Linear motor impactor and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a linear motor impactor, which relates to the technical field of impact mechanisms and comprises an upper cylinder body, a middle cylinder body, a lower cylinder body, a piston, an impact head, a motor primary component, a motor secondary component, a motor driver and a controller, the motor primary part is located on the inner wall of the middle cylinder body, the motor secondary part is fixed to the piston, and the controller is connected with the motor primary part through the motor driver. The motor secondary part is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the middle section of the piston. The motor primary part comprises a first silicon steel iron core, a coil and a cooling pipeline. The device is simple and reliable in structure, is directly driven by electric power, is large in impact force, is high in impact frequency, is durable in structure, and is economical and environment-friendly. And electric direct drive is realized, and the use energy consumption can be reduced by more than 70%. The invention further discloses a using method of the linear motor impactor.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of impact mechanism, more particularly, it is a kind of linear motor impactor, and the present application also relates to the use method of the linear motor impactor. BACKGROUND

[0002] The existing hydraulic impactor with high frequency and large impact energy is driven by hydraulic power to realize high frequency and high impact energy, but the hydraulic power has the problems of multiple power transmission links, internal leakage of hydraulic oil, low energy utilization rate and environmental pollution of hydraulic oil.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a linear motor impactor with simple and reliable structure, direct electric drive, large impact force, high impact frequency, durable structure and economic and environmental protection, and a use method thereof. SUMMARY

[0004] The first object of the present application is to overcome the problems of multiple power transmission links, internal leakage of hydraulic oil, low energy utilization rate and environmental pollution of hydraulic oil in the existing hydraulic power driven piston cycle impact in the background art, and to develop a linear motor impactor with simple and reliable structure, direct electric drive, large impact force, high impact frequency, durable structure and economic and environmental protection.

[0005] The second object of the present application is to provide a use method of the linear motor impactor.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned first object, the technical scheme of the present application is as follows: a linear motor impactor, characterized in that it comprises an upper cylinder body, a middle cylinder body, a lower cylinder body, a piston, an impact head, a motor primary component, a motor secondary component, a motor driver and a controller, the lower end of the upper cylinder body is sealingly and fixedly connected with the upper end of the middle cylinder body, and the upper end of the lower cylinder body is sealingly and fixedly connected with the lower end of the middle cylinder body; the piston is located in the cavity formed by the upper cylinder body, the middle cylinder body and the lower cylinder body; the upper end of the impact head is located in the lower cylinder body and below the lower end of the piston, and the lower end of the impact head extends out of the lower cylinder body; the upper cylinder body, the middle cylinder body, the lower cylinder body, the piston and the impact head have a common central axis; the piston can slide along the central axis and impact the impact head; the impact head can slide along the central axis.

[0007] The motor primary component is fixed on the inner wall of the middle cylinder body, the motor secondary component is fixed on the piston, the magnetic force line direction of the motor primary component is towards the motor secondary component, the direction of the traveling wave magnetic field movement is parallel to the axis direction of the piston, and the motor primary component and the motor secondary component combine to form a linear motor driving function.

[0008] The controller is connected with the motor primary component through the motor driver.

[0009] The upper section of the piston is a surface-finished cylindrical shape, the lower section is an equal-section polygonal column, and the middle section is an equal-section polygonal column; the motor secondary component is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the middle section of the piston, and the length of the motor secondary component is the height of the motor primary component plus the stroke of the piston; the size of the motor primary component and the motor secondary component is matched to leave an electromagnetic air gap;

[0010] The inner wall of the middle cylinder body is a three-section polygon with a small middle section and large end sections, and a first step is formed between the middle section and the upper section of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body; the motor primary component is located in the upper section of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body, and the lower end of the motor primary component is supported on the first step; each polygonal inner wall of the upper section of the middle cylinder body is installed with a motor primary component;

[0011] The motor primary component comprises a silicon steel core, a coil and a cooling pipeline; the silicon steel core comprises a main body part close to the inner wall of the middle cylinder body and branch parts away from the inner wall of the middle cylinder body, and the branch parts are arranged on the main body part in a spaced manner from top to bottom; the coil is wound on the branch parts; the cooling pipeline is arranged on the main body part close to the inner wall of the middle cylinder body in a spaced manner from top to bottom; all parts of the motor primary component are injected and solidified into a whole by heat-resistant and insulating glue liquid to form a rectangular flat plate structure.

[0012] In the above technical solution, an upper guide sleeve is installed above the upper section of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body and the motor primary component; a gap is left between the upper guide sleeve and the upper section of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body, and the gap is used for passing the pipeline of the impactor;

[0013] The lower section of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body is provided with a second step, the lower end of the lower guide sleeve is tightly fixed in the middle cylinder body by the lower cylinder body, and the upper end of the lower guide sleeve is supported on the second step; the inner and outer walls of the lower guide sleeve are both polygonal, the size of the outer wall is matched with the inner wall of the lower section of the middle cylinder body, and the size of the inner wall is matched with the equal-section polygonal surface of the lower section of the piston, so that the lower guide sleeve can control the piston from rotating;

[0014] There is a gap of more than 5 mm between the middle section of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body and the outer wall of the motor secondary component; and a gap of more than 5 mm is left between the upper guide sleeve and the outer wall of the motor secondary component;

[0015] A sealing ring is installed in the inner circle of the lower opening of the inner cavity of the upper cylinder body, so as to seal the upper section of the piston and the lower opening of the inner cavity of the upper cylinder body to form a sealed cavity, and high-pressure nitrogen gas is injected into the cavity to form a gas energy storage structure when the piston slides up and down.

[0016] In the above technical solution, a ferrite or soft magnetic composite cylinder with a thickness of more than 5 mm is installed between the middle section of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body and the outer wall of the motor secondary component; and a ferrite or soft magnetic composite cylinder with a thickness of more than 5 mm is installed between the upper guide sleeve and the outer wall of the motor secondary component.

[0017] In the technical scheme, the motor secondary component comprises a soft magnetic material substrate and permanent magnets; the soft magnetic material substrate is fixed on the middle section of the piston, and a plurality of the permanent magnets are arranged on the soft magnetic material substrate in a spaced manner from top to bottom; the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are in the radial direction of the piston; the polarities of the adjacent permanent magnets are opposite; and the soft magnetic material substrate and the permanent magnets are integrally formed by being injected and solidified with high-strength glue.

[0018] In the technical scheme, the motor secondary component comprises a silicon steel core and permanent magnets; the silicon steel core is polygonal; a plurality of silicon steel core laminations are stacked in a spaced manner along the piston axis direction to form a plurality of polygonal annular grooves; the permanent magnets are inlaid in the grooves; the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnets is consistent with the piston central axis; the polarities of the adjacent permanent magnets are arranged in opposite directions; the outer surface of the permanent magnets is flush with the outer surface of the silicon steel core; and the plurality of silicon steel cores are integrally formed by being compressed by the center rod of the piston, and the center rod is made of non-magnetic material.

[0019] In the technical scheme, the motor secondary component comprises a silicon steel core and a conductive ring; the silicon steel core is stacked by a plurality of laminations; the laminations are stacked along the piston axis direction; the laminations comprise first laminations and second laminations; the diameter of the first laminations is larger than that of the second laminations; a plurality of the first laminations are stacked to form a first lamination group; a plurality of the second laminations are stacked to form a second lamination group; the first lamination group is located between the adjacent second lamination groups; an annular groove is formed between the adjacent first lamination group and the second lamination group; the conductive ring is inlaid in the annular groove; the material of the conductive ring is copper or aluminum and its alloy; the outer surface of the conductive ring is flush with the outer surface of the silicon steel core; and the silicon steel core is integrally formed by being compressed by the center rod of the piston, and the center rod is made of non-magnetic material.

[0020] In order to achieve the second purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is a use method of a linear motor impactor, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0021] Step 1, piston return stroke:

[0022] The operation controller instructs the motor driver to positively energize the motor primary component, the motor primary component generates a traveling wave magnetic field, each motor secondary component on the piston generates electromagnetic interaction under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field, generates a huge electromagnetic thrust in the direction of the upper cylinder, drives the piston to accelerate and slide in the direction of the upper cylinder, the nitrogen gas in the upper cylinder is compressed by the piston head, the pressure is increased to store energy, when the piston approaches the top dead center, the nitrogen gas pressure makes the piston start to decelerate and brake;

[0023] Step 2, top dead center commutation:

[0024] When the piston is sliding close to the top dead center, the controller receives the top dead center position sensor trigger signal installed on the upper cylinder or the displacement sensor trigger signal of the motor secondary part setting the top dead center stroke position, instructs the motor driver to power off each motor primary part and waits for a set time delay, the piston loses the upward thrust, the piston inertia sliding is braked to the top dead center by the nitrogen pressure, reverses under the action of the nitrogen pressure, slides to the lower cylinder, at this time, after the delay power off of the motor driver ends, the motor driver starts to supply reverse power to the motor primary part, the motor primary part reversely receives power and electromagnetically acts with the motor secondary part, so that the piston generates a huge electromagnetic thrust in the direction of the lower cylinder, at this time, the piston is impacted at high speed in the direction of the lower cylinder under the double action of the nitrogen pressure in the upper cylinder and the electromagnetic thrust;

[0025] Step 3, impact action:

[0026] When the piston is sliding close to the top dead center, the controller receives the top dead center position sensor trigger signal installed on the upper cylinder or the displacement sensor trigger signal of the motor secondary part setting the top dead center stroke position, instructs the motor driver to power off each motor primary part and waits for a set time delay, the piston loses the upward thrust, the piston inertia sliding is braked to the top dead center by the nitrogen pressure, reverses under the action of the nitrogen pressure, slides to the lower cylinder, at this time, after the delay power off of the motor driver ends, the motor driver starts to supply reverse power to the motor primary part, the motor primary part reversely receives power and electromagnetically acts with the motor secondary part, so that the piston generates a huge electromagnetic thrust in the direction of the lower cylinder, at this time, the piston is impacted at high speed in the direction of the lower cylinder under the double action of the nitrogen pressure in the upper cylinder and the electromagnetic thrust;

[0027] Step 4, lower dead center reversing:

[0028] After the piston impact is completed, the controller ends the delay waiting, instructs the motor driver to supply forward power to the motor secondary part, and repeats steps 1 to 4 to perform the cyclic impact action;

[0029] In the above steps, the impact force and impact frequency are adjusted by adjusting the voltage and current of the motor primary part.

[0030] In the above technical solution, the anti-empty hitting function is further included.

[0031] The anti-empty hitting function is as follows: when the impact head position is too low and exceeds the set piston hitting stroke range, the piston impact action will continue to slide downward, the controller receives the anti-empty hitting sensor trigger signal installed on the upper cylinder or the displacement sensor trigger signal of the motor secondary part setting the anti-empty hitting stroke position, and instructs the motor driver to power off and standby, the piston slides to the lower end limit end point and no longer returns upward, the piston stops moving, and the piston is prevented from continuously hitting empty to damage the impact device.

[0032] When the impact head is lifted upward, the piston disconnects the anti-empty hitting sensor signal, the controller restores the above steps 1-4, the impact head continues the impact action, and the anti-empty hitting function is realized.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0034] The application has simple and reliable structure, directly driven by power, large impact force, high impact frequency, durable structure, and economic and environmental protection. The electric direct drive is realized and the energy consumption is reduced by more than 70%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the application.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the motor primary component.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the motor secondary component in Example 1.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the motor secondary component in Example 2.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the motor secondary component in Example 3.

[0040] Wherein, 100 - upper cylinder body, 200 - middle cylinder body, 210 - first step, 220 - upper guide sleeve, 230 - second step, 240 - lower guide sleeve, 300 - lower cylinder body, 400 - piston, 410 - center pull rod, 500 - impact head, 600 - motor primary component, 610 - silicon steel core one, 611 - main body part, 612 - branch part, 620 - coil, 630 - cooling pipeline, 700 - motor secondary component, 710 - soft magnetic material substrate, 720 - permanent magnet one, 730 - silicon steel core two, 740 - permanent magnet two, 750 - silicon steel core three, 751 - first lamination, 752 - second lamination, 760 - conductive ring, 800 - motor driver, 900 - controller. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The embodiments of the application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but they do not constitute limitations on the application, and are only examples. At the same time, the advantages of the application will become clearer and easier to understand through the description.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] As Figure 1As shown, a linear motor impactor comprises an upper cylinder body 100, a middle cylinder body 200, a lower cylinder body 300, a piston 400, an impact head 500, a motor primary component 600, a motor secondary component 700, a motor driver 800, a controller 900, the lower end of the upper cylinder body 100 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the middle cylinder body 200 in a sealing manner, and the upper end of the lower cylinder body 300 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the middle cylinder body 200 in a sealing manner; the piston 400 is located in a cavity formed by the upper cylinder body 100, the middle cylinder body 200 and the lower cylinder body 300; the upper end of the impact head 500 is located in the lower cylinder body 300 and below the lower end of the piston 400, and the lower end of the impact head 500 extends out of the lower cylinder body 300; the upper cylinder body 100, the middle cylinder body 200, the lower cylinder body 300, the piston 400 and the impact head 500 have a common central axis; the piston 400 can slide along the central axis and impact the impact head 500; the impact head 500 can slide along the central axis;

[0044] The motor primary component 600 is fixed on the inner wall of the middle cylinder body 200, the motor secondary component 700 is fixed on the piston 400, the direction of the magnetic force line of the motor primary component 600 is towards the motor secondary component 700, and the direction of the traveling wave magnetic field is parallel to the axis direction of the piston 400;

[0045] The controller 900 is connected with the motor primary component 600 through the motor driver 800;

[0046] The upper section of the piston 400 is a cylindrical surface, the lower section is a polygonal column with equal cross sections, and the middle section is a polygonal column with equal cross sections; the motor secondary component 700 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the middle section of the piston 400, the length of the motor secondary component 700 is the height of the motor primary component 600 plus the piston stroke; the sizes of the motor primary component 600 and the motor secondary component 700 are matched to reserve an electromagnetic air gap;

[0047] The inner wall of the middle cylinder body 200 is a three-section polygon with a small middle section and large end sections, a first step 210 is formed between the middle section and the upper section of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body 200; the motor primary component 600 is located on the inner wall of the upper section of the middle cylinder body 200, and the lower end of the motor primary component 600 is supported on the first step 210; each polygonal inner wall of the upper section of the middle cylinder body 200 is installed with a motor primary component 600;

[0048] An upper guide sleeve 220 is installed above the inner wall of the upper section of the middle cylinder body 200 and the motor primary component 600; a gap is left between the upper guide sleeve 220 and the inner wall of the upper section of the middle cylinder body 200, and the gap is used for pipelines of the impactor;

[0049] The lower section of the middle cylinder 200 has a second step 230 on its inner wall. The upper end of the lower guide sleeve 240 is supported on the second step 230, and the lower end is pressed and fixed inside the middle cylinder 200 by the lower cylinder 300. The inner and outer walls of the lower guide sleeve 240 are both polygonal. The outer wall matches the inner wall size of the lower section of the middle cylinder 200, and the inner wall matches the surface size of the polygonal surface of the lower section of the piston 400, allowing them to slide against each other. The lower guide sleeve 240 controls the piston 400 to prevent it from rotating.

[0050] There is a gap of more than 5 mm between the inner wall of the middle section of the cylinder body 200 and the outer wall of the motor secondary component 700; there is a gap of more than 5 mm between the upper guide sleeve 220 and the outer wall of the motor secondary component 700.

[0051] A sealing ring is installed on the inner circle of the lower opening of the inner cavity of the upper cylinder 100 to seal the upper part of the piston 400 with the lower opening of the inner cavity of the upper cylinder 100 to form a sealed cavity. High-pressure nitrogen is injected into the cavity, and a gas energy storage structure is formed when the piston 400 slides up and down.

[0052] like Figure 2 As shown, the primary component 600 of the motor includes a silicon steel core 610, a coil 620, and a cooling pipe 630. The silicon steel core 610 includes a main body 611 on the side near the inner wall of the cylinder 200 and branch parts 612 on the side away from the inner wall of the cylinder 200. Multiple branch parts 612 are spaced apart from top to bottom on the main body 611. The coil 620 is wound around the branch parts 612. The cooling pipes 630 are spaced apart from top to bottom on the side of the main body 611 near the inner wall of the cylinder 200. All parts of the primary component 600 of the motor are injected and cured into a whole with heat-resistant and insulating adhesive to form a rectangular flat plate structure.

[0053] In the above scheme, a ferrite or soft magnetic composite material cylinder with a thickness greater than 5 mm is installed between the inner wall of the middle section of the cylinder block 200 and the outer wall of the motor secondary component 700; a ferrite or soft magnetic composite material cylinder with a thickness greater than 5 mm is installed between the upper guide sleeve 220 and the outer wall of the motor secondary component 700 to isolate the magnetic force of the motor secondary component 700 and reduce eddy current losses.

[0054] like Figure 3 As shown, the secondary component 700 of the motor includes a soft magnetic material substrate 710 and a permanent magnet 720. The soft magnetic material substrate 710 is fixed to the middle section of the piston 400. Multiple permanent magnets 720 are spaced apart from top to bottom on the soft magnetic material substrate 710. The magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 720 are in the radial direction of the piston 400, and adjacent permanent magnets 720 have opposite polarities. The soft magnetic material substrate 710 and the permanent magnets 720 are jointly injected and cured into a whole with high-strength adhesive. This example is used for a permanent magnet synchronous motor structure.

[0055] A method of using a linear motor impactor, comprising the steps of:

[0056] Step 1, piston return stroke:

[0057] The operation controller 900 instructs the motor driver 800 to energize the motor primary components 600 in the forward direction, the motor primary components 600 generate a traveling wave magnetic field, each motor secondary component 700 on the piston 400 generates electromagnetic interaction under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field, generating a huge electromagnetic thrust in the direction of the upper cylinder body 100, driving the piston 400 to accelerate and slide in the direction of the upper cylinder body 100, the nitrogen gas in the upper cylinder body 100 is compressed by the piston head, the pressure rises to store energy, when the piston 400 approaches the top dead center, the nitrogen gas pressure on the piston 400 makes the piston 400 start to decelerate and brake;

[0058] Step 2, top dead center reversal:

[0059] When the piston 400 slides to approach the top dead center, the controller 900 receives the top dead center position sensor trigger signal installed on the upper cylinder body 100, or the displacement sensor on the motor secondary component 700 sets the top dead center stroke position trigger signal, instructs the motor driver 800 to de-energize each motor primary component 600 and waits for a set time delay, the piston 400 loses the upward thrust and slides to the top dead center under the action of the nitrogen gas pressure, and reverses to slide in the direction of the lower cylinder body 300, at this time, the motor driver 800 starts to supply power to the motor primary component 600 in the reverse direction after the delay de-energization ends, the motor primary component 600 generates a huge electromagnetic thrust in the direction of the lower cylinder body 300 after being reversely powered, and the piston 400 is impacted at high speed in the direction of the lower cylinder body 300 under the action of the nitrogen gas pressure in the upper cylinder body 100 and the electromagnetic thrust;

[0060] Step 3, impact action:

[0061] When the piston 400 slides to approach the bottom dead center, the controller 900 receives the bottom dead center position sensor trigger signal installed on the upper cylinder body 100, or the displacement sensor on the motor secondary component 700 sets the bottom dead center stroke position trigger signal, instructs the motor driver 800 to de-energize each motor primary component 600 and waits for a set time delay, the piston 400 continues to slide at high speed and impacts the impact head 500, completing the impact function of the impact head 500 once;

[0062] Step 4, bottom dead center reversal:

[0063] After the piston 400 completes the impact, the controller 900 ends the delay waiting and instructs the motor driver 800 to supply power to the motor secondary component 700 in the forward direction, and the steps 1 to 4 are repeated to perform the cyclic impact action;

[0064] In the above steps, the impact force and impact frequency are adjusted by adjusting the voltage and current of the motor primary component 600.

[0065] It also includes an anti-air shot function.

[0066] Anti-air shot function: when the impact head 500 is positioned too low, exceeding the set piston 400 striking stroke range, the piston 400 impact action will continue to slide down, the controller 900 receives the anti-air shot sensor trigger signal installed on the upper cylinder body 100, or the displacement sensor on the motor secondary component 700 sets the anti-air shot stroke position trigger signal, instructing the motor driver 800 to power off standby, the piston 400 slides to the lower end limit end point and no longer returns upward, the piston 400 stops moving, preventing the piston 400 from continuously damaging the impact device;

[0067] When the impact head 500 is lifted upward, the piston 400 disconnects the anti-air shot sensor signal, the controller 900 resumes the above steps 1-4, and the impact head 500 continues to impact, realizing the anti-air shot function.

[0068] Example 2

[0069] This example is based on example 1, replacing the motor secondary component 700 shown in Figure 3 with the motor secondary component 700 shown in Figure 4 Specifically:

[0070] The motor secondary component 700 includes a silicon steel core two 730 and a permanent magnet two 740; the silicon steel core two 730 is polygonal, and the laminations of multiple silicon steel core two 730 are stacked in the piston axis direction, forming multiple polygonal ring grooves, the permanent magnet two 740 is inlaid in the grooves, the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet two 740 is consistent with the piston central axis, the polarity of adjacent permanent magnet two 740 is arranged in opposite directions, and the outer surface of the permanent magnet two 740 is flush with the outer surface of the silicon steel core two 730; multiple silicon steel core two 730 are compressed to form a whole by the center pull rod 410 of the piston 400, and the center pull rod 410 is made of non-magnetic material. This example is used for permanent magnet synchronous motor structure.

[0071] Example 3

[0072] This example is based on example 1, replacing the motor secondary component 700 shown in Figure 3 with the motor secondary component 700 shown in Figure 5 Specifically:

[0073] The motor secondary part 700 includes a silicon steel core three 750 and a conductive ring 760; the silicon steel core three 750 is stacked by a plurality of laminations, the laminations are stacked along the piston 400 axis direction, the laminations include first laminations 751 and second laminations 752, the diameter of the first laminations 751 is larger than the diameter of the second laminations 752, a plurality of first laminations 751 are stacked to form a first lamination group, a plurality of second laminations 752 are stacked to form a sixth lamination group, the first lamination group is located between adjacent second lamination groups, an annular groove is formed between adjacent first lamination groups and second lamination groups, the conductive ring 760 is embedded in the annular groove, the material of the conductive ring 760 is copper or aluminum and its alloy, the outer surface of the conductive ring 760 is flush with the outer surface of the silicon steel core three 750; the silicon steel core three 750 is compressed to form a whole by the center pull rod 410 of the piston 400, the center pull rod 410 is a non-magnetic material. The present example is used for the structure form of alternating current induction motor.

[0074] In the technical solutions of the above-mentioned embodiments 1-3, the silicon steel core one 610, the silicon steel core two 730 and the silicon steel core three 750 can be ferrite material cores of the same shape, which is convenient for equipment manufacturing.

[0075] The other parts not described belong to the prior art.

Claims

1. A linear motor impactor characterized by: The utility model relates to a cylinder-piston-motor integrated structure, including upper cylinder (100), middle cylinder (200), lower cylinder (300), piston (400), impact head (500), motor primary component (600), motor secondary component (700), motor driver (800), controller (900), upper cylinder (100) lower end and middle cylinder (200) upper end sealed fixed connection, lower cylinder (300) upper end and middle cylinder (200) lower end sealed fixed connection, the piston (400) is located in the cavity formed by upper cylinder (100), middle cylinder (200) and lower cylinder (300), the impact head (500) upper end is located in lower cylinder (300) and is located the lower end of piston (400) below, and the lower end is stretched out lower cylinder (300), and upper cylinder (100), middle cylinder (200), lower cylinder (300), piston (400), impact head (500) have common central axis, and the piston (400) can slide along the central axis and impact the impact head (500), and the impact head (500) can slide along the central axis, The motor primary component (600) is fixed in the inner wall of middle cylinder (200), the motor secondary component (700) is fixed on the piston (400), the magnetic force line direction of motor primary component (600) is towards motor secondary component (700), and the movement direction of traveling wave magnetic field is parallel with the axis direction of piston (400), and motor primary component (600) and motor secondary component (700) form linear motor drive function in combination, The controller (900) is connected with motor primary component (600) through motor driver (800), The upper section of piston (400) is cylindrical and wear-resistant, the lower section is polygonal column, and the middle section is polygonal column, the motor secondary component (700) is fixed on the outer surface of the middle section of piston (400), the length of motor secondary component (700) is the height of motor primary component (600) plus the piston stroke, and the size of motor primary component (600) and motor secondary component (700) is matched to reserve electromagnetic air gap, The inner wall of middle cylinder (200) is three-section polygon, the middle section and the upper section of the inner wall of middle cylinder (200) form first step (210), the motor primary component (600) is located in the inner wall of the upper section of middle cylinder (200), and the lower end of motor primary component (600) is supported on first step (210), and each polygonal inner wall of the upper section of middle cylinder (200) is provided with a flat plate-shaped motor primary component (600), The motor primary component (600) comprises a silicon steel core I (610), a coil (620) and a cooling pipeline (630); the silicon steel core I (610) comprises a main body part (611) close to one side of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body (200) and a branch part (612) away from the other side of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body (200), and a plurality of branch parts (612) are arranged on the main body part (611) in intervals from top to bottom; the coil (620) is wound on the branch part (612); and the cooling pipeline (630) is arranged on the main body part (611) close to one side of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body (200) in intervals from top to bottom, and all parts of the motor primary component (600) are injected and solidified into a whole by heat-resistant and insulating glue liquid to form a rectangular flat plate structure.

2. A linear motor impactor according to claim 1, characterized in that: An upper guide sleeve (220) is arranged on the upper segment of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body (200) and above the motor primary component (600); a gap is left between the upper guide sleeve (220) and the upper segment of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body (200), and the pipeline of the impactor passes through the gap; A second step (230) is arranged on the lower segment of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body (200), the upper end of a lower guide sleeve (240) is supported on the second step (230), and the lower end is tightly fixed in the middle cylinder body (200) by the lower cylinder body (300); the inner and outer walls of the lower guide sleeve (240) are both polygonal, the outer wall is matched with the inner wall of the lower segment of the middle cylinder body (200) in size, and the inner wall is matched with the surface of the equal cross-section polygon of the lower segment of the piston (400) in size, so that the lower guide sleeve (240) controls the piston (400) from rotating; A gap of more than 5 mm is left between the middle segment of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body (200) and the outer wall of the motor secondary component (700); and a gap of more than 5 mm is left between the upper guide sleeve (220) and the outer wall of the motor secondary component (700); A sealing ring is arranged on the inner circle of the lower opening of the inner cavity of the upper cylinder body (100), so as to seal the upper segment of the piston (400) and the lower opening of the inner cavity of the upper cylinder body (100) to form a sealed cavity, and high-pressure nitrogen gas is injected into the cavity to form a gas energy storage structure when the piston (400) slides up and down.

3. A linear motor impactor according to claim 2, characterised in that: A ferrite or soft magnetic composite cylinder with a thickness of more than 5 mm is arranged between the middle segment of the inner wall of the middle cylinder body (200) and the outer wall of the motor secondary component (700); and a ferrite or soft magnetic composite cylinder with a thickness of more than 5 mm is arranged between the upper guide sleeve (220) and the outer wall of the motor secondary component (700).

4. A linear motor impactor according to claim 3, characterised in that: The motor secondary component (700) comprises a soft magnetic material substrate (710) and a permanent magnet I (720); the soft magnetic material substrate (710) is fixed on the middle segment of the piston (400), a plurality of the permanent magnets (720) are arranged on the soft magnetic material substrate (710) in intervals from top to bottom, the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet I (720) are in the radial direction of the piston (400), the polarities of adjacent permanent magnets I (720) are opposite, and the soft magnetic material substrate (710) and the permanent magnet I (720) are jointly injected and solidified into a whole by high-strength glue liquid.

5. A linear motor impactor according to claim 3, wherein: The motor secondary component (700) comprises a silicon steel core two (730) and a permanent magnet two (740); the silicon steel core two (730) is polygonal, and the laminations of the plurality of silicon steel core two (730) are stacked in the piston (400) axis direction and form a plurality of polygonal annular grooves, the permanent magnet two (740) is inlaid in the grooves, the magnetic pole direction of the permanent magnet two (740) is consistent with the central axis of the piston (400), the adjacent permanent magnet two (740) is arranged in opposite polarity, and the outer surface of the permanent magnet two (740) is flush with the outer surface of the silicon steel core two (730); the plurality of silicon steel core two (730) is compressed to form an integral whole by the center pull rod (410) of the piston (400), and the center pull rod (410) is a non-magnetic material.

6. A linear motor impactor as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The motor secondary component (700) comprises a silicon steel core three (750) and a conductive ring (760); the silicon steel core three (750) is stacked by a plurality of laminations, the laminations are stacked in the piston (400) axis direction, and the laminations comprise first laminations (751) and second laminations (752); the diameter of the first lamination (751) is greater than that of the second lamination (752), a plurality of first laminations (751) are stacked to form a first lamination group, a plurality of second laminations (752) are stacked to form a second lamination group, the first lamination group is located between adjacent second lamination groups, and an annular groove is formed between adjacent first lamination groups and second lamination groups; the conductive ring (760) is inlaid in the annular groove, the material of the conductive ring (760) is copper or aluminum and an alloy thereof, and the outer surface of the conductive ring (760) is flush with the outer surface of the silicon steel core three (750); the silicon steel core three (750) is compressed to form an integral whole by the center pull rod (410) of the piston (400), and the center pull rod (410) is a non-magnetic material.

7. A method of using a linear motor impactor, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: Step 1, piston return stroke: The operation controller (900) instructs the motor driver (800) to positively energize the motor primary component (600), the motor primary component (600) generates a traveling wave magnetic field, each motor secondary component (700) on the piston (400) generates electro-magnetic interaction under the action of the traveling wave magnetic field, generates a huge electromagnetic thrust in the direction of the upper cylinder body (100), drives the piston (400) to slide in the direction of the upper cylinder body (100) at high speed, and the nitrogen in the upper cylinder body (100) is compressed by the piston head, the pressure is increased to store energy; when the piston (400) approaches the top dead center, the resistance of the nitrogen pressure to the piston (400) makes the piston (400) start to decelerate and brake; Step 2, top dead center reversing: When the piston (400) slides close to the top dead center, the controller (900) receives the top dead center position sensor trigger signal installed on the upper cylinder (100), or the displacement sensor on the motor secondary component (700) sets the top dead center stroke position trigger signal, instructs the motor driver (800) to power off each motor primary component (600) and waits for a set time delay, the piston (400) loses upward thrust, the piston (400) slides upward under the action of nitrogen pressure and is braked to reach the top dead center, and under the action of nitrogen pressure, it slides in the direction of the lower cylinder (300). At this time, after the delay power-off of the motor driver (800) ends, it starts to supply reverse power to the motor primary component (600), and after the motor primary component (600) receives reverse power, electromagnetic interaction occurs between the motor primary component (600) and the motor secondary component (700), generating a huge electromagnetic thrust in the direction of the lower cylinder (300). At this time, the piston (400) is subjected to the dual action of nitrogen pressure in the upper cylinder (100) and electromagnetic thrust, and impacts at high speed in the direction of the lower cylinder (300); Step 3, impact action: When the piston (400) slides close to the bottom dead center, the controller (900) receives the bottom dead center position sensor trigger signal installed on the upper cylinder (100), or the displacement sensor on the motor secondary component (700) sets the bottom dead center stroke position trigger signal, instructs the motor driver (800) to power off each motor primary component (600) and waits for a set time delay, and the piston (400) continues to slide and impact the impact head (500) at high speed, completing the impact function of the impact head (500) once; Step 4, bottom dead center reversing: After the piston (400) impacts, the controller (900) waits for a set time delay, instructs the motor driver (800) to supply power to the motor secondary component (700) in the forward direction, and repeats steps 1 to 4 to perform a cyclic impact action; In the above steps, the impact force and impact frequency are adjusted by adjusting the voltage and current of the motor primary component (600).

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the linear motor impactor is used to: It also includes an anti-air hammering function; Anti-air hammering function: when the impact head (500) is positioned too low and exceeds the set piston (400) impact stroke range, the piston (400) impact action will continue to slide downward, the controller (900) receives the anti-air hammering sensor trigger signal installed on the upper cylinder (100), or the displacement sensor on the motor secondary component (700) sets the anti-air hammering stroke position trigger signal, and instructs the motor driver (800) to power off standby. After the piston (400) slides to the lower end limit, it no longer returns upward, and the piston (400) stops moving, preventing the piston (400) from continuously hammering and damaging the impact device; When the impact head (500) is lifted upward, the piston (400) disconnects the anti-air hammering sensor signal, the controller (900) resumes the above steps 1-4, and the impact head (500) continues to perform the impact action, realizing the anti-air hammering function.

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