Emergency drainage structure and design, layout and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy projects, and discloses an emergency drainage structure and a design, layout and use method thereof. The emergency drainage structure comprises an aqueduct, a drainage channel and a control module; the aqueduct is provided with a water drainage opening used for emergency water drainage. The drainage channel is arranged on a drainage opening of the aqueduct and used for controlling opening and closing of the drainage opening, and the drainage channel comprises blocking layers connected through explosive bolts. The control module is arranged on the aqueduct and used for controlling detonation of the explosive bolts. The design method and the layout method are used for the emergency drainage structure. The using method is based on the emergency drainage structure. Therefore, top-speed response and accurate control are achieved, that is, the action time of the explosive bolt is at the millisecond level, the whole water drainage process is completed within several seconds, and an earthquake early warning window is perfectly matched. Layered design of the water drainage channel is achieved through a plurality of blocking layers, water drainage according to needs can be achieved instead of complete emptying, water resources are guaranteed to the maximum degree, and impact is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an emergency water discharge structure and a design, layout and use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] As the most widely used cross structure in irrigation district engineering, the aqueduct has the characteristics of "heavy head and light foot", which is extremely unfavorable for the structure to resist earthquakes. Taking earthquake disasters as an example, if the water in the aqueduct is regulated before the arrival of the destructive S wave of the earthquake, the bending moment at the bottom of the pier will be greatly reduced, the structural response of the aqueduct under strong earthquakes will be reduced, and the earthquake disaster will be reduced. However, the opening and closing speed of the existing water discharge gate (electric, hydraulic, manual) is usually in minutes, and the effective window period of earthquake warning is only 10-30 seconds, which has a large time difference, resulting in the inability to use the warning information for active disaster reduction. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is that the opening and closing time of the existing aqueduct water discharge gate is much longer than the effective window time of earthquake warning, and the purpose is to provide an emergency water discharge structure and a design, layout and use method thereof to solve the above problems.

[0004] The present application is realized by the following technical scheme:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an emergency water discharge structure, comprising an aqueduct, a water discharge channel and a control module;

[0006] The aqueduct is provided with a water discharge port for emergency water discharge;

[0007] The water discharge channel is arranged on the water discharge port of the aqueduct and is used to control the on-off of the water discharge port, and the water discharge channel comprises a plurality of sealing layers arranged in sequence along the height direction of the water discharge port, and adjacent sealing layers are connected by explosive bolts;

[0008] The control module is arranged on the aqueduct and is used to control the detonation of the explosive bolt.

[0009] In a possible design, a plurality of water discharge ports are provided, and correspondingly, the aqueduct is divided into several sections with the water discharge ports as boundaries; one water discharge channel is arranged on each water discharge port, and correspondingly, the water discharge channel is provided with a plurality of water discharge channels and is arranged one by one corresponding to the water discharge ports;

[0010] The water discharge channel comprises a plurality of hinged plates arranged in sequence along the height of the aqueduct, adjacent hinged plates are connected by explosive bolts, and correspondingly, the hinged plates are used as sealing layers.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application provides a design method for the emergency water discharge structure, comprising the following steps:

[0012] Based on the relationship between the water quantity in the aqueduct and the depth and the relationship between the discharge flow outside the aqueduct outlet and the water depth, the water depth change rate in the aqueduct is obtained;

[0013] The water depth change rate in the aqueduct is integrated to obtain the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and the time;

[0014] The total width of the aqueduct outlet is obtained by substituting the specific point value into the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and the time.

[0015] In a possible design, the specific point includes the time of zero and the water level thereof, and the time of the aqueduct discharge and the safe water depth time and the safe water level.

[0016] In a possible design, based on the ratio of the linear distance between the engineering site and the fault segment most likely to exceed the design seismic intensity earthquake and the seismic S wave propagation velocity determined in the survey stage, the calculation formula of the aqueduct discharge and the safe water depth time is obtained.

[0017] Correspondingly, the calculation formula of the aqueduct discharge and the safe water depth time is used for the calculation of the coefficient in the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and the time.

[0018] In a third aspect, the application provides an emergency discharge structure layout method based on the design method of the emergency discharge structure, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Based on the calculation formula of the aqueduct discharge and the safe water depth time, the time when the earthquake exceeding the design intensity reaches the engineering site is determined.

[0020] The total width of the aqueduct outlet is determined by substituting the time of zero and the time of the aqueduct discharge and the safe water depth time into the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and the time.

[0021] According to the overall structure layout of the aqueduct, the position with the minimum influence on the aqueduct below is selected to arrange the discharge channel;

[0022] The width of a single discharge channel is determined until the total width of all discharge channels reaches the calculated total width of the aqueduct outlet.

[0023] Draw the discharge channel distribution map and the pier top modification drawing of the aqueduct.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, the application provides a use method of the emergency discharge structure, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Early warning signal receiving and processing;

[0026] Signal analysis and flood discharge scheme generation;

[0027] Discharge channel blasting opening and water discharge;

[0028] Real-time water level monitoring and processing;

[0029] Subsequent processing.

[0030] In a possible design, based on early warning signal receiving and processing, it comprises:

[0031] The earthquake wave signal is monitored and received by the earthquake early warning system, the seismic intensity, the actual distance from the epicenter to the aqueduct site and the main frequency are obtained;

[0032] Based on signal analysis and flood discharge scheme generation, it comprises:

[0033] Determine whether the intensity of this earthquake is greater than the seismic design intensity, if it does not exceed the seismic design intensity, do not trigger emergency water release, if it exceeds the seismic design intensity, trigger emergency water release, and according to the seismic design intensity of the aqueduct, determine the optimal seismic water level and select the optimal combination of water release channel, and generate the emergency water release trigger signal.

[0034] In a possible design, based on the blasting opening and water release of the water release channel, it comprises:

[0035] The control module receives the emergency water release trigger signal and starts blasting, and the blocking layer of the water release channel is opened and water is released;

[0036] Based on real-time monitoring and processing of water level, it comprises:

[0037] Real-time monitoring of water level change in the aqueduct, and comparing with the updated earthquake signal, adjusting the number of blocking layers opened on the water release channel at any time, and the blocking layers are opened one by one in order from top to bottom.

[0038] In a possible design, based on subsequent processing, it comprises:

[0039] Post-earthquake structure inspection, replacement of explosive bolts, replacement and repair of water release channels, testing and acceptance.

[0040] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0041] 1. Very fast response: the action time of the explosive bolt is milliseconds, and the overall water release process is completed within a few seconds, perfectly matching the earthquake early warning window.

[0042] 2. Precise control: the water release channel is designed by multiple blocking layers, which can realize "on-demand water release" instead of complete emptying, maximizing water resources and reducing impact.

[0043] 3. Safe and reliable: there is no difference between the aqueduct in normal use and the existing aqueduct; the action is sure in emergency.

[0044] 4. High cost-effectiveness: simple structure, easy to modify, avoid huge main structure damage risk with minimal modification cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some of the embodiments of the present application, and therefore should not be considered as a limitation to the scope. Other related drawings can also be obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative effort based on these drawings. In the drawings:

[0046] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an emergency drainage structure.

[0047] Figure 2 is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of Figure 1

[0048] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a drainage passage.

[0049] Figure 4 is a state schematic diagram of the drainage passage when a different number of plugging layers are opened.

[0050] Figure 5 is a flow chart of a method for using an emergency drainage structure.

[0051] Figure 6 is a load schematic diagram under transverse earthquake.

[0052] Figure 7 is a load schematic diagram under longitudinal earthquake.

[0053] Figure 8 is a bending moment comparison diagram of a slot pier under longitudinal and transverse earthquake under design water level working condition.

[0054] Figure 9 is a shear force comparison diagram of a slot pier under longitudinal and transverse earthquake under design water level working condition.

[0055] Figure 10 is an axial force comparison diagram of a slot pier under longitudinal and transverse earthquake under design water level working condition.

[0056] Figure 11 is a bending moment comparison diagram of a slot pier under longitudinal and transverse earthquake under empty slot working condition.

[0057] Figure 12 is a shear force comparison diagram of a slot pier under longitudinal and transverse earthquake under empty slot working condition.

[0058] Figure 13 is an axial force comparison diagram of a slot pier under longitudinal and transverse earthquake under empty slot working condition.

[0059] Figure 14 ​For the design water level and empty slot working condition, the slot pier is compared under the longitudinal earthquake bending moment diagram, in the diagram, the bending moment diagram on the left side represents the design water level, and the bending moment diagram on the right side represents the empty slot working condition.

[0060] Figure 15 For the design water level and empty slot working condition, the slot pier is compared under the longitudinal earthquake shear force diagram, in the diagram, the shear force diagram on the left side represents the design water level, and the shear force diagram on the right side represents the empty slot working condition.

[0061] Figure 16 For the design water level and empty slot working condition, the slot pier is compared under the longitudinal earthquake axial force diagram, in the diagram, the axial force diagram on the left side represents the design water level, and the axial force diagram on the right side represents the empty slot working condition.

[0062] The marks in the drawings and the corresponding names of the parts are as follows:

[0063] 100, aqueduct; 200, water discharge channel; 201, blocking layer; 202, explosive bolt; 203, hinged part; 204, detachable part; 300, control module; 400, slot pier. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, further detailed description will be made to the present application in combination with embodiments and drawings, and the schematic embodiments of the present application and the description thereof are only used for explaining the present application, and not as a limitation to the present application.

[0065] In the following description, a large number of specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. However, it will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present application can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures, circuits, materials or processes have not been described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the present application.

[0066] Embodiment 1

[0067] As shown in the figure, an emergency water discharge structure includes an aqueduct 100, a water discharge channel 200 and a control module 300. Figures 1-4

[0068] The aqueduct 100 is provided with a water discharge port for emergency water discharge.

[0069] The water discharge channel 200 is arranged on the water discharge port of the aqueduct 100 and is used for controlling the on-off of the water discharge port, and the water discharge channel 200 includes a plurality of blocking layers 201 arranged in sequence along the height direction of the water discharge port, and the adjacent blocking layers 201 are connected through explosive bolts 202.

[0070] The control module 300 is arranged on the aqueduct 100 and is used for controlling the detonation of the explosive bolts 202.

[0071] The aqueduct 100 is an overhead water conveying structure, such as​Figure 1 As shown, a support pier 400 is also provided below it. When the aqueduct 100 is used for emergency water discharge, it is equipped with a suitable drainage outlet. Preferably, as shown... Figure 1 As shown, multiple drainage outlets are provided to improve the drainage capacity of the aqueduct 100. Correspondingly, each drainage outlet is provided with a drainage channel 200.

[0072] Under normal circumstances, the sealing layer 201 of the water discharge channel 200 blocks the aqueduct 100 to prevent water from flowing out of the discharge outlet and ensure that the water flows in the designed direction. At this time, the sealing layer 201 acts as a sealing gate for the water discharge.

[0073] In special circumstances such as earthquakes, the aqueduct 100 needs to quickly discharge water. At this time, the control module 300 controls the explosive bolts 202 to detonate, and the connection between the sealing layers 201 is released, so that the sealing layers 201 rotate under the impact of the water and open the water discharge channel 200. The water can flow out of the aqueduct 100 from the discharge port, realizing the rapid opening and rapid discharge of the water discharge channel 200. It can respond quickly within the warning period of special circumstances and reduce the damage to the aqueduct 100.

[0074] It is worth noting that there are multiple sealing layers 201 in the same drainage channel 200. The control module 300 can control the number of sealing layers 201 that are opened as needed. The drainage flow rate is controlled by controlling the drainage height of the drainage outlet. This achieves rapid drainage while also enabling stratified drainage, effectively controlling the drainage flow rate to reduce the impact of water on the aqueduct 100 during the drainage process and reduce the damage to the aqueduct 100.

[0075] Therefore, the number of open drainage channels 200 and the number of open sealing layers 201 in a single drainage channel 200 are the key factors determining the drainage flow rate of the aqueduct 100.

[0076] As is easily understood, the control module 300 can be any suitable existing model, and the control module 300 is connected to the early warning system. The early warning system is used to monitor any unexpected disasters such as earthquakes, formulate a water release plan according to the disaster situation and send out signals in a timely manner. After receiving the signal, the control module 300 promptly controls the corresponding explosive bolt 202 to detonate.

[0077] In one possible implementation, there are multiple drainage outlets, and the aqueduct 100 is divided into several sections with the drainage outlets as boundaries; each drainage outlet is provided with a drainage channel 200, and there are multiple drainage channels 200, which are set one-to-one with the drainage outlets.

[0078] Therefore, for the drainage outlets, their height is equal to the height of the aqueduct 100, and their width is parallel to the water flow direction of the aqueduct 100. Multiple drainage outlets are provided, and during emergency drainage operations, the total width of the drainage outlets equals the sum of the widths of the open drainage outlets. It is easy to understand that if a drainage outlet is blocked by the drainage channel 200, then the width of a single drainage outlet equals the width of the drainage channel 200. Therefore, the total width of the drainage outlets equals the sum of the widths of the open drainage outlets equals the sum of the widths of the open drainage channel 200.

[0079] Meanwhile, since the drainage channel 200 includes multiple sealing layers 201, the height of the corresponding drainage outlet for drainage is limited by the sealing layers 201. That is, the sum of the heights of the multiple sealing layers 201 equals the height of the corresponding drainage outlet. By opening the sealing layers 201 one by one from top to bottom, layered drainage can be achieved, and the drainage flow rate can be controlled more precisely.

[0080] Based on this, the early warning system should formulate a drainage plan based on two factors: the number of drainage channels 200 that are opened and the number of sealing layers 201 that are opened in a single drainage channel 200.

[0081] In one possible implementation, the drainage channel 200 includes a plurality of hinged plates arranged sequentially along the height of the aqueduct 100, with adjacent hinged plates connected by expansion bolts 202, and correspondingly, the hinged plates serve as a sealing layer 201.

[0082] Based on the above design, the hinge plate has a hinge portion 203 hinged to the aqueduct 100 and a detachable portion 204 connected to adjacent components via expansion bolts 202. The hinge portion 203 is connected by any suitable existing hinge portion 203 component. The adjacent components connected to the detachable portion 204 include, but are not limited to, the inner wall of the aqueduct 100 and adjacent hinge plates. When the drainage channel 200 blocks the aqueduct 100, both the hinge portion 203 and the detachable portion 204 remain connected; conversely, when the drainage channel 200 is opened, the detachable portion 204 is disconnected, and the hinge plate rotates around the hinge portion 203 under the impact of water.

[0083] For a single sealing layer 201, it may include a hinged plate, one side of which is connected to the inner wall of the aqueduct 100 via a hinge portion 203, and the other side of which is connected to the inner wall of the aqueduct 100 via a detachable portion 204. The upper and lower ends of the hinged plate are also connected to adjacent hinged plates via expansion bolts 202. Alternatively, as... Figure 3As shown, it may also include two hinged plates. One side of a single hinged plate is connected to the inner wall of the aqueduct 100 via a hinge portion 203, and the other side of the hinged plate is connected to a hinged plate of the same sealing layer 201 via a detachable portion 204. The upper and lower ends of the hinged plates are also connected to adjacent hinged plates via expansion bolts 202. In other words, a single sealing layer 201 has a single-opening structure including one hinged plate and a split structure having two hinged plates, or it can be constructed as any other suitable structure for selection by those skilled in the art.

[0084] It is worth noting that by setting multiple sealing layers 201 sequentially from top to bottom, layered drainage is achieved, and the specific number of sealing layers 201 can be increased or decreased as needed, making the design more flexible. For example, such as Figure 4 As shown, the drainage channel 200 has three sealing layers 201 from top to bottom. From left to right, the states of one of the drainage outlets on the drainage channel 200 are shown when the sealing layer 201 is opened by one (i.e., first-level drainage), two (i.e., second-level drainage), and three (i.e., third-level drainage).

[0085] Example 2:

[0086] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a design method for the aforementioned emergency drainage structure, comprising the following steps:

[0087] S10 is based on the relationship between water volume and depth within the aqueduct. Relationship between the outflow rate from the aqueduct spillway and water depth Obtain the rate of change of water depth within the aqueduct .

[0088] S20 rate of change of water depth in the aqueduct By performing integration, the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and time can be obtained. .

[0089] S30 substitutes specific point values ​​into the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and time. , obtain the total width b of the aqueduct outlet.

[0090] Where, d - differential sign; f(h) - function relating the cross-sectional area of ​​the aqueduct to the water depth h; L - total length of the aqueduct; V - water volume of the aqueduct; h - water level of the aqueduct; t - time; q - discharge flow rate; b - total width of the aqueduct outlet; C - integral constant related to the initial conditions;

[0091] Therefore, a design method for aqueducts is presented. Below, based on the above design concept, taking a square-section aqueduct as an example, an application of the design method for the emergency drainage structure is given, which includes the following steps:

[0092] S10 is based on the relationship between water volume and depth within the aqueduct. Relationship between the outflow rate from the aqueduct spillway and water depth Obtain the rate of change of water depth within the aqueduct .

[0093] S20 rate of change of water depth in the aqueduct By performing integration, the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and time can be obtained. .

[0094] S30 substitutes specific point values ​​into the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and time. , obtain the total width b of the aqueduct outlet.

[0095] Where d is the differential symbol; L is the total length of the aqueduct; B is the width of the aqueduct; V is the water volume of the aqueduct; h is the water level of the aqueduct; t is the time; q is the discharge flow rate; b is the total width of the aqueduct outlet; and C is the integral constant related to the initial conditions.

[0096] For step S30, step S30 includes:

[0097] S31 obtains specific points: these specific points include time zero and its water level, as well as time for the aqueduct to discharge water and reach a safe water depth and a safe water level. Based on this, Indicates that the time is zero, with The water level at time zero is represented by... Indicates the time it takes for the aqueduct to discharge water and reach a safe water depth, in... If the safe water level (i.e., the optimal water level for seismic resistance of the aqueduct) is represented, then the two specific points mentioned above can be represented as ( , )and( , ).

[0098] The formula for calculating the time it takes for S32 to discharge water from the aqueduct and reach a safe water depth is based on the straight-line distance from the engineering site determined during the exploration phase to the fault segment most likely to experience an earthquake exceeding the design seismic intensity. The ratio of the propagation velocity of the seismic S-wave to the time it takes for the aqueduct to discharge water and reach a safe water depth is used to calculate the time. ;

[0099] Accordingly, the formula for calculating the time it takes for the aqueduct to discharge water and reach a safe water depth is as follows. The coefficient C is used to calculate the relationship between water depth and time in the aqueduct; k is the epicenter deviation coefficient, which can be taken as 1.0~2.5 according to the actual situation during design.

[0100] Secondly, the present invention also provides a hardware device for implementing the design method of the emergency drainage structure, comprising:

[0101] First calculation unit: used to obtain the rate of change of water depth in the aqueduct based on the relationship between water volume and depth in the aqueduct and the relationship between the outflow from the aqueduct outlet and water depth.

[0102] The second calculation unit is used to integrate the rate of change of water depth in the aqueduct to obtain the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and time.

[0103] The third calculation unit: by substituting specific point values ​​into the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and time, the total width of the aqueduct's spillway is obtained.

[0104] The working process, working details and technical effects of the device provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0105] Thirdly, the present invention provides a device comprising a memory, a processor, and a transceiver connected in sequence and communication, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer program and execute the design method of the emergency drainage structure.

[0106] For specific examples, the memory may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, first-in-first-out (FIFO) memory, and / or first-in-last-out (FILO) memory, etc.; specifically, the processor may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor may be implemented using at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor, also known as the CPU (Central Processing Unit), is used to process data in the wake-up state; the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state.

[0107] In some embodiments, the processor may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. For example, the processor may not be limited to microprocessors of the STM32F105 series, reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessors, x86 architecture processors, or processors with integrated neural network processing units (NPUs). The transceiver may be, but is not limited to, a Wi-Fi transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) transceiver, a ZigBee (a low-power LAN protocol based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard) transceiver, a 3G transceiver, a 4G transceiver, and / or a 5G transceiver. Furthermore, the device may also include, but is not limited to, a power module, a display screen, and other necessary components.

[0108] The working process, working details and technical effects of the device provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0109] Fourthly, the present invention provides a storage medium for storing a design method of an emergency drainage structure as described in the first aspect of the embodiments, wherein the storage medium stores instructions that, when the instructions are executed on a computer, execute the design method of the emergency drainage structure.

[0110] The storage medium refers to a carrier for storing data, which may include, but is not limited to, floppy disks, optical disks, hard disks, flash memory, USB flash drives, and / or memory sticks. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.

[0111] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the design method for the emergency drainage structure. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.

[0112] Example 3:

[0113] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an emergency drainage structure layout method based on an emergency drainage structure design method, comprising the following steps:

[0114] S10 is calculated based on the time it takes for the aqueduct to discharge water and reach a safe water depth. Determine the time it takes for an earthquake exceeding the design intensity to reach the engineering site. .

[0115] S20 time is zero and time is the time it takes for the aqueduct to discharge water and reach a safe water depth [i.e. ( , )and( , Substitute the two points into the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and time. Determine the total width b of the aqueduct's outlet.

[0116] S30, based on the overall structural layout of the aqueduct, selects the location with the least impact on the area below the aqueduct for the placement of the drainage channel. Specifically, depending on the aqueduct layout, an open area can be selected for drainage, and the drainage channel can be installed at the corresponding location. It is readily understood that those skilled in the art can determine the location of the drainage channel based on existing drainage standards, specifications, and other relevant documents.

[0117] S40 determines the width of a single drainage channel. This continues until the total width of all drainage channels reaches the calculated total width b of the aqueduct's drainage outlets. During drainage, the width of the aqueduct's drainage outlets and the number of drainage channels to be opened are determined based on the severity of the disaster.

[0118] S50 draws a distribution map of the drainage channels and drawings of the aqueduct pier top modification.

[0119] Secondly, the present invention also provides a hardware device for implementing the emergency drainage structure layout method based on the design method of the emergency drainage structure, comprising:

[0120] The fourth calculation unit is used to determine the time it takes for an earthquake exceeding the design intensity to reach the engineering site, based on the calculation formula for the time it takes for the aqueduct to discharge water and reach a safe water depth.

[0121] The fifth calculation unit is used to substitute the time of zero and the time of water discharge from the aqueduct to reach a safe water depth into the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct and time, and to determine the total width of the aqueduct's discharge outlet.

[0122] The sixth calculation unit is used to select the location with the least impact on the area below the aqueduct, based on the overall structural layout of the aqueduct.

[0123] The seventh calculation unit is used to determine the width of a single drainage channel until the total width of all drainage channels reaches the calculated total width of the aqueduct drainage outlet.

[0124] Eighth Calculation Unit: Draw the distribution map of the drainage channel and the modification drawings of the aqueduct pier top.

[0125] The working process, working details and technical effects of the device provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0126] Thirdly, the present invention provides a device comprising a memory, a processor, and a transceiver connected in sequence and in communication, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer program and execute the emergency drainage structure deployment method based on the design method of the emergency drainage structure.

[0127] The working process, working details and technical effects of the device provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0128] Fourthly, the present invention provides a storage medium for storing an emergency drainage structure deployment method comprising the design method of the emergency drainage structure described in the first aspect of the embodiments, wherein the storage medium stores instructions that, when the instructions are executed on a computer, execute the emergency drainage structure deployment method based on the design method of the emergency drainage structure.

[0129] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the emergency drainage structure deployment method based on the design method of the emergency drainage structure. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.

[0130] In summary, the aqueduct is designed according to the design method for the aforementioned emergency drainage structure, enabling it to achieve the expected drainage capacity. The design values ​​obtained through this method are used to plan the layout of the aqueduct, or to modify an existing aqueduct by installing drainage channels at the required locations to form the emergency drainage structure.

[0131] Example 4:

[0132] Taking the aforementioned emergency water discharge structure for earthquake disaster relief as an example, firstly, such as Figure 5 As shown, the present invention provides a method for using the aforementioned emergency drainage structure, comprising the following steps:

[0133] S10 Early Warning Signal Reception and Processing: After an earthquake occurs, the earthquake early warning system monitors and receives seismic wave signals to obtain the earthquake intensity, the actual distance from the epicenter to the aqueduct site, and the dominant frequency.

[0134] The early warning system also needs to preprocess the received information (mainly earthquake intensity, epicenter distance, and dominant frequency) to facilitate faster generation of flood discharge plans. Therefore, the early warning system can select the appropriate model based on the type of disaster to improve the accuracy of the warning. Furthermore, for earthquake disasters, in addition to the aforementioned earthquake intensity, actual distance from the epicenter to the aqueduct site, and dominant frequency, the earthquake early warning system can also receive any other suitable information to provide more reference data for flood discharge plans.

[0135] S20 Signal Analysis and Flood Discharge Scheme Generation: Determine whether the intensity of this earthquake is greater than the seismic design intensity. If it is less than the seismic design intensity, emergency water discharge is not triggered; if it is greater than the seismic design intensity, emergency water discharge is triggered. Based on the seismic design intensity of the aqueduct, determine the optimal seismic water level and select the optimal combination of water discharge channels to generate an emergency water discharge trigger signal.

[0136] The early warning system includes a contingency plan database. Upon receiving disaster information, based on the seismic wave signal and the seismic water level determined by the previous contingency plan, the corresponding flood discharge plan in the contingency plan database is directly selected according to the disaster intensity (the flood discharge plan includes the optimal seismic water level and the optimal combination of water discharge channels), which further improves the response speed of the early warning system and shortens the time for the emergency water discharge structure to open the water discharge channel.

[0137] It is worth noting that when a disaster occurs, if its intensity does not trigger emergency water release, the early warning system should increase the detection frequency.

[0138] S30 drainage channel blasting opens and releases water: The control module receives the emergency drainage trigger signal and initiates blasting, opening the sealing layer of the drainage channel and releasing water.

[0139] Upon receiving an emergency water release trigger signal, the control module initiates blasting according to preset logic, causing the corresponding explosive bolts to detonate and open the sealing layer (the sealing layer is...). Figure 5 The layered water-blocking connection structure described herein allows the drainage channel to open and drain water.

[0140] S40 Water Level Real-time Monitoring and Processing: Real-time monitoring of water level changes in the aqueduct and comparison with updated seismic signals; adjusting the number of sealing layers opened on the spillway as needed; and opening the sealing layers one by one from top to bottom.

[0141] This means that the early warning system keeps working and updates disaster-related information, obtains the optimal seismic water level of the aqueduct for the corresponding time period, and adjusts the drainage area of ​​the aqueduct in a timely manner.

[0142] The logic for adjusting the spillway is as follows: based on the updated seismic signal, determine whether the aqueduct has reached the optimal seismic water level. If so, maintain the current spillway status until the next seismic signal update. If not, determine the optimal seismic water level and select the optimal spillway combination, generate an emergency spillway trigger signal, and thereby adjust the width and depth of the spillway.

[0143] S50 follow-up procedures: post-earthquake structural inspection; replacement of explosive bolts; replacement and repair of drainage channels; testing and acceptance.

[0144] Secondly, the present invention also provides a hardware device for implementing the method of using the emergency drainage structure, comprising:

[0145] Early warning signal receiving and processing unit;

[0146] Signal analysis and flood discharge scheme generation unit;

[0147] The drainage channel was blasted open, and the drainage unit was activated.

[0148] Real-time water level monitoring and processing unit;

[0149] Subsequent processing unit.

[0150] The working process, working details and technical effects of the device provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0151] Thirdly, the present invention provides a device comprising a memory, a processor, and a transceiver connected in sequence and communication, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer program and execute the method of using the emergency drainage structure.

[0152] The working process, working details and technical effects of the device provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0153] Fourthly, the present invention provides a storage medium for storing a method of using the emergency drainage structure described in the first aspect of the embodiments, wherein the storage medium stores instructions that, when the instructions are executed on a computer, execute the method of using the emergency drainage structure.

[0154] Fifthly, the present invention provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform a method for using the emergency drainage structure. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.

[0155] Example 5:

[0156] This embodiment, based on embodiments 1-4, verifies the effectiveness of an emergency drainage structure applying the design, layout, and usage methods of the described emergency drainage structure. Specifically:

[0157] According to the standard "Standard for Seismic Design of Hydraulic Structures" (GB51247-2018), for seismic calculations of aqueducts of seismic grade 3 and below, a quasi-static method can be used to perform seismic calculations on the aqueduct piers and aqueduct body model. The load diagrams of the aqueduct pier model under longitudinal and transverse seismic loads are shown below. Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown.

[0158] Wherein, P1 and P2 are the vertical loads transmitted by the final load of the upper trough shell under seismic load; Q (Q1) is the seismic force transmitted by the upper trough body and top beam (the seismic force of the top beam is evenly distributed to nodes 1 and 5); Q2 and Q3 are the seismic forces of the crossbeams (the seismic forces of each crossbeam are evenly distributed to the corresponding nodes of the crossbeams); q 震1 -q 震4 M is the seismic force of the column (the seismic force of the column is a uniformly distributed load with a trapezoidal distribution); M is the longitudinal bending moment transmitted by the upper trough.

[0159] To verify the impact of changes in water volume within the trench on the ground force and moment of the pier, based on the calculation and analysis of the above-mentioned actual cases, the specific values ​​of each load under longitudinal and transverse seismic action can be obtained for the trench pier model under the two working conditions of design water level and empty trench, as shown in the table below.

[0160] Table 1. Load values ​​under lateral earthquake (unit: kN, m)

[0161] \ [P1] [P2] Q Q2 Q3 q 震1 ]] q 震2 ]]> q 震3 ]]> q 震4 ]]> Design water level 983.3 1624.4 264 2.9 2.3 2 1.7 1.3 1 Air gap 591 976.3 160 2.9 2.3 2 1.7 1.3 1

[0162] Table 2 Load values ​​under longitudinal earthquake (unit: kN, m)

[0163] \ P M Q1 Q2 Q3 q 震1 ]]> q 震2 ]]> q 震3 ]]> q 震4 ]]> Design water level 1303.8 13.7 135.4 4.4 3.2 3 2.4 1.8 1 Air gap 783.6 8.2 83.3 4.4 3.2 3 2.4 1.8 1

[0164] Based on the above calculations of the specific values ​​of various loads on the pier model under longitudinal and transverse seismic loading under the two water level conditions, the bending moment, shear force, and axial force under longitudinal and transverse seismic loading under different conditions can be compared using analysis software, as shown in the following figures. Figures 8-13 As shown.

[0165] Depend on Figures 8-13The comparison of bending moment, shear force, and axial force under transverse seismic loading with and without a design water level shows that the internal force response at the pier base is significantly reduced under the empty trench condition compared to the design water level condition. Specifically, the bending moment at the pier base decreases from 928 kN·m to 590 kN·m, a reduction of 36%; the shear force at the pier base decreases from 301 kN to 194 kN, also a reduction of 36%; and the maximum axial force at the pier base decreases from 2850 kN to 1734 kN, a reduction of 39%. These data indicate that under transverse seismic loading, lowering the water level in the trench can significantly reduce the bending moment, shear force, and axial force at the pier base section, thereby significantly reducing the adverse effects of seismic loading on the pier structure, improving the seismic performance of the structure, and mitigating potential damage. This result has reference value for the seismic design and safety control of similar hydraulic or bridge engineering structures, demonstrating that the dynamic response of the structure can be optimized by reasonably controlling the water level.

[0166] Depend on Figures 14-16 The comparison of bending moment, shear force, and axial force under longitudinal seismic loading with and without a design water level shows that the internal force response at the pier base is significantly reduced under the empty trench condition compared to the design water level condition. Specifically, the bending moment at the pier base decreases from 1820 kN·m to 1193 kN·m, a reduction of 34%; the shear force at the pier base decreases from 187 kN to 130 kN, a reduction of 30%; and the axial force at the pier base decreases from 1296 kN to 779 kN, a reduction of 40%. These data also indicate that under longitudinal seismic loading, lowering the water level in the trench can significantly reduce the bending moment, shear force, and axial force at the pier base section, thereby significantly reducing the adverse effects of seismic loading on the pier structure, improving the seismic performance of the structure, and mitigating potential damage. This result has reference value for the seismic design and safety control of similar hydraulic or bridge engineering structures, demonstrating that the dynamic response of the structure can be optimized by reasonably controlling the water level.

[0167] In summary, lowering the water level in the trench significantly reduces the bending moment, shear force, and axial force at the pier base under both lateral and longitudinal seismic loading, with reductions reaching 30% to 40%. This result demonstrates that rationally controlling the water level is an effective measure to optimize the dynamic response of the structure, significantly improving the seismic performance of piers and mitigating potential earthquake damage. It provides valuable practical reference for seismic design and safety control in hydraulic engineering and bridge construction.

[0168] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An emergency drain structure, characterized by, It includes an aqueduct (100), a drainage channel (200), and a control module (300); The aqueduct (100) is equipped with a drain outlet for emergency water discharge; The drainage channel (200) is set on the drainage outlet of the aqueduct (100) and is used to control the opening and closing of the drainage outlet. The drainage channel (200) includes multiple sealing layers (201) arranged sequentially along the height direction of the drainage outlet, and adjacent sealing layers (201) are connected by explosive bolts (202). The control module (300) is mounted on the aqueduct (100) and is used to control the detonation of the explosive bolts (202).

2. The emergency drain structure according to claim 1, characterized by There are multiple drainage outlets, and correspondingly, the aqueduct (100) is divided into several sections with the drainage outlets as the boundary; each drainage outlet is provided with a drainage channel (200), and correspondingly, there are multiple drainage channels (200) and they are set one by one with the drainage outlets; The drainage channel (200) includes several hinged plates arranged sequentially along the height of the aqueduct (100), and adjacent hinged plates are connected by explosion bolts (202). Accordingly, the hinged plates serve as a sealing layer (201).

3. A design method for the emergency drain structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the relationship between the water volume in the aqueduct (100) and the water depth, and the relationship between the outflow from the spillway of the aqueduct (100) and the water depth, the rate of change of water depth in the aqueduct (100) is obtained. By integrating the rate of change of water depth in the aqueduct (100), the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct (100) and time is obtained; By substituting specific point values ​​into the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct (100) and time, the total width of the aqueduct (100) outlet is obtained.

4. The method of designing according to claim 3, wherein, The specific points include time zero and its water level, as well as time for the aqueduct (100) to discharge water and reach a safe water depth and a safe water level.

5. The method of designing according to claim 4, wherein, Based on the ratio of the straight-line distance from the engineering site to the fault segment most likely to experience an earthquake exceeding the design seismic intensity, determined during the exploration phase, to the propagation velocity of the seismic S-wave, the formula for calculating the time it takes for the aqueduct (100) to discharge water and reach a safe water depth is obtained. Accordingly, the formula for calculating the time it takes for the aqueduct (100) to discharge water and reach a safe water depth is used to calculate the coefficient in the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct (100) and time.

6. An emergency drain structure layout method based on the design method of the emergency drain structure according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Based on the calculation formula for the time it takes for the aqueduct (100) to discharge water and reach a safe water depth, the time for an earthquake exceeding the design intensity to reach the engineering site is determined. Substituting the time of zero and the time of the aqueduct (100) draining water and reaching a safe water depth into the relationship between the water depth in the aqueduct (100) and time, the total width of the aqueduct (100) drain outlet is determined; Based on the overall structural layout of the aqueduct (100), the drainage channel (200) is arranged at the location with the least impact on the area below the aqueduct (100). Determine the width of each individual drainage channel (200) until the total width of all drainage channels (200) reaches the calculated total width of the aqueduct (100) drainage outlet; Draw a distribution map of the drainage channel (200) and a drawing of the pier top modification of the aqueduct (100).

7. A method of using the emergency drain structure as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by, Includes the following steps: Early warning signal reception and processing; Signal analysis and flood discharge plan generation; The drainage channel (200) was blasted open and water was released; Real-time water level monitoring and processing; Follow-up processing.

8. The method of use of claim 7, wherein, Based on the reception and processing of early warning signals, including: The earthquake warning system monitors and receives the earthquake wave signal, obtains the earthquake intensity, the actual distance from the epicenter to the site of the aqueduct (100), and the main frequency; Based on signal analysis and flood discharge scheme generation, including: Determine whether the intensity of the earthquake is greater than the seismic design intensity. If it does not exceed the seismic design intensity, the emergency water discharge is not triggered. If it exceeds the seismic design intensity, the emergency water discharge is triggered. According to the seismic design intensity of the aqueduct (100), the optimal seismic water level is determined and the optimal combination of water discharge channels (200) is selected to generate an emergency water discharge trigger signal.

9. The method of use of claim 7, wherein, Based on the blasting opening and water discharge of the water discharge channel (200), including: The control module (300) receives the emergency water discharge trigger signal and starts the blasting, and the sealing layer (201) of the water discharge channel (200) is opened and discharged. Based on real-time monitoring and processing of water level, including: Real-time monitoring of water level changes in the aqueduct (100) and comparison with updated earthquake signals to adjust the number of sealing layers (201) opened on the water discharge channel (200) at any time; and the sealing layers (201) are opened one by one in order from top to bottom.

10. The method of use of claim 7, wherein, Based on subsequent processing, including: Post-earthquake structure inspection; replacement of explosive bolts (202); replacement and repair of water discharge channels (200); testing and acceptance.

Images