Battery cell pressure-bearing detection equipment for energy storage battery module production

Abstract

The invention discloses battery cell pressure-bearing detection equipment for energy storage battery module production, and belongs to the field of battery detection. The battery cell pressure-bearing detection equipment for energy storage battery module production comprises a box body, the box body is filled with water, a positioning assembly is arranged in the box body and used for fixing a to-be-detected battery cell, and a pressure relief locking assembly is arranged at the top of the positioning assembly and used for maintaining the forced closing state of an anti-explosion valve on the battery cell in the testing process; an external pressure applying assembly is arranged on one side of the positioning assembly, the external pressure applying assembly is used for applying pressure to the exterior of the battery cell, and an internal pressure applying assembly is arranged at the pressure relief locking assembly. Through the internal pressure applying assembly and the external pressure applying assembly, an internal pressure bearing test and an external extrusion test can be performed on the battery cell, the failure mode of the battery under different extreme working conditions can be better simulated, and the pressure bearing capability of the battery cell can be better evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery testing, and in particular to a pressure testing device for battery cells used in the production of energy storage battery modules. Background Technology

[0002] The global energy transition is accelerating, and the energy storage industry is entering a period of rapid development. In the field of new energy, battery cells, modules, and battery packs together constitute the core components of energy storage systems. With the increasing popularity of new energy electric vehicles and portable electronic devices, battery safety and reliability have become a focus of attention. As the core component of a battery, the quality of the battery cell directly affects the battery's performance and safety.

[0003] The battery casing, as a key structural component that houses and protects the battery cells, is crucial to the safety of the battery pack, and its strength and pressure resistance are vital. Cell pressure testing primarily involves applying pressure to the cells to simulate the compression and impact conditions that batteries may encounter during actual use, thereby assessing the cells' performance under these extreme conditions.

[0004] Cell pressure testing typically requires specialized testing equipment, such as pressure testing machines. Existing equipment usually only supports individual external mechanical pressure testing or internal gas pressure testing. Since internal and external pressure testing need to be performed in separate steps, in practice, it may be necessary to configure two independent testing devices, increasing equipment purchase and maintenance costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a pressure testing device for battery cells used in the production of energy storage battery modules, which can solve the problem that existing pressure testing devices for battery cells used in the production of energy storage battery modules may require the configuration of two independent testing devices, increasing the cost of equipment purchase and maintenance.

[0006] A pressure testing device for battery cells used in the production of energy storage battery modules includes a housing filled with water. A positioning component is provided inside the housing to fix the battery cell to be tested. A pressure relief locking component is provided on the top of the positioning component to maintain the forced closed state of the explosion-proof valve on the battery cell during the test. An external pressure applying component is provided on one side of the positioning component, which is used to apply pressure to the outside of the battery cell. An internal pressure applying component is provided at the pressure relief locking component, which is used to apply gas pressure to the inside of the battery cell through the liquid injection port on the battery cell.

[0007] Preferably, the positioning assembly includes a first mounting plate fixed to the bottom wall of the housing, a second mounting plate fixed to the bottom wall of the housing, two first screws and two clamping plates, the two first screws being threadedly connected to the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate respectively, and the two clamping plates being rotatably connected to one end of the corresponding first screw.

[0008] Preferably, the pressure relief locking assembly includes a connecting plate disposed on the top of the clamping plate, a first slider disposed on the connecting plate, a second screw threadedly connected to the first slider, and a pressure plate rotatably connected to the bottom end of the second screw.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure relief locking assembly further includes a movable plate slidably connected to the second mounting plate, a plurality of positioning slots formed inside the connecting plate, and a plurality of positioning plates inserted into the corresponding positioning slots, wherein the connecting plate is hinged to the movable plate.

[0010] Preferably, the pressure relief locking assembly further includes two limiting plates symmetrically fixed to the top of the connecting plate, each limiting plate being L-shaped, and the first slider being slidably connected between the two limiting plates.

[0011] Preferably, the internal pressure application assembly includes a second slider slidably connected between two limiting plates, a third screw threadedly connected to the second slider, a connecting frame rotatably connected to the bottom end of the third screw, a seal fixed to the bottom of the connecting frame, and an air inlet pipe fixed to the connecting frame.

[0012] Preferably, the internal pressure application assembly further includes a booster pump fixed to the housing, a delivery pipe fixed to the side wall of the housing, an air supply pipe fixed to the pressure relief locking assembly, a first flexible hose connected between the air supply pipe and the air inlet pipe, a second flexible hose connected between the air supply pipe and the delivery pipe, and a first pressure sensor fixed to the delivery pipe, wherein the delivery pipe is connected to the booster pump.

[0013] Preferably, the external pressure application assembly includes a cylinder fixed to the inner wall of the box, a push plate disposed between the clamping plates, and a second pressure sensor fixed between one of the clamping plates and the push plate, wherein the drive shaft of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the adjacent clamping plate.

[0014] Preferably, a partition is fixed inside the box, and the side of the partition opposite to the positioning component is set as a water storage chamber. A delivery pump is fixed on the inner wall of the box. A first connecting pipe extending into the water storage chamber is fixed at the inlet end of the delivery pump, and a second connecting pipe is fixed at the outlet end of the delivery pump. A drain pipe is fixed on the side of the partition near the bottom, and a valve is provided on the drain pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the top of the box is hinged with a box cover, and a transparent plate is embedded inside the box cover.

[0016] This invention provides a cell pressure testing device for energy storage battery module production, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. By controlling the water level to be higher than the battery cell and push plate through mechanical loading, a cylinder pushes the push plate to apply pressure to the battery cell, simulating transportation or collision conditions and potential external pressure. When the battery cell ruptures under pressure, air bubbles in the water are visible in real time through a transparent plate, allowing for rapid assessment of whether leakage or expansion has occurred, thus achieving external pressure testing of the battery cell. Simultaneously, internal pressure testing can also be performed. A booster pump, through an inlet pipe, delivery pipe, gas supply pipe, and first and second flexible hoses, forms a gas delivery path to pressurize the battery cell. By observing the escape of air bubbles, it's possible to determine if leakage or expansion has occurred, simulating conditions such as thermal runaway, thus achieving internal pressure testing of the battery cell. With the addition of internal and external pressure application components, internal pressure testing and external compression testing of the battery cell can be performed. The testing equipment is multifunctional, better simulating battery failure modes under different extreme conditions, facilitating a better assessment of the battery cell's pressure resistance, and improving the reliability of the test results.

[0017] 2. The spacing of the clamping plates is adjusted by rotating the first screw to accommodate battery cells of different sizes. The clamping plates move to hold and fix the battery cells, ensuring their stability during testing. Simultaneously, in conjunction with the movable connection between the first and second sliders, the second and third screws can move freely between the limiting plates. This allows for easy adjustment of the pressure plate and air inlet pipe positions according to the explosion-proof valves and liquid injection ports on different battery cells, improving applicability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a cell pressure testing device for energy storage battery module production provided by the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a battery cell pressure testing device for energy storage battery module production. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the pressure relief locking assembly, internal pressure application assembly, and external pressure application assembly of a cell pressure testing device for energy storage battery module production provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the pressure relief locking assembly and internal pressure application assembly of a cell pressure testing device for energy storage battery module production.

[0019] Figure 5 This invention provides a cell pressure testing device for energy storage battery module production. Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 6 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the structure of the second pressure sensor in a cell pressure testing device for energy storage battery module production.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Housing; 2. Positioning assembly; 21. First mounting plate; 22. First screw; 23. Clamping plate; 24. Second mounting plate; 3. Pressure relief locking assembly; 31. Movable plate; 32. Connecting plate; 33. Limiting plate; 34. First slider; 35. Second screw; 36. Pressure plate; 37. Positioning plate; 38. Positioning groove; 4. Internal pressure application assembly; 41. Second slider; 42. Third screw; 43. Connecting frame; 44. Seal; 45. Air inlet pipe; 46. First hose; 47. Air delivery pipe; 48. Second hose; 49. Booster pump; 410. First pressure sensor; 411. Delivery pipe; 5. External pressure application assembly; 51. Cylinder; 52. Push plate; 53. Second pressure sensor; 6. Partition; 7. Delivery pump; 8. First connecting pipe; 9. Second connecting pipe; 10. Drain pipe; 11. Housing cover; 12. Transparent plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, but it should be understood that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cell pressure testing device for energy storage battery module production, including a housing 1, the housing 1 being filled with water, a positioning component 2 being provided inside the housing 1 for fixing the cell to be tested, a pressure relief locking component 3 being provided on the top of the positioning component 2 for maintaining the forced closed state of the explosion-proof valve on the cell during the test; an external pressure applying component 5 being provided on one side of the positioning component 2 for applying pressure to the outside of the cell, and an internal pressure applying component 4 being provided at the pressure relief locking component 3 for applying gas pressure to the inside of the cell through the liquid injection port on the cell.

[0023] After the battery cell under test is positioned by the positioning component 2, the explosion-proof valve is closed by the pressure relief and locking component 3. External pressure is applied to the battery cell by the external pressure application component 5 to simulate transportation or collision conditions and potential external pressures, thus testing the battery cell's pressure resistance under pressure. The internal pressure application component 4 pressurizes the battery cell with gas, simulating a sudden increase in internal pressure due to anomalies such as internal short circuits. This continues until the battery cell ruptures (internal gas escapes), at which point its maximum pressure resistance is measured, allowing for an assessment of the battery cell's structural integrity under continuous pressure.

[0024] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the positioning component 2 includes a first mounting plate 21 fixed to the bottom wall of the housing 1, a second mounting plate 24 fixed to the bottom wall of the housing 1, two first screws 22 and two clamping plates 23. The two first screws 22 are respectively threaded to the first mounting plate 21 and the second mounting plate 24, and the two clamping plates 23 are respectively rotatably connected to one end of the corresponding first screw 22.

[0025] The battery cell is placed between the clamping plates 23. The spacing between the clamping plates 23 can be adjusted by rotating the first screw 22 to accommodate battery cells of different sizes. The clamping plates 23 move to clamp and fix the battery cell, ensuring its stability during testing.

[0026] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the pressure relief locking assembly 3 includes a connecting plate 32 on the top of the clamping plate 23, a first slider 34 on the connecting plate 32, a second screw 35 threadedly connected to the first slider 34, a pressure plate 36 rotatably connected to the bottom end of the second screw 35, a movable plate 31 slidably connected to the second mounting plate 24, a plurality of positioning grooves 38 opened inside the connecting plate 32, and a plurality of positioning plates 37 inserted into the corresponding positioning grooves 38. The positioning plates 37 are fixed on the partition plate 6, and the connecting plate 32 is hinged to the movable plate 31.

[0027] The pressure relief locking assembly 3 is used to maintain the battery cell explosion-proof valve in a forced closed state during testing, preventing it from opening prematurely. After the battery cell is clamped and fixed between the clamping plates 23, the connecting plate 32 is flipped to a horizontal position. The connecting plate 32 is moved, and the movable plate 31 slides inside the second mounting plate 24, so that the positioning groove 38 engages with the positioning plate 37, thereby positioning the connecting plate 32. Then, the second screw 35 is rotated to move the pressure plate 36 down and press the battery cell explosion-proof valve.

[0028] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the internal pressure application assembly 4 includes a second slider 41 slidably connected between two limiting plates 33, a third screw 42 threadedly connected to the second slider 41, a connecting frame 43 rotatably connected to the bottom end of the third screw 42, a seal 44 fixed to the bottom of the connecting frame 43, an air inlet pipe 45 fixed to the connecting frame 43, a booster pump 49 fixed to the housing 1, a delivery pipe 411 fixed to the side wall of the housing 1, an air supply pipe 47 fixed to the pressure relief locking assembly 3, a first flexible hose 46 connecting the air supply pipe 47 and the air inlet pipe 45, a second flexible hose 48 connecting the air supply pipe 47 and the delivery pipe 411, and a first pressure sensor 410 fixed to the delivery pipe 411. The first pressure sensor 410 is used to measure pressure changes in the pipeline. The delivery pipe 411 is connected to the booster pump 49, the air supply pipe 47 is fixed to the connecting plate 32, and the air inlet pipe 45 can be inserted into the injection port.

[0029] The internal pressure application component 4 is used to apply controllable gas pressure to the inside of the battery cell to simulate conditions such as thermal runaway, including gas pressure generated inside the battery due to chemical reactions, thermal runaway, or drastic temperature changes. Rotating the third screw 42 causes the connecting bracket 43 and the seal 44 to move downwards, allowing the air inlet pipe 45 to engage with the liquid injection port, and the seal 44 to form a sealed connection with the battery cell's liquid injection port, ensuring the battery cell's internal sealing. The air inlet pipe 45, booster pump 49, delivery pipe 411, gas delivery pipe 47, first hose 46, and second hose 48 constitute a gas delivery path. The booster pump 49 pressurizes the inside of the battery cell, and the first pressure sensor 410 monitors the pressure in the pipeline in real time, observing bubbles in the water to determine if the battery cell has leaked or expanded abnormally.

[0030] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the pressure relief locking assembly 3 also includes two symmetrically fixed limiting plates 33 on the top of the connecting plate 32. The limiting plates 33 are both designed as L-shaped structures, and the first slider 34 is slidably connected between the two limiting plates 33.

[0031] The first slider 34 and the second slider 41 are both movably mounted on the connecting plate 32 and can move freely between the limiting plates 33. This allows for easy adjustment of the position of the pressure plate 36 and the air inlet pipe 45 according to the explosion-proof valve and liquid injection port on different battery cells, thereby improving the applicability of the application.

[0032] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 6As shown, the external pressure application assembly 5 includes a cylinder 51 fixed to the inner wall of the housing 1, a push plate 52 disposed between the clamping plates 23, and a second pressure sensor 53 fixed between one of the clamping plates 23 and the push plate 52. The drive shaft of the cylinder 51 is fixedly connected to the adjacent clamping plate 23. The cylinder 51 is inserted into the partition 6, and an extension rod is fixed on its drive shaft and fixed to the clamping plate 23. A seal is provided inside the partition 6 at the insertion point of the cylinder 51 to seal the moving part of the drive shaft.

[0033] When external pressure needs to be applied to the battery cell, the control cylinder 51 pushes the push plate 52, which applies a mechanical load to simulate external pressure, such as the squeezing or collision forces that the battery may experience during transportation, installation, or use. The push plate 52 transmits the pressure from the cylinder 51. When the battery cell ruptures under a certain pressure, the second pressure sensor 53 is used to measure the external pressure value applied to the battery cell by observing bubbles in the water.

[0034] The second pressure sensor 53 is a waterproof pressure sensor, meeting the high waterproof design of IP68 level, ensuring normal operation at certain water depths and for a certain period of time. It is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as stainless steel and ceramics to adapt to the corrosive environment in water. The waterproof pressure sensor is equipped with waterproof connectors and cables, providing stable waterproof, corrosion-resistant, and insulation performance. All components in contact with water are made of stainless steel with a corrosion-resistant coating to ensure a long service life.

[0035] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a partition 6 is fixedly installed inside the housing 1. The side of the partition 6 opposite to the positioning component 2 is designated as a water storage chamber, and the side closer to the positioning component 2 is designated as a water reservoir. A delivery pump 7 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing 1. A first connecting pipe 8 extending into the water storage chamber is fixedly installed at the inlet end of the delivery pump 7, and a second connecting pipe 9 is fixedly installed at the outlet end of the delivery pump 7. The second connecting pipe 9 delivers water into the reservoir. A drain pipe 10 is fixedly installed on the side of the partition 6 near the bottom, and a valve, preferably a solenoid valve, is provided on the drain pipe 10 for easy automated control.

[0036] During internal pressure testing, the water level must be lowered below the electrolyte inlet of the battery cell to prevent water from entering the cell and affecting the test. Opening the valve on drain pipe 10 allows some water from the storage chamber to flow into the reservoir, lowering the water level. After the battery cell is positioned inside the housing 1, the delivery pump 7 operates to pump water from the storage chamber into the reservoir via the first connecting pipe 8 and the second connecting pipe 9, ensuring the water level is higher than the battery cell for subsequent observation of air bubbles.

[0037] In some specific implementation plans, such as Figure 1As shown, a cover 11 is hinged to the top of the housing 1. The cover 11 is supported by a hydraulic support rod and a latch is provided at the opening and closing point to lock the cover 11 during testing. A transparent plate 12 is embedded inside the cover 11. The transparent plate 12 is preferably high-strength tempered glass. The transparent plate 12 facilitates observation of whether the internal battery cells are cracked, have bubbles, or are deformed.

[0038] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of this solution by those skilled in the art, the working principle of this solution will now be briefly explained in conjunction with specific application scenarios: The battery cell is placed between clamping plates 23. The spacing of the clamping plates 23 can be adjusted by rotating the first screw 22 to accommodate battery cells of different sizes. The clamping plates 23 move to hold and fix the battery cell, ensuring its stability during testing. After the battery cell is clamped and fixed between the clamping plates 23, the connecting plate 32 is flipped to a horizontal position. The connecting plate 32 is moved, and the movable plate 31 slides inside the second mounting plate 24, so that the positioning groove 38 and the positioning plate 37 are engaged and connected, thereby realizing the positioning of the connecting plate 32. Then, the second screw 35 is rotated to move the pressure plate 36 down and press the battery cell explosion-proof valve.

[0039] During external pressure testing, the water level inside the storage chamber is maintained higher than that of the battery cell. Cylinder 51 pushes push plate 52, which applies a mechanical load to simulate transportation or collision conditions and potential external pressure. Push plate 52 transmits the pressure from cylinder 51. When the battery cell ruptures under certain pressure, bubbles in the water are observed through transparent plate 12 to determine if leakage, expansion, or other abnormalities have occurred. The second pressure sensor 53 measures the external pressure applied to the battery cell and collects data.

[0040] During internal pressure testing, the valve on drain pipe 10 is opened, allowing some water from the storage chamber to flow into the reservoir, lowering the water level. After the battery cell is positioned inside the housing 1, the delivery pump 7 pumps water from the storage chamber into the reservoir via the first connecting pipe 8 and the second connecting pipe 9, raising the water level above the battery cell. The pressure relief locking assembly 3 tightens the battery cell's explosion-proof valve, and rotating the third screw 42 moves the connecting frame 43 and the seal 44 downwards. The air inlet pipe 45 engages with the liquid injection port, and the seal 44 forms a sealed connection with the battery cell's liquid injection port, ensuring the battery cell's internal sealing. The air inlet pipe 45, booster pump 49, delivery pipe 411, air supply pipe 47, first hose 46, and second hose 48 constitute a gas delivery passage. The booster pump 49 pressurizes the inside of the battery cell by filling it with air. The bubbles in the water are observed to determine whether the battery cell has leaked or expanded abnormally. The first pressure sensor 410 monitors the pressure in the pipeline in real time and records the internal pressure data. The integrated control system of the testing equipment monitors the testing process.

[0041] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely a few specific examples of the present invention. However, the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any variations that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cell pressure detection equipment for energy storage battery module production, comprising a box (1), characterized in that, The box (1) is filled with water, and the box (1) is internally provided with a positioning assembly (2) for fixing the battery to be detected, and the positioning assembly (2) is provided with a pressure relief locking assembly (3) at the top, which is used to maintain the forced closed state of the explosion-proof valve on the battery during the test. One side of the positioning assembly (2) is provided with an external pressure applying assembly (5) for applying pressure to the outside of the battery, and the pressure relief locking assembly (3) is provided with an internal pressure applying assembly (4) for applying gas pressure to the inside of the battery through the liquid injection port on the battery.

2. The cell pressure detection equipment for energy storage battery module production of claim 1, wherein, The positioning assembly (2) comprises a first mounting plate (21) fixed to the bottom wall of the box (1), a second mounting plate (24) fixed to the bottom wall of the box (1), two first screws (22) and two clamping plates (23), the two first screws (22) are respectively screwed on the first mounting plate (21) and the second mounting plate (24), and the two clamping plates (23) are respectively rotatably connected to one end of the corresponding first screw (22).

3. The cell pressure detection device for energy storage battery module production of claim 2, wherein, The pressure relief locking assembly (3) comprises a connecting plate (32) arranged on the top of the clamping plate (23), a first sliding block (34) arranged on the connecting plate (32), a second screw (35) screwed on the first sliding block (34), and a pressure plate (36) rotatably connected to the bottom end of the second screw (35).

4. The cell pressure detection device for energy storage battery module production of claim 3, wherein, The pressure relief locking assembly (3) further comprises a movable plate (31) slidably connected to the second mounting plate (24), a plurality of positioning grooves (38) formed in the inside of the connecting plate (32), and a plurality of positioning plates (37) inserted into the corresponding positioning grooves (38), and the connecting plate (32) is hinged to the movable plate (31).

5. The cell pressure detection device for energy storage battery module production of claim 3, wherein, The pressure relief locking assembly (3) further comprises two limiting plates (33) symmetrically fixed to the top of the connecting plate (32), the limiting plates (33) are both L-shaped structures, and the first sliding block (34) is slidably connected between the two limiting plates (33).

6. The cell pressure detection device for energy storage battery module production of claim 5, wherein, The internal pressure applying assembly (4) comprises a second sliding block (41) slidably connected between the two limiting plates (33), a third screw (42) screwed on the second sliding block (41), a connecting frame (43) rotatably connected to the bottom end of the third screw (42), a sealing element (44) fixed to the bottom of the connecting frame (43), and an air inlet pipe (45) fixed to the connecting frame (43).

7. The cell pressure detection device for energy storage battery module production of claim 6, wherein, The internal pressure applying assembly (4) further comprises a booster pump (49) fixed to the box (1), a delivery pipe (411) fixed to the side wall of the box (1), a gas delivery pipe (47) fixed to the pressure relief locking assembly (3), a first hose (46) connected between the gas delivery pipe (47) and the air inlet pipe (45), a second hose (48) connected between the gas delivery pipe (47) and the delivery pipe (411), and a first pressure sensor (410) fixed to the delivery pipe (411), and the delivery pipe (411) is connected to the booster pump (49).

8. The cell pressure detection device for energy storage battery module production of claim 2, wherein, The external pressure pressing assembly (5) comprises a cylinder (51) fixed on the inner wall of the box (1), a push plate (52) arranged between the clamping plates (23), and a second pressure sensor (53) fixed between one of the clamping plates (23) and the push plate (52), and a driving shaft of the cylinder (51) is fixedly connected with the adjacent clamping plate (23).

9. The cell pressure detection device for energy storage battery module production of claim 1, wherein, A partition plate (6) is fixedly arranged in the box (1), one side of the partition plate (6) opposite to the positioning assembly (2) is provided with a water storage cavity, a delivery pump (7) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the box (1), a first connecting pipe (8) extending into the water storage cavity is fixedly arranged at the inlet end of the delivery pump (7), a second connecting pipe (9) is fixedly arranged at the outlet end of the delivery pump (7), and a drain pipe (10) is fixedly arranged on the side of the partition plate (6) close to the bottom, and a valve is arranged on the drain pipe (10).

10. The cell pressure detection device for energy storage battery module production of claim 8, wherein, A box cover (11) is hingedly connected to the top of the box (1), and a transparent plate (12) is embedded in the box cover (11).

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