Recyclable guide drilling device and adjusting method
By designing a recyclable directional drilling device and using drilling fluid flow pressure to control the state of the cutter wings, the problems of non-recyclable bottom drill string and complex construction were solved, achieving a low-cost and efficient drilling process.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-03
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing casing drilling technology, the non-recoverable bottom drill string leads to high costs, while the recoverable bottom drill string casing drilling is also costly and complex to construct. Directional wells require rotary steering and drilling reamers, which limits their widespread application.
Design a recyclable directional drilling device that actively changes the contraction and opening state of the cutter blades, using the drilling fluid flow pressure to trigger the blades to open or close, thus meeting drilling and retrieval requirements and reducing construction costs.
It enables recyclable drill strings and low-cost drilling, reduces construction complexity, improves overall efficiency, and reduces drilling risks, while avoiding the need for rotary steerable drilling and reamers.
Smart Images
Figure CN121630210A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of casing drilling, in particular to a recyclable directional drilling device and a regulating method. BACKGROUND
[0002] Casing drilling technology is to drill a well by using a casing as a pipe string, and to build a well directly after drilling, which can effectively reduce the well building period. Meanwhile, this technology can also be applied to drilling in formations with serious loss or broken zones, greatly reducing the time efficiency of drilling complications.
[0003] At present, the commonly used surface casing drilling technology is mostly based on a drillable bit, and the next drilling is directly performed after drilling through the drillable bit. The technical casing or tail pipe drilling is divided into two ways of recyclable bottom drilling tools and non-recyclable bottom drilling tools, wherein the non-recyclable bottom drilling tools are not recycled after drilling, and the drill bit and screw rod drilling tools are not recycled, which will affect the overall application cost of the technology. The recyclable bottom drilling tool casing drilling technology uses a drill bit and a tool with a smaller inner diameter than the current casing to drill, and a rotary steering + while-drilling reaming tool is mostly used to drill directional wells, which has a high use cost and is limited in popularization and application.
[0004] Therefore, it is desirable in the art to provide a recyclable directional drilling device to solve the above technical problems. SUMMARY
[0005] The present application aims to provide a recyclable directional drilling device, which can change the outer diameter size of the drilling tool by actively changing the use state (i.e. the retracted state and the open state) of the blade, so as to more easily meet the overall requirements of drilling and fishing recovery.
[0006] According to a first aspect of the present application, a recyclable directional drilling device is provided, comprising a bent screw drilling tool, and
[0007] a drilling mechanism arranged below the bent screw drilling tool, the drilling mechanism comprising a drilling body, at least three spaced-apart driving cabins arranged in the drilling body, and a fluid passage arranged between the driving cabins and the drilling body and used for receiving drilling fluid,
[0008] wherein the drilling mechanism further comprises a blade matched with the driving cabins, and a pushing member arranged on the driving cabins and matched with the blade,
[0009] the drilling fluid forms a flow pressure after entering the fluid passage, and the pushing member can be triggered by the flow pressure and urged to open the blade outward.
[0010] In one embodiment, the blade wing comprises a driving part in the driving cabin, and a drill bit part connected with the driving part and outside the driving cabin.
[0011] In one embodiment, the pushing member comprises a sensing part for contacting the drilling fluid in the fluid channel, and an adjusting part arranged between the sensing part and the driving part,
[0012] Wherein, the sensing part is configured to control the adjusting part to change the position of the driving part after being triggered by the flow pressure, so as to make the drill bit part outwardly expand.
[0013] In one embodiment, a limiting mesa configured as a planar structure is arranged in the driving cabin, and a contact surface for forming a sealed fit with the limiting mesa is arranged on the driving part.
[0014] In one embodiment, a positioning groove is formed on the driving part, and a positioning pin is arranged at a corresponding position of the driving cabin, the positioning pin being configured to be upwardly extended and clamped with the positioning groove under the action of the flow pressure in the fluid channel.
[0015] In one embodiment, the pressure threshold of the sensing part is smaller than that of the positioning pin.
[0016] In one embodiment, the recyclable directional drilling device further comprises a non-magnetic tool arranged above the bent-screw drilling tool, and a plurality of measurement-while-drilling devices are arranged in the non-magnetic tool.
[0017] In one embodiment, a casing is arranged above the non-magnetic tool,
[0018] The recyclable directional drilling device further comprises a sealing tool arranged at the top of the non-magnetic tool, and the non-magnetic tool is hung on the casing through the sealing tool.
[0019] According to the second aspect of the present application, a regulating method is provided, using the recyclable directional drilling device as described above, comprising the following steps:
[0020] S1, running the recyclable directional drilling device to a predetermined position at the bottom of the well;
[0021] S2, starting the pump, after the drilling fluid enters the fluid channel, the flow pressure is formed and triggers the sensing part, the position of the driving part is changed by the adjusting part to make the blade wing outwardly expand, and the drilling work is carried out;
[0022] S3, stopping the pump, the fluid channel is depressurized, and the adjusting part drives the blade wing to inwardly contract and reset.
[0023] In one embodiment, step S201 is further included in S2:
[0024] After the blade wing is opened to the limit position, the positioning pin is extended upward under the action of the flow pressure in the fluid passage to be engaged with the positioning groove.
[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the advantages that:
[0026] Firstly, the blade wing of the present application can be in a contracted state before entering the well, and can be in an open state after being lowered to a predetermined position at the bottom of the well and pumping is started, so as to meet the shape requirement of the borehole size drilling, thereby effectively overcoming the problem that the directional drilling needs to be rotated and guided and the reamer while drilling is constructed due to the small size of the conventional drill bit. In addition, after the drilling is completed and the pump is stopped, the blade wing can be converted from the open state to the contracted state, thereby facilitating the fishing and recovery work of the overall drilling assembly, further reducing the complexity of the bottom drilling assembly, and being beneficial to improving the overall efficiency of the drilling and reducing the drilling risk.
[0027] Secondly, the present application changes the outer diameter size of the drilling assembly by actively changing the use state (i.e. the contracted state and the open state) of the blade wing, so as to more easily meet the overall requirements of the drilling and fishing and recovery. In addition, the present application can greatly reduce the construction cost (such as not needing the reamer while drilling), and further improve the popularization and application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0028] The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
[0029] Figure 1 schematically shows the structure of the recoverable directional drilling device according to the present application;
[0030] Figure 2 is a partial view in Figure 1 , which shows the contracted state of the blade wing;
[0031] Figure 3 is a partial view in Figure 1 , which shows the open state of the blade wing.
[0032] In the drawings, the same components use the same reference numerals. The drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0033] In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not an exhaustive enumeration of all embodiments. And in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0034] In the description of the present application, it needs to be understood that the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can be explicitly or implicitly included one or more of the features.
[0035] In the present application, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connecting", "fixing" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixedly connected, or it can be detachably connected, or integrally connected; it can be mechanically connected, or it can be electrically connected; it can be directly connected, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the communication inside two elements.
[0036] For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.
[0037] The present application will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0038] Figure 1 The structure of the recyclable directional drilling device according to the present application is schematically shown.
[0039] As Figure 1 shown, according to the first aspect of the present application, a recyclable directional drilling device is provided, which comprises a non-magnetic tool 12, a bent screw drilling tool 11 and a drilling mechanism arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Wherein, a casing 13 is arranged above the non-magnetic tool 12, and a sealing tool 14 is further arranged on the top of the non-magnetic tool 12. Preferably, the non-magnetic tool 12 can be installed on the casing 13 through the sealing tool 14 to facilitate subsequent drilling work.
[0040] Preferably, a plurality of measurement-while-drilling instruments are further arranged in the non-magnetic tool 12, which can be used for measurement-while-drilling of the tool face, inclination and azimuth of directional drilling.
[0041] Figure 2 For Figure 1 the partial view thereof, which shows the retracted state of the blade wing 30.
[0042] According to the present application, as Figure 2As shown, the drilling mechanism includes a drilling body 21 and a drive chamber 22. In this invention, at least three drive chambers 22 are provided, and the three drive chambers 22 are arranged circumferentially spaced within the drilling body 21. Preferably, a central flow channel is formed within the drilling body 21, and the central flow channel is capable of receiving drilling fluid from the bent screw drill string 11. Preferably, a flow channel 23 is formed between the drive chamber 22 and the drilling body 21, and the flow channel 23 is capable of receiving a portion of the drilling fluid from the central flow channel to facilitate the driving of the propeller (described below) and the locating pin 222 (described below).
[0043] In this invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the drilling mechanism also includes cutter wings 30 adapted to the drive chamber 22, and a pusher component disposed on the drive chamber 22 and matched with the cutter wings 30. Preferably, under the action of the pusher component, the cutter wings 30 can extend outward to a predetermined position to meet the drilling requirements of downhole operations, or retract inward to return to the initial position, thereby more easily meeting the size requirements for retrieval and achieving the purpose of recovery.
[0044] Figure 3 for Figure 1 The partial view in the image shows the open state of the blade 30.
[0045] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the cutter wing 30 includes a drive unit 31 and a drill bit 32 fixedly connected to the drive unit 31. Preferably, the drive unit 31 is disposed inside the drive chamber 22 and can be effectively connected with the pusher; while the drill bit 32 is located outside the drive chamber 22 and can extend outward or retract inward according to the position change of the drive unit 31 inside the drive chamber 22. This not only overcomes the problem of needing rotary guides and drilling reamers for directional drilling due to the small size of conventional drill bits, but also makes it easier to meet the size requirements for running into the wellbore and for retrieval.
[0046] According to the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the actuator includes a sensing part 41 and an adjusting part 42. Preferably, the sensing part 41 is embedded in the wall of the drive chamber 22, thereby making it easier to contact the drilling fluid in the fluid channel 23 and further improving the sensing sensitivity of the actuator. The adjusting part 42 is located inside the drive chamber 22, and the adjusting part 42 can fix the sensing part 41 to the drive part 31 of the cutter wing 30. In this way, it can be ensured that the drive part 31 will only change position under the action of the adjusting part 42, further improving the adjustment accuracy of the actuator.
[0047] In this invention, after the pump is started, the drilling fluid will sequentially enter the central flow channel in the drilling body 21 through the casing 13, the non-magnetic tool 12 and the bent screw drill 11, and some of the drilling fluid will flow into the fluid channel 23. As the total amount of liquid in the fluid channel 23 increases, the drilling fluid will form a flow pressure in the fluid channel 23.
[0048] Preferably, the sensing unit 41 can control the adjusting unit 42 to extend inward under the action of the flow pressure, thereby changing the position of the driving unit 31 in the driving chamber 22 until the driving unit 31 abuts against the inner wall of the driving chamber 22. During the above process, the drill bit 32 will gradually open outward and reach the limit position (i.e., the maximum opening angle). At this time, the cutting edge 30 will be limited by the positioning pin 222 (described below) to ensure the stability and robustness of the retrievable directional drilling device during drilling operations.
[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, a limiting platform 221 with a planar structure is provided inside the drive compartment 22, and a contact surface 311 matching the limiting platform 221 is provided on the drive unit 31. Preferably, when the adjustment part 42 is at its maximum extension, the contact surface 311 of the drive unit 31 will form a sealed fit with the limiting platform 221 of the drive compartment 22, further ensuring the stability of the cutter wing 30 after it is opened, so as to help improve the efficiency and quality of downhole drilling operations.
[0050] According to the present invention, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, a positioning groove 312 is formed on the drive unit 31, and a positioning pin 222 is provided at the corresponding position in the drive compartment 22. Preferably, the positioning pin 222 can extend upward under the action of the flow pressure in the fluid channel 23 and engage with the positioning groove 312, thereby limiting the movement path of the cutter blade 30 and ensuring the safety of downhole drilling operations.
[0051] In this invention, the pressure threshold of the sensing unit 41 is smaller than the pressure threshold of the positioning pin 222. In other words, after the drilling fluid flows into the fluid channel 23 and forms a flow pressure, the sensing unit 41 will be triggered first, that is, the position of the drive unit 31 in the drive chamber 22 will be changed by the adjusting unit 42 to achieve the effect of the drill bit 32 opening outward; then, as the flow pressure gradually increases, the positioning pin 222 will also extend upward under the action of the flow pressure, thereby ensuring that it can form a stable locking relationship with the positioning groove 312, so as to effectively limit the cutting edge 30, further improving the stability and efficiency of drilling operations.
[0052] Preferably, such as Figure 1As shown, a retrieval head 15 is provided above the sealing tool 14. Therefore, the retrievable directional drilling device can be smoothly retrieved using the retrieval head 15 after drilling is completed. In addition, the retrieval head 15 can be used to change the drill string assembly both after drilling is completed and during drilling.
[0053] This invention enables the pump to be started when drilling reaches the bottom of the well, and the cutter wings 30 to open under the action of flowing pressure to form a shape that meets the drilling requirements of the wellbore size. This overcomes the problems caused by the small size of conventional drill bits and the need for rotary guidance and drilling reamers in directional drilling. Furthermore, after drilling is completed and the pump is stopped, the cutter wings 30 will return to their original position along with the adjustment unit 42 without the action of flowing pressure, thus enabling the entire device to be retrieved and recovered.
[0054] According to a second aspect of the invention, an adjustment method is provided using a retrievable directional drilling device as described above, comprising the following steps:
[0055] First, the non-magnetic tool 12, the bent screw drill 11, and the drilling mechanism are installed and hung on the casing 13 by the sealing tool 14, and then lowered to the predetermined position at the bottom of the well.
[0056] Then, the pump is turned on, and the drilling fluid enters the central flow channel in the drilling body 21 through the casing 13, the non-magnetic tool 12 and the bent screw drill string 11 in sequence. Some of the drilling fluid will flow into the fluid channel 23. As the total amount of liquid in the fluid channel 23 increases, the drilling fluid will form flow pressure in the fluid channel 23.
[0057] Subsequently, the sensing unit 41 is triggered by the flow pressure, thereby changing the position of the driving unit 31 in the drive chamber 22 through the adjusting unit 42 to achieve the effect of the drill bit 32 opening outward; then, as the flow pressure gradually increases, the positioning pin 222 will also extend upward under the action of the flow pressure to form a locking with the positioning groove 312, further effectively limiting the cutting wing 30.
[0058] Afterwards, drilling work is carried out, and the pump is stopped after drilling is completed. The drilling fluid stops circulating, and the pressure in the fluid channel 23 is gradually released. The positioning pin 222 is reset first to release the lock, and the adjustment part 42 drives the drive part 31 to reset. At the same time, the drill bit 32 is caused to retract inward and reset.
[0059] Finally, a steel wire rope is lowered and engaged with the retrieval head 15 to retrieve the reusable directional drilling device to the ground, and then the well construction work is completed.
[0060] The first embodiment of the present invention is described below:
[0061] This embodiment takes drilling a φ215.9mm wellbore as an example. The conventionally used maximum casing size 13 is φ177.8mm, with a wall thickness of 10.36mm and an inner diameter of 157.08mm. To ensure drilling safety, a special drill bit (drilling mechanism) with an outer diameter of φ149.2mm is designed for use under surface conditions. This is combined with a φ120mm bent screw drill bit 11 and a non-magnetic drill bit 12. After assembly, these are mounted on the φ177.8mm casing 13 currently being drilled using a sealing tool 14.
[0062] Furthermore, after the assembled bottom drill string assembly is lowered to the bottom of the well, without starting the pump, the special drill bit, such as Figure 2 The condition shown is to maintain an outer diameter of φ149.2mm; after drilling to the bottom, the pump is turned on, and the drilling fluid flows through the casing 13, through the non-magnetic drill string 12 and the bent screw drill string 11 to reach the central flow channel of the drilling body 21.
[0063] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 Under the action of drilling fluid, part of the drilling fluid enters the drive chamber 22 through the fluid channel 23. The flow pressure in the fluid channel 23 triggers the sensing unit 41, which pushes the cutter blade 30 to open outward through the adjusting unit 42.
[0064] Furthermore, after the cutter wing 30 is opened to a specific position, the positioning pin 222 extends under the action of drilling fluid and engages with the positioning groove 312 to fix the cutter wing 30, thereby keeping the drill bit stable during drilling. At this point, the outer diameter of the special drill bit reaches φ215.9mm. It is easy to understand that during the sliding guide process, the drill string is stationary, drilling according to the set tool face, and the outer diameter of the drill bit remains unchanged under the condition of continuous pump operation, thus meeting the drilling requirements.
[0065] Furthermore, after drilling is completed, the pump is stopped, the drilling fluid in the casing 13 stops circulating, the drilling fluid in the fluid channel 23 becomes still and the pressure decreases, the positioning pin 222 returns to its original position, the pusher stops working, and the cutter wing 30 returns to its original position. At this time, the outer diameter of the drill bit becomes φ149.2mm under surface conditions.
[0066] Further, a steel wire rope is lowered, and the bottom drill string assembly is retrieved to the ground via the retrieval head 15 on the seated sealing tool 14. Then, cementing operations are carried out to complete the well construction.
[0067] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are:
[0068] Firstly, the cutter wing 30 of this invention can be in a retracted state before entering the well, and in an open state after being lowered to the predetermined position at the bottom of the well and the pump is started. This shape meets the drilling requirements of the wellbore size, effectively overcoming the problem that directional drilling requires rotary guidance and drilling reamer installation due to the small size of conventional drill bits. Furthermore, after drilling is completed and the pump is stopped, the cutter wing 30 can be switched from the open state to the retracted state, which facilitates the retrieval and recovery of the entire drill string assembly, further reducing the complexity of the bottom drill string assembly, improving overall drilling efficiency, and reducing drilling risks.
[0069] Secondly, this invention changes the outer diameter of the drill string by actively altering the operating state of the cutter blades 30 (i.e., retracted and extended states), thereby more easily meeting the overall requirements of drilling and retrieval. Furthermore, this application can significantly reduce construction costs (e.g., eliminating the need for a reamer while drilling), further enhancing its application value.
[0070] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can easily make changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention, and such changes or modifications should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A recyclable directional drilling device, comprising: a bent-screw drilling tool (11), and a drilling mechanism arranged below the bent-screw drilling tool (11), the drilling mechanism comprising a drilling body (21), at least three spaced-apart driving cabins (22) arranged in the drilling body (21), and a fluid passage (23) arranged between the driving cabins (22) and the drilling body (21) and used for receiving drilling fluid, wherein the drilling mechanism further comprises blades (30) matched with the driving cabins (22), and pushers arranged on the driving cabins (22) and matched with the blades (30), after the drilling fluid enters the fluid passage (23), a flow pressure is formed, the pushers can be triggered by the flow pressure and cause the blades (30) to open outward.
2. The recyclable directional drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The blades (30) comprise driving parts (31) in the driving cabins (22), and drill bit parts (32) connected with the driving parts (31) and outside the driving cabins (22).
3. The recyclable directional drilling apparatus of claim 2, wherein, The pushers comprise sensing parts (41) used for contacting the drilling fluid in the fluid passage (23), and adjusting parts (42) arranged between the sensing parts (41) and the driving parts (31), wherein the sensing parts (41) are configured to control the adjusting parts (42) to change the positions of the driving parts (31) and cause the drill bit parts (32) to open outward after being triggered by the flow pressure.
4. The recyclable directional drilling apparatus of claim 3, wherein, A limiting mesa (221) configured as a planar structure is arranged in the driving cabin (22), and a contact surface (311) used for forming a sealed fit with the limiting mesa (221) is arranged on the driving part (31).
5. The recyclable directional drilling apparatus of claim 4, wherein, A positioning groove (312) is formed on the driving part (31), and a positioning pin (222) is arranged at a corresponding position of the driving cabin (22), the positioning pin (222) is configured to be upwardly extended and clamped with the positioning groove (312) under the action of the flow pressure in the fluid passage (23).
6. The recyclable directional drilling apparatus of claim 5, wherein, The pressure threshold of the sensing part (41) is smaller than that of the positioning pin (222).
7. The recyclable directional drilling apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The recyclable directional drilling device further comprises a non-magnetic tool (12) arranged above the bent-screw drilling tool (11), and a plurality of measurement-while-drilling devices are arranged in the non-magnetic tool (12).
8. The recyclable directional drilling apparatus of claim 7, wherein, A casing (13) is arranged above the non-magnetic tool (12), The recyclable directional drilling device further comprises a sealing tool (14) arranged at the top of the non-magnetic tool (12), and the non-magnetic tool (12) is hung on the casing (13) through the sealing tool (14).
9. An adjusting method using the recyclable directional drilling device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: S1, running the recyclable directional drilling device to a predetermined position at the bottom of a well; S2, starting the pump, after the drilling fluid enters the fluid passage (23), a flow pressure is formed and triggers the sensing part (41), the position of the driving part (31) is changed by the adjusting part (42) to cause the blades (30) to open outward, and drilling work is performed. S3, the pump is closed, the fluid channel (23) is depressurized, the adjusting part (42) drives the blade wing (30) to contract inward and reset.
10. The conditioning method of claim 9, wherein, In S2, step S201 is further included: After the blade wing (30) is opened to the limit position, the positioning pin (222) is extended upward under the action of the flow pressure in the fluid channel (23) to be clamped with the positioning groove (312).