Design method for engineering quantity calculation table of automatic control system of heating and cooling system

Abstract

The invention discloses a design method for an engineering quantity calculation table of an automatic control system of a heating and cooling system. The design method comprises the following steps: 1) setting a remote transmission instrument according to configuration conditions of process equipment and a process system; wherein the process equipment comprises a heat pump, a refrigerating unit, a boiler, a heat exchanger, heat storage equipment, cold storage equipment, waste heat recovery equipment, a water pump, a cooling tower and a pipeline; 2) arranging an electric valve and an electric regulating valve according to the control and regulation requirements of a process system; and 3) a work amount calculation table is compiled based on the step 1), the step 2), the process equipment and the process system, the work amount calculation table comprises the number of the process equipment, the number of the process equipment is input, and the number of the instruments, the number of the electric valves and the number of the electric control valves can be automatically obtained according to the setting principle of the remote transmission instruments, the electric valves and the electric control valves in the process system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automatic control system engineering design, and in particular to an automatic control system design method, especially a design method for a calculation table of engineering quantities for an automatic control system of a heating and cooling system. Background Technology

[0002] The automatic control monitoring points and control equipment of heating and cooling systems include pressure, temperature, flow, liquid level, regulating valves, electric valves, fans, water pumps, etc. I / O point types include DI, DO, AI, AO, RTD, etc., and cables include control cables, power cables, communication cables, etc. In the design of heating and cooling systems, the automatic control material list is a commonly used design tool.

[0003] The automatic control material list (engineering quantity calculation sheet) serves as both a deliverable from the feasibility study and preliminary design stages and a design input document for technical and economic professionals to conduct investment estimations and project cost estimates. It includes the names, specifications, units, and quantities of major equipment. The accuracy of the material list determines the accuracy of the investment estimate and project cost estimate. For relatively simple systems such as heat exchange stations, boiler rooms, and refrigeration stations, the automatic control system, based on the system diagram, equipment list, and monitoring and control requirements provided by the process, calculates the quantities of instruments such as pressure, temperature, flow rate, and liquid level gauges, and estimates the quantities of cables, steel pipes, and cable trays based on experience or by referring to similar projects.

[0004] In recent years, to implement laws and regulations concerning energy conservation, ecological environment protection, and climate change response, improve energy resource utilization efficiency, promote renewable energy use, and reduce building carbon emissions, regional energy stations have increasingly adopted multi-energy complementary systems. These systems are becoming more complex, typically incorporating various new energy and conventional energy process equipment, such as heat pumps, refrigeration units, boilers, heat exchangers, thermal storage equipment, cold storage equipment, waste heat recovery equipment, and cooling towers. This has rendered traditional experience-based estimation methods for calculating instrument quantities, cable, steel pipe, and cable tray quantities inadequate for the demands of multi-energy complementary systems. Feasibility studies often involve multiple adjustments to the process design, and to ensure more accurate investment estimates, material lists are required to reach the level of preliminary design specifications.

[0005] Therefore, new technological approaches are needed to at least partially overcome the problems existing in the prior art. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To improve the accuracy of investment estimates and project budgets, the quantities in the material list must be accurate. This invention proposes a method for designing a quantity calculation table, aiming to solve the problem of inaccurate quantities caused by relying on experience-based estimations and referencing similar projects. Specifically, the purpose of this invention is to study the preliminary design method for the automatic control system of a heating and cooling system, and to propose a method for designing a quantity calculation table for the automatic control system of a heating and cooling system. This method can provide more accurate quantities, improve the accuracy of investment estimates and project budgets, and has good application prospects and value.

[0007] According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for designing an engineering quantity calculation table for an automatic control system of a heating and cooling system is provided, comprising:

[0008] 1) Remote instruments are installed according to the configuration of process equipment and process system; wherein, the process equipment includes: heat pumps, refrigeration units, boilers, heat exchangers, thermal storage equipment, cold storage equipment, waste heat recovery equipment, water pumps, cooling towers, and pipelines; the remote instruments include pressure, temperature, flow, and level instruments, which are installed on the pipelines connecting the process equipment. The principle for installing the remote instruments is as follows: pressure, temperature, and flow instruments are installed on the supply and return water pipes and / or supply and return water main pipes of the process equipment, and on the supply and return water main pipes and / or supply and return water branch pipes connected to the end users; level instruments are installed on water containers.

[0009] 2) Install electric valves and electric regulating valves according to the control and regulation requirements of the process system; and

[0010] 3) Based on steps 1) and 2), as well as the process equipment and process system, compile a quantity calculation table; the quantity calculation table includes the quantity of each process equipment; input the quantity of process equipment, and according to the setting principle of the remote instrument, electric valve, and electric regulating valve in the process system, the quantity of instrument, electric valve, and electric regulating valve can be automatically obtained.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the process equipment is connected to the end user via pipelines and water pumps.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the pipeline connected to the end user includes a cold / hot water supply main pipe, a cold / hot water return main pipe, a cold / hot water supply and return bypass pipe, a cold / hot water supply branch pipe, and a cold / hot water return branch pipe.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the process system can be divided into a heating system and a cooling system according to the energy supply type; into a direct supply system and an indirect supply system according to the heat exchange method; and into a primary pump system, a secondary pump system and a tertiary pump system according to the arrangement of the circulating water pumps.

[0014] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the electric valve is configured in the following ways: it is installed on a pipeline connected to the process equipment for opening / closing control of the process equipment, and is suitable for occasions requiring frequent start-stop operations.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the principle of setting the electric regulating valve includes: setting it on a pipeline connected to the process equipment for continuous adjustment and control of flow rate, pressure or temperature.

[0016] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engineering quantity calculation table can estimate the average length of a single cable from the instrumentation equipment to the control room based on the number of remote instruments, electric valves, electric regulating valves and process equipment, and automatically derive the total number of I / O points, the total cable length and the total cable cross-sectional area.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the principle of setting the electric valve further includes: setting it on process equipment, supply and return water pipes and / or supply and return water headers connected to end users.

[0018] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the principle of setting the electric regulating valve further includes: setting it on the steam boiler feedwater pipe, the cold / hot water supply and return bypass pipe connected to the end user, the primary side supply / return water pipe of the heat exchanger, the water supply branch pipe connected to the end user, and the heat storage / cold storage system pipeline.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engineering quantity calculation table further includes a classification and statistical analysis of the IO point types.

[0020] The engineering quantities obtained by the method described in this invention are relatively accurate. In the preliminary design of large-scale engineering projects, it can replace empirical estimation methods and improve the accuracy of investment estimation and project budget.

[0021] The above and other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a flowchart illustrating the design method of the engineering quantity calculation table for the automatic control system of the heating and cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The present invention can be better understood from the accompanying drawings and the following embodiments. However, those skilled in the art will readily understand that the descriptions in the embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and should not, and will not, limit the scope of the invention.

[0024] Figure 1This is a flowchart illustrating the design method for the engineering quantity calculation table of the automatic control system of the heating and cooling system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the design method of the embodiment is as follows:

[0025] 1) First, set up remote instruments according to the configuration of process equipment and process system.

[0026] Before setting up remote instruments, collect / understand the relevant process systems / equipment of the heating and cooling system.

[0027] Heating and cooling systems can be classified into heating systems and cooling systems according to the type of energy supply. They can also be classified into direct supply systems and indirect supply systems according to the heat exchange method. Finally, they can be classified into primary pump systems, secondary pump systems, and tertiary pump systems according to the configuration of the circulating water pumps.

[0028] The process equipment of a heating and cooling system generally includes heat pumps, refrigeration units, boilers, heat exchangers, thermal storage equipment, cold storage equipment, waste heat recovery equipment, water pumps, cooling towers, and pipelines connecting various equipment.

[0029] Specifically, heat pumps can include ground source heat pumps, water source heat pumps, and air source heat pumps. Ground source and water source heat pumps are connected to pipes with evaporator-side supply and return water pipes, and condenser-side supply and return water pipes. Air source heat pumps are connected to pipes with supply and return water pipes. More specifically, for example, one ground source or water source heat pump can be connected to four supply and return water pipes, and one air source heat pump can be connected to two supply and return water pipes.

[0030] Refrigeration units can include electric refrigeration units, lithium bromide refrigeration units, etc. Electric refrigeration units are connected to piping systems for chilled water supply, chilled water return, cooling water supply, and cooling water return. Absorption-type lithium bromide units are also connected to piping systems for driving hot water or steam. More specifically, for example, one electric refrigeration unit can be connected to four supply and return water pipes. One hot water type lithium bromide unit can be connected to six supply and return water pipes. One steam type lithium bromide unit can be connected to four supply and return water pipes, one steam pipe, and one condensate pipe.

[0031] Boilers can include gas-fired hot water boilers, gas-fired steam boilers, etc. Gas-fired hot water boilers are connected to boiler supply water pipes and boiler return water pipes. Gas-fired steam boilers are connected to boiler steam supply pipes and boiler feed water pipes. More specifically, for example, one gas-fired hot water boiler can be connected to two supply and return water pipes. One gas-fired steam boiler can be connected to one steam pipe and one feed water pipe.

[0032] Heat exchangers can include plate heat exchangers, etc. Plate heat exchangers are connected to pipes including a primary side supply pipe, a primary side return pipe, a secondary side supply pipe, and a secondary side return pipe. More specifically, for example, one plate heat exchanger can be connected to four supply and return water pipes.

[0033] Thermal storage equipment may include thermal storage tanks. The pipes connected to the thermal storage tank include a supply water pipe and a return water pipe. More specifically, for example, one thermal storage tank can be connected to two supply and return water pipes.

[0034] Cold storage equipment can include cold storage tanks, ice storage pools, etc. Cold storage tanks are connected to cold storage tank supply water pipes and cold storage tank return water pipes. Ice storage pools are connected to ethylene glycol cold storage water supply pipes, ethylene glycol cold storage water return pipes, ethylene glycol cold release water supply pipes, and ethylene glycol cold release water return pipes. More specifically, for example, one cold storage tank can be connected to two supply and return water pipes. Depending on the system configuration, one ice storage pool can be connected to four supply and return water pipes or two supply and return water pipes.

[0035] Waste heat recovery equipment may include waste heat heat pumps, heat exchangers, etc. The connecting pipes for waste heat heat pumps and heat exchangers are the same as those for the heat pumps and heat exchangers mentioned above.

[0036] Water pumps can include cold / hot water circulation pumps, makeup water pumps, heat storage / cold pumps, heat release / cold pumps, cooling pumps, etc. Depending on the specific project requirements, each type of water pump can be selected as a one-to-one or master-slave configuration.

[0037] The cooling tower is connected to pipes for cooling water supply and return. Depending on the specific project, if a main pipe system is used, the cooling water pipeline can be configured with one or more main pipes.

[0038] In addition, the aforementioned process equipment can be connected to end users via pipes, pumps, etc. For example, the pipes connected to end users include cold / hot water supply main pipes, cold / hot water return main pipes, cold / hot water supply and return bypass pipes, cold / hot water supply branch pipes, and cold / hot water return branch pipes. Depending on the end user situation, one or more main pipes can be installed for the cold / hot water pipelines.

[0039] Then, based on the process equipment and system, the remote instruments for the automatic control system are specifically set up / designed.

[0040] The remote transmission instruments may include pressure, temperature, flow, and level instruments, which are installed on the pipelines connecting the process equipment. The principle for setting up the remote transmission instruments is as follows: pressure, temperature, and flow instruments are installed on the supply and return water pipes and / or supply and return water main pipes of the process equipment, and on the supply and return water main pipes and / or supply and return water branch pipes connected to the end users; level instruments are installed on water containers.

[0041] 2) Set / design electric valves and electric regulating valves according to the control and regulation requirements of the process system.

[0042] More specifically, electric valves / electric regulating valves can be used for automatic control to regulate parameters such as flow rate and pressure. After the remote transmission instruments are set up on the defined process equipment / system, the electric valves / electric regulating valves can be configured / designed.

[0043] The electric valves are installed on the aforementioned pipelines for on / off control and are suitable for applications requiring frequent start-stop operations. The installation principle for electric valves is: installation on process equipment, supply and return water pipes connected to end users, and / or supply and return water main pipes. The electric regulating valves are installed on the aforementioned pipelines for continuous regulation and control of parameters such as flow rate, pressure, or temperature. The installation principle for regulating valves is: installation on steam boiler feedwater pipes, cold / hot water supply and return bypass pipes connected to end users, primary side supply / return water pipes of heat exchangers, supply branch pipes connected to end users, and thermal / cold storage system pipelines.

[0044] 3) Based on the process system and process equipment, after setting / designing the electric valves / electric regulating valves, design and compile the engineering quantity calculation table.

[0045] More specifically, software such as WPS can be used to create engineering quantity calculation tables by writing formulas and functions. The content to be compiled can include, for example, the name, quantity, number, specifications, I / O point type and quantity, cables, etc. of the process equipment. By inputting the quantity of process equipment, and based on the setting principles of the remote instruments, electric valves, and electric regulating valves in the process system, the quantities of instruments, electric valves, and electric regulating valves can be automatically obtained through calculations, for example, using formulas and functions in WPS. Based on the quantities of instruments, electric valves, electric regulating valves, water pumps, cooling tower fans, etc., the length of a single cable from the instrument equipment to the control cabinet can be further estimated, and the total number of I / O points, total cable length, and total cable cross-sectional area can be automatically obtained, thereby determining the engineering quantities. It should be understood that the calculation formulas and functions are well known in the art and will not be elaborated further.

[0046] The method of the present invention will be further illustrated below with a specific example.

[0047] An energy station is equipped with 3 electric chiller units, 3 cooling water circulation pumps (industrial frequency), 3 chilled water primary pumps (variable frequency), and 3 cooling towers (industrial frequency); 3 ground source heat pumps, 3 ground source side circulation pumps (industrial frequency), and 3 user-side primary pumps (variable frequency); 2 municipal heating plate heat exchangers, 2 plate heat exchanger secondary side circulation pumps (variable frequency); 4 user-side secondary pumps (variable frequency), 2 ground source side makeup water pumps (variable frequency), and 2 user-side makeup water pumps (variable frequency). The electric chiller units and ground source heat pumps are a direct supply system. The electric chiller units + ground source heat pumps provide cooling for end-user air conditioning in summer; the municipal heating plate heat exchangers + ground source heat pumps provide heating for end-user air conditioning in winter. The cooling water circulation pumps, ground source side circulation pumps, primary pumps, and secondary pumps are all in a main pipe configuration. The user-side supply and return water main pipes are divided into 3 branches via a manifold, supplying water to 3 users.

[0048] The principles for setting up remote transmission instruments are as follows:

[0049] Temperature and pressure gauges are installed on the supply and return water pipes of the electric chiller, the supply and return water pipes of the ground source heat pump, the supply and return water main pipes of the plate heat exchanger, the supply and return water main pipes on the user side, and the return water branch pipes on the user side.

[0050] Flow meters are installed on the chilled water supply pipe of the electric chiller unit, the user-side water supply pipe of the ground source heat pump, the ground source side water supply main pipe of the ground source heat pump, the plate heat exchanger water supply main pipe, the user-side water supply main pipe, the user-side water supply branch pipe, the user-side water replenishment pipe, the ground source side water replenishment pipe, and the tap water pipe.

[0051] The level gauges are installed in the softened water tank and the cooling tower water collection tray.

[0052] Electric valves are installed in the water supply pipes of electric chiller units, cooling towers, ground source heat pumps, ground source heat pumps winter / summer switching pipes, plate heat exchanger water supply main pipes, user-side supply and return water main pipes, and water supply branch pipes connected to end users.

[0053] The electric regulating valve is installed on the return water main pipe on the primary side of the heat exchanger and the bypass pipe of the supply and return water main pipe on the user side.

[0054] Tables 1-4 below are the engineering quantity calculation tables generated during the specific implementation process of this embodiment.

[0055] Enter the names and quantities of process equipment in Table 1 of the engineering quantity calculation. Based on the above principles for setting up remote instruments, calculate the quantity of remote instruments, including the quantity of pressure instruments, temperature instruments, flow instruments, level instruments, electric regulating valves, and electric valves. Sum the results to obtain the total quantity, as shown in Table 1 below:

[0056]

[0057] Table 2 uses the total number of instruments from Table 1 to calculate the total number of I / O points and the total cross-sectional area of ​​cables. Based on the length and width of the energy station building and the location of process equipment and control rooms, the average length of a single cable is estimated to obtain the total cable length, as shown in Table 2 below.

[0058] Table 3 calculates the quantities of AI, AO, DI, DO, and RTD from Table 2 by summing the results, as shown in Table 3 below:

[0059]

[0060] Table 4 calculates the total cable length from Table 2. ZR-KVV 10x1.0 cables use SC25 galvanized steel pipes, while other cables use SC20 galvanized steel pipes. Cables are first threaded through the steel pipes and then laid in the cable trays. The length of a single cable conduit is calculated as 5m, and the total length of the steel pipes is tallied. The maximum cable tray size is 400x200mm, selected based on the total cross-sectional area of ​​the cables, with a fill rate not exceeding 40%. Based on the average cross-sectional area of ​​the cables, the number of cables that can pass through a 100x100mm cable tray can be estimated at 30-40. Based on the distribution of instrument cables in the floor plan, 200x100mm and 300x100mm cable trays are selected. The cable tray length is estimated based on the length and width of the energy station building and the location of the instrument equipment and control room, as shown in Table 4 below.

[0061]

[0062] The above introduces a design method for calculating the engineering quantities of an automatic control system for heating and cooling systems. Applying this method can yield more accurate engineering quantities and improve the accuracy of investment estimates and project budgets.

[0063] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of example, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The basic idea of ​​the present invention lies in the above basic scheme. For those skilled in the art, designing various modified models, formulas, and parameters based on the teachings of the present invention does not require creative effort. Changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A design method of a heat supply and cooling system automatic control system engineering calculation table, characterized by, Comprise: 1) Set remote instrument according to process equipment and process system configuration; wherein, the process equipment comprises: heat pump, refrigeration unit, boiler, heat exchanger, heat storage equipment, cold storage equipment, waste heat recovery equipment, water pump, cooling tower and pipeline; the remote instrument comprises pressure, temperature, flow, liquid level instrument, which is set on the pipeline connected with the process equipment, the principle of setting remote instrument is: pressure, temperature, flow instrument is set on process equipment supply and return water pipe and / or supply and return water main pipe, supply and return water main pipe and / or supply and return water branch pipe connected with end user, liquid level instrument is set on water container; 2) Set electric valve, electric regulating valve according to process system control and adjustment requirements; and 3) Based on step 1), step 2) and process equipment and process system, prepare bill of quantities; the bill of quantities comprises the number of each process equipment; input the number of process equipment, according to the setting principle of remote instrument, electric valve and electric regulating valve in process system, the number of instrument, electric valve and electric regulating valve can be automatically obtained.

2. The design method of claim 1, wherein, The process equipment is connected with end user through pipeline and water pump.

3. The method of designing according to claim 2, wherein, The pipeline connected with end user comprises cold / hot water supply main pipe, cold / hot water return main pipe, cold / hot water supply and return bypass pipe, cold / hot water supply branch pipe and cold / hot water return branch pipe.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The process system can be divided into heating system and cooling system according to energy supply type, can be divided into direct supply system and indirect supply system according to heat exchange mode, and can be divided into one-stage pump system, two-stage pump system and three-stage pump system according to the setting mode of circulating water pump.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein, The setting principle of electric valve comprises: setting on the pipeline connected with process equipment, used for on / off control of process equipment, suitable for occasions requiring frequent start / stop.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein, The setting principle of electric regulating valve comprises: setting on the pipeline connected with process equipment, used for continuous adjustment and control of flow, pressure or temperature.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein, The bill of quantities can estimate the average length of single cable from instrument equipment to control room, automatically obtain the total number of IO points, total length of cable and total cross-sectional area of cable according to the number of remote instrument, electric valve, electric regulating valve and process equipment.

8. The design method of claim 5, wherein, The setting principle of electric valve further comprises: setting on process equipment, supply and return water pipe and / or supply and return water main pipe connected with end user.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein, The setting principle of electric regulating valve further comprises: setting on steam boiler feed water pipe, cold / hot water supply and return bypass pipe connected with end user, heat exchanger primary side supply / return water pipe, water supply branch pipe connected with end user and heat storage / cold storage system pipeline.

10. The method of claim 7, wherein, The bill of quantities further comprises classification statistics of IO point type.

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