Power beam splitter, light source pool and optical communication system
By employing a design combining diffractive optical elements and microlens arrays in the optical communication system, the problems of high difficulty and poor reliability in coupling power beam splitters with optical fibers were solved, achieving efficient and reliable high-power beam distribution and reducing system costs.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-08-31
- Publication Date
- 2026-03-10
AI Technical Summary
In existing optical communication systems, the coupling between power beam splitters and optical fibers is difficult and prone to failure, especially under high-power operating conditions, resulting in poor reliability and impacting the long-term stability and cost of the system.
The design combines diffractive optical elements and microlens arrays. The diffractive optical elements are used for beam splitting, and the microlens array is used for collimation. Combined with components such as polarization beam splitters and analyzers, the coupling process of the beam is optimized, and the coupling efficiency and reliability are improved.
It reduces the difficulty of coupling the beam splitter to the optical fiber, improves coupling efficiency and reliability, is suitable for high-power beam splitting scenarios, reduces costs and improves the long-term reliability of the system.
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Figure CN121634402A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of optical communication devices, and in particular to a power beam splitter, a light source pool and an optical communication system. BACKGROUND
[0002] In some optical communication systems, a light source pool is used to provide laser beams for a large number of optical modules, so that the optical modules do not need to be provided with lasers individually, thereby reducing costs, and avoiding problems of optical module failure caused by laser failure, thereby greatly reducing the failure rate of the optical communication system.
[0003] The light source pool usually includes a high-power laser and a power beam splitter. The high-power laser is used to generate a laser beam with high power. The laser beam is incident into the power beam splitter. The power beam splitter is used to split the laser beam with high power into a plurality of sub-beams with low power. The sub-beams are transmitted to the optical modules through optical fibers, thereby achieving the purpose of simultaneously supplying light to a plurality of optical modules.
[0004] In the related art, the power beam splitter in the light source pool is usually implemented by a planar lightwave circuit (PLC). However, the planar lightwave circuit has a problem of high coupling difficulty and easy failure when coupling with optical fibers (such as input optical fibers and output optical fibers). SUMMARY
[0005] Embodiments of the present application provide a power beam splitter, a light source pool and an optical communication system, which are used to improve the problem of high coupling difficulty and easy failure of a beam splitting element in a power beam splitter when coupling with optical fibers.
[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:
[0007] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a power beam splitter. The power beam splitter includes a beam splitting element, a microlens array and a first optical fiber array. The beam splitting element is used to split incident light into a plurality of sub-beams. The microlens array is disposed on an out-light side of the beam splitting element and includes a plurality of microlenses. The microlenses are used to collimate the sub-beams. The first optical fiber array is disposed on an out-light side of the microlens array and includes a plurality of first couplers and a plurality of first output optical fibers. The first couplers correspond one-to-one to the sub-beams emitted from the microlenses and are used to couple the sub-beams into the first output optical fibers.
[0008] In the power beam splitter provided in the embodiments of the present application, the sub-beams after being split by the beam splitting element are collimated by the microlenses in the microlens array, and the collimated sub-beams are irradiated into the first coupler; when the collimated sub-beams are coupled with the first output optical fibers in the first coupler, the coupling difficulty is greatly reduced, and a high coupling efficiency and coupling quality can be achieved, the coupling reliability is good, and the power beam splitter can work for a long time under high-power working conditions. In addition, the alignment of the beam splitting element, the microlens array and the first optical fiber array is relatively easy to implement, that is, it is relatively easy to implement that the sub-beams generated by the beam splitting element are collimated by the microlens array and the collimated sub-beams are irradiated into the first coupler. As can be seen, through the cooperation of the microlens array and the plurality of first couplers in the first optical fiber array, the coupling difficulty of the beam splitting element and the first output optical fiber can be reduced, a high coupling efficiency and coupling quality can be achieved, and good reliability can be achieved at the same time; and the power beam splitter can be applied to high-power beam splitting scenarios.
[0009] In some embodiments, the power beam splitter further comprises a polarization beam splitter, which is arranged on the light output side of the microlens array and is used to divide the sub-beams into first polarized beams and second polarized beams; the polarization directions of the first polarized beams and the second polarized beams are different.
[0010] The first optical fiber array is arranged on the light output side of the first polarized beams in the polarization beam splitter, and the first couplers in the first optical fiber array correspond one-to-one to the first polarized beams.
[0011] Due to factors such as microlens array processing errors, the polarization of the sub-beams will be deteriorated. By arranging the polarization beam splitter, the polarization deteriorated part of the sub-beams can be separated, so that the polarization extinction ratio of the sub-beams can be improved.
[0012] In some embodiments, the power beam splitter further comprises a second optical fiber array, which is arranged on the light output side of the second polarized beams in the polarization beam splitter; the second optical fiber array comprises a plurality of second couplers and a plurality of second output optical fibers; the second couplers correspond one-to-one to the second polarized beams and are used to couple the second polarized beams into the second output optical fibers.
[0013] In this way, on the one hand, the number of beam splitting of the power beam splitter can be doubled, so that the performance of the power beam splitter can be improved. On the other hand, the first optical fiber array and the second optical fiber array transmit linearly polarized light with perpendicular polarization directions, which can adapt to beam splitting scenarios with different requirements on polarization states.
[0014] In some embodiments, the power beam splitter further comprises a scattering sheet, the scattering sheet being arranged on the light exit side of the second polarized light beam in the polarization beam splitter. In this way, the second polarized light beam exiting from the polarization beam splitter can be absorbed by the scattering sheet, reducing the impact of this part of light on the power beam splitter.
[0015] In some embodiments, the power beam splitter further comprises an adjustable half-wave plate, the adjustable half-wave plate being arranged between the microlens array and the polarization beam splitter, and the optical axis angle of the adjustable half-wave plate being adjustable.
[0016] In the power beam splitter provided in the embodiments of the present application, through the cooperation of the adjustable half-wave plate and the polarization beam splitter, on the one hand, the polarization extinction ratio of the sub-beam can be further improved; on the other hand, by changing the direction of the optical axis of the adjustable half-wave plate, the proportion of the first polarized light beam and the second polarized light beam exiting from the polarization beam splitter can be changed.
[0017] In some embodiments, the power beam splitter further comprises an analyzer, the analyzer being arranged on the light exit side of the microlens array, and the first fiber array being arranged on the light exit side of the analyzer. By arranging the analyzer, the part of the sub-beam with polarization degradation can be blocked, so that the polarization extinction ratio of the sub-beam can be improved.
[0018] In some embodiments, the power beam splitter further comprises an adjustable half-wave plate, the adjustable half-wave plate being arranged between the microlens array and the analyzer, and the optical axis angle of the adjustable half-wave plate being adjustable.
[0019] In the power beam splitter provided in the embodiments of the present application, through the cooperation of the adjustable half-wave plate and the analyzer, on the one hand, the polarization extinction ratio can be further improved; on the other hand, by changing the direction of the optical axis of the adjustable half-wave plate, the size of the light exiting from the analyzer can be changed.
[0020] In some embodiments, the beam splitting element is a diffractive optical element, and the diffractive optical element is used for one-dimensional beam splitting or two-dimensional beam splitting. The use of the diffractive optical element for beam splitting has the advantage of flexible and diverse beam splitting parameters, which can meet different beam splitting requirements, such as one-dimensional beam splitting or two-dimensional beam splitting. Moreover, the use of the diffractive optical element for beam splitting has the advantage of being able to withstand high-power incident light, which can realize beam splitting of 10W or even hundreds of watts of incident light; thereby being applicable to high-power beam splitting scenarios.
[0021] In some embodiments, the diffractive optical element is used for equal-ratio beam splitting of the incident light. The use of the diffractive optical element for beam splitting has the advantage of good beam splitting consistency; by designing the diffractive optical element for equal-ratio beam splitting, the scene with requirements for beam splitting consistency can be met.
[0022] In some embodiments, the diffractive optical element is configured to split the incident light, and a full angle in a splitting direction is less than or equal to 120 degrees. In this way, a better splitting consistency can be achieved while ensuring the number of splitting.
[0023] In some embodiments, the microlens array and the diffractive optical element are an integrated structure fabricated on the same substrate, or are separate devices fabricated on different substrates.
[0024] When the microlens array and the diffractive optical element are integrated on the same substrate, the cost of manufacturing can be reduced and the long-term reliability can be improved. When the microlens array and the diffractive optical element are separate devices, high-precision alignment of the diffractive optical element and the microlens array can be achieved through precise adjustment. The power splitting device can select the specific form of the microlens array and the diffractive optical element according to the application scenario.
[0025] In some embodiments, the diffractive optical element and the microlens array are fabricated using the same material. In this way, the manufacturing cost of the diffractive optical element and the microlens array can be reduced, and the microlens array and the diffractive optical element can be fabricated as an integrated structure.
[0026] In some embodiments, the material of the diffractive optical element is glass, plastic or fused quartz; and / or, the material of the microlens array is glass, plastic or fused quartz. The diffractive optical element and the microlens array fabricated using the above-mentioned materials can withstand high-power incident light, for example, when fused quartz is selected, it can withstand hundreds of watts of incident light; thereby facilitating the power splitting device to achieve high-power light splitting.
[0027] In some embodiments, the distance between the splitting element and the microlens array is equal to the focal length of the microlens array, and the first coupler is arranged at the focal length of the microlens array. In this way, the first coupler can be placed at a position where the beam waist size of the sub-beam is smallest, thereby facilitating to improve the coupling efficiency of the sub-beam and the output fiber (e.g., the first output fiber).
[0028] In some embodiments, the power splitting device further includes an input fiber and a third coupler, the input fiber and the third coupler are arranged on the light input side of the diffractive optical element, the input fiber is used to transmit the incident light, and the third coupler is used to couple the incident light to the diffractive optical element. The power splitting device provided by the embodiments of the present application can adapt to different incident light incident modes, and has the advantages of good adaptability, flexible design, etc.
[0029] In the second aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a light source pool, which includes a laser and a power splitting device as described in the first aspect. The laser is configured to generate incident light, and the power splitting device is configured to receive the incident light and split the incident light.
[0030] In some embodiments, the output power of the laser is greater than 10 W.
[0031] In a third aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide an optical communication system, which comprises a plurality of communication devices and the light source pool as described in the second aspect of the application; wherein each of the communication devices is connected to at least one of the communication devices, and each of the communication devices is provided with at least one optical module; and the light source pool is used to supply light to the plurality of optical modules.
[0032] In a fourth aspect, the embodiments of the present application also provide a transmission method of an optical signal, which comprises:
[0033] obtaining incident light generated by a laser;
[0034] splitting the incident light into a plurality of sub-beams by a beam splitting element, and irradiating the plurality of sub-beams into a microlens array;
[0035] collimating and irradiating the plurality of sub-beams into a first fiber array by the microlens array; wherein the first fiber array comprises a plurality of first couplers and a plurality of first output fibers;
[0036] coupling the sub-beams into the first output fibers by the first couplers and outputting the sub-beams.
[0037] The technical effects of the light source pool, the optical communication system and the transmission method of the optical signal provided by the embodiments of the present application are the same as the technical effects of the power beam splitter in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0038] Figure 1 A network architecture diagram of a data center or a computing cluster provided by the related art;
[0039] Figure 2 A structural schematic diagram of a light source pool provided by the related art;
[0040] Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a power beam splitter provided by the related art;
[0041] Figure 4 A structural schematic diagram of a power beam splitter provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0042] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of one-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting of a diffractive optical element provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0043] Figure 6 A structural schematic diagram of another power beam splitter provided by the embodiments of the present application;
[0044] Figure 7A schematic diagram of another power beam splitter provided in the embodiments of this application;
[0045] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of a mid-polarization beam splitter;
[0046] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another power beam splitter provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0047] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another power beam splitter provided in an embodiment of this application;
[0048] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another power beam splitter provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation
[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, in an optical communication system 100 such as a data center or computing cluster, there are multiple servers 130 and multiple switches 120. Servers 130 and switches 120 are interconnected, and switches 120 are interconnected with each other via optical modules 110 and optical fibers. In this type of optical communication system 100, a large number of optical modules 110 are required. For example, a small to medium-sized computing cluster may require tens of thousands of optical modules 110.
[0050] However, using a larger number of optical modules 110 increases the likelihood of interconnection interruptions due to module failure, which can disrupt the normal operation of data centers or computing clusters. In most cases of optical module 110 failure, the cause is a malfunction in the laser within the module. Furthermore, using a larger number of optical modules 110 increases costs.
[0051] To address the above problems, a light source pool solution is provided in related technologies, such as... Figure 2 As shown, the light source pool 200 includes a laser 210 and a power beam splitter 1. The laser 210 is a high-power laser used to generate a high-power laser beam, which is incident on the power beam splitter 1. The power beam splitter 1 is used to split the high-power laser beam into multiple lower-power sub-beams, which are transmitted to the optical module 110 through optical fibers, thereby achieving the purpose of simultaneously supplying light to multiple optical modules 110.
[0052] By using the light source pool 200, the optical module 110 does not require a separate laser. In this case, on the one hand, the cost can be significantly reduced; on the other hand, the problem of optical module 110 failure due to laser failure can be avoided, improving the long-term reliability of optical module 110, thereby significantly reducing the failure rate of optical communication system 100.
[0053] In the related art, the power splitter 1 in the light source pool 200 usually uses a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) 102 to implement splitting. Figure 3 A structural schematic diagram of a power splitter 1 provided in the related art is shown in FIG. 1. Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 1, the power splitter 1 includes a planar lightwave circuit 102, an input optical fiber 101, and an output optical fiber 103; the planar lightwave circuit 102 includes an input end face and an output end face, the input optical fiber 101 is coupled with the input end face of the planar lightwave circuit 102, and is used to input a laser beam with large power into the planar lightwave circuit 102; and the output optical fiber 103 is coupled with the output end face of the planar lightwave circuit 102, and is used to transmit a sub-beam split by the planar lightwave circuit 102.
[0054] In the power splitter 1 provided in the related art, the coupling between the planar lightwave circuit 102 and the optical fiber (including the input optical fiber 101 and the output optical fiber 103) is the coupling between the end face of the waveguide and the optical fiber, and there is a problem of great difficulty in coupling. Especially in a scenario with a high requirement for polarization isolation, the input optical fiber 101 and the output optical fiber 103 need to use a polarization maintaining optical fiber, and the difficulty in aligning the coupling between the polarization maintaining optical fiber and the end face of the planar lightwave circuit 102 is further increased. In addition, the coupling end face between the planar lightwave circuit 102 and the optical fiber (including the input optical fiber 101 and the output optical fiber 103) is easy to be damaged, especially under a high-power working condition, thereby causing a high failure rate of the planar lightwave circuit 102 and affecting the long-term reliability of the power splitter 1.
[0055] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a power splitter to improve the above problems.
[0056] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments.
[0057] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms “first”, “second”, and the like are only used for description convenience, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first”, “second”, and the like can explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of “multiple” is two or more.
[0058] In the embodiments of the present application, "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are not limited to the relative positions of the components shown in the drawings, and it should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts, which are used for relative description and clarification, and can change accordingly according to the change of the position of the components shown in the drawings.
[0059] In the embodiments of the present application, unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" is to be construed as an open, inclusive meaning, i.e. "including, but not limited to". In the description of the specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "exemplarily" or "some examples" and the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material or characteristic included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. The exemplary representation of the above terms does not necessarily mean the same embodiment or example. In addition, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be included in any one or more embodiments or examples in any appropriate manner.
[0060] As used herein, "about", "approximately" or "around" includes the stated value and the average value within an acceptable range of deviation from the stated value, wherein the acceptable range of deviation is determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement being discussed and the error associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e. the limitations of the measurement system).
[0061] As used herein, "parallel", "perpendicular", "equal" includes the stated case and the approximate case of the stated case, the approximate case being within an acceptable range of deviation, wherein the acceptable range of deviation is determined by a person of ordinary skill in the art taking into account the measurement being discussed and the error associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e. the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "parallel" includes absolute parallel and approximate parallel, wherein the acceptable range of deviation of approximate parallel may, for example, be within 5°; "perpendicular" includes absolute perpendicular and approximate perpendicular, wherein the acceptable range of deviation of approximate perpendicular may, for example, also be within 5°. "Equal" includes absolute equality and approximate equality, wherein the acceptable range of deviation of approximate equality may, for example, be that the difference between the two equalities is less than or equal to 5% of either.
[0062] It should be understood that when a layer or element is referred to as being on another layer or substrate, it can be that the layer or element is directly on the other layer or substrate, or there can be an intermediate layer between the layer or element and the other layer or substrate.
[0063] Embodiments of the application describe example implementations with reference to cross-sectional and / or plan view and / or equivalent circuit diagrams as idealized exemplary diagrams. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity. Accordingly, variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and / or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, the examples should not be construed as limited to the precise shapes illustrated. For example, an etched region illustrated as a rectangle will typically have a curved shape. Accordingly, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the precise shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of the examples to a precise shape. Embodiments of the application provide a power splitter, as shown in
[0064] Embodiments of the application provide a power splitter, as shown in Figure 4 The power splitter 1 includes a diffractive optical element (DOE) 2, a microlens array 3, and a first fiber array 4. The diffractive optical element 2 is an optical device that adjusts a light beam using the principle of diffraction of light, and includes a micro-nano structure 21 formed on a substrate. The micro-nano structure 21 includes a plurality of diffraction units distributed in two dimensions, each having a specific geometric shape, refractive index, or phase delay, etc. The micro-nano structure 21 in the diffractive optical element 2 can finely regulate the wavefront phase distribution of incident light P0, and thus can realize functions such as beam shaping, beam splitting, structured light, and multi-focusing by designing the micro-nano structure 21.
[0065] In the power splitter 1 provided by embodiments of the application, the diffractive optical element 2 is used as a beam splitting element to split the incident light P0. Here, the incident light P0 can be a laser beam generated by an external laser, which can be directly incident on the diffractive optical element 2 at the light input side of the diffractive optical element 2. In some embodiments, the power splitter 1 further includes an input fiber and a third coupler, both of which are disposed at the light input side of the diffractive optical element 2. The input fiber is used to transmit the laser beam generated by the external laser, and the third coupler is connected to the input fiber and used to couple the laser beam in the input fiber into the diffractive optical element 2.
[0066] As shown in Figure 5 The diffractive optical element 2 can be used to realize one-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting, which refers to splitting the incident light P0 into N sub-beams P1 along one beam splitting direction, where N is greater than 2. The N sub-beams P1 after beam splitting are arranged in the same beam splitting plane. In a reference plane parallel to the diffractive optical element 2 and located at the light output side of the diffractive optical element 2, the illumination positions of the N sub-beams P1 can form a one-dimensional array arranged in a straight line. Moreover, the powers of the N sub-beams P1 are equal or substantially equal. One-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting can also be represented as 1*N beam splitting.
[0067] Please continue to refer to Figure 5 In one-dimensional equal proportion beam splitting, the included angle between two adjacent sub-beams P1 is referred to as a separation angle, denoted by θ Figure 5 s In the N sub-beams P1 after beam splitting, the included angle between the outermost two sub-beams P1 is referred to as a full angle, denoted by θ Figure 5 f .
[0068] By designing the micro-nano structure 21 in the diffractive optical element 2, the number of beam splitting (N), the separation angle (θ s ), the full angle (θ f ) and the power ratio between each sub-beam P1 can be adjusted, so that the N sub-beams P1 after beam splitting can be emitted from the diffractive optical element 2 with the same separation angle (θ s ), and the powers of the N sub-beams P1 are equal.
[0069] In some embodiments, when the diffractive optical element 2 is in one-dimensional equal proportion beam splitting, the full angle θ f of the diffractive optical element 2 in the beam splitting direction is not more than 120 degrees, for example, it can be 110 degrees, 100 degrees, 90 degrees, 80 degrees, 60 degrees, 45 degrees, 30 degrees and 20 degrees, etc. Because the full angle is too large, the power difference between different sub-beams P1 is large, so it is difficult to ensure the consistency of beam splitting. When the design with a full angle less than 120 degrees is adopted, better beam splitting consistency can be achieved while ensuring the number of beam splitting.
[0070] In some embodiments, when the diffractive optical element 2 is in one-dimensional equal proportion beam splitting, the number of beam splitting is greater than 2 and less than or equal to 20; in this way, better beam splitting consistency can be achieved.
[0071] In addition, when the number of beam splitting is odd, the zero-order diffracted light is in an activated state; when the number of beam splitting is even, the zero-order diffracted light is in an inhibited state. Because the power of the zero-order diffracted light is difficult to be consistent with the power of other orders of diffracted light, suppressing the zero-order diffracted light helps to improve the consistency of beam splitting.
[0072] The diffractive optical element 2 can also be used to realize two-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting, which refers to splitting the incident light P0 into M*N sub-beams P1 along two different beam splitting directions, where M and N are both greater than 2, and M and N can be equal or not equal. The M*N sub-beams P1 after beam splitting are arranged in different beam splitting planes. In a reference plane located on the light exit side of the diffractive optical element 2 and parallel to the diffractive optical element 2, the illumination positions of the M*N sub-beams P1 can form a two-dimensional array of M rows and N columns. Moreover, the powers of the M and N sub-beams P1 are equal or substantially equal. Two-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting can be represented as M*N beam splitting.
[0073] In two-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting, the beam splitting state can be described by the separation angle, the total angle, the number of beam splitting, and the power ratio between each sub-beam P1 in each beam splitting direction. The description of the separation angle and the total angle can refer to that of one-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting.
[0074] The beam splitting state of two-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting can be adjusted by designing the micro-nano structures 21 in the diffractive optical element 2, so that the M*N sub-beams P1 after beam splitting can exit the diffractive optical element 2 with the same separation angle in both beam splitting directions, and the powers of the M*N sub-beams P1 are equal.
[0075] In some embodiments, the total angle of the diffractive optical element 2 in any beam splitting direction is not more than 120 degrees, for example, it can be 110 degrees, 100 degrees, 90 degrees, 80 degrees, 60 degrees, 45 degrees, 30 degrees, and 20 degrees, etc., when the diffractive optical element 2 is used for two-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting. A large total angle leads to a large power difference between different sub-beams P1, thereby making it difficult to ensure the consistency of beam splitting. When a design with a total angle less than 120 degrees is adopted, better beam splitting consistency can be achieved while ensuring the number of beam splitting.
[0076] In some embodiments, the number of beam splitting in any beam splitting direction is greater than 2 and less than or equal to 20 when the diffractive optical element 2 is used for two-dimensional equal-proportion beam splitting. Such a design can achieve better beam splitting consistency.
[0077] In addition, when the number of beam splitting in one beam splitting direction is odd, the zero-order diffracted light is in an activated state; when the number of beam splitting in one beam splitting direction is even, the zero-order diffracted light is in an inhibited state. Since it is difficult to make the power of the zero-order diffracted light consistent with the power of other orders of diffracted light, inhibiting the zero-order diffracted light helps to improve the consistency of beam splitting.
[0078] In some embodiments, the diffractive optical element 2 can be used to achieve one-dimensional or two-dimensional beam splitting, and the power of each sub-beam P1 after beam splitting can be designed in an unequal form; for example, in each sub-beam after beam splitting, the power of each sub-beam gradually increases from the central position to the edge position, for another example, in each sub-beam after beam splitting, the power of the sub-beam located at the outer edge position is much greater than the power of the sub-beam located at other positions, and so on; in this way, the requirements of different application scenarios for beam splitting can be met.
[0079] The micro-nano structure 21 in the diffractive optical element 2 can be formed on the substrate by micro-nano processing technology, which can be etching, nano-imprinting, molding or laser direct writing, etc. The material of the substrate can be a glass substrate, a plastic substrate or a fused quartz substrate, etc. The diffractive optical element 2 is made of the above-mentioned substrate, and the material of the diffractive optical element 2 is the corresponding glass, plastic or fused quartz; in this way, the diffractive optical element 2 has a high damage threshold and can withstand a large power incident light P0 of more than 10W, achieving the purpose of high-power beam splitting.
[0080] In some embodiments, the substrate used to make the diffractive optical element 2 is a fused quartz substrate, that is, the material of the diffractive optical element 2 is fused quartz; in this way, the diffractive optical element 2 can withstand a hundred-watt level incident light P0, achieving the purpose of high-power beam splitting.
[0081] The power beam splitter 1 provided by the embodiments of the present application adopts the diffractive optical element 2 for beam splitting, and has the advantages of good beam splitting consistency, flexible and diverse beam splitting parameters, and the ability to achieve high-power (e.g., more than 10W) beam splitting.
[0082] Please continue to refer to Figure 4 , the microlens array 3 is arranged on the light-out side of the diffractive optical element 2, and the plurality of sub-beams P1 after beam splitting by the diffractive optical element 2 irradiate on the microlens array 3. The microlens array 3 includes a plurality of microlenses 31 arranged in an array, and the arrangement of the plurality of microlenses 31 matches the distribution of the sub-beams P1 out of the diffractive optical element 2. That is, the microlens array 3 includes the same number of microlenses 31 as the number of sub-beams P1 out of the diffractive optical element 2, and the microlenses 31 have a one-to-one correspondence with the sub-beams P1. Each microlens 31 is arranged at the irradiation position of the corresponding sub-beam P1 when it is transmitted to the position where the microlens array 3 is located, so that each sub-beam P1 can irradiate on one microlens 31 in the microlens array 3. For example, in the scene of one-dimensional equal proportion beam splitting, the microlens array 3 includes N microlenses 31 arranged corresponding to N sub-beams P1, the N microlenses 31 are arranged in a one-dimensional array in the same direction as the beam splitting direction, and the positions of the N microlenses 31 are the same as the irradiation positions of the N sub-beams P1 when they are transmitted to the position where the microlens array 3 is located.
[0083] For another example, in the scenario of two-dimensional equal proportion beam splitting, the microlens array 3 includes M*N microlenses 31 arranged corresponding to the M*N sub-beams P1, the M*N microlenses 31 are arranged into a two-dimensional array along two beam splitting directions, and the positions of the M*N microlenses 31 are the same as the irradiation positions of the M*N sub-beams P1 when transmitted to the positions of the microlens array 3.
[0084] In some embodiments, the microlens array 3 includes P*Q microlenses 31 arranged into a two-dimensional array, where P is greater than M and Q is greater than M; but the microlens array 3 includes N microlenses 31 arranged corresponding to the N sub-beams P1 in the scenario of one-dimensional equal proportion beam splitting; and also includes M*N microlenses 31 arranged corresponding to the M*N sub-beams P1 in the scenario of two-dimensional equal proportion beam splitting. In this way, one microlens array 3 can be adapted to different application scenarios.
[0085] The microlenses 31 in the microlens array 3 are used to collimate the incident sub-beams P1, and the focal lengths of the microlenses 31 on the same microlens array 3 are equal; the focal length of the microlens array 3 can be used to represent the focal length of each microlens 31 thereon, and the focal length F of the microlens array 3 is in the range of Figure 4 F is used to represent the focal length F, and the size of the focal length F can be 1mm to 100mm; for example, it can be 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 50mm, 60mm, 80mm, 90mm and 95mm, etc.
[0086] In some embodiments, the distance (d is used to represent d) between the diffractive optical element 2 and the microlens array 3 is equal to the focal length of the microlens array 3. Figure 4
[0087] The microlens array 3 can be processed and formed on a substrate by etching, nanoimprinting, molding or laser direct writing process, etc. The substrate can be a glass substrate, a plastic substrate or a fused quartz substrate, etc., and the substrate material is the material of the microlens array 3. Using the above-mentioned material to make the microlens array 3 can make the microlens array 3 have a high damage threshold, which can withstand an incident light P0 of more than 10W, and is conducive to the high-power beam splitting of the power beam splitter 1.
[0088] In some embodiments, the substrate used to make the microlens array 3 is a fused quartz substrate, that is, the material of the microlens array 3 is fused quartz, which can withstand hundreds of watts of incident light P0, and is conducive to the high-power beam splitting of the power beam splitter 1.
[0089] In the power beam splitter 1 provided in this application embodiment, the substrate materials used to fabricate the microlens array 3 and the diffractive optical element 2 can be the same or different. When the substrate materials are different, the microlens array 3 and the diffractive optical element 2 are discrete devices fabricated on different substrates. When the substrate materials are the same, the microlens array 3 and the diffractive optical element 2 can be discrete devices fabricated on different substrates (e.g., Figure 4 As shown), it can also be used to prepare an integral structure on the same substrate (such as...). Figure 6 (As shown).
[0090] like Figure 6 As shown, the microlens array 3 and the diffractive optical element 2 are fabricated as an integrated structure on the same substrate. This means that the micro / nano structure 21 in the diffractive optical element 2 and the microlens 31 in the microlens array 3 are respectively fabricated on opposite surfaces of the same substrate. During operation, the multiple sub-beams P1 after beam splitting by the diffractive optical element 2 are transmitted to the microlens array 3 in the substrate. The integrated design of the microlens array 3 and the diffractive optical element 2 can reduce manufacturing costs and improve long-term reliability.
[0091] When the microlens array 3 and the diffractive optical element 2 are designed as discrete components, high-precision alignment of the diffractive optical element 2 and the microlens array 3 can be achieved through precise assembly and adjustment. The specific form of the microlens array 3 and the diffractive optical element 2 can be selected according to the application scenario.
[0092] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 4 In the power beam splitter 1 provided in this embodiment, a first fiber array 4 is disposed on the light-emitting side of a microlens array 3, including multiple first couplers 41 and multiple first output fibers 42. The number and position of the first couplers 41 match the multiple sub-beams P1 emitted from the microlens array 3. That is, the first fiber array 4 has the same number of first couplers 41 as the sub-beams P1, and there is a one-to-one correspondence between the first couplers 41 and the sub-beams P1. Each first coupler 41 is disposed at the illumination position of the corresponding sub-beam P1 when it is transmitted to the location of the first fiber array 4, so that each sub-beam P1 emitted from the microlens array 3 can be incident on a corresponding first coupler 41. The number of first couplers 41 and the number of first output fibers 42 are the same, and one first output fiber 42 is connected to one first coupler 41. The first coupler 41 couples the incident sub-beam P1 into the connected fiber for transmission. The first coupler 41 can be a collimator or a coupling lens or other coupling device.
[0093] In the power splitter 1 provided in the embodiments of the present application, by arranging the microlens array 3, the sub-beams P1 split by the diffractive optical element 2 can be collimated, thereby more favorably coupling the sub-beams P1 into the first coupler 41 and the first output fibers 42, and meanwhile favorably ensuring the consistency of the sub-beams P1 coupled into different first output fibers 42.
[0094] In some embodiments, the first fiber array 4 is arranged at the focal length of the microlens array 3, and the first coupler 41 is arranged at the position where the beam waist size of the sub-beams P1 exiting from the microlens 31 is minimum, thereby favorably improving the coupling efficiency of the sub-beams P1 when coupled into the first coupler 41.
[0095] In the power splitter 1 provided in the embodiments of the present application, since the diffractive optical element 2 has polarization dependence, the incident light P0 is required to be polarized light, and the polarized light is still polarized light when coupled into the first output fibers 42 through the diffractive optical element 2, the microlens array 3 and the first coupler 41, and therefore the first output fibers 42 in the first fiber array 4 are generally selected to be polarization maintaining fibers; in the case where the polarization isolation degree is not high, for example, in short distance transmission of several meters, the first output fibers 42 can be non-polarization maintaining fibers.
[0096] The embodiments of the present application also provide another power splitter 1, which can be applied to the case where the incident light P0 is linearly polarized light and the polarization isolation degree is high.
[0097] As shown in FIG. 6, the power splitter 1 includes a diffractive optical element 2, a microlens array 3, a polarization beam splitter 6 and a first fiber array 4. Figure 7 The diffractive optical element 2 is used to split the incident light P0 in equal proportions to form a plurality of sub-beams P1. The incident light P0 is first polarized light, which is P-polarized light or S-polarized light, and the sub-beams P1 split by the diffractive optical element 2 are still first polarized light. The plurality of sub-beams P1 exiting from the diffractive optical element 2 irradiate on the microlens array 3, and the microlens 31 in the microlens array 3 is used to collimate the sub-beams P1. The collimation of the sub-beams P1 does not affect the polarization state, that is, the sub-beams P1 exiting from the microlens array 3 should still be first polarized light. However, due to the machining error of the microlens array 3 and other factors, the polarization of the sub-beams P1 is deteriorated, and the sub-beams P1 are converted into elliptically polarized light, which includes a large proportion of first polarized light and a small proportion of second polarized light, wherein the polarization direction of the second polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarized light; in the case where the first polarized light is P-polarized light, the second polarized light is S-polarized light; in the case where the first polarized light is S-polarized light, the second polarized light is P-polarized light.
[0098] Further description of the diffractive optical element 2 and the microlens array 3 can be referred to the foregoing, which will not be repeated here.
[0099] The sub-beams P1 emitted from the microlens array 3 are incident on the polarizing beam splitter 6, which is an optical device for splitting an incident light beam according to the polarization direction, and can transmit S-polarized light and P-polarized light incident at the same position to different positions, respectively. The polarizing beam splitter 6 can be a prism-type or a flat-plate type polarizing beam splitter.
[0100] Taking the prism-type polarizing beam splitter 6 as an example, as shown in Figure 8 , the polarizing beam splitter 6 is a square prism formed by combining two right-angle prisms, and its outer surface includes four end faces, i.e., a first end face S1, a second end face S2, a third end face S3, and a fourth end face S4. The first end face S1 and the second end face S2 are oppositely arranged in a first direction and are both perpendicular to the first direction. The third end face S3 and the fourth end face S4 are oppositely arranged in a second direction and are both perpendicular to the second direction. The second direction and the first direction can be perpendicular to each other.
[0101] The polarizing beam splitter 6 also has a splitting surface S0 inside. The splitting surface S0 is arranged obliquely with respect to the first direction and the second direction. The first end face S1 and the second end face S2 are located on two sides of the splitting surface S0. The first end face S1 and the third end face S3 are located on the same side of the splitting surface S0. The fourth end face S4 and the second end face S2 are located on the other side of the splitting surface S0. The splitting surface S0 is provided with a polarizing beam splitter film. The polarizing beam splitter film can reflect S-polarized light and transmit P-polarized light. When an incident light beam containing S-polarized light Figure 8 (indicated by a circular dot symbol) and P-polarized light Figure 8 (indicated by a vertical short line symbol) is incident on the splitting surface S0 through the first end face S1, the S-polarized light reflected by the polarizing beam splitter film on the splitting surface S0 is emitted from the third end face S3, and the P-polarized light transmitted by the polarizing beam splitter film on the splitting surface S0 is emitted from the second end face S2, thereby realizing the function of polarizing light splitting.
[0102] As can be seen, the polarizing beam splitter 6 includes a transmission light path capable of transmitting P-polarized light and a reflection light path capable of reflecting S-polarized light. The first end face S1 and the second end face S2 are respectively the input end and the output end of the transmission light path, and the first end face S1 and the third end face S3 are respectively the input end and the output end of the reflection light path.
[0103] It can be known from the foregoing description that the first polarized light can be P-polarized light or S-polarized light. After the first polarized light is incident on the polarization beam splitter 6 through the first end surface S0, the first polarized light can be transmitted through the transmission light path or reflected through the reflection light path according to the polarization direction. The polarization direction of the second polarized light is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the first polarized light. After the second polarized light is incident on the polarization beam splitter 6 through the first end surface S0, the second polarized light can be transmitted through the transmission light path or reflected through the reflection light path according to the polarization direction.
[0104] For ease of description, the light paths for transmitting the first polarized light and the second polarized light in the polarization beam splitter 6 are referred to as a first light path and a second light path respectively in this document. The first light path and the second light path can be a transmission light path and a reflection light path respectively, or vice versa. The input ends of the first light path and the second light path are the same, that is, the first end surface S1. The output ends of the first light path and the second light path are the first polarized light output end and the second polarized light output end respectively. The first input end and the second polarized light output end can be the second end surface S2 and the third end surface S3 respectively, or vice versa.
[0105] In the power beam splitter 1 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the microlens array 3 is arranged opposite to the first end surface S1 in the polarization beam splitter 6. The plurality of sub-beams P1 emitted from the microlens array 3 are incident on the polarization beam splitter 6 through the first end surface S1. It can be known from the foregoing description that the sub-beams P1 emitted from the microlens array 3 can be first polarized light or elliptical polarized light. In the case where the sub-beams P1 are first polarized light, the sub-beams P1 are transmitted through the first light path in the polarization beam splitter 6 and then emitted from the first polarized light output end. In the case where the sub-beams P1 are elliptical polarized light, a larger proportion of first polarized light is transmitted through the first light path in the polarization beam splitter 6 and then emitted from the first polarized light output end, and a smaller proportion of second polarized light is transmitted through the second light path in the polarization beam splitter 6 and then emitted from the second polarized light output end.
[0106] It can be seen that, by arranging the polarization beam splitter 6, the polarization degradation part of the sub-beams P1 caused by the microlens array 3 can be separated, so that the polarization extinction ratio of the sub-beams P1 can be improved.
[0107] For ease of description, the light beams emitted from the first polarized light output end after the sub-beams P1 emitted from the microlens array 3 pass through the polarization beam splitter 6 are referred to as first polarized light beams in this document, and the light beams emitted from the second polarized light output end are referred to as second polarized light beams.
[0108] The first fiber array 4 is arranged at the light exit side of the first polarized light beam in the polarization beam splitter 6, i.e., the outside of the first polarized light output end, for receiving the first polarized light beam emitted from the first polarized light output end. The first coupler 41 in the first fiber array 4 couples the first polarized light beam into the corresponding first output fiber 42, and the polarization direction of the first polarized light beam is the same as the incident light P0.
[0109] For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the incident light P0 is P-polarized light, the first light path is the transmission light path of the polarization beam splitter 6, and the first polarized light output end is the second end surface S2 in the polarization beam splitter 6. The first fiber array 4 is arranged outside the second end surface S2 in the polarization beam splitter 6. The first polarized light beam coupled into the first fiber array 4 is P-polarized light. Figure 8
[0110] In some embodiments, a half wave plate (HWP) 5 is further arranged between the polarization beam splitter 6 and the microlens array 3. The half wave plate 5 can generate a phase delay of π for the passing sub-beam P1, and serve to rotate the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light. Through the cooperation of the half wave plate 5 and the polarization beam splitter 6, the polarization extinction ratio of the sub-beam P1 can be further improved.
[0111] The embodiments of the present application also provide another power beam splitter 1, as shown in FIG. 2. The power beam splitter 1 shown in FIG. 2 is different from the power beam splitter 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that it further includes a scattering plate 7. The scattering plate 7 is arranged at the light exit side of the second polarized light beam in the polarization beam splitter 6, i.e., the outside of the second polarized light output end, for receiving and absorbing the second polarized light beam emitted from the second polarized light output end. The scattering plate 7 can be a ground glass structure or a coated structure, and the absorption rate of the second polarized light beam is 50% to 100%. Through the absorption of the second polarized light beam, the influence of stray light on the power beam splitter 1 can be avoided. Figure 9 Figure 7 The embodiments of the present application also provide another power beam splitter 1, as shown in FIG. 2. The power beam splitter 1 shown in FIG. 2 is different from the power beam splitter 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that it further includes a scattering plate 7. The scattering plate 7 is arranged at the light exit side of the second polarized light beam in the polarization beam splitter 6, i.e., the outside of the second polarized light output end, for receiving and absorbing the second polarized light beam emitted from the second polarized light output end. The scattering plate 7 can be a ground glass structure or a coated structure, and the absorption rate of the second polarized light beam is 50% to 100%. Through the absorption of the second polarized light beam, the influence of stray light on the power beam splitter 1 can be avoided.
[0112] The embodiments of the present application also provide another power beam splitter 1, as shown in FIG. 2. The power beam splitter 1 shown in FIG. 2 is different from the power beam splitter 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that it further includes a scattering plate 7. The scattering plate 7 is arranged at the light exit side of the second polarized light beam in the polarization beam splitter 6, i.e., the outside of the second polarized light output end, for receiving and absorbing the second polarized light beam emitted from the second polarized light output end. The scattering plate 7 can be a ground glass structure or a coated structure, and the absorption rate of the second polarized light beam is 50% to 100%. Through the absorption of the second polarized light beam, the influence of stray light on the power beam splitter 1 can be avoided. Figure 10 Figure 7 The embodiments of the present application also provide another power beam splitter 1, as shown in FIG. 2. The power beam splitter 1 shown in FIG. 2 is different from the power beam splitter 1 shown in FIG. 1 in that it further includes a scattering plate 7. The scattering plate 7 is arranged at the light exit side of the second polarized light beam in the polarization beam splitter 6, i.e., the outside of the second polarized light output end, for receiving and absorbing the second polarized light beam emitted from the second polarized light output end. The scattering plate 7 can be a ground glass structure or a coated structure, and the absorption rate of the second polarized light beam is 50% to 100%. Through the absorption of the second polarized light beam, the influence of stray light on the power beam splitter 1 can be avoided.
[0113] The second coupler is used to receive the second polarized light beam emitted from the second polarized light output end and couple the second polarized light beam into the corresponding second fiber array 8.
[0114] As can be seen from the above description, the second polarized light beams transmitted in the second fiber array 8 are second polarized light, and the second polarized light beams transmitted in the first fiber array 4 are first polarized light. By using the above design, the number of beam splitting of the power beam splitter 1 can be doubled, thereby improving the performance of the power beam splitter 1. By using the above design, the requirements for the diffractive optical element 2 can also be reduced, thereby facilitating cost reduction and yield improvement. Moreover, the first fiber array 4 and the second fiber array 8 transmit linearly polarized light with perpendicular polarization directions, which can be adapted to beam splitting scenarios with different requirements for polarization states.
[0115] In the power beam splitter 1 with the half-wave plate 5 described above, the half-wave plate 5 is replaced by an adjustable half-wave plate, which refers to a half-wave plate 5 with an adjustable optical axis. The adjustment of the optical axis can be achieved by rotating the half-wave plate 5 mechanically or by applying different voltages electrically. By adjusting the optical axis, the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light can be adjusted, thereby controlling the power ratio of the sub-beam P1 output from the first polarized light output end and the second polarized light output end when passing through the polarization beam splitter 6, and achieving the purpose of adjusting the power of the output second polarized light beam and the second polarized light beam.
[0116] The embodiments of the present application also provide another power beam splitter 1, as shown in Figure 11 The difference between the power beam splitter 1 and the power beam splitter 1 shown in Figure 7 is that the polarization beam splitter 6 is replaced by a polarizer 9, and the transmission direction of the polarizer 9 is the same as the polarization direction of the first polarized light. By using the polarizer 9, the polarization degradation part of the sub-beam P1 caused by the microlens array 3 can be blocked, thereby improving the polarization extinction ratio of the sub-beam P1. In this embodiment, the polarization effect ratio can also be further improved by providing a half-wave plate 5. The power value of the output sub-beam P1 can also be adjusted by providing an adjustable half-wave plate.
[0117] In the power beam splitter 1 provided in the above embodiments, the diffractive optical element 2 is used as a beam splitting element to split the incident light P0, but the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For example, in some embodiments, the beam splitting element in the power beam splitter 1 can also be a grating, a planar optical waveguide, a spatial light modulator, or other components that can achieve the function of beam splitting. When the beam splitting element uses the above components, the position can be set according to the position of the diffractive optical element 2 in the above embodiments. The power beam splitter 1 using the above beam splitting element can also reduce the difficulty of fiber coupling and improve the reliability, and can achieve the effect of high-power beam splitting.
[0118] The power beam splitter 1 provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied in light source pools, laser processing devices, and other devices to achieve the function of laser beam splitting, and can adapt to application scenarios with high power and a large number of beam splitting.
[0119] The embodiment of the present application also provides a light source pool, which can also be referred to as a centralized light supply device. The light source pool comprises a laser and the power beam splitter 1 described in the above embodiment. The laser can be a high-power laser with an output power exceeding 10 W, and is used to generate a high-power laser beam. The high-power laser beam is incident into the power beam splitter 1, and the power beam splitter 1 divides the high-power laser beam into a plurality of sub-beams with relatively small power. Then, the sub-beams are transmitted into a plurality of optical modules through optical fibers, so as to realize the purpose of simultaneously supplying light to the plurality of optical modules.
[0120] In the light source pool provided by the embodiment of the present application, two or more lasers can be arranged, and two or more power beam splitters 1 can also be arranged.
[0121] In some embodiments, the light source pool further comprises an amplifier arranged between the laser and the power beam splitter 1. The amplifier is used to amplify the laser beam generated by the laser, and then transmit the amplified laser beam into the power beam splitter 1.
[0122] In some other embodiments, the laser in the light source pool is internally provided with an amplifier. That is, the laser comprises a seed source and an amplifier. The seed source is used to generate a seed laser beam, and the amplifier is used to amplify the seed laser beam and then output. The output laser beam is transmitted into the power beam splitter 1.
[0123] The embodiment of the present application also provides an optical communication system, which comprises a plurality of communication devices and the power beam splitter described in the above embodiment. The communication devices can be different products according to different application scenarios. For example, in the scenario shown in the figure, the communication devices can be switches and servers. Figure 1
[0124] In the optical communication system, each communication device is connected with at least one communication device, and at least one optical module is arranged on each communication device. The optical module is used to realize the conversion between an optical signal and an electrical signal. The optical communication between the communication devices can be realized through the optical module. The light source pool is connected with the plurality of optical modules in the optical communication system, and is used to supply light to the optical modules.
[0125] The embodiment of the present application also provides a transmission method of an optical signal, which comprises the following steps:
[0126] Obtaining incident light generated by a laser;
[0127] Dividing the incident light into a plurality of sub-beams through a beam splitting element, and irradiating the plurality of sub-beams into a microlens array;
[0128] The multiple sub-beams are respectively collimated by the microlens array and then irradiated into the first optical fiber array; wherein the first optical fiber array comprises multiple first couplers and multiple first output optical fibers;
[0129] The sub-beam is coupled into the first output optical fiber by the first coupler and then output.
[0130] The transmission method can be implemented by the power splitter provided in the embodiments of the present application.
[0131] The technical effects achieved by the light source pool, the optical communication system and the optical signal transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application are the same as the technical effects achieved by the power splitter in any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and will not be repeated here.
[0132] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited to this. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A power splitter, characterized by The power beam splitter comprises: a beam splitting element for splitting incident light into a plurality of sub-beams; a microlens array disposed on an exit side of the beam splitting element, comprising a plurality of microlenses; the microlenses are used for collimating the sub-beams; and a first fiber array disposed on an exit side of the microlens array, comprising a plurality of first couplers and a plurality of first output fibers; the first couplers correspond one-to-one to the sub-beams exiting from the microlenses, and are used for coupling the sub-beams into the first output fibers.
2. The power splitter of claim 1, wherein, The power beam splitter further comprises a polarization beam splitter disposed on an exit side of the microlens array, for splitting the sub-beams into first polarized beams and second polarized beams; the first polarized beams and the second polarized beams have different polarization directions; The first fiber array is disposed on an exit side of the first polarized beams in the polarization beam splitter, and the first couplers in the first fiber array correspond one-to-one to the first polarized beams.
3. The power splitter of claim 2, wherein, The power beam splitter further comprises a second fiber array disposed on an exit side of the second polarized beams in the polarization beam splitter; The second fiber array comprises a plurality of second couplers and a plurality of second output fibers; the second couplers correspond one-to-one to the second polarized beams, and are used for coupling the second polarized beams into the second output fibers.
4. The power splitter of claim 2, wherein, The power beam splitter further comprises a diffuser disposed on an exit side of the second polarized beams in the polarization beam splitter.
5. The power splitter of any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein, The power beam splitter further comprises an adjustable half-wave plate disposed between the microlens array and the polarization beam splitter, and having an adjustable optical axis angle.
6. The power splitter of claim 1, wherein, The power beam splitter further comprises an analyzer disposed on an exit side of the microlens array, and the first fiber array is disposed on an exit side of the analyzer.
7. The power splitter of claim 6, wherein, The power beam splitter further comprises an adjustable half-wave plate disposed between the microlens array and the analyzer, and having an adjustable optical axis angle.
8. The power splitter of any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein, The beam splitting element is a diffractive optical element for one-dimensional or two-dimensional splitting of the incident light.
9. The power splitter of claim 8, wherein, The diffractive optical element is used for equal proportion splitting of the incident light.
10. The power splitter of claim 8 or 9, wherein, The diffractive optical element is used for splitting the incident light, and the full angle in the splitting direction is less than or equal to 120 degrees.
11. The power splitter of any one of claims 8 to 10, wherein, The microlens array and the diffractive optical element are an integral structure fabricated on the same substrate, or are separate devices fabricated on different substrates.
12. The power splitter of claim 11, wherein, The diffractive optical element and the microlens array are fabricated using the same material.
13. The power splitter of claim 11 or 12, wherein, The material of the diffractive optical element is glass, plastic or fused quartz; and / or, the material of the microlens array is glass, plastic or fused quartz.
14. The power splitter of any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein, The distance between the beam splitting element and the microlens array is equal to the focal length of the microlens array, and the first couplers are disposed at the focal length of the microlens array.
15. The power splitter of any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein, The power splitter further comprises an input fiber and a third coupler, the input fiber and the third coupler being disposed at an input side of the diffractive optical element, the input fiber being configured to transmit the incident light, and the third coupler being configured to couple the incident light to the diffractive optical element.
16. A light source pool, characterized by The light source pool comprises: a laser configured to generate incident light; and The power splitter of any one of claims 1 to 15, wherein the power splitter is configured to receive the incident light and split the incident light.
17. The light source cell of claim 16, wherein, The laser has an output power greater than 10 W.
18. An optical communication system, characterized by The optical communication system comprises: a plurality of communication devices, each of the communication devices being connected to at least one of the communication devices, and each of the communication devices being provided with at least one optical module; and The light source pool of claim 16 or 17, wherein the light source pool is configured to supply light to a plurality of the optical modules.