Remanufacturing method for cutter and cutter head of intelligent shield tunneling machine
By pre-embedding sensor holes and combining high-power and low-power laser cladding, the problems of sensor installation accuracy and repair layer continuity were solved, enabling efficient and reliable remanufacturing of sensors, tunnel boring machine cutters, and cutterheads.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-20
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, the separate operation of sensor pre-embedding and substrate repair processes can disrupt the overall continuity of the repair layer. Sensor installation is difficult to guarantee spatial positioning accuracy, and the lack of dynamic control of laser processing parameters leads to mechanical synergy between the sensor and the tool body, as well as distortion of monitoring data, and poses a risk of interface stress concentration.
The process involves reserving pre-embedded holes for sensors, implanting sensors, and remanufacturing subsequent layers. By combining high-power and low-power lasers, the heat-affected zone of laser cladding is controlled, ensuring the precise installation and efficient repair of sensors with tunnel boring machine cutters and cutterheads.
It improves the accuracy of sensor data and the success rate of remanufacturing, ensures the structural compatibility and long-term working stability of the sensor, tool, and cutter head, and avoids the problems of thermal damage and installation gaps in traditional methods.
Smart Images
Figure CN121629385A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of shield machines, and particularly relates to a remanufacturing method for intelligent shield machine cutters and cutterheads. BACKGROUND
[0002] When the laser cladding technology is applied to the remanufacturing and repair of shield machine cutters and cutterheads, the traditional process paradigm is established on the basis of a high-power continuous laser as a heat source, aiming to realize efficient and deep-melting metallurgical bonding to meet the requirements of high strength and high wear resistance of the shield cutter. With the development of intelligent shield equipment, sensors (such as fiber Bragg gratings and piezoelectric elements) embedded in the cutter have become core components for monitoring the state (such as deformation, temperature and wear) of the cutter. The installation of such sensors usually involves first machining a deep hole in the cutter or cutterhead and then embedding the sensor in the hole. However, the inherent thermal sensitivity and mechanical fragility of such precision devices, such as sensors, have a temperature resistance limit, packaging integrity and signal stability that are much lower than those of the metal matrix, which not only increases the complexity of deep hole machining, but also increases the difficulty of embedding the sensor.
[0003] In the prior art, the process of "repairing first and then installing" is often used: first, a high-power continuous laser is used to repair the damaged part of the base, drilling is performed at a specified position of the repair layer, and the sensor is assembled into the hole. However, the traditional high-power continuous laser process is prone to heat accumulation, severe temperature gradient and unavoidable thermal stress due to high heat input, which in turn leads to the following problems: (1) the separation of the sensor embedding and base repair processes will damage the overall continuity of the repair layer and weaken the interfacial bonding strength of the repair layer and the base; (2) the post-installation installation cannot guarantee the spatial positioning accuracy of the sensor, and the secondary processing may produce installation gaps, affecting the mechanical synergy of the sensor and the cutter body, and leading to distorted monitoring data; (3) the existing laser processing parameters are mostly set based on material repair requirements, and lack a dynamic adjustment mechanism for sensor protection, which cannot adaptively adjust the energy density and range according to real-time monitoring data, resulting in a conflict between processing accuracy and sensor function protection; (4) the physical property differences (such as mismatched thermal expansion coefficients) between the sensor and the repair layer material easily cause interfacial stress concentration during use, increasing the risk of sensor failure. SUMMARY
[0004] The purpose of the present application is to avoid the shortcomings of the prior art to some extent and provide a remanufacturing method for intelligent shield machine cutters and cutterheads. Through the process mode of "reserving a sensor embedding hole - implanting a sensor - remanufacturing a subsequent layer", the difficulty of sensor implantation is reduced, the success rate of remanufacturing is improved, the accuracy of sensor data is ensured, and the technical level of the remanufacturing and repair process of the entire intelligent shield machine cutter and cutterhead is improved.
[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solution: a method for remanufacturing intelligent shield cutter and cutter head, comprising the following steps: (1) cleaning the damaged intelligent shield cutter and cutter head; establishing a corresponding three-dimensional coordinate positioning model to determine the sensor pre-buried position, size and spatial distribution parameters; (2) according to the three-dimensional coordinate positioning model, using the first laser to perform laser cladding on the to-be-cladded area, when the laser cladding process advances to the preset sensor embedding layer, the wear layer is repaired at the same time, and the pre-buried hole matched with the sensor is reserved; (3) implanting the sensor into the pre-buried hole; (4) first, using the first laser to perform laser cladding on the subsequent layer, when the laser cladding operation area moves to the adjacent area of the sensor, switching to the second laser, and using the second laser to perform laser cladding operation on the adjacent area of the sensor; by controlling the distance between the heat affected zone generated by the laser cladding operation and the sensor, the performance failure of the sensor is avoided; wherein the power of the first laser is greater than the power of the second laser; (5) nondestructive testing of the sensor installation area.
[0006] Further, the power of the first laser is greater than 1KW.
[0007] Further, the spot diameter of the first laser is 1-5mm.
[0008] Further, the power of the second laser is less than or equal to 1KW.
[0009] Further, the spot diameter of the second laser is less than 1mm.
[0010] Further, the implantation method of the sensor in step (3) is: placing the sensor into the pre-buried hole, adjusting the position and attitude of the sensor and preliminarily fixing; then using a filler to fill and solidify the gap between the sensor and the pre-buried hole.
[0011] Further, the preliminary fixing mode includes one or more of adhesive fixing and mechanical fixing.
[0012] Further, the filler includes one or more of titanium alloy powder, cobalt-based alloy powder and epoxy-based composite material.
[0013] Further, in the process of using the first laser to perform laser cladding on the subsequent layer in step (4), the buried sensor is used to monitor the laser cladding area in real time and obtain the distance between the heat affected zone generated by the laser cladding operation and the sensor; when the distance reaches the preset distance critical threshold, the second laser is switched on, and the laser cladding operation is performed on the adjacent area of the sensor by the second laser.
[0014] Further, the non-destructive testing method of step (5) includes one or more of ultrasonic testing, optical testing techniques.
[0015] The method has the advantages that: The method firstly determines the sensor pre-buried position, size and spatial distribution parameters through a three-dimensional coordinate positioning model, ensures the spatial position accuracy of the sensor and the monitoring point, and avoids the positioning deviation that may be caused by late installation. Secondly, in the laser cladding process, high-power laser is used for efficient laser cladding repair operation for other areas away from the sensor; and small-power laser is switched for local micro-machining processing for the sensor adjacent area. Through the optimization design of laser parameters, the heat affected zone and mechanical stress generated by laser operation can be strictly limited in a small area around the sensor. While ensuring efficient and deep melting metallurgical bonding to meet the requirements of high strength and high wear resistance of the shield cutter, the heat damage, vibration interference or structure micro-cracks that may be caused by traditional welding or mechanical processing to the sensitive elements are effectively avoided, and the original performance indicators of the sensor are protected. At the same time, the sensor pre-buried hole is reserved in the laser cladding repair process, and the sensor is implanted synchronously, so that the sensor and the shield cutter and the cutter disc repair layer are integrally formed, the installation gap or insufficient bonding strength caused by the secondary processing of the traditional after-mounted sensor is avoided, the structural synergy and spatial position accuracy of the sensor and the cutter and the cutter disc body are significantly improved, and the long-term working stability of the sensor in the complex geological environment is ensured.
[0016] The method realizes accurate pre-burial and convenient installation of the sensor in the laser cladding repair process through the combination of layer-by-layer processing and local energy control technology, can adapt to various sensor pre-burial remanufacturing and repair conditions of the shield cutter and the cutter disc, can realize the prefabrication of geometric features required for the installation of special-shaped structure sensors, and ensures accurate regulation and control of laser parameters after the sensor is buried, and ensures the functional integrity and structural reliability of the sensor after the remanufacturing and repair of the intelligent shield cutter and the cutter disc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the remanufacturing method of the intelligent shield cutter and cutter disc according to the present application; Figure 2 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pre-buried fiber Bragg grating position sensor of the shield cutter according to Embodiment 2; Figure 3 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pre-buried temperature sensor of the shield cutter according to Embodiment 3; Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the pre-buried earth pressure sensor of the shield cutter disc according to Embodiment 4; REFERENCE NUMERALS 1, cutter; 2, sensor adjacent area; 3, to be cladded area; 4, fiber grating sensor; 5, cutter ring; 6, to be cladded area; 7, sensor adjacent area; 8, thermocouple temperature sensor; 9, cutter head; 10, earth pressure sensor; 11, sensor adjacent area; 12, to be cladded area. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail by referring to the attached drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present application is more thorough and complete, and the scope of the present application is fully conveyed to those skilled in the art.
[0019] Example 1: A method for remanufacturing an intelligent shield cutter and cutter head As shown in the drawings, a method for remanufacturing an intelligent shield cutter and cutter head includes the following steps: Figure 1 Cleaning the damaged intelligent shield cutter and cutter head; establishing a corresponding three-dimensional coordinate positioning model to determine the sensor pre-embedding position, size and spatial distribution parameters; First, perform systematic disassembly and cleaning of the damaged cutter or cutter head, remove the cutting chips, oil stains, grinding chips and other impurities on the surface and gaps of the intelligent shield cutter and cutter head, and ensure that the cleanliness of the working environment meets the process requirements, to avoid interference of impurities, environmental pollutants and the like on subsequent repair and sensor installation operations. According to the structural design of the shield cutter or cutter head and the sensor monitoring requirements, determine the sensor pre-embedding position, pre-embedding hole size and spatial distribution parameters, and establish a corresponding three-dimensional coordinate positioning model. Ensure the spatial position accuracy of the sensor and the monitoring point, and avoid positioning deviation that may be generated in the later installation.
[0020] (2) According to the three-dimensional coordinate positioning model, use the first laser to perform laser cladding on the to-be-cladded area, and when the laser cladding process advances to the preset sensor embedding layer position, reserve a pre-embedding hole adapted to the sensor while completing the wear layer repair;
[0021] In this embodiment, the power of the first laser is greater than 1KW. In this embodiment, the spot diameter of the first laser is 1-5mm.
[0022]
[0023] In the laser cladding repair process, a large power and large spot continuous laser is used for laser cladding repair operation on other areas far away from the sensor to achieve high-efficiency and deep-melting metallurgical bonding to meet the requirements of high strength and high wear resistance of the shield cutter. At the same time, according to the three-dimensional coordinate positioning model, when the laser cladding operation process advances to the preset sensor embedding layer, a pre-buried hole suitable for the sensor is reserved while the worn layer is repaired, so as to ensure that the groove depth, inner wall smoothness and position accuracy meet the design standards. Through the preset machining path and material accumulation control, the pre-buried hole corresponding to the geometric characteristics can be made according to the requirements of the sensor shape size, mounting point and other requirements to realize the geometric characteristic prefabrication required for the installation of the special-shaped sensor, and ensure the adaptability of the pre-buried hole and the sensor. Through the integrated forming process mode, the problems of installation gap or insufficient bonding strength caused by secondary processing of traditional post-mounted sensors are avoided, the structural synergy and spatial position accuracy of the sensor and the cutter and cutter body of the shield machine are significantly improved, and the long-term working stability of the sensor in complex geological environment is ensured.
[0024] (3) implanting the sensor into the pre-buried hole; In this embodiment, the implantation method of the sensor in step (3) is to place the sensor into the pre-buried hole, adjust the position and attitude of the sensor and preliminarily fix it, and then use a filler to fill and solidify the gap between the sensor and the pre-buried hole.
[0025] In this embodiment, the preliminary fixing method includes one or more of adhesive fixing and mechanical fixing.
[0026] In this embodiment, the filler includes one or more of titanium alloy powder, cobalt-based alloy powder and epoxy-based composite material.
[0027] In the sensor implantation process, the sensor is first placed into the pre-buried hole, preliminarily fixed by high-temperature resistant adhesive or mechanical clamping structure, the attitude of the sensor is adjusted to ensure that the sensitive element of the sensor is accurately aligned with the monitoring target area. After the position and attitude calibration is completed, the inside of the pre-buried hole is cleaned to remove residual impurities, and finally a filler compatible with the repair layer material of the cutter and cutter of the shield machine is used to fill the gap in the hole and solidify it, so that the sensor is tightly combined with the pre-buried hole, and the filling process needs to be strictly controlled to avoid the generation of bubbles or residual impurities, so as to ensure the position accuracy of the sensor.
[0028] (4) first use the first laser to implement laser cladding on the subsequent layer, when the laser cladding operation area moves to the adjacent area of the sensor, switch to the second laser, and use the second laser to implement laser cladding operation on the adjacent area of the sensor; by controlling the distance between the heat affected zone generated by the laser cladding operation and the sensor, the performance failure of the sensor is avoided; wherein the power of the first laser is greater than the power of the second laser. In this embodiment, the power of the second laser is less than or equal to 1 KW.
[0029] In this embodiment, the spot diameter of the second laser is less than 1 mm.
[0030] In this embodiment, in the process of using the first laser to implement laser cladding on the subsequent layer, the buried sensor is used to monitor the laser cladding area in real time and obtain the distance between the heat-affected zone generated by the laser cladding operation and the sensor; when the distance reaches the preset distance critical threshold, the second laser is switched, and the laser cladding operation is performed on the area adjacent to the sensor by the second laser.
[0031] In the laser cladding process, for other areas away from the sensor, high-efficiency laser cladding repair operation is carried out by using high-power laser; for the area adjacent to the sensor, local micro-machining processing is carried out by switching to low-power laser; the parameters of the laser action area are monitored in real time by the buried sensor to feedback, and the laser pulse frequency is dynamically adjusted, so that the heat-affected zone and mechanical stress generated by the laser cladding operation are strictly limited in a small area around the sensor. In order to ensure efficient and deep-melt metallurgical bonding to meet the requirements of high strength and high wear resistance of the shield cutter, the heat damage, vibration interference or structural micro-cracks caused by traditional welding or mechanical processing to sensitive components can be effectively avoided, and the original performance index of the sensor is protected. Specifically, in the laser cladding process of the subsequent layer, the output signal data of the sensor is obtained by monitoring the laser cladding area in real time by the buried sensor, and the distance between the heat-affected zone generated by the laser cladding operation and the sensor is determined according to the output signal data of the sensor; when the distance does not reach the preset distance critical threshold, it indicates that the laser cladding area is away from the sensor at this time, and the heat-affected zone and mechanical stress generated by the laser cladding action will not affect the sensor; at this time, high-power and large-spot continuous laser is used for cladding operation, which can realize efficient and deep-melt metallurgical bonding to meet the requirements of high strength and high wear resistance of the shield cutter. With the progress of the laser cladding operation, when the distance reaches the preset distance critical threshold, it indicates that the laser cladding area is adjacent to the sensor at this time, and the heat-affected zone and mechanical stress generated by the laser cladding action may affect the sensor; if high-power and large-spot laser is continued to be used, it may cause damage to the sensor and affect the function of the sensor; at this time, low-power and small-spot laser should be switched in time to continue the laser cladding operation, which can strictly limit the heat-affected zone and mechanical stress generated by the laser cladding action in a small area around the sensor. This method meets the metallurgical bonding requirements of the repair layer, realizes the lossless protection of sensitive components, and solves the process contradiction between high-strength remanufacturing and precise sensor components.
[0032] (5) Non-destructive testing is performed on the sensor installation area.
[0033] In this embodiment, the non-destructive testing method of step (5) includes one or more of ultrasonic testing, optical testing technology.
[0034] After completing all remanufacturing processes, the sensor installation area is subjected to non-destructive testing using ultrasonic testing and optical testing technology to verify the bonding strength of the repair layer and the integrity of the sensor packaging. The stability and accuracy of the sensor output signal are confirmed through electrical performance testing to ensure the functional integrity and structural reliability of the sensors after remanufacturing of the cutter and cutterhead of the shield machine.
[0035] Example 2: A remanufacturing method for embedding an optical fiber grating position sensor in a shield cutter As shown in Figure 2 The shield cutter selected in this embodiment is a shield cutter 1 with a width of 120 mm (material: 35CrMnSiA alloy), and the area to be cladded 3 is the failure site with a blade wear of 8 mm. First, the damaged cutter is disassembled, the mud in the cutterhead groove is thoroughly flushed with a high-pressure water gun, and the mud in the groove is completely discharged with a mud suction pump. After completing the cleaning of the cutterhead groove, the fasteners such as bolts and nuts that fix the cutter 1 are disassembled one by one according to the original installation method of the cutter 1. A three-coordinate measuring instrument is used to establish a three-dimensional model of the cutter, and the size of the embedded hole is set to 0.3 mm in length, 0.2 mm in width, and 25 mm in depth, with a position tolerance of ±0.05 mm. In the laser cladding operation, when a continuous fiber laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm (power 1.2 kW, spot diameter 3 mm, scanning speed 8 mm / s) is used to complete the bottom layer cladding with a thickness of 5 mm (while reserving the sensor embedded hole), the perpendicularity error of the inner wall of the groove is ensured to be ≤0.05 mm. A bare optical fiber grating sensor 4 with a diameter of 0.125 mm (grating length 8 mm, center wavelength 1550 nm, measurement range ±1000με) is fixed in the groove by using a high-temperature resistant inorganic adhesive (temperature resistance 400℃, shear strength ≥20MPa), the angle between the grating axis and the feed direction of the cutter 1 is adjusted to 0°, and titanium alloy powder (particle size 30-100μm) is used for gap filling, and laser sintering of the filler is completed under inert gas protection (argon flow rate 15L / min). The rear end of the optical fiber is connected with the optical fiber slip ring to transmit the optical signal. When cladding the middle layer with a thickness of 3 mm, the laser is switched to an ultrafast pulse laser mode when it reaches the area adjacent to the sensor 2: power density 7.5W / mm 2, spot diameter 0.4mm, pulse frequency 8kHz, scanning speed 120mm / s, synchronously open argon protection (flow rate 15L / min), dynamically adjust laser parameters through the wavelength drift amount (accuracy ±1pm) of real-time feedback of the fiber grating sensor 4, control the heat affected zone within 0.15mm outside the packaging boundary of the fiber grating sensor 4. After cladding, ultrasonic detection shows that the bonding strength of the repaired layer is ≥450MPa, optical detection confirms that the sensor 4 packaging has no cracks; electrical performance test shows that the output signal linearity R 2 =0.998 of the sensor 4 in the 0-5mm displacement range is 0.998, the repeatability error is ≤0.2%FS, which meets the accuracy requirements of real-time stress monitoring of the shield cutter.
[0036] Example 3 A remanufacturing method of a shield cutter embedded temperature sensor As shown in Figure 3 , this embodiment selects a shield cutter with a diameter of 100mm (material 35CrMnSiA alloy) and embeds a K-type thermocouple temperature sensor 8; the sensor embedding position is set at the joint of the cutter hub and the cutter ring 5, with a radial embedding depth of 10mm, and the cladding area 6 is 8mm deep. First, the damaged cutter is subjected to high-pressure flushing and mechanical disassembly to remove surface dirt, oil stains and fatigue spalling layer; during laser cladding repair, when continuous fiber laser with wavelength 1064nm (power 1.2kW, spot diameter 3mm, scanning speed 8mm / s) is used for cladding and the sensor embedding hole is ensured, when the thickness of the repaired layer reaches the preset embedding layer position, the groove flatness error is ensured to be ≤0.02mm. The thermocouple temperature sensor 8 is implanted into the groove, and is axially fixed by high-temperature ceramic glue (temperature resistance 450℃); cobalt-based alloy powder (particle size 45-120μm) is used for gap filling, and laser solidification is completed in an environment with a vacuum degree of ≤5Pa. The back end of the sensor circuit is connected with the electric slip ring, and the electric signal is transmitted out. When the sensor adjacent area 7 is cladded, switch to ultrafast pulse laser mode (power density 7W / mm 2 , spot diameter 0.35mm, pulse frequency 6kHz, scanning speed 120mm / s), dynamically adjust laser parameters through the temperature signal (sampling frequency 1kHz) of real-time feedback of the thermocouple temperature sensor 8, control the heat affected zone within 0.2mm outside the sensor packaging boundary. After cladding, ultrasonic detection shows that the cladding layer bonding strength is ≥380MPa, optical detection confirms that the sensor packaging has no cracks; electrical performance test shows that the output signal linearity R 2 =0.997 of the thermocouple temperature sensor 8 in the 0~300℃ interval is 0.997, the temperature drift is ≤0.2℃ / h, which meets the real-time temperature monitoring requirements of the shield cutter.
[0037] Example 4 A remanufacturing method of a shield cutter embedded earth pressure sensor As shown in Figure 4As shown, the embodiment selects a shield cutter 9 with a diameter of 6.2 m (material Q345D low alloy steel), and pre-buried micro piezoresistive soil pressure sensor 10 (range 0-5 MPa, accuracy ±0.2% FS, diameter 8 mm, height 5 cm, sensitive diaphragm thickness 0.3 mm); the sensor pre-buried position is set at the edge area of the cutter panel, the pre-buried hole is designed as a hole structure with a diameter of 8.5 mm and a depth of 6 cm, and the cladding area 12 is 3 cm deep. First, the damaged cutter is subjected to high-pressure flushing and mechanical pretreatment to remove the surface rust layer and concrete attached slag; during the laser cladding repair process, a CO2 laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm is used to prepare the pre-buried hole and the repair layer, the cutting power is controlled at 1.2 W, and the spot diameter is 2 mm. When the thickness of the repair layer reaches the preset buried layer position, ensure that the groove bottom flatness error is ≤0.03 mm. The soil pressure sensor 10 is implanted into the groove and mechanically fixed by a titanium alloy snap ring (pre-tightening force 5 N·m), and the angle between the sensitive diaphragm and the cutter panel is adjusted to 0°; an epoxy-based composite material (tensile strength ≥80 MPa) is used to fill the gap and cured at 60°C for 2 h. The back end of the sensor circuit is connected to the electric slip ring, and the electric signal is transmitted out. Continue cladding operation to the sensor adjacent area 11, switch to ultrafast pulse laser mode (power density 5 W / mm 2 , spot diameter 0.4 mm, pulse frequency 4 kHz, scanning speed 180 mm / s), dynamically adjust the laser parameters through the real-time feedback pressure signal (sampling frequency 500 Hz) of the soil pressure sensor 10, and control the heat-affected zone to be outside the packaging boundary of the soil pressure sensor 10 by 0.2 mm. After cladding is completed, ultrasonic detection shows that the bonding strength of the repair layer is ≥320 MPa, and pressure calibration test shows that the output linearity R 2 of the soil pressure sensor 10 in the range of 0-5 MPa is 0.999, and the hysteresis error is ≤0.15% FS, meeting the demand of soil pressure monitoring in shield construction.
[0038] It can be understood that the above embodiment only expresses the preferred embodiment of the present application, and the description is more specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as a limitation on the scope of the patent of the present application; it should be pointed out that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, the above technical features can be freely combined without departing from the concept of the present application, and some deformations and improvements can be made, which belong to the protection scope of the present application; therefore, any equivalent transformation and modification within the scope of the claims of the present application shall belong to the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims
1. A method for reconstructing a smart shield machine cutter, cutterhead, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Cleaning the damaged intelligent shield cutter and cutterhead; establishing a corresponding three-dimensional coordinate positioning model, determining the sensor pre-embedding position, size and spatial distribution parameters; According to the three-dimensional coordinate positioning model, a first laser is used to perform laser cladding on the to-be-cladded area, and when the laser cladding process advances to the preset sensor embedding layer position, a pre-embedding hole suitable for the sensor is reserved while repairing the worn layer; The sensor is implanted in the pre-embedding hole; First, a first laser is used to perform laser cladding on the subsequent layer position, and when the laser cladding operation area moves to the adjacent area of the sensor, a second laser is switched to and used to perform laser cladding operation on the adjacent area of the sensor; by controlling the distance between the heat-affected zone generated by the laser cladding operation and the sensor, the performance failure of the sensor is avoided; The power of the first laser is greater than the power of the second laser. The sensor installation area is subjected to non-destructive testing.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The power of the first laser is greater than 1KW.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: The spot diameter of the first laser is 1-5mm.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The power of the second laser is less than or equal to 1KW.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: The spot diameter of the second laser is less than 1mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: The implantation method of the sensor in step (3) is: the sensor is placed in the pre-embedding hole, the position and attitude of the sensor are adjusted and preliminarily fixed; then a filler is used to fill and solidify the gap between the sensor and the pre-embedding hole.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises: The preliminary fixing method includes one or more of adhesive fixing and mechanical fixing.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises: The filler includes one or more of titanium alloy powder, cobalt-based alloy powder and epoxy-based composite material.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: determining a location of the shield machine cutter; and determining a location of the shield machine cutter disc. In the process of step (4), the distance between the heat-affected zone generated by the laser cladding operation and the sensor is monitored in real time by the buried sensor; when the distance reaches a preset distance critical threshold, the second laser is switched to and used to perform laser cladding operation on the adjacent area of the sensor.
10. A method for remanufacturing intelligent tunnel boring machine cutters and cutterheads according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-destructive testing method in step (5) includes one or more of ultrasonic testing and optical detection technology.