Pressure-adjustable multichannel water electrolysis testing device

Abstract

The invention provides a pressure-adjustable multi-channel water electrolysis testing device, and relates to the technical field of water electrolysis testing devices.The pressure-adjustable multi-channel water electrolysis testing device comprises a testing equipment main body, an electrolytic tank is arranged in the testing equipment main body, two transparent containers are connected to the electrolytic tank through pipelines, and the two transparent containers are used for collecting hydrogen and oxygen respectively; each transparent container is provided with a pressure gauge used for measuring pressure, the two transparent containers are each internally provided with a flow guiding mechanism used for guiding flow of hydrogen or oxygen bubbles, and the flow guiding mechanisms comprising the spiral flow guiding plates and the flow limiting plates are arranged in the transparent containers, so that gas is forced to rise along a spiral path to form a stable swirling flow field; large bubbles which are easy to gather are preliminarily broken by utilizing a rotational flow shearing effect, meanwhile, disordered bubble gathering caused by airflow turbulence is avoided, and the retention volume of the large bubbles under the liquid level is effectively reduced, so that the false increase error caused by bubble retention in gas production volume metering is reduced, and the authenticity and the accuracy of gas production volume reading are remarkably improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of water electrolysis test devices, and more particularly relates to a multi-channel water electrolysis test device with adjustable pressure control. BACKGROUND

[0002] A water electrolysis test device is an important test equipment for evaluating the performance of a membrane electrode. The test device is generally divided into a single-channel test device and a multi-channel test device. The single-channel test device is mainly used for performance evaluation of a membrane electrode and key materials. The multi-channel test device is mainly used for durability evaluation of a membrane electrode. The multi-channel test device is generally developed to integrate multiple single channels into one to meet the simultaneous test requirements of multiple electrolytic cells, thereby improving test efficiency.

[0003] At present, the water electrolysis test device has at least the following technical problems:

[0004] 1. In the process of gas collection and metering, the existing water electrolysis test device lacks effective bubble flow guide and breaking structure. The generated hydrogen and oxygen bubbles are prone to rise disorderly and gather into large bubbles of several millimeters in the collection container, especially in the high-pressure test scenario. The large bubbles are prone to be retained under the electrolyte liquid surface, resulting in virtual increase deviation of the gas volume metering, and the real gas production efficiency cannot be accurately reflected.

[0005] 2. The contact area between the large bubbles and the electrolyte is limited, and the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency is low, which is difficult to meet the test requirements of the influence of gas dissolution (such as dissolved oxygen participating in the side reaction) on the electrolysis process.

[0006] 3. The temperature and pressure control system of the current most water electrolysis test devices has the problem of insufficient coordination: the temperature control mainly depends on external temperature control equipment, which not only has high energy consumption, but also is difficult to realize real-time dynamic balance of the electrolyte temperature. Temperature fluctuation is easy to cause the change of electrolyte viscosity, destroy the stability of the spiral flow field of gas flow, and further affect the gas-liquid separation effect. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a multi-channel water electrolysis test device with adjustable pressure control to solve the problem that the existing water electrolysis test device lacks effective bubble flow guide and breaking structure in the process of gas collection and metering. The generated hydrogen and oxygen bubbles are prone to rise disorderly and gather into large bubbles of several millimeters in the collection container, especially in the high-pressure test scenario. The large bubbles are prone to be retained under the electrolyte liquid surface, resulting in virtual increase deviation of the gas volume metering, and the real gas production efficiency cannot be accurately reflected.

[0008] A pressure-controllable multi-channel water electrolysis testing device, comprising a testing device main body, an electrolytic cell is arranged in the testing device main body, two transparent containers are connected to the electrolytic cell through pipelines, the two transparent containers are used for collecting hydrogen and oxygen respectively, a pressure gauge for measuring pressure is arranged on the transparent container, a flow guide mechanism for guiding hydrogen or oxygen bubbles is arranged in the transparent container, a temperature control mechanism for adjusting the temperature of electrolyte is arranged in the flow guide mechanism, and a breaking mechanism for cutting hydrogen or oxygen bubbles is arranged in the flow guide mechanism.

[0009] Preferably, an upper top cover is fixedly installed on the transparent container, a lower base is fixedly installed at the lower end of the transparent container, a gas outlet pipeline for gas outlet is arranged on the upper top cover, a gas inlet pipeline for gas inlet is arranged at the lower end of the lower base, a pressure extension rod is fixedly installed at the lower end of the pressure gauge, and the pressure extension rod is extended and installed in the transparent container.

[0010] Preferably, the flow guide mechanism comprises a spiral flow guide plate, the spiral flow guide plate is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the transparent container, the upper end and the lower end of the spiral flow guide plate are a certain distance away from the upper end and the lower end of the transparent container, the shape of the spiral flow guide plate is spiral, and the spiral flow guide plate is fixedly installed with a flow limiting plate.

[0011] Preferably, the temperature control mechanism comprises phase change energy storage microcapsules, the phase change energy storage microcapsules are fixedly installed in the interlayer of the spiral flow guide plate at equal intervals, a capsule wall is arranged in the phase change energy storage microcapsules, and a capsule core (paraffin) is arranged in the capsule wall.

[0012] Preferably, the breaking mechanism comprises a first triangular rod and a second triangular rod, the first triangular rod and the second triangular rod are fixedly installed on the two sides of the spiral flow guide plate respectively, the cross-sectional shape of the first triangular rod and the second triangular rod is triangular, and dense micropores are formed in the surface of the spiral flow guide plate.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] In the present application, the flow guide mechanism comprising the spiral flow guide plate and the flow limiting plate is arranged in the transparent container, so that the gas is forced to rise along the spiral path to form a stable rotational flow field, the large bubbles prone to aggregation are preliminarily broken by the rotational flow shear effect, the disorderly aggregation of bubbles caused by turbulent airflow is avoided, the residence volume of large bubbles under the liquid surface is effectively reduced, the virtual increase error caused by the residence of bubbles in the volume measurement of the generated gas is reduced, and the authenticity and accuracy of the volume reading of the generated gas are significantly improved.

[0015] In the application, by setting the first triangular rod and the second triangular rod with triangular cross section and opposite sharp corners on both sides of the spiral flow guide plate, and matching the dense micropores on the surface of the spiral flow guide plate, the bubbles are broken from several millimeters to several hundred microns by the sharp corner shear effect, and then further dispersed into micro-bubbles through the dense micropores (pore diameter 10-100 μm), which not only greatly improves the contact area of the bubbles and the electrolyte and improves the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency (facilitating the study of the influence of gas dissolution on electrolysis), but also completely eliminates the bubble retention problem, further improving the measurement accuracy of the gas production.

[0016] In the application, by rotating the phase change energy storage microcapsules containing capsule walls and paraffin capsule cores at equal intervals in the interlayer of the spiral flow guide plate, the phase change characteristics of paraffin melting endothermic and solidification exothermic are utilized to automatically maintain the stability of the electrolyte temperature without relying on an external temperature control system, which not only reduces the energy consumption of the external temperature control system, but also stabilizes the electrolyte viscosity, ensures the uniformity of the rotational flow field, and guarantees the consistency and stability of the gas-liquid separation effect.

[0017] In the application, by configuring the pressure extension rod and the pressure gauge on the transparent container, the gas pressure in the container can be accurately collected in real time (avoiding the pressure measurement error caused by pipeline pressure loss), and the pressure dynamic adjustment can be realized through the gas pipeline on the top cover, the gas is released to reduce the pressure when the pressure exceeds the set value (such as 0.3 MPa), and the electrolysis cell current is adjusted or part of the exhaust passage is closed to increase the pressure when the pressure is lower than the set value, so that the pressure can be maintained in the target interval of 0.1-0.5 MPa, which adapts to the water electrolysis test requirements under different pressure conditions, and the hydrogen and oxygen channels are independently controlled to ensure the reliability of multi-channel testing.

[0018] In the application, by setting two independent transparent containers to collect hydrogen and oxygen respectively (to avoid gas mixing interference), and combining the synergistic effect of the flow guide mechanism, the crushing mechanism, the temperature control mechanism and the pressure regulation component, the electrolysis gas production, directional flow guide, bubble refinement, temperature and pressure regulation, and accurate measurement process are orderly connected, which not only realizes multi-channel synchronous testing, but also improves the systematicness and standardization of the water electrolysis test process, ensures the accuracy of the test data, and is suitable for comprehensive evaluation and optimization of the performance of the water electrolysis device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the application;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the transparent container structure of the application;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the lower base structure of the application;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the spiral flow guide structure of the application;

[0023] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the first triangular rod structure of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the flow limiting plate structure of the present application;

[0025] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the phase change energy storage microcapsule structure of the present application;

[0026] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the A structure of the present application Figure 3 enlarged.

[0027] In the figure, the correspondence between the component names and the figure numbers is as follows: 1, spiral flow guide plate; 2, dense micropore; 3, phase change energy storage microcapsule; 4, flow limiting plate; 5, first triangular rod; 6, second triangular rod; 7, capsule wall; 8, capsule core (paraffin); 9, transparent container; 10, lower base; 11, upper top cover; 12, pressure gauge; 13, pressure extension rod; 14, air inlet pipeline; 15, air outlet pipeline; 16, test equipment main body; 17, electrolytic cell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application, but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 8 The present application provides a pressure-controllable multi-channel water electrolysis test device, which comprises a test equipment main body 16, wherein the test equipment main body 16 is provided with an electrolytic cell 17, and two transparent containers 9 are connected to the electrolytic cell 17 through pipelines, and the two transparent containers 9 are respectively used for collecting hydrogen and oxygen, and the transparent containers 9 are provided with pressure gauges 12 for pressure measurement.

[0030] The transparent containers 9 are provided with flow guide mechanisms for guiding hydrogen or oxygen bubbles, the flow guide mechanisms are provided with temperature control mechanisms for temperature adjustment of electrolyte, and the flow guide mechanisms are provided with breaking mechanisms for cutting hydrogen or oxygen bubbles.

[0031] The transparent containers 9 are fixedly installed with upper top covers 11, and the lower ends of the transparent containers 9 are fixedly installed with lower bases 10, the upper top covers 11 are provided with air outlet pipelines 15 for air outlet, the lower ends of the lower bases 10 are provided with air inlet pipelines 14 for air inlet, the lower ends of the pressure gauges 12 are fixedly installed with pressure extension rods 13, and the pressure extension rods 13 are extendedly installed in the interiors of the transparent containers 9 for measuring the pressures in the interiors.

[0032] As Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the flow guide mechanism includes a spiral flow guide plate 1, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the transparent container 9, and the upper and lower ends thereof are a certain distance from the upper and lower ends of the transparent container 9. The shape of the spiral flow guide plate 1 is spiral, and if the bubbles generated in the transparent container 9 directly rise, they are easy to gather into large bubbles. Especially under high pressure, large bubbles will stay under the liquid surface, which will virtually increase the gas volume and cause metering deviation. At this time, the spiral flow guide plate 1 breaks the large bubbles into small bubbles through the rotational flow shear effect, which is similar to the tearing effect of spiral shear flow on the bubbles, making the bubbles more likely to escape from the electrolyte, reducing the metering error caused by the bubbles that do not escape, and making the gas volume reading closer to the true value. The spiral flow guide plate 1 is fixedly installed with a flow limiting plate 4, which closes one side end of the spiral flow guide plate 1, so that the bubbles can rise up from the other end.

[0033] As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 The temperature control mechanism includes phase change energy storage microcapsules 3, which are fixedly installed in the interlayer of the spiral flow guide plate 1 at equal intervals. The phase change energy storage microcapsules 3 are provided with a capsule wall 7, and the capsule wall 7 is provided with a capsule core (paraffin) 8. The phase change energy storage microcapsules 3 are made of phase change energy storage material. When the electrolysis is heated, the capsule core (paraffin) 8 inside melts and absorbs heat, and when the temperature decreases, the capsule core (paraffin) 8 solidifies and releases heat, maintaining the stability of the electrolyte temperature, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the external temperature control system, stabilizing the viscosity of the electrolyte, and making the rotational flow field more uniform and the gas-liquid separation effect more stable.

[0034] As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The breaking mechanism includes a first triangular rod 5 and a second triangular rod 6, which are fixedly installed on the two sides of the spiral flow guide plate 1, respectively. The cross-sectional shape of the first triangular rod 5 and the second triangular rod 6 is triangular, and the sharp corners of the first triangular rod 5 and the second triangular rod 6 face opposite directions. When the bubbles rise through the spiral flow guide plate 1, the sharp edges of the sharp corners will produce a shear force on the bubbles through the shear effect of the sharp edges of the first triangular rod 5 and the second triangular rod 6, breaking the large bubbles into small bubbles. The bubble particle size can be reduced from several millimeters to several hundred microns, further reducing the retention volume of bubbles under the liquid surface, improving the measurement accuracy of the gas production, and at the same time, small bubbles can prolong the residence time in the electrolyte. If it is necessary to study the influence of gas dissolution on electrolysis, such as the participation of dissolved oxygen in the side reaction, the mass transfer effect can be enhanced.

[0035] The surface of the spiral guide plate 1 is perforated with dense micropores 2. The pores 2 have a very small diameter, which can further disperse the gas into microbubbles and improve the mass transfer efficiency. When the gas passes through the micropores, it is initially dispersed into microbubbles, and then further refined by the swirling shear of the spiral plate. The bubble particle size can be controlled between 10 and 100 μm, and the gas solubility is increased by 30% to 50%. At the same time, the contact area between the microbubbles and the electrolyte is increased, and the mass transfer rate is accelerated.

[0036] Within this device:

[0037] Test equipment body 16: The overall load-bearing frame of the device is the foundation for the installation of all core components. It provides a stable installation and support environment for the internal electrolytic cell 17, the external transparent container 9 and related pipelines, while protecting the internal components from external interference and ensuring the safety and stability of the testing process. It is the main skeleton of the entire device.

[0038] Electrolytic cell 17: Fixedly installed inside the main body 16 of the test equipment, it is connected to two transparent containers 9 through a special corrosion-resistant pipe. It is the core site where the water electrolysis reaction occurs. An aqueous solution containing electrolytes, such as KOH or NaOH solution, needs to be added to it to improve the conductivity of the water. After the external power is turned on, an electrode reaction occurs inside, with hydrogen produced at the cathode and oxygen produced at the anode. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are transported to the corresponding transparent containers 9 through pipes, which are the gas sources of the device.

[0039] Transparent Container 9: There are two of them, connected to the electrolytic cell 17 through pipes. The lower base 10 is fixedly installed at the lower end, and the upper cover 11 is fixedly installed at the upper end. The internal components include a flow guiding mechanism, a temperature control mechanism, and a crushing mechanism, which independently collect hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrolytic cell 17 to avoid gas mixing and interference with the test. Because the material is transparent, the movement of internal bubbles and changes in electrolyte level can be directly observed, providing visualization conditions for gas production volume measurement by calculating the liquid level drop height. It is the core container for gas collection and measurement.

[0040] The lower base 10 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the transparent container 9 and serves as a transition component connecting the transparent container 9 to the external pipe. On the one hand, it provides lower support for the transparent container 9 to ensure that the container is upright and stable; on the other hand, its lower end is provided with an air inlet pipe 14, which can smoothly introduce the gas delivered from the electrolytic cell 17 into the interior of the transparent container 9 through the air inlet pipe 14, avoiding airflow turbulence caused by the gas directly impacting the electrolyte.

[0041] Top cover 11: Fixedly installed on the upper end of the transparent container 9, forming a sealed space with the transparent container 9 to ensure pressure regulation effect. On the one hand, the sealing structure maintains the pressure environment inside the transparent container 9 to prevent gas leakage. On the other hand, its upper end is equipped with an exhaust pipe 15, which can realize two functions: one is to release some gas to reduce pressure when the pressure exceeds the set value, and the other is to export the collected hydrogen and oxygen to gas chromatography and other detection equipment for subsequent analysis. It is the key interface for gas export and pressure regulation.

[0042] Pressure gauge 12: Installed on the outer wall of the transparent container 9, with its lower end connected to the inside of the transparent container 9 via a pressure extension rod 13, it collects gas pressure data inside the transparent container 9 in real time, providing a basis for pressure regulation. Since hydrogen and oxygen are stored in two separate transparent containers 9, multi-channel independent pressure measurement can be achieved, ensuring that the pressure monitoring of the two gases does not interfere with each other and accurately reflects the pressure status of each channel.

[0043] Pressure extension rod 13: The upper end is fixedly connected to the pressure gauge 12, and the lower end extends into the interior of the transparent container 9 instead of just being connected to the pipe. This avoids pressure loss caused by gas flowing in the pipe, which would lead to pressure measurement errors. It directly collects the real pressure signal inside the transparent container 9 and accurately transmits the pressure data to the pressure gauge 12. It is a signal transmission bridge that ensures the accuracy of pressure monitoring.

[0044] Inlet pipe 14: One end is connected to the gas outlet pipe of the electrolytic cell 17, and the other end passes through the lower base 10 and extends to the bottom of the transparent container 9. It serves as a gas transport channel between the electrolytic cell 17 and the transparent container 9. Because it is made of corrosion-resistant material to avoid corrosion by electrolyte solution or gas, it can stably and leak-free transport hydrogen and oxygen generated by electrolysis to the transparent container 9, ensuring the independence of multi-channel gas transport.

[0045] Gas outlet pipe 15: One end passes through the top cover 11 and connects to the inside of the transparent container 9, and the other end can be connected to a valve for pressure regulation or detection equipment for gas analysis. It has dual functions of pressure regulation and gas export. When the pressure gauge 12 shows that the pressure inside the transparent container 9 exceeds the set value, such as 0.3MPa, the pipe valve is opened to release some gas and reduce the pressure. After the test, the collected high-purity hydrogen and oxygen can be exported to the detection equipment to analyze indicators such as gas purity. It is the connecting channel between pressure regulation and subsequent detection.

[0046] Spiral guide plate 1: Fixedly installed on the inner wall of transparent container 9, with its upper and lower ends maintaining a certain distance from the upper and lower ends of transparent container 9 to avoid blocking the gas inlet and outlet. Flow limiting plate 4 is installed on the surface, and first triangular rod 5 and second triangular rod 6 are installed on both sides. Phase change energy storage microcapsules 3 are installed in the interlayer, and dense micropores 2 penetrate the surface. It is the core component of the flow guiding mechanism. Through the spiral structure, it forces the gas to rise along the spiral path to form a stable swirling flow field. The radial shear force generated by the swirling flow can initially break up the rising large bubbles of several millimeters into small bubbles of 1-2 mm, reducing the retention volume of large bubbles under the liquid surface to avoid false metering. At the same time, it provides an installation carrier for the temperature control mechanism and the breaking mechanism. It is the core of gas flow guiding and initial bubble treatment.

[0047] Dense micropores 2: Uniformly perforated on the surface of the spiral guide plate 1, with a pore size controlled between 10-100μm. As an auxiliary component of the crushing mechanism, when 200-500μm fine bubbles sheared by the triangular bar pass through the spiral guide plate 1, the throttling and dispersing effect of the micropores will further refine the fine bubbles into microbubbles. The contact area between the microbubbles and the electrolyte can be increased by 30% to 50%, which not only completely eliminates the problem of bubble retention and improves the metering accuracy, but also enhances the gas-liquid mass transfer efficiency, making it convenient to study the effect of gas dissolution on electrolysis.

[0048] Phase change energy storage microcapsule 3: It is fixedly installed in the interlayer of the spiral guide plate 1 in a rotating and equidistant manner. The interior is composed of capsule wall 7 and capsule core (paraffin) 8, which is the core component of the temperature control mechanism. It uses the phase change energy storage principle to maintain the stability of electrolyte temperature. When the electrolysis reaction releases heat and causes the electrolyte temperature to rise, the internal capsule core (paraffin) 8 melts and absorbs heat to absorb excess heat. When the electrolysis power decreases or the ambient temperature drops, the paraffin solidifies and releases heat to release the stored heat. It does not rely on external temperature control equipment and can control the electrolyte temperature fluctuation within ±2℃, while reducing energy consumption and stabilizing the electrolyte viscosity to ensure the uniformity of the swirling field.

[0049] Flow restrictor 4: Fixedly installed on one side of the spiral guide plate 1, sealing off this side. As an auxiliary component of the flow guiding mechanism, by sealing off the single-sided channel of the spiral guide plate 1, the gas entering from the intake pipe 14 is forced to rise only along the spiral path of the spiral guide plate 1, avoiding airflow turbulence caused by disordered gas diffusion, ensuring the stable formation of the swirling flow field, and providing an orderly environment for subsequent bubble breakage and mass transfer.

[0050] The first triangular rod 5 is symmetrically installed on both sides of the spiral guide plate 1 with the second triangular rod 6. Its cross-sectional shape is triangular, and the sharp corner faces opposite to that of the second triangular rod 6. It is one of the core components of the crushing mechanism. It uses the sharp corner shearing effect to apply directional shearing force to the bubbles rising along the spiral path. When the 1-2 mm small bubbles after initial crushing pass through the sharp corner of the triangular rod, the sharp edge will further shear them into fine bubbles of 200-500 μm, which greatly reduces the buoyancy resistance of the bubbles in the electrolyte, reduces the volume of the bubbles remaining below the liquid surface, and improves the metering accuracy.

[0051] The second triangular rod 6 is fixedly installed on the other side of the spiral guide plate 1. It has the same triangular cross-sectional shape as the first triangular rod 5, but the sharp corners face opposite directions. It works in conjunction with the first triangular rod 5 to apply shearing force to the rising bubbles from both sides of the spiral guide plate 1, covering the entire path of the rising bubbles and preventing the bubbles from bypassing the shearing area from one side. Through bidirectional shearing, it ensures that the bubbles are broken more uniformly and the fine bubble particle size is more consistent, further enhancing the bubble refinement effect. Together with the first triangular rod 5, it forms a bidirectional shearing system.

[0052] Capsule wall 7: The outer shell structure of the phase change energy storage microcapsule 3, which wraps around the outer side of the core (paraffin) 8 and serves as a protective carrier for the core (paraffin) 8. On the one hand, it prevents the paraffin from leaking during the melting and solidification process, ensuring the stability of the phase change energy storage function; on the other hand, it has good thermal conductivity, which can quickly transfer the temperature change of the electrolyte to the core (paraffin) 8, so that the phase change reaction is triggered in time and the real-time temperature control is guaranteed.

[0053] Core (paraffin) 8: Sealed inside the capsule wall 7, it is the core functional material of the phase change energy storage microcapsule 3. Paraffin suitable for the conventional operating temperature range of water electrolysis is selected. It achieves temperature regulation through the phase change characteristics of melting heat absorption and solidification heat release. It has a large latent heat of phase change and a stable phase change temperature, which can efficiently absorb or release heat. It is the key to achieving temperature control without external energy consumption in the phase change energy storage microcapsule 3, and also the core medium for maintaining the stability of the electrolyte temperature.

[0054] Working principle:

[0055] The first step involves adding an aqueous solution containing electrolytes (such as KOH or NaOH solution; existing water electrolysis uses conventional electrolytes, which can improve the conductivity of water) to the electrolytic cell 17 inside the main body 16 of the testing equipment. After connecting the external power supply, an electrode reaction occurs in the electrolytic cell 17, and the generated hydrogen and oxygen are transported to two transparent containers 9 through dedicated corrosion-resistant pipes (to avoid gas mixing and reflect the characteristics of multi-channel independent testing). The gas enters the container through the air inlet pipe 14 of the lower base 10 at the lower end of the transparent container 9, completing the initial stage from gas generation to transportation.

[0056] In the second step, after the gas enters the transparent container 9, it is first guided by the flow-limiting plate 4 of the flow-guiding mechanism. The flow-limiting plate 4 closes one side of the spiral guide plate 1, forcing the gas to rise only along the spiral path of the spiral guide plate 1 (to avoid bubble aggregation caused by airflow turbulence). The spiral structure of the spiral guide plate 1 makes the airflow form a stable swirling field. The radial shear force generated by the swirling will act on the large bubbles that are easy to accumulate during the ascent. In conventional water electrolysis, large bubbles of several millimeters in size are easily formed. This process initially breaks them into small bubbles of 1 to 2 mm. This process can reduce the volume of large bubbles that remain below the liquid surface. The retention of large bubbles will lead to an overestimation of the gas production volume, which is a common source of error in existing testing devices. At the same time, it realizes the orderly guidance of the gas, laying the foundation for subsequent fine processing.

[0057] In the third step, the small bubbles, after initial shearing, continue to rise along the spiral path and enter the effective range of the crushing mechanism, where they are further refined through triangular bar shearing and micropore dispersion.

[0058] The first triangular rod 5 and the second triangular rod 6 on both sides of the spiral guide plate 1 (both have triangular cross sections with opposite pointed corners) generate directional shearing force on the rising bubbles with their sharp edges. By utilizing the existing sharp-angle shearing principle, the small bubbles of 1-2 mm are further broken into fine bubbles of 200-500 μm, which greatly reduces the buoyancy resistance of the bubbles in the electrolyte and reduces retention.

[0059] The fine bubbles then pass through the dense micropores 2 on the surface of the spiral guide plate 1. Combined with micropore dispersion technology, the pore size is controlled at 10-100μm. The throttling and dispersion effect of the micropores makes the fine bubbles eventually refined into microbubbles. The advantage of microbubbles is that the contact area with the electrolyte is increased by 30% to 50%, there is almost no liquid residue below the liquid surface, and the measurement error is completely eliminated.

[0060] In the fourth step, the electrolysis reaction will continuously release heat (an inherent characteristic of existing water electrolysis). If the temperature fluctuates, it will cause changes in the viscosity of the electrolyte, which will disrupt the stability of the swirling field and thus affect the gas-liquid separation effect. At this time, the phase change energy storage microcapsules 3 of the temperature control mechanism (installed in the interlayer of the spiral guide plate 1 and distributed at equal intervals in rotation) will play a role.

[0061] The core (paraffin) 8 encapsulated by the microcapsule wall 7 is a commonly used phase change material (with a stable phase change temperature, suitable for the conventional working temperature range of water electrolysis). When the electrolyte temperature rises, the paraffin melts and absorbs heat, thus absorbing excess heat.

[0062] When the electrolysis power decreases or the ambient temperature drops, the paraffin solidifies and releases heat, thus releasing the stored heat.

[0063] This process does not rely on an external temperature control system, reducing energy consumption by more than 30%, which is in line with energy-saving design. It continuously maintains a stable electrolyte temperature with fluctuations controlled within ±2℃, ensuring consistent swirling shearing and bubble refinement effects.

[0064] Fifth, the pressure controllability of the device is achieved through real-time monitoring and dynamic adjustment, which relies on pressure gauge 12 and pressure extension rod 13 (extending into the transparent container 9 to avoid pressure measurement errors caused by pipeline pressure loss).

[0065] Pressure gauge 12 collects the gas pressure inside transparent container 9 in real time (hydrogen and oxygen collection channels are monitored independently). In the existing technology, the water electrolysis pressure directly affects the gas production rate and gas solubility (e.g., gas solubility increases under high pressure, which can easily lead to the electrode active sites being covered). Therefore, accurate monitoring is required.

[0066] When gas accumulates inside the container and the pressure exceeds the set value (e.g., 0.3 MPa), open the gas outlet valve 15 of the top cover 11 to release some gas and reduce the pressure. If the pressure is lower than the set value, the pressure can be maintained in the target range (e.g., 0.1-0.5 MPa, to meet the water electrolysis test requirements under different pressure conditions) by finely adjusting the current of the electrolysis cell 17 (to increase the gas production rate) or closing part of the exhaust channel.

[0067] Step 6: After the above treatment, the microbubbles completely escape from the electrolyte and accumulate on the upper part of the transparent container 9. Utilizing the visualization characteristics of the transparent container 9 (combined with existing liquid level measurement technology), the volume of hydrogen and oxygen produced can be accurately read by observing the change in the electrolyte level (gas volume = container cross-sectional area × liquid level drop height) (the measurement error can be controlled within ±1%). Finally, hydrogen and oxygen that meet the pressure and purity requirements are discharged through their respective outlet pipes 15, which can be connected to gas chromatography and other detection equipment for subsequent analysis, completing one multi-channel water electrolysis test cycle.

[0068] The embodiments of the present invention are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical application of the invention, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand the invention and to design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A pressure-adjustable multi-channel water electrolysis testing device, comprising a testing device main body (16), an electrolytic cell (17) is arranged in the testing device main body (16), two transparent containers (9) are connected to the electrolytic cell (17) through pipelines, the two transparent containers (9) are used for collecting hydrogen and oxygen respectively, and a pressure gauge (12) for pressure measurement is arranged on the transparent containers (9). characterized in that Flow guiding mechanisms for guiding hydrogen or oxygen bubbles are arranged in the two transparent containers (9), temperature control mechanisms for temperature adjustment of electrolyte are arranged in the flow guiding mechanisms, and breaking mechanisms for cutting hydrogen or oxygen bubbles are arranged in the flow guiding mechanisms.

2. The pressure-regulated multi-channel water electrolysis test device of claim 1, wherein, An upper top cover (11) is fixedly installed on the transparent containers (9), and a lower base (10) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the transparent containers (9).

3. The pressure-regulated multi-channel water electrolysis test device of claim 2, wherein, An air outlet pipeline (15) for air outlet is arranged on the upper top cover (11), and an air inlet pipeline (14) for air inlet is arranged at the lower end of the lower base (10).

4. The pressure-regulated multi-channel water electrolysis test device of claim 3, wherein, A pressure extension rod (13) is fixedly installed at the lower end of the pressure gauge (12), and the pressure extension rod (13) is extendedly installed in the transparent containers (9).

5. The pressure-regulated multi-channel water electrolysis test device of claim 4, wherein, The flow guiding mechanism comprises a spiral flow guiding plate (1), the spiral flow guiding plate (1) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the transparent containers (9), and the upper end and the lower end of the spiral flow guiding plate (1) are a certain distance away from the upper end and the lower end of the transparent containers (9).

6. The pressure-regulated multi-channel water electrolysis test device of claim 5, wherein, The spiral flow guiding plate (1) is in a spiral shape, and the spiral flow guiding plate (1) is fixedly installed with a flow limiting plate (4).

7. The pressure-regulated multi-channel water electrolysis test device of claim 6, wherein, The temperature control mechanism comprises phase change energy storage microcapsules (3), the phase change energy storage microcapsules (3) are fixedly installed in the interlayer of the spiral flow guiding plate (1) at equal intervals.

8. The pressure-regulated multi-channel water electrolysis test device of claim 7, wherein, The phase change energy storage microcapsules (3) are provided with capsule walls (7), and the capsule walls (7) are provided with capsule cores (paraffin) (8).

9. The pressure-regulated multi-channel water electrolysis test device of claim 8, wherein, The breaking mechanism comprises a first triangular lever (5) and a second triangular lever (6), the first triangular lever (5) and the second triangular lever (6) are fixedly installed on the two sides of the spiral flow guiding plate (1) respectively, and the cross-sectional shape of the first triangular lever (5) and the second triangular lever (6) is a triangle.

10. The pressure-regulated multi-channel water electrolysis test device of claim 9, wherein, The surface of the spiral flow guiding plate (1) is provided with dense micro-holes (2).

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