A method, apparatus, and medium for temperature control of a laser

Abstract

The application discloses a temperature control method, device and medium of a laser, relates to the technical field of temperature control, and comprises the following steps: acquiring operation parameters of a pump source assembly in a laser system, and generating a thermal load prediction value by querying and interpolating calculation through a predefined current-heat mapping table based on a pump source current in the operation parameters; generating a refrigeration control signal based on the thermal load prediction value and according to a working mode of the laser, and sending the refrigeration control signal to an execution component of a refrigeration system to control at least one of a compressor rotating speed, an expansion valve opening degree and a fan rotating speed; calculating a current fine tuning coefficient according to a difference between a target temperature value and an actual temperature value in the thermal load prediction value, and performing overall current compensation according to a difference between a power setting value and an actual power value in the thermal load prediction value, and outputting an independent current adjustment value and a total current adjustment value of each pump source assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of temperature control technology, and in particular to a method, device and medium for temperature control of a laser. Background Technology

[0002] High-power lasers generate a significant amount of heat during operation. Failure to effectively control the temperature in a timely manner will directly impact the stability of the laser output, beam quality, and device lifespan. Currently, the industry commonly uses independent external water chillers to dissipate heat from laser systems. This approach designs the laser system and cooling system as two separate devices, physically connected via external circulation piping. This discrete structure results in a large overall footprint, complex installation, and significant shortcomings in system coordination and control.

[0003] Because the laser system and the cooling system each have independent control logic and information processing units, there is a lack of deep data interaction and coordination mechanisms between them. Existing temperature control systems mainly rely on delayed feedback of temperatures in critical laser components. The cooling system can only initiate corresponding cooling or heating operations after detecting a change in the temperature sensor signal, making it impossible to predict changes in the laser's heat load in advance. In actual operation, high-power lasers often exhibit millisecond-level instantaneous jumps in laser output power, and the generation and dissipation of internal heat are also transient. Traditional temperature control systems respond slowly, resulting in the cooling capacity failing to match the heat load in real time, leading to overshoot or under-adjustment, severely impacting temperature control accuracy and system efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method, device, and medium for controlling the temperature of a laser to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0005] On one hand, embodiments of this application provide a method for temperature control of a laser, including: The operating parameters of the pump source component in the laser system are obtained, and based on the pump source current in the operating parameters, data query and interpolation calculation are performed through a predefined current-heat mapping table to generate a predicted heat load value; the operating parameters include pump source current, actual temperature value and actual power value; Based on the predicted heat load and according to the laser's operating mode, a cooling control signal is generated and sent to the actuator of the cooling system to control at least one of the compressor speed, expansion valve opening, and fan speed; the operating mode includes rapid cooling mode, rapid heating mode, and normal mode. The current fine-tuning coefficient is calculated based on the difference between the target temperature value in the predicted heat load and the actual temperature value. Overall current compensation is performed based on the difference between the power setting value in the predicted heat load and the actual power value. The independent current adjustment value and the total current adjustment value of each pump source component are output.

[0006] In one implementation of this application, based on the pump source current in the operating parameters, a heat load prediction value is generated by data querying and interpolation calculation through a predefined current-heat mapping table, specifically including: A current-heat mapping table is established, and the pump source current in the operating parameters is read; the current-heat mapping table stores the correlation between multiple current values ​​and corresponding actual power values ​​in the form of a two-dimensional array; The current heat map is accessed based on the pump source current to extract adjacent current reference points and the actual power values ​​corresponding to the adjacent current reference points from the current heat map, and the interpolation ratio coefficient is calculated based on the position of the pump source current between the adjacent current reference points. The interpolation ratio coefficient is applied to the weighted sum of adjacent actual power values ​​to generate an interpolated heat load value. The interpolated heat load value is then superimposed with the reference heat load value to generate the predicted heat load value corresponding to the pump source current.

[0007] In one implementation of this application, a cooling control signal is generated based on the predicted heat load value and according to the laser's operating mode. This cooling control signal is then sent to the actuator of the cooling system to control at least one of the compressor speed, expansion valve opening, and fan speed. Specifically, this includes: When the laser is in rapid cooling mode, a rapid cooling control signal is generated based on the predicted heat load value; the rapid cooling control signal includes a first compressor speed control command, a first expansion valve control command, and a first fan control command. The first compressor speed control command is sent to the compressor assembly of the refrigeration system to increase the compressor assembly speed to a preset first high speed based on the predicted heat load value; The first expansion valve control command is sent to the first expansion valve assembly of the refrigerant in the refrigeration system to increase the opening of the first expansion valve assembly controlling the flow of refrigerant to the pump source assembly to the maximum value; The first fan control command is sent to the fan assembly of the refrigeration system to control the fan assembly speed to the maximum speed; When executing the rapid cooling control signal, the pump source current and the temperature of key components are continuously monitored. When the temperature of the refrigerant flowing to the pump source component is detected to be lower than the first threshold, the control command of the first expansion valve is adjusted to reduce the opening of the first expansion valve.

[0008] In one implementation of this application, a cooling control signal is generated based on the predicted heat load value and according to the laser's operating mode. This cooling control signal is then sent to the actuator of the cooling system to control at least one of the compressor speed, expansion valve opening, and fan speed. Specifically, this includes: When the laser is in rapid heating mode, a rapid heating control signal is generated based on the predicted heat load value; the rapid heating control signal includes a second compressor speed control command, a second expansion valve control command, and a second fan control command. The second compressor speed control command is sent to the compressor assembly of the refrigeration system to reduce the compressor assembly speed to a second preset low speed standby state based on the predicted heat load value. The second expansion valve control command is sent to the first expansion valve assembly and the second expansion valve assembly of the refrigerant in the refrigeration system. After confirming that the heat load is continuously lower than the preset low-level heat load threshold within a predetermined delay time, the opening of the first expansion valve assembly is reduced to the closed state, and the opening of the second expansion valve assembly is increased to the maximum value, so as to guide the remaining cooling capacity of the refrigeration system to the water tank assembly for storage. The second fan control command is sent to the fan assembly of the cooling system to control the fan assembly speed to zero or minimum speed in order to reduce heat loss from the laser system.

[0009] In one implementation of this application, after generating a cooling control signal based on the predicted heat load value and the laser's operating mode, the method further includes: Real-time monitoring of whether the pump source current drops to zero, recording the duration of the zero pump source current, comparing the duration with a predetermined time threshold, and generating a condition met signal; Based on the condition met signal, a first expansion valve fully closed signal is generated, which drives the first expansion valve assembly to the closed state through the controller digital output port, and a second expansion valve fully open signal is generated, which drives the second expansion valve assembly to the maximum opening state through pulse output; Real-time valve body opening feedback data is collected, and the status of the first expansion valve assembly and the second expansion valve assembly is verified based on the valve body opening feedback data to see if they meet the expected settings.

[0010] In one implementation of this application, the current fine-tuning coefficient is calculated based on the difference between the target temperature value in the predicted heat load and the actual temperature value, specifically including: An independent temperature control loop is set for each pump source component in the laser system, and the same target temperature value is set for each temperature control loop; For each pump source component, the actual temperature value of the pump source component is acquired in real time, and the individual temperature deviation between the actual temperature value and the target temperature value is calculated. The individual temperature deviation of each pump source component is processed by the proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm, and the individual current fine-tuning coefficient of the corresponding pump source component is output.

[0011] In one implementation of this application, overall current compensation is performed based on the difference between the power setpoint in the predicted heat load and the actual power value, outputting an independent current adjustment value for each pump source component and a total current adjustment value, specifically including: Determine the power setpoint in the predicted heat load and calculate the power difference between the power setpoint and the actual power value; The power difference is processed by a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm to generate the overall current compensation coefficient of the laser system; Based on the overall current compensation coefficient, the total current adjustment value corresponding to the laser system is calculated, and based on the preset theoretical operating current value of each pump source component and the corresponding individual current fine-tuning coefficient, the actual operating current command of each pump source component after fine-tuning compensation is obtained.

[0012] In one implementation of this application, after generating a cooling control signal based on the predicted heat load value and the laser's operating mode, the method further includes: When the laser system has no output, the pump source current is monitored to be zero, a pre-cooling trigger signal is generated, and based on the pre-cooling trigger signal, a compressor low-speed signal is generated to control the compressor to maintain at the lowest speed. A first expansion valve closing signal is generated to put the first expansion valve assembly in a fully closed state, and a second expansion valve fully opening signal is generated to put the second expansion valve assembly in a maximum opening state; The water tank temperature value is acquired in real time. When the water tank temperature value is lower than the preset water tank temperature threshold, a compressor shutdown signal is generated to set the compressor speed to zero and store the cooling capacity buffer data.

[0013] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a temperature control device for a laser, the device comprising: At least one processor; And, a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, enables the at least one processor to perform a temperature control method for a laser as described above.

[0014] On the other hand, embodiments of this application also provide a non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, implement a temperature control method for a laser as described above.

[0015] This application provides a method, apparatus, and medium for temperature control of a laser, which has at least the following beneficial effects: By acquiring the pump source current and generating a predicted heat load value using a predefined current-heat mapping table, the lag of traditional temperature control systems relying on temperature sensor feedback is overcome. This allows for the prediction of cooling demand before heat is actually generated and causes a temperature rise, improving the response speed of the temperature control system and achieving feedforward prediction of laser heat generation. Based on the predicted heat load value and operating mode, a cooling control signal is generated, decomposing the single temperature control target into a composite control strategy that matches different operating modes. This enables the cooling system to actively adapt to the dynamic operating state of the laser, achieving coordinated and precise control of actuators such as compressors, expansion valves, and fans. Through a combination of independent adjustment and overall compensation, each pump source is ensured to operate within its optimal temperature range, guaranteeing the long-term stability of laser output power and achieving dynamic balance and precise calibration at the system level. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 A schematic flowchart illustrating a laser temperature control method provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the core components of the laser provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a laser system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a refrigeration system provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a temperature control device for a laser provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and corresponding drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0018] The technical solutions provided by the various embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a method for controlling the temperature of a laser, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] The analysis method involved in the embodiments of this application can be implemented by a terminal device or a server, and this application does not impose any special limitations on it. For ease of understanding and description, the following embodiments are all described in detail using a server as an example.

[0021] It should be noted that the server can be a single device or a system composed of multiple devices, i.e., a distributed server. This application does not make any specific limitations on this.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown in the embodiment of this application, a method for controlling the temperature of a laser includes: Step 101: Obtain the operating parameters of the pump source component in the laser system, and based on the pump source current in the operating parameters, perform data query and interpolation calculation through a predefined current-heat mapping table to generate a predicted heat load value.

[0023] It should be noted that the operating parameters in the embodiments of this application include pump source current, actual temperature value and actual power value.

[0024] First, it is necessary to acquire the operating parameters of the core heat-generating component of the laser system, namely the pump source assembly, in real time. The pump source current is directly measured by a high-precision Hall current sensor installed in the pump source drive circuit. This current value directly represents the instantaneous electrical power injected into the pump source assembly and is the most critical feedforward signal for predicting its heat generation. The actual temperature value is collected by multiple thermistor sensors mounted on the heat sinks of each pump source, reflecting the real-time temperature status of each pump source assembly. The actual power value is obtained by monitoring a photodetector located in the laser output optical path and converting it through a calibration circuit, reflecting the final output performance of the laser system.

[0025] like Figure 2 As shown, the laser includes a laser system and a cooling system, with the cooling system responsible for providing necessary heat dissipation to the laser system. One cooling system uses a refrigerant circulation loop, while the other uses a water circulation loop. The laser system and the cooling system transmit data via a dedicated communication line.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, the laser system mainly includes a pump source assembly, an optical fiber assembly, and various sensor assemblies. The refrigerant circulation is used to dissipate heat from the pump source assembly, the water circulation is used to dissipate heat from the optical fiber assembly, and the power detection sensor can monitor the converted power value of the light in real time.

[0027] As Figure 4 shown, the refrigeration system mainly includes a compressor assembly, a fan assembly, a water tank assembly, a water tank heating assembly, an expansion valve assembly, etc. This system can output two heat circuits of refrigerant and water circulation simultaneously, and can provide two cooling circuits for the laser system.

[0028] In this embodiment, the current-heat mapping table is constructed in advance by combining a large number of experiments with theoretical calculations. During the R & D or calibration stage of the laser, by making the pump source work at multiple different and stable current values, and using a precise heat measurement device, such as a cold quantity measurement system composed of a flow meter and a high-precision temperature sensor, directly or indirectly measure the steady-state thermal power generated by the pump source assembly at this current. Establish a one-to-one correspondence between the discrete current values and the corresponding measured thermal power values. It should be noted that the actual power value is the actual power value, which refers to the thermal power and is different from the laser output optical power. Exemplarily, these pairs of current value-thermal power values are stored in the non-volatile memory of the laser or the refrigeration system controller in the form of a two-dimensional array data structure. This mapping table constitutes a knowledge base for the conversion from electrical quantities to thermal quantities. During the actual operation process, the system continuously reads the real-time pump source current in the operating parameters through a high-sampling-rate current sensing circuit. After this current signal is filtered and analog-to-digital converted, it becomes a digital quantity that can be processed by the control algorithm and serves as the input key value for querying the mapping table.

[0029] It can be understood that since the mapping table stores discrete data points and the real-time pump source current collected is continuously changing, the probability of directly and precisely matching a certain current value in the table is relatively low. After the system obtains the real-time pump source current value, it will compare it with all the current reference points stored in the mapping table array to find two similar current reference points. Among them, the current value of one reference point is less than or equal to the current real-time current value, and the current value of the other reference point is greater than or equal to the current real-time current value, and the two similar current reference points are the closest to the current value in the current-heat mapping table. For example, if the current is a certain value, and there are current values A and B in the mapping table, and A < current < B, and there is no other stored value between A and B, then A and B are the adjacent current reference points found, and the system will synchronously extract the actual power values corresponding to these two adjacent current reference points respectively.

[0030] After determining the adjacent points, the system needs to calculate the interpolation scaling factor. It should be noted that the interpolation scaling factor represents the relative position of the current real-time current value within the interval determined by these two adjacent current reference points. Specifically, the calculation of the interpolation scaling factor is usually based on the assumption of a linear relationship, and the formula is: Scaling factor = (Current current - Smaller adjacent current) / (Larger adjacent current - Smaller adjacent current). The interpolation scaling factor is a dimensionless number between 0 and 1. A value of 0 indicates that the current current is equal to the current at the smaller adjacent reference point, a value of 1 indicates that it is equal to the current at the larger adjacent reference point, and a value of 0.5 indicates that it is exactly midway between the two points.

[0031] After obtaining the interpolation scaling factor, the system performs a linear weighted summation of the two previously extracted adjacent actual power values. Specifically, the scaling factor is multiplied by the difference between the two adjacent actual power values, and then the product is added to the smaller of the two adjacent actual power values. The calculation formula is: Interpolated heat load value = Smaller actual power value + Scaling factor * (Larger actual power value - Smaller actual power value). For example, mathematically equivalent to finding the corresponding heat power ordinate on a line segment determined by adjacent reference points in a two-dimensional coordinate plane, using the specific current abscissa, thus achieving continuous numerical estimation between discrete data points.

[0032] Understandably, there will also exist a systematic baseline heat load value, representing the background heat load or system offset that may exist even when the pump source current is zero. Therefore, the final predicted heat load value is obtained by adding the calculated interpolated heat load value to the baseline heat load value. The final generated predicted heat load value is a physically meaningful power unit value, which is output to the downstream control logic module as a feedforward signal to pre-set the expected cooling capacity of the cooling system, thereby achieving rapid, smooth, and accurate prediction of the laser's heat generation dynamics.

[0033] In this embodiment, a mapping table of pump source current and generated heat is preset in the control system and is stored in the controller's flash memory in a two-dimensional array. The following is the current-heat mapping table.

[0034] Table 1 Current-Heat Mapping Table

[0035] The pump source current is transmitted to the cooling system via a communication system. The cooling system then uses a current-heat mapping table to convert the pump source current of the laser system's pump source components into the corresponding heat load value, allowing it to synchronize the cooling capacity to the corresponding rotational speed in advance. In the current-heat mapping table, the current between two adjacent current reference points is proportional to the heat generated. For example, when the current is 13.5A, the heat generated by the laser system is (6kW-5kW) / 2 + 5kW = 5.5kW. Conventional temperature control systems only begin dissipating heat when they detect an increase in the heat source temperature. However, this rotational speed control scheme can generate corresponding reverse heat dissipation as soon as heat is generated, improving the response speed of the temperature control system and enabling more precise temperature control.

[0036] Step 102: Based on the predicted heat load value and according to the working mode of the laser, generate a cooling control signal and send the cooling control signal to the actuator of the cooling system to control at least one of the compressor speed, expansion valve opening and fan speed.

[0037] It should be noted that the working modes in the embodiments of this application include rapid cooling mode, rapid heating mode and normal mode.

[0038] In this embodiment, when the laser's operating mode is determined to be rapid cooling mode, it indicates a sudden and significant increase in laser output power and a sharp rise in heat generation rate. For example, the processing command triggers a high-power pulse or a step increase in continuous wave power. Specifically, the system sets the core parameters of the control target based on the generated predicted heat load value. The rapid cooling control signal is a composite instruction set, mainly including a first compressor speed control instruction, a first expansion valve control instruction, and a first fan control instruction.

[0039] First, a first compressor speed control command is sent to the compressor driver of the refrigeration system. It should be noted that the preset first high speed is not a fixed value, but rather dynamically determined by looking up a table based on the predicted heat load. For example, the system has an internal mapping relationship that maps the predicted heat load value to the corresponding target compressor speed value. This speed value is set at the high end of the compressor's efficient operating range to ensure that it provides cooling capacity that matches or even slightly exceeds the predicted heat load. After the first compressor speed control command is issued, the compressor control system will drive the motor to quickly increase to the target speed.

[0040] Simultaneously, a control command for the first expansion valve is sent to the first expansion valve assembly, such as an electronic expansion valve, which controls the refrigerant flow to the pump source assembly. The core of this control command is to instruct the opening of the first expansion valve assembly to increase to its maximum allowable value, or to a high opening value specifically set for rapid cooling conditions. Understandably, the opening of the first expansion valve assembly directly determines the refrigerant flow rate into the pump source cold plate. Opening the first expansion valve assembly to its maximum opening eliminates flow path resistance, allowing the low-temperature refrigerant to flow through the heat source at maximum flow rate and speed, thereby maximizing the instantaneous heat transfer intensity and achieving impact cooling of the pump source core.

[0041] Simultaneously, a first fan control command is sent to the condenser fan assembly of the refrigeration system. The first fan control command requires the fan assembly speed to be controlled at its maximum rated speed. For example, the condenser fan assembly is used to accelerate the heat dissipation of the condenser. When its speed reaches its maximum, it can significantly improve the heat release efficiency of the refrigerant in the condenser, thereby ensuring that the entire refrigeration cycle can quickly dissipate heat at the high-pressure end, maintain high cooling capacity output, and support high-load operation of the compressor.

[0042] It is important to note that the aforementioned aggressive cooling strategy is not implemented in an open-loop manner. The system continuously monitors the pump source current (for cross-validation of the actual load) and the temperature of critical components, such as the refrigerant temperature flowing into the pump source cold plate. For example, if the refrigerant temperature is detected to be below a preset first threshold, it indicates that the current cooling capacity may be too strong, posing a risk of causing the pump source temperature to drop too low. It should be noted that the preset first threshold is typically set slightly above the ambient dew point temperature to prevent condensation on the pump source surface. In this case, the system automatically adjusts the first expansion valve control command, appropriately reducing the opening of the first expansion valve assembly. This feedback adjustment smooths the refrigerant flow, allowing the cooling intensity to transition from initial maximization to optimization, rapidly suppressing temperature rise while avoiding condensation or thermal stress problems caused by overcooling.

[0043] In this embodiment, the expansion valve assembly consists of two parts: a first expansion valve assembly for controlling the refrigerant cooling capacity opening, and a second expansion valve assembly for controlling the cooling capacity opening of the water tank assembly. Upon activation of the rapid cooling logic, the second expansion valve assembly immediately closes, while the first expansion valve assembly opens to its maximum opening, ensuring optimal cooling for the pump power unit.

[0044] To protect the cooling system, under all circumstances, the combined opening of the first expansion valve assembly and the second expansion valve assembly should be greater than 120°. Furthermore, when the optical module temperature exceeds 26°C, the second expansion valve assembly should be opened normally. When there is no laser output, the compressor assembly speed should be maintained at 20 rpm, while the first expansion valve assembly remains fully closed and the second expansion valve assembly remains fully open for pre-cooling. When the water tank temperature is below 20°C, the compressor assembly speed should be set to 0. After activating the rapid cooling logic, the fan assembly speed should be increased to 100% maximum speed.

[0045] In this embodiment, when the laser's operating mode is determined to be rapid heating mode, it typically corresponds to a sudden cessation of laser output, such as upon completion of processing or emergency shutdown. The pump source current rapidly drops to zero, and the heat source disappears. The objective at this point is no longer rapid heat dissipation, but rather preventing overcooling and managing energy.

[0046] Specifically, the system first generates control commands based on the predicted heat load value after the sudden drop (at which point the value is very small or zero). The rapid temperature rise control signal is also a composite command set, including a second compressor speed control command, a second expansion valve control command, and a second fan control command. The second compressor speed control command is sent to the compressor driver, with the goal of reducing the compressor speed to a second preset low-speed standby state. Understandably, due to the inertia of moving parts such as the compressor rotor, its speed cannot drop to zero instantaneously and requires a deceleration process. Setting a low-speed standby state serves two purposes: firstly, to allow the compressor to begin decelerating, reducing cooling capacity output; and secondly, to maintain a minimum cycle, providing a basis for subsequent cooling capacity transfer operations.

[0047] Next, the control command for the second expansion valve is sent to both the first and second expansion valves. At this point, the system does not immediately change the expansion valve state upon detecting zero current. Instead, it continuously checks within a predetermined delay whether the heat load (via pump source current or a direct predicted heat load value) remains below a preset low-level heat load threshold. This delayed judgment is to avoid falsely triggering a rapid heating process due to brief output fluctuations in the laser (such as the interval between intermittent pulses), ensuring that the laser has indeed entered a stable shutdown state.

[0048] After confirming that the conditions are met, the system generates a first expansion valve fully closed signal, which drives the first expansion valve assembly (usually an electronic expansion valve) to move its valve core to the fully closed position through the digital output port of the controller; at the same time, it generates a second expansion valve fully open signal, which drives the second expansion valve assembly to move to the maximum opening state through pulse modulation output and other methods.

[0049] The second expansion valve controls the refrigerant circuit flowing to the water tank assembly (or a secondary heat dissipation circuit). Through this operation, the limited residual cooling capacity generated by the refrigeration system (especially the compressor still running at low speed) no longer flows to the pump source cooling plate, which is no longer under heat load, but is instead entirely guided to the water tank assembly. The water in the tank, due to its high specific heat capacity, can act as a highly efficient cooling capacity storage pool, storing this portion of the cooling capacity. This avoids the waste of valuable cooling capacity and fundamentally eliminates the risk of the refrigerant continuously cooling the pump source, causing its temperature to drop too quickly below the dew point, thus solving the core problems of overcooling and condensation.

[0050] To ensure accurate execution of control actions, the system also collects valve opening feedback data from the expansion valve assembly in real time, such as position feedback from the potentiometer inside the valve or the stepper motor. The system compares this feedback data with the expected settings (i.e., fully closed and fully open) to verify whether the actual states of the first and second expansion valve assemblies meet the control command requirements.

[0051] Simultaneously, control commands for the second fan are sent to the condenser fan, controlling the condenser fan assembly to operate at zero speed or the lowest maintenance speed. For example, in rapid heating mode, one of the system's goals is to reduce unnecessary heat loss, helping the laser system (especially the pump source area) maintain a certain temperature and slowing its cooling rate. Shutting down or reducing the fan assembly to extremely low speeds significantly reduces forced convection heat dissipation through the condenser, thereby lowering the overall cooling system's heat dissipation efficiency, thus providing insulation. This, in conjunction with the strategy of closing the first expansion valve and opening the second expansion valve, helps stabilize the pump source temperature and prevent temperature instability and drops.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the laser system has completed its operation or is in standby mode with no output for an extended period, the system can enter a pre-cooling storage mode. The purpose of this mode is to pre-store cooling capacity during system idle periods using low energy consumption, preparing for the next potentially high-load operation while simultaneously achieving energy savings. Specifically, the system continuously monitors the pump source current to zero. When it determines that the laser system is in a stable, no-output state, a pre-cooling storage trigger signal is generated. Based on this signal, the system first generates a compressor low-speed signal, controlling the compressor to maintain a minimum operating speed. This minimum speed is only used to overcome system circulation resistance and maintain extremely low refrigerant flow; its power consumption is extremely low, and its main purpose is to keep the refrigeration system online and allow for rapid upgrades at any time.

[0053] Next, the system generates a first expansion valve closing signal, causing the first expansion valve assembly to be fully closed and cutting off the refrigerant flow path to the pump source cold plate; simultaneously, it generates a second expansion valve fully opening signal, causing the second expansion valve assembly to be at its maximum opening. At this time, the small amount of cooling energy generated by the lowest speed compressor will be completely introduced into the water tank assembly through the fully open second expansion valve to continuously and slowly cool the water in the tank, i.e., pre-cooling.

[0054] The system monitors the water tank temperature in real time. When the water tank temperature drops to a preset threshold, it indicates that the cold storage has reached the expected target. It's important to note that this preset threshold is designed to ensure sufficient cold storage capacity while maintaining a safe lower temperature range. At this point, the system generates a compressor shutdown signal, setting the compressor speed to zero and completely stopping it, thus maximizing energy savings. Simultaneously, the system records and stores current cold storage data, such as water tank temperature and cold storage time. This data can be used to optimize the next startup strategy or assess the system's status. Through this mode, the system completes cold storage with minimal energy consumption during idle periods, significantly improving its response speed and capability when facing rapid temperature drops again.

[0055] In this embodiment, when the refrigeration system detects a current of 0, it immediately sets the compressor assembly speed to a low-speed standby state. Since the compressor assembly needs to decelerate slowly, it continuously checks if the current remains 0 for 5 seconds. If so, it directly closes the opening of the first expansion valve assembly and simultaneously sets the opening of the second expansion valve assembly to its maximum. This ensures that the compressor assembly provides cooling capacity to the water tank assembly for cooling buffering during deceleration, thereby preventing the pump source from rapidly losing temperature. When the refrigeration system is in a rapid temperature rise condition, the fan assembly speed is set to 0 to ensure the entire system maintains a certain insulation effect and reduces temperature loss.

[0056] Step 103: Calculate the current fine-tuning coefficient based on the difference between the target temperature value and the actual temperature value in the heat load prediction value, and perform overall current compensation based on the difference between the power setting value and the actual power value in the heat load prediction value, outputting the independent current adjustment value and the total current adjustment value for each pump source component.

[0057] In this embodiment, to achieve precise and independent temperature control for each pump source component, an independent temperature control loop is first set up for each pump source component in the laser system. It is understood that each pump source component is equipped with a dedicated temperature sensor, such as a negative temperature coefficient thermistor mounted close to its heat sink, thus forming an independent monitoring and control channel with that pump source as the controlled object. A common target temperature value is set for all independent temperature control loops. This value is typically determined based on the laser's optimal operating temperature range, reliability requirements (such as preventing condensation), and material properties; it represents the ideal temperature point that the system expects all pump sources to eventually reach and stabilize at.

[0058] Specifically, the system acquires the actual temperature value of each pump source component in real time. This value is a digital quantity obtained by processing the temperature sensor signal of the corresponding loop through signal conditioning, analog-to-digital conversion, and calibration. Subsequently, the system calculates the difference between the actual temperature value of each pump source component and a unified target temperature value; this is the individual temperature deviation. For example, if the actual temperature of a pump source is higher than the target temperature, its individual temperature deviation is positive; otherwise, it is negative. This deviation directly reflects the degree to which the current temperature state of the pump source deviates from the ideal state.

[0059] Next, the system uses a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm to handle the individual temperature deviation of each pump source component. The system configures an independent digital PID controller for the temperature control loop of each pump source. The input to this PID algorithm is the individual temperature deviation calculated in real time. The PID controller contains three basic control actions: the proportional term provides an immediate, proportional response to the current deviation value; the larger the deviation, the stronger the output regulation. The integral term responds to the historical value of the deviation accumulated over time, used to eliminate persistent static errors, ensuring the temperature eventually stabilizes at the target value without steady-state error. The derivative term responds to the rate of change of the deviation, predicting future trends and applying suppression in advance, thereby improving the system's dynamic response and reducing overshoot and oscillation. After comprehensive calculation by the PID algorithm, an individual current fine-tuning coefficient for that specific pump source is output. This coefficient is typically a dimensionless multiplier factor, with its value fluctuating around 1. For example, when the temperature of a pump source is too high, its PID output may cause the individual current fine-tuning coefficient to be slightly less than 1. Or, under certain control logic, the fine-tuning current may indirectly affect its heating or operating state, causing the temperature to return to normal, thus allowing the theoretical current of the pump source to be finely adjusted downwards in subsequent calculations. Conversely, when the temperature is too low, it will be finely adjusted upwards. In this way, the system generates a personalized adjustment parameter for each pump source that is related to its own temperature state in real time.

[0060] In this embodiment, after completing individual fine-tuning based on temperature, the system also needs to perform overall calibration based on output power. First, the power setpoint implied in the predicted heat load needs to be determined. It should be noted that the power setpoint is typically associated with the user-set laser output power or the target power value generated by the system according to processing requirements, representing the laser's desired final optical power output target. Simultaneously, the system acquires the actual laser power value in real time using a photodetector, calculates the difference between the power setpoint and the actual power value, and obtains the power difference. This power difference reflects the deviation between the laser's current actual output performance and the desired target.

[0061] The system then handles power differences using a separate proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control algorithm, with the real-time power difference as the input to the PID controller. The proportional term reacts to the instantaneous magnitude of the power difference, the integral term eliminates systematic, long-term power output errors, and the derivative term responds to the rate of power change. The output of the PID controller is used to generate the overall current compensation coefficient for the laser system, which is also a global multiplier. When the actual power is lower than the set power, the overall current compensation coefficient is greater than 1, aiming to increase laser output by increasing the total drive current of the system; when the actual power is higher than the set power, the coefficient is less than 1, appropriately reducing the total current to prevent overshoot. The overall current compensation coefficient ensures that the laser output power can accurately track the set value over a long period, overcoming power drift caused by factors such as pump source aging and changes in optical device efficiency.

[0062] Finally, the system integrates individual fine-tuning and overall compensation to calculate the final command for each pump source component. First, based on the overall current compensation coefficient, the total current adjustment value corresponding to the laser system is calculated. Specifically, the preset theoretical current value, calculated based on the target power value or obtained from a table lookup, is multiplied by the overall current compensation coefficient to obtain the total current adjustment value, which represents the total current reference that the system should use under the current power calibration requirements.

[0063] For each pump source component, a preset theoretical operating current value is obtained, typically allocated equally by the system based on the total power requirement and the number of pump sources. This theoretical operating current value is then multiplied by the individual current fine-tuning coefficient of the corresponding pump source component, incorporating personalized adjustments for its own temperature state. Next, the result is multiplied by the calculated overall current compensation coefficient, incorporating global calibration based on the system's total output power. Through this series of multiplications, the independent current adjustment value for each pump source component is finally obtained. It is understood that the sum of the independent current adjustment values ​​of all pump source components should theoretically be consistent with or very close to the total current adjustment value. The system ultimately outputs the independent current adjustment values ​​to their respective pump source drivers for execution, while also outputting the total current adjustment value for system monitoring. This not only achieves precise temperature balance among multiple pump sources but also ensures long-term high stability of laser output power, significantly improving the overall performance and reliability of the laser.

[0064] The above are embodiments of the method proposed in this application. Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of this application also provide a temperature control device for a laser, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 5 As shown.

[0065] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a temperature control device for a laser, provided as an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 As shown, the device includes: At least one processor; And, a memory that is communicatively connected to at least one processor; The memory stores instructions that can be executed by at least one processor, and the instructions, when executed by at least one processor, enable at least one processor to: The system acquires the operating parameters of the pump source component in the laser system, and based on the pump source current in the operating parameters, performs data query and interpolation calculation through a predefined current-heat mapping table to generate a predicted heat load value; the operating parameters include pump source current, actual temperature value, and actual power value; Based on the predicted heat load and the laser's operating mode, a cooling control signal is generated and sent to the actuators of the cooling system to control at least one of the following: compressor speed, expansion valve opening, and fan speed; the operating modes include rapid cooling mode, rapid heating mode, and normal mode. The current fine-tuning coefficient is calculated based on the difference between the target temperature value in the heat load forecast and the actual temperature value. Overall current compensation is performed based on the difference between the power setpoint in the heat load forecast and the actual power value. The independent current adjustment value and the total current adjustment value of each pump source component are output.

[0066] This application also provides a non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, can: The system acquires the operating parameters of the pump source component in the laser system, and based on the pump source current in the operating parameters, performs data query and interpolation calculation through a predefined current-heat mapping table to generate a predicted heat load value; the operating parameters include pump source current, actual temperature value, and actual power value; Based on the predicted heat load and the laser's operating mode, a cooling control signal is generated and sent to the actuators of the cooling system to control at least one of the following: compressor speed, expansion valve opening, and fan speed; the operating modes include rapid cooling mode, rapid heating mode, and normal mode. The current fine-tuning coefficient is calculated based on the difference between the target temperature value in the heat load forecast and the actual temperature value. Overall current compensation is performed based on the difference between the power setpoint in the heat load forecast and the actual power value. The independent current adjustment value and the total current adjustment value of each pump source component are output.

[0067] The various embodiments in this application are described in a progressive manner. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, the device and medium embodiments are basically similar to the method embodiments, so the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the description of the method embodiments.

[0068] The devices and media provided in this application are one-to-one with the methods. Therefore, the devices and media also have similar beneficial technical effects as their corresponding methods. Since the beneficial technical effects of the methods have been described in detail above, the beneficial technical effects of the devices and media will not be repeated here.

[0069] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0070] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0071] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0072] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0073] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPU), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0074] Memory may include non-persistent storage in computer-readable media, such as random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory, such as read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. Memory is an example of computer-readable media.

[0075] Computer-readable media includes both permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can store information using any method or technology. Information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, modules of programs, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase-change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technologies, CD-ROM, digital versatile optical disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transferable medium that can be used to store information accessible by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transient computer-readable media, such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0076] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Unless otherwise specified, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes that element.

[0077] The above are merely embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A temperature control method of a laser, characterized by, The method includes: The operating parameters of the pump source component in the laser system are obtained, and based on the pump source current in the operating parameters, data query and interpolation calculation are performed through a predefined current-heat mapping table to generate a predicted heat load value; the operating parameters include pump source current, actual temperature value and actual power value; Based on the predicted heat load and according to the laser's operating mode, a cooling control signal is generated and sent to the actuator of the cooling system to control at least one of the compressor speed, expansion valve opening, and fan speed; the operating mode includes rapid cooling mode, rapid heating mode, and normal mode. The current fine-tuning coefficient is calculated based on the difference between the target temperature value in the predicted heat load and the actual temperature value. Overall current compensation is performed based on the difference between the power setting value in the predicted heat load and the actual power value. The independent current adjustment value and the total current adjustment value of each pump source component are output. Based on the predicted heat load and according to the laser's operating mode, a cooling control signal is generated and sent to the actuator of the cooling system to control at least one of the following: compressor speed, expansion valve opening, and fan speed. Specifically, this includes: When the laser is in rapid heating mode, a rapid heating control signal is generated based on the predicted heat load value; the rapid heating control signal includes a second compressor speed control command, a second expansion valve control command, and a second fan control command. The second compressor speed control command is sent to the compressor assembly of the refrigeration system to reduce the compressor assembly speed to a second preset low speed standby state based on the predicted heat load value. The second expansion valve control command is sent to the first expansion valve assembly and the second expansion valve assembly of the refrigerant in the refrigeration system. After confirming that the heat load is continuously lower than the preset low-level heat load threshold within a predetermined delay time, the opening of the first expansion valve assembly is reduced to the closed state, and the opening of the second expansion valve assembly is increased to the maximum value, so as to guide the remaining cooling capacity of the refrigeration system to the water tank assembly for storage. The second fan control command is sent to the fan assembly of the cooling system to control the fan assembly speed to zero speed or minimum speed in order to reduce the heat loss of the laser system. Based on the difference between the power setpoint in the predicted heat load and the actual power value, overall current compensation is performed, outputting independent current adjustment values ​​for each pump source component and a total current adjustment value, specifically including: Determine the power setpoint in the predicted heat load and calculate the power difference between the power setpoint and the actual power value; The power difference is processed by a proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm to generate the overall current compensation coefficient of the laser system; Based on the overall current compensation coefficient, the total current adjustment value corresponding to the laser system is calculated, and based on the preset theoretical operating current value of each pump source component and the corresponding individual current fine-tuning coefficient, the actual operating current command of each pump source component after fine-tuning compensation is obtained.

2. The temperature control method of a laser as claimed in claim 1, wherein Based on the pump source current in the operating parameters, a heat load prediction value is generated by querying and interpolating data through a predefined current-heat mapping table, specifically including: A current-heat mapping table is established, and the pump source current in the operating parameters is read; the current-heat mapping table stores the correlation between multiple current values ​​and corresponding actual power values ​​in the form of a two-dimensional array; Based on the pump source current, access the current heat map table to extract adjacent current reference points and the actual power values ​​corresponding to the adjacent current reference points in the current heat map table, and calculate the interpolation ratio coefficient based on the position of the pump source current between the adjacent current reference points. The interpolation ratio coefficient is applied to the weighted sum of adjacent actual power values ​​to generate an interpolated heat load value. The interpolated heat load value is then superimposed with the reference heat load value to generate the predicted heat load value corresponding to the pump source current.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the laser is controlled by the controller based on the temperature of the laser and the temperature of the cooling system. Based on the predicted heat load and according to the laser's operating mode, a cooling control signal is generated and sent to the actuator of the cooling system to control at least one of the following: compressor speed, expansion valve opening, and fan speed. Specifically, this includes: When the laser is in rapid cooling mode, a rapid cooling control signal is generated based on the predicted heat load value; the rapid cooling control signal includes a first compressor speed control command, a first expansion valve control command, and a first fan control command. The first compressor speed control command is sent to the compressor assembly of the refrigeration system to increase the compressor assembly speed to a preset first high speed based on the predicted heat load value; The first expansion valve control command is sent to the first expansion valve assembly of the refrigerant in the refrigeration system to increase the opening of the first expansion valve assembly controlling the flow of refrigerant to the pump source assembly to the maximum value; The first fan control command is sent to the fan assembly of the refrigeration system to control the fan assembly speed to the maximum speed; When executing the rapid cooling control signal, the pump source current and the temperature of key components are continuously monitored. When the temperature of the refrigerant flowing to the pump source component is detected to be lower than the first threshold, the control command of the first expansion valve is adjusted to reduce the opening of the first expansion valve.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the laser is controlled by the controller based on the temperature of the laser and the temperature of the cooling system. Based on the predicted heat load and according to the laser's operating mode, after generating a cooling control signal, the method further includes: Real-time monitoring of whether the pump source current drops to zero, recording the duration of the zero pump source current, comparing the duration with a predetermined time threshold, and generating a condition met signal; Based on the condition met signal, a first expansion valve fully closed signal is generated, which drives the first expansion valve assembly to the closed state through the controller digital output port, and a second expansion valve fully open signal is generated, which drives the second expansion valve assembly to the maximum opening state through pulse output; Real-time valve body opening feedback data is collected, and the status of the first expansion valve assembly and the second expansion valve assembly is verified based on the valve body opening feedback data to see if they meet the expected settings.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the laser is controlled by the controller based on the temperature of the laser and the temperature of the cooling system. The current fine-tuning coefficient is calculated based on the difference between the target temperature value in the predicted heat load and the actual temperature value, specifically including: An independent temperature control loop is set for each pump source component in the laser system, and the same target temperature value is set for each temperature control loop; For each pump source component, the actual temperature value of the pump source component is acquired in real time, and the individual temperature deviation between the actual temperature value and the target temperature value is calculated. The individual temperature deviation of each pump source component is processed by the proportional-integral-derivative control algorithm, and the individual current fine-tuning coefficient of the corresponding pump source component is output.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the laser is controlled by the controller based on the temperature of the laser and the temperature of the cooling system. Based on the predicted heat load and according to the laser's operating mode, after generating a cooling control signal, the method further includes: When the laser system has no output, the pump source current is monitored to be zero, a pre-cooling trigger signal is generated, and based on the pre-cooling trigger signal, a compressor low-speed signal is generated to control the compressor to maintain at the lowest speed. A first expansion valve closing signal is generated to put the first expansion valve assembly in a fully closed state, and a second expansion valve fully opening signal is generated to put the second expansion valve assembly in a maximum opening state; The water tank temperature value is acquired in real time. When the water tank temperature value is lower than the preset water tank temperature threshold, a compressor shutdown signal is generated to set the compressor speed to zero and store the cooling capacity buffer data.

7. A temperature control device for a laser, characterized in that, The device includes: At least one processor; And, a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor; The memory stores instructions that can be executed by the at least one processor, which, when executed by the at least one processor, enables the at least one processor to perform a temperature control method for a laser as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. A non-volatile computer storage medium storing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, When the computer-executable instructions are executed, a method for temperature control of a laser as described in any one of claims 1-6 is implemented.

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