units in the chain of the moiety or in the form of a graft, and at least two groups capable of establishing hydrogen interactions chosen from among the ester, amide, sulfonamide, carbamate, thiocarbamate, urea, thiourea, oxamido, guanidino, biguanidino groups, and combinations thereof, on condition that at least one of the groups is other than an ester group, the polymer being solid at room temperature and soluble in the liquid fatty phase at a temperature of 25 to 250° C., and 2) at least one film-forming silicone resin, the liguid fatty phase, the gelling system and the film-forming silicone resin forming a physiologically acceptable medium.