Safe explosive block crushing device and crushing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an explosive block safety crushing device and a crushing method, and relates to the technical field of ammunition decommissioning disposition, the explosive block safety crushing device comprises a crushing area defined by four separation walls, a placing table used for placing explosive blocks is fixedly arranged at the center of the crushing area, and the placing table is fixedly connected with a protective cylinder; the plurality of fixing rods are connected with the buffer mechanism; the hydraulic device is fixedly connected with a connecting block, the connecting block is connected with the pressure sensor through a first detachable structure, and the four separating walls are arranged and define the crushing area, so that explosive shock waves possibly brought by explosion when explosive blocks are crushed can be isolated through the separating walls; and meanwhile, shock waves generated when the ammunition explodes can be buffered through the buffering mechanism, and the situation that the isolation wall collapses due to explosion is avoided. And meanwhile, the pressure sensor and the connecting block are detachably and fixedly connected, dismounting and mounting operation is convenient and rapid, and the pressure sensor can be rapidly replaced under the condition that the pressure sensor is damaged after being used for a long time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ammunition decommissioning disposal, in particular to a safe explosive block breaking device and a breaking method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Ammunition is an important strategic resource for national military struggle preparation, which needs to be stored in large quantities. However, the life of ammunition is limited. After reaching the service life, its performance and quality no longer meet the training or combat requirements, and it loses its military utilization value and needs to be decommissioned. The existence of decommissioned ammunition poses a great threat to people's lives and property safety, and causes additional burden on storage, management, etc. In addition, due to the large number of ammunition that needs to be decommissioned, the management difficulty and cost will be increased, and the inherent combustion and explosion characteristics, instability and toxicity of decommissioned ammunition have potential danger, so it needs to be destroyed or recycled.

[0003] In the prior art, the decommissioned explosive block is generally broken by a driving mechanism to destroy the explosive block. The current explosive block breaking is manually operated. However, the existing breaking device lacks a material isolation device, so the operator needs to be close to the explosive block for breaking operation, which has a major safety risk. SUMMARY

[0004] To solve the problems in the prior art, the present application provides a safe explosive block breaking device, which comprises a breaking area surrounded by four isolation walls, a placing table for placing explosive blocks is fixedly arranged at the center of the breaking area, and a protective cylinder is fixedly connected to the placing table. A plurality of fixed rods are fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the protective cylinder, and a buffer mechanism is connected to each of the fixed rods. The buffer mechanism is used for buffering when the protective cylinder is subjected to an explosion impact. An installation beam is arranged above the placing table, a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the installation beam, a connecting block is fixedly connected to the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder, the connecting block and a pressure sensor located below the connecting block are connected through a first detachable structure, and the pressure sensor and a pressure block located below the pressure sensor are connected through a second detachable structure.

[0005] In a further aspect, the buffer mechanism comprises a first buffer assembly, the first buffer assembly comprises a plurality of first damping springs, one end of each of the fixed rods is fixedly connected to one end of the first damping springs, and the other end of the first damping springs is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the breaking area.

[0006] Further, the buffering mechanism further comprises a second buffering assembly, the second buffering assembly comprises a plurality of fixed blocks, two fixed blocks are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of each fixed rod, a sliding groove is formed in the top of each fixed block, a sliding block is slidably connected in each sliding groove, a first hinge seat is fixedly arranged on the top of each sliding block, a second hinge seat is fixedly arranged on the side of each fixed rod corresponding to the sliding block, the first hinge seat and one end of a connecting rod are hinged, the other end of the connecting rod and the second hinge seat are hinged, and one side of each sliding block is fixedly connected with one end of a second damping spring, and the other end of the second damping spring is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the crushing area.

[0007] Further, the plurality of fixed rods are arranged on the outer circumference of the placing table in a ring shape and at equal intervals.

[0008] Further, the first detachable structure comprises a limiting block, a positioning block, a movable plate and a spring, a limiting groove is formed in the bottom of the connecting block, and a hollow groove is formed in the two sides of the connecting block; the bottom of the limiting block is fixedly connected with the top of the pressure sensor, the number of the positioning blocks is two and the two positioning blocks are arranged in the limiting grooves, the number of the movable plates is two and the two movable plates are arranged in the hollow grooves, and the number of the springs is two and the two springs are fixedly arranged between the outer ends of the movable plates and the inner walls of the hollow grooves.

[0009] Further, the limiting block is inserted into the limiting groove, and the positioning block is inserted into the positioning groove.

[0010] Further, the second detachable structure comprises two hollow support rods, the two support rods are fixedly arranged on the top of the pressing block, the bottom of the pressure sensor is fixedly provided with two threaded rods, and the two threaded rods are threadedly connected with the two support rods, respectively.

[0011] Further, the signal output end of the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the signal input end of an external PLC controller, the first signal output end of the PLC controller is electrically connected with an audible and visual alarm, and the audible and visual alarm is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the isolation wall.

[0012] The application further provides a safe explosive block crushing method, the crushing method comprises: S1: manually place the explosive block to be broken on the placing table, and make the height of the explosive block lower than the height of the protective cylinder; S2: detachably fixedly connect the pressure block and the pressure sensor through the support rod and the threaded rod, and then install the whole formed by the pressure block and the pressure sensor on the connecting block, so that the pressure block, the pressure sensor and the connecting block are detachably fixedly connected; S3: start the hydraulic cylinder, and drive the pressure block to move vertically downward through the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder, so as to manually place the explosive block to be broken on the placing table, and make the height of the explosive block lower than the height of the protective cylinder; S4: the crushed explosive is washed to the filtering device by water, the explosive fragments passing through the filtering device are conveyed to the reactor, and the fragments falling on the filtering device are cleaned and sent back to the crushing device for re-crushing.

[0013] Further, in the process of breaking the explosive block in S3, a certain amount of water is injected into the protective cylinder through the water pipe. The present application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0014] The present application can block the explosion shock wave caused by the breaking of the explosive block through the isolation wall, thereby protecting the health and safety of the workers. Meanwhile, by arranging the buffer mechanism including the first buffer assembly and the second buffer assembly in the isolation wall, the buffer mechanism can buffer the impact of the shock wave caused by the explosion of the ammunition when the explosive block is broken, thereby avoiding the collapse of the isolation wall due to the explosion and prolonging the service life of the isolation wall.

[0015] The present application can move the movable plate outwardly, extrude the spring, move the positioning block outwardly, make the positioning block disengage from the positioning groove, then make the positioning block enter the empty groove, then move the pressure sensor downwardly, make the pressure sensor drive the limiting block to disengage from the limiting groove, and then take down the pressure sensor, thereby realizing the dismounting of the pressure sensor from the connecting block. Similarly, the replaced pressure sensor can be reinstalled on the connecting block, thereby realizing the detachable fixed connection between the pressure sensor and the connecting block. The above dismounting and mounting operations are convenient and fast, and the pressure sensor can be quickly replaced when the pressure sensor is damaged after long-term use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 The present application provides a top view of the structure of the explosive block safety breaking device; Figure 2 The present application provides a front view of the structure of the explosive block safety breaking device; Figure 3 As Figure 2 The structure schematic diagram of the enlarged part at A in the embodiment of the present application is shown. Figure 4 The structure schematic diagram of the connection between the briquetting and pressure sensor provided by the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0017] The figure shows: 10-isolation wall; 11-crushing area; 12-placing table; 13-protection cylinder; 14-fixing rod; 2-first damping spring; 30-mounting beam; 31-hydraulic cylinder; 32-connection block; 33-pressure sensor; 40-fixing block; 41-sliding groove; 42-sliding block; 43-first hinged seat; 44-second hinged seat; 45-connecting rod; 46-second damping spring; 47-briquetting; 50-limiting block; 51-positioning block; 52-moving plate; 53-spring; 54-limiting groove; 55-empty groove; 56-positioning groove; 57-cross rod; 60-supporting rod; 61-threaded rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0019] As Figures 1-4 shown, one embodiment of the present application discloses a safe explosive briquetting crushing device, which comprises a crushing area 11 enclosed by four isolation walls 10, and the height of the isolation wall can be set according to actual needs, which is slightly higher than the height of the staff.

[0020] When the explosive briquetting is crushed, the staff is outside the isolation wall, and then the explosion shock wave possibly caused by the crushing of the explosive briquetting can be cut off through the four isolation walls, so as to protect the health and safety of the staff.

[0021] A placing table 12 for placing explosive briquetting is fixedly arranged at the center of the crushing area 11, and the placing table 12 is fixedly connected with a protection cylinder 13. It should be noted that the staff can open a door on one wall of the four isolation walls or fixedly install a plurality of climbing railings on the inner wall and the outer wall of a certain isolation wall from top to bottom, so as to facilitate the staff to enter and exit the crushing area to place the explosive to be crushed or collect the crushed explosive.

[0022] Since the explosive briquetting may trigger the explosion of the explosive when being crushed, the impact power of the shock wave generated by the explosion may cause a great impact on the isolation wall, thereby causing the collapse of the isolation wall. The service life of the isolation wall is reduced. Therefore, the placing table 12 is fixedly connected with the protection cylinder 13, a plurality of fixing rods 14 are fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the protection cylinder 13, and a plurality of buffering mechanisms are connected to the plurality of fixing rods 14; when the protection cylinder 13 is impacted by explosion, the buffering mechanisms are used for buffering. It should be noted that the height of the protection cylinder in the embodiment of the present application can be set to be slightly higher than the height of the explosive block placed on the placing table, so that the explosive block to be broken can be placed on the placing table through the protection cylinder, so that the explosive block is equivalent to being placed in the protection cylinder, the position of the explosive block is limited, and the explosive block is not moved to an unexpected place on the placing table during subsequent breaking of the explosive block.

[0023] In the embodiment, the buffer mechanism includes a first buffer assembly, the first buffer assembly includes a plurality of first damping springs 2, one end of each fixed rod 14 is fixedly connected with one end of the first damping spring 2, and the other end of the first damping spring 2 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the breaking zone 1.

[0024] In the embodiment, the buffer mechanism further includes a second buffer assembly, the second buffer assembly includes a plurality of fixed blocks 40, two fixed blocks 40 are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the two sides of each fixed rod 14, a sliding groove 41 is formed in the top of each fixed block 40, a sliding block 42 is slidably connected in each sliding groove 41, a first hinge seat 43 is fixedly arranged on the top of each sliding block 42, a second hinge seat 44 is fixedly arranged on the side face of each fixed rod 14 corresponding to the sliding block 42, the first hinge seat 43 and the other end of a connecting rod 45 are hingedly connected, and the other end of the connecting rod 45 and the second hinge seat 44 are hingedly connected; one end of each sliding block 42 is fixedly connected with a second damping spring 46, and the other end of the second damping spring 46 is fixedly connected with the inner side wall of the breaking zone 11.

[0025] The embodiment of the present application can realize the case that the explosive block is broken and the ammunition explodes, at this time, the shock wave generated by the explosion is transmitted to the protection cylinder and diffuses outward, at this time, all the fixed rods move in the direction away from the protection cylinder under the impact force, and then all the fixed rods compress the first damping spring, and the first damping spring absorbs part of the impact energy after being compressed, thereby achieving the first-level buffer of the shock wave generated by the explosion. At the same time, when all the fixed rods move in the direction away from the protection cylinder under the impact force, the connecting rod rotates, so that each sliding block slides in the direction away from the fixed rod, thereby compressing the second damping spring, and the second damping spring absorbs the remaining part of the impact energy after being compressed, thereby achieving the second-level buffer of the shock wave generated by the explosion. Therefore, the first buffer assembly and the second buffer assembly are arranged in the embodiment to completely buffer the impact on the isolation wall generated by the shock wave generated by the explosion when the explosive block is broken, thereby protecting the isolation wall and avoiding the collapse of the isolation wall caused by a large impact force.

[0026] In the embodiment, the plurality of fixed rods 14 are arranged in a ring shape at equal intervals on the outer circumference of the placing table 10.

[0027] The embodiment of the present application can realize the dispersion of the impact force generated by the ammunition explosion to each fixed rod, and then the first buffer assembly and the second buffer assembly arranged on each fixed rod absorb the impact energy respectively, thereby enhancing the energy buffering effect.

[0028] The upper part of the placing table 12 is provided with a mounting beam 30, and the two ends of the mounting beam 30 are fixedly connected with the inner walls of the two isolation walls 10 respectively. The bottom of the mounting beam 30 is fixedly provided with a hydraulic cylinder 31, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 31 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 32. The connecting block 32 is connected with a pressure sensor 33 located below the connecting block 32 through a first detachable structure, and the pressure sensor 33 is connected with a pressing block 34 located below the pressure sensor 33 through a second detachable structure. The first detachable structure comprises a limiting block 50, a positioning block 51, a movable plate 52 and a spring 53. The bottom of the connecting block 32 is provided with a limiting groove 54, and the inside of the connecting block 32 is provided with an empty groove 55 on both sides and in communication with the limiting groove 54. The bottom of the limiting block 50 is fixedly connected with the top of the pressure sensor 33, and the number of the positioning blocks 51 is set to two and arranged in the limiting grooves 54 respectively. The number of the movable plates 52 is set to two and arranged in the two empty grooves 55 respectively, and the number of the springs 53 is set to two and fixedly arranged between the outer ends of the movable plates 52 and the inner walls of the empty grooves 55 respectively. The limiting block 50 is provided with a positioning groove 56 on both sides, and the inside of the empty groove 55 is fixedly provided with a horizontal rod 57 at the upper and lower ends. The upper and lower ends of the movable plate 52 are respectively sleeved on the two horizontal rods 57 on the corresponding side and are in sliding connection with the horizontal rods 57, the lower end of the movable plate 52 penetrates out of the connecting block 32, the inner end of the movable plate 52 penetrates out of the empty groove 55 and is fixedly connected with the outer end of the positioning block 51, the limiting block 50 is inserted into the limiting groove 54, and the positioning block 51 is inserted into the positioning groove 56.

[0029] The embodiment of the present application can realize the detachable fixed connection of the pressure sensor and the connecting block, so that when the pressure sensor is damaged after long-term use, it can be quickly detached from the mounting block. Specifically, first, the movable plate is moved outward, so that the movable plate slides outwardly on the fixed rod, and the spring is also extruded when the movable plate moves, and at the same time, the positioning block is moved outward, so that the positioning block is separated from the positioning groove, and then enters the empty groove. Subsequently, the drill bit can be moved downward, so that the drill bit drives the limiting block to be pulled out of the limiting groove, and then the pressure sensor is taken out. The above disassembly operation is convenient and fast.

[0030] When a new pressure sensor needs to be installed, the new pressure sensor is inserted into the limiting groove together with the limiting block, so that the limiting groove and the empty groove correspond to each other, then the movable plate is loosened, and the spring is rebounded by the rebounding force of the spring, so that the spring drives the movable plate and the positioning block to move inward, thereby making the positioning block move out of the empty groove and be inserted into the positioning groove, so that the limiting block and the pressure sensor are positioned by the positioning block, thereby ensuring the stability of the installation of the pressure sensor.

[0031] In the embodiment, the pressure sensor 33 and the pressing block 34 located below the pressure sensor 33 are connected through a second detachable structure. The second detachable structure includes two internally hollow support rods 60, and the two support rods 60 are fixedly arranged on the top of the pressing block 34. The bottom of the pressure sensor 33 is fixedly provided with two threaded rods 61, and the two threaded rods 61 are respectively threadedly connected with the two support rods 60.

[0032] The embodiment of the present application can realize that the two threaded rods are respectively screwed into the corresponding support rods, so that the pressure sensor and the pressing block are detachably and fixedly connected, and the pressing block can be quickly detached from the pressure sensor for replacement in the case that the pressing block is damaged after long-term use. The above-mentioned dismounting and mounting operation is simple and fast.

[0033] In the embodiment, the signal output end of the pressure sensor 33 is electrically connected with the signal input end of the external PLC controller, the first signal output end of the PLC controller is electrically connected with the sound-light alarm, and the sound-light alarm is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the isolation wall 10.

[0034] It should be noted that, since the pressing block of the present application is used for crushing explosive blocks, the vertical downward pressure provided by crushing is too large or too small, which will affect the crushing effect. When the pressure is too large, the explosive block is prone to detonation. When the pressure is too small, the crushing effect on the explosive block is not complete. Therefore, the pressure required for crushing the explosive block needs to be within a certain range, and the pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is implemented. The pressure sensor of the present application has a threshold value. When the real-time pressure value detected by the pressure sensor is greater than the maximum threshold value, a signal can be sent to the external PLC controller. After receiving the signal, the PLC controller sends a signal to the sound-light alarm device, so that the sound-light alarm device emits an alarm sound to improve the working personnel.

[0035] The embodiment of the present application also provides a safe crushing method for explosive blocks based on the above-mentioned crushing device, and the crushing method comprises the following steps: S1: manually placing the explosive block to be crushed on the placement table, and making the height of the explosive block lower than the height of the protective cylinder; S2: the pressing block and the pressure sensor are detachably fixedly connected through the supporting rod and the threaded rod, and the whole formed by the pressing block and the pressure sensor is installed on the connecting block, so that the pressing block, the pressure sensor and the connecting block are detachably fixedly connected; S3: the hydraulic cylinder is started, the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder drives the pressing block to vertically move downward, so that the artificial places the explosive block to be broken into the placing table, and the height of the explosive block is lower than the height of the protection cylinder; S4: the crushed explosive is washed by water to the filtering device, the explosive fragments passing through the filtering device are conveyed to the reactor, and the fragments falling on the filtering device are cleaned and sent back to the crushing device for re-crushing, so that the explosive block is completely broken.

[0036] Further, in the process of crushing the explosive block in S3, a certain amount of water is injected into the protection cylinder through the water pipe, so that the heat of the explosive block is reduced, and the safety of the crushing is further increased.

[0037] Finally, it is to be noted that the above only describes and explains the specific embodiments of the present application in detail. However, the present application is not limited to the above described specific embodiments. The equivalent modifications and substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the present application are also within the scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent transformations and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application are also covered within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An explosive charge safety breaking device, characterized in that: a breaking area (11) enclosed by four isolation walls (10), a placing table (12) for placing explosive charges is fixedly arranged at the center of the breaking area (11), and a protective cylinder (13) is fixedly connected to the placing table (12); a plurality of fixed rods (14) are fixedly arranged on the outer circumference of the protective cylinder (13), and a plurality of buffer mechanisms are connected to the fixed rods (14); the protective cylinder (13) is buffered by the buffer mechanisms when subjected to an explosion impact; an installation beam (30) is arranged above the placing table (12), a hydraulic cylinder (31) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the installation beam (30), a connecting block (32) is fixedly connected to the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder (31), the connecting block (32) is connected to a pressure sensor (33) below it through a first detachable structure, and the pressure sensor (33) is connected to a pressing block (34) below it through a second detachable structure.

2. The explosive charge safety breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the buffer mechanism comprises a first buffer assembly, the first buffer assembly comprises a plurality of first damping springs (2), one end of each of the fixed rods (14) is fixedly connected to one end of the first damping springs (2), and the other end of the first damping springs (2) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the breaking area (1).

3. The explosive charge safety breaking device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the buffer mechanism further comprises a second buffer assembly, the second buffer assembly comprises a plurality of fixed blocks (40), two fixed blocks (40) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on both sides of each of the fixed rods (14), a sliding groove (41) is formed in the top of each of the fixed blocks (40), a sliding block (42) is slidably connected in each of the sliding grooves (41), a first hinge seat (43) is fixedly arranged on the top of each of the sliding blocks (42), a second hinge seat (44) is fixedly arranged on the side of each of the fixed rods (14) corresponding to the sliding blocks (42), the first hinge seat (43) is hingedly connected to one end of a connecting rod (45), the other end of the connecting rod (45) is hingedly connected to the second hinge seat (44), and one side of each of the sliding blocks (42) is fixedly connected to one end of a second damping spring (46), the other end of the second damping spring (46) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the breaking area (11).

4. The explosive charge safety breaking device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: a plurality of the fixed rods (14) are arranged on the outer circumference of the placing table (10) in a ring shape and at equal intervals.

5. The explosive charge safety breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ The first detachable structure comprises a limiting block (50), a positioning block (51), a movable plate (52) and a spring (53), the bottom of the connecting block (32) is provided with a limiting groove (54), both sides of the inside of the connecting block (32) are provided with an empty groove (55) communicated with the limiting groove (54); the bottom of the limiting block (50) is fixedly connected with the top of the pressure sensor (33), the number of the positioning blocks (51) is two and they are respectively arranged in the limiting grooves (54), the number of the movable plates (52) is two and they are respectively arranged in the two empty grooves (55), the number of the springs (53) is two and they are respectively fixedly arranged between the outer ends of the movable plates (52) and the inner walls of the empty grooves (55).

6. The explosive pellet safety breaking device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting block (50) is provided with a positioning groove (56) on both sides, the inside of the empty groove (55) is fixedly provided with a horizontal rod (57) at both ends, the upper and lower ends of the movable plate (52) are respectively sleeved on two horizontal rods (57) on the corresponding side and are in sliding connection with the horizontal rods (57), the lower end of the movable plate (52) penetrates out of the connecting block (32), the inner end of the movable plate (52) penetrates out of the empty groove (55) and is fixedly connected with the outer end of the positioning block (51), the limiting block (50) is inserted into the limiting groove (54), and the positioning block (51) is inserted into the positioning groove (56).

7. The explosive pellet safety breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second detachable structure comprises two hollow support rods (60), and the two support rods (60) are fixedly arranged on the top of the pressing block (34), the bottom of the pressure sensor (33) is fixedly provided with two threaded rods (61), and the two threaded rods (61) are respectively in threaded connection with the two support rods (60).

8. The explosive pellet safety breaking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal output end of the pressure sensor (33) is electrically connected with the signal input end of an external PLC controller, the first signal output end of the PLC controller is electrically connected with a sound-light alarm, and the sound-light alarm is fixedly arranged on the outer surface of the isolation wall (10).

9. A method of breaking a charge based on the device of any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: The breaking method comprises: S1: manually placing the explosive pellets to be broken on the placing table, and making the height of the explosive pellets lower than the height of the protective cylinder; S2: detachably fixedly connecting the pressing block and the pressure sensor through the support rod and the threaded rod, and then mounting the whole formed by the pressing block and the pressure sensor on the connecting block, so that the pressing block, the pressure sensor and the connecting block are in detachable fixed connection; S3: starting the hydraulic cylinder, and driving the pressing block to vertically move downward by the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder, so as to manually place the explosive pellets to be broken on the placing table, and make the height of the explosive pellets lower than the height of the protective cylinder; S4: washing the crushed explosive with water to the filtering device, conveying the explosive fragments passing through the filtering device to the reactor, and cleaning the fragments falling on the filtering device and sending them back to the breaking device for re-breaking.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: In the process of breaking the explosive block in S3, a certain amount of water is injected into the protective cylinder through a water pipe.

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