The invention relates to a high abrasion-resistant tread rubber for a middle and long distance highway transportation type radial tire and a producing method of the tread rubber, wherein the producing method comprises the following processing steps:(1) first-stage mixing: adding nature rubber SMR20,butadiene rubber, butadiene styrene rubber and peptizer into a mixing chamber for raw rubber plastication, then adding N234 carbon black, white carbon black, a silane coupling agent, zinc oxide, stearic acid, a dispersing agent and a plasticizer for mixing, finally adding N234 carbon black for mixing, and obtaining the first-stage original rubber by discharging rubber; (2) standing for first time; (3) second-stage mixing: adding first-stage original rubber, the N234 carbon black, an anti-aging agent RD, an anti-aging agent 4020 and microcrystalline wax into an internal mixer for mixing, and obtaining second-stage original rubber by discharging rubber after the mixing; (4) standing for second time; and (5) final mixing: adding the second-stage original rubber, sulphur, an accelerator NS and a scorch retarder CTP (cytidine triphosphate) into the mixing chamber for mixing, and obtaining the tread rubber by discharging rubber. In the invention, the abrasion resistance of middle and long distance highway transportation type radial tires can be greatly enhanced, the producing and working efficiency is enhanced, and energy is greatly saved.