Communication method and device, computer readable storage medium and program product

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a communication method and device, a computer readable storage medium and a program product, and relates to the technical field of communication, and the method comprises the steps that an A-IoT device receives first information, and the first information is used for indicating the A-IoT device to initiate random access; sending the first message on the K transmission resources; the K transmission resources occupy M time domain units, the M time domain units belong to a first inventory period, both K and M are positive integers, and K is greater than or equal to M. According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention, when the A-IoT equipment initiates the random access, the first message can be sent on one or more transmission resources, so that the probability that a reader-writer successfully receives the first message can be increased, and the access success rate of the A-IoT equipment is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a communication method, apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, and program product. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of communication technology, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) defined the Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) technology. Based on cellular network communication infrastructure, A-IoT consists of readers (such as base stations and user equipment (UE)) and A-IoT devices (i.e., terminals in the cellular network, which can be understood as extremely low-power, extremely low-complexity IoT terminals).

[0003] In existing A-IoT systems, when multiple A-IoT devices are within the effective range of a reader and attempt to initiate random access, the first messages sent by different A-IoT devices may conflict. This conflict can cause the reader to fail to receive the first message from the A-IoT device, thereby reducing the access success rate of A-IoT devices.

[0004] Therefore, improving the success rate of A-IoT devices sending the first message has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a communication method, apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, and program product in several aspects, which can effectively improve the access success rate of A-IoT devices.

[0006] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a communication method, the method comprising:

[0007] Receive first information, which is used to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate random access;

[0008] Send the first message on K transmission resources; the K transmission resources occupy M time domain units, the M time domain units belong to the first inventory cycle, K and M are both positive integers, K≥M.

[0009] In the above communication method, when an A-IoT device initiates random access, it can send a first message on one or more transmission resources, thereby increasing the probability that the reader will successfully receive the first message and effectively improving the access success rate of the A-IoT device.

[0010] In some implementations, the value of K is carried in the first information.

[0011] In this implementation, since the value of K is indicated by the reader, the reader can dynamically adjust the value of K according to the actual situation to improve the access success rate of A-IoT devices.

[0012] In some implementations, K is a preset value.

[0013] In this implementation, since K is a preset value, the reader does not need to send the specific value of K each time a random access procedure is triggered, thereby simplifying network signaling and reducing signaling overhead.

[0014] In some implementations, the first information includes first indication information, which is used to instruct the A-IoT device to send a first message using a first transmission mode; the first transmission mode is a transmission mode in which the A-IoT device sends the first message on K transmission resources.

[0015] In this embodiment, when the first information instructs the A-IoT device to initiate random access, it instructs the A-IoT device to send a first message on K transmission resources, thereby enabling flexible management of the transmission mode of the A-IoT device; or, after receiving the first information, the A-IoT device can autonomously send a first message according to its preset K value, increasing the autonomy and flexibility of the A-IoT device.

[0016] In some implementations, the first information includes the number of time-domain unit groups within the first inventory cycle, and / or the number of time-domain units within a time-domain unit group; the M time-domain units belong to the same time-domain unit group.

[0017] In this implementation, by dividing the time-domain units in the first inventory cycle into multiple time-domain unit groups, when an A-IoT device initiates random access, it can send a first message on one or more transmission resources within a time-domain unit group, and subsequently listen for a second message based on that time-domain unit group, which can effectively reduce the access latency of the A-IoT device.

[0018] In some implementations, the first message includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0019] In this implementation, by indicating the positions of the aforementioned M time-domain units, the reader can determine the time-domain position of the first message sent by the A-IoT device based on the positions of the aforementioned M time-domain units, thereby reducing the complexity of receiving data.

[0020] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields, each of which is used to indicate the position of the M time-domain units.

[0021] In this embodiment, the positions of the M time-domain units can be indicated by the M sub-indication fields in the indication field, which is beneficial for the reader to directly determine the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0022] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields. One sub-indication field is used to indicate the position of the first time domain unit among the M time domain units, and the remaining M-1 sub-indication fields are used to indicate the offset values ​​of the positions of the other time domain units among the M time domain units, excluding the first time domain unit, relative to the position of the first time domain unit.

[0023] In this embodiment, after the position of the first time domain unit is directly indicated by a sub-indication domain of the indication domain, the position of the remaining time domain units only needs to be indicated by the offset value, which helps to reduce the amount of information in the second indication information and reduce communication overhead.

[0024] In some embodiments, the above indication information includes an indication field, which includes N bits, each bit corresponding to a time domain unit within the time domain unit group; the value of the bit is used to indicate whether the time domain unit corresponding to the bit is used to send the first message; N is the number of time domain units within the time domain unit group.

[0025] In this embodiment, the usage status of N time-domain units is indicated by N bits in the indicator field, which is simple and direct and can effectively reduce the complexity of the second indicator information.

[0026] In some implementations, the first information includes the number of transmission bandwidth groups within the occupied bandwidth, and / or the number of transmission bandwidths within the transmission bandwidth groups; the K transmission resources correspond to Z transmission bandwidths; the Z transmission bandwidths are located in the same transmission bandwidth group; Z is a positive integer, and K≥Z.

[0027] In this implementation, by dividing the occupied bandwidth into multiple transmission bandwidth groups, frequency domain resources can be managed and allocated more precisely. When an A-IoT device initiates random access, it can flexibly select transmission resources within the specified transmission bandwidth group based on the first information to obtain frequency domain gain.

[0028] In some implementations, the first message includes third indication information, which indicates the location of the Z transmission bandwidths.

[0029] In this embodiment, by indicating the location of the Z transmission bandwidths through the third indication information in the first message, the reader can quickly determine the frequency domain location of the first message sent by the A-IoT device based on the location of the Z transmission bandwidths, thereby reducing the complexity of receiving data.

[0030] In some embodiments, the above method further includes:

[0031] Listen for the second message within the first time window; the start position of the first time window is the end position of the first time domain unit group, and the end position of the first time window is the start position of the second time domain unit group; wherein, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are time domain unit groups within the first inventory cycle, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are adjacent, and any time domain unit in the first time domain unit group precedes any time domain unit in the second time domain unit group; the aforementioned M time domain units belong to the first time domain unit group.

[0032] In this implementation, by listening to the second message within the first time window, the latency of random access of A-IoT devices can be effectively reduced.

[0033] In some implementations, the first message includes a random number identifier for the A-IoT device; the method further includes:

[0034] Receive a second message; the second message includes a random number identifier of at least one A-IoT device; and / or, transmission resource configuration information of the at least one A-IoT device.

[0035] In this implementation, by carrying the random number identifier of an A-IoT device and / or transmission resource configuration information in the same second message, the accuracy of resource configuration can be improved and the signaling overhead can be reduced.

[0036] Secondly, embodiments of this application provide a communication method, the method comprising:

[0037] Send a first message, which instructs at least one A-IoT device to initiate random access.

[0038] Receive the first message sent by any one of the at least one A-IoT devices on K transmission resources; the K transmission resources occupy M time domain units, the M time domain units belong to the first inventory cycle, K and M are both positive integers, K≥M.

[0039] In the above communication method, the reader can receive the first message sent by the A-IoT device on one or more transmission resources, thereby increasing the probability that the reader can successfully receive the first message and effectively improving the access success rate of the A-IoT device.

[0040] In some implementations, the value of K is carried in the first information.

[0041] In this implementation, the reader can dynamically adjust the value of K according to the actual situation to improve the access success rate of A-IoT devices.

[0042] In some implementations, K is a preset value.

[0043] In this implementation, since K is a preset value in the A-IoT device, the reader does not need to send the specific value of K each time a random access process is triggered, thereby simplifying network signaling and reducing signaling overhead.

[0044] In some implementations, the first information includes first indication information, which is used to instruct the A-IoT device to send a first message using a first transmission mode; the first transmission mode is a transmission mode in which the A-IoT device sends the first message on K transmission resources.

[0045] In this embodiment, when instructing the A-IoT device to initiate random access, the aforementioned first information carries the value of K and instructs the A-IoT device to send the first message on K transmission resources; or, it instructs the A-IoT device to send the first message on K transmission resources according to the K value preset by the A-IoT device, thereby enabling flexible management of the transmission mode of the A-IoT device.

[0046] In some implementations, sending the first information includes:

[0047] If no first message is received from one or more A-IoT devices in the second inventory cycle, the first message is sent in the first inventory cycle; wherein the second inventory cycle is prior to the first inventory cycle.

[0048] In this embodiment, during the first inventory cycle, the reader can send the first information only to A-IoT devices that failed to send the first message during the second inventory cycle, thereby reducing the probability of conflict between the first messages sent by different A-IoT devices.

[0049] In some implementations, the first information includes the number of time-domain unit groups within the first inventory cycle, and / or the number of time-domain units within a time-domain unit group; the M time-domain units belong to the same time-domain unit group.

[0050] In this embodiment, by dividing the time-domain unit in the first inventory cycle into multiple time-domain unit groups, the reader can receive the first message sent by the A-IoT device on one or more transmission resources within a time-domain unit group, and then send the second message to the A-IoT device based on the time-domain unit group, thereby effectively reducing the access latency of the A-IoT device.

[0051] In some implementations, the first message includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0052] In this implementation, the reader can accurately determine the positions of the aforementioned M time-domain units through the second instruction information, thereby determining the time-domain position of the first message sent by the A-IoT device and reducing the complexity of receiving data.

[0053] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields, each of which is used to indicate the position of the M time-domain units.

[0054] In this embodiment, the positions of the M time-domain units can be indicated by the M sub-indication fields in the indication field, which is beneficial for the reader to directly determine the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0055] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields. One sub-indication field is used to indicate the position of the first time domain unit among the M time domain units, and the remaining M-1 sub-indication fields are used to indicate the offset values ​​of the positions of the other time domain units among the M time domain units, excluding the first time domain unit, relative to the position of the first time domain unit.

[0056] In this embodiment, after the reader determines the position of the first time domain unit directly through a sub-indication domain of the indication domain, it can determine the position of the remaining time domain units only through the offset value, which helps to reduce the amount of data processing by the reader.

[0057] In some implementations, the above indication information includes an indication field, which includes N bits, each bit corresponding to a time domain unit within a time domain unit group; the value of the bit is used to indicate whether the time domain unit corresponding to the bit is used to send the first message; N is the number of time domain units within the time domain unit group.

[0058] In this embodiment, the reader can determine the usage status of N time-domain units by using N bits in the indicator field. This method is simple and direct, and can effectively reduce the difficulty for the reader to identify the positions of the aforementioned M time-domain units.

[0059] In some implementations, the first information includes the number of transmission bandwidth groups within the occupied bandwidth, and / or the number of transmission bandwidths within the transmission bandwidth groups; the K transmission resources correspond to Z transmission bandwidths; the Z transmission bandwidths are located in the same transmission bandwidth group; Z is a positive integer, and K≥Z.

[0060] In this implementation, the reader can manage and allocate frequency domain resources more precisely by dividing the occupied bandwidth into multiple transmission bandwidth groups.

[0061] In some implementations, the first message includes third indication information, which is used to indicate the location of the Z transmission bandwidths.

[0062] In this embodiment, the reader can determine the location of the aforementioned Z transmission bandwidths through the third indication information in the first message, thereby determining the frequency domain location of the first message sent by the A-IoT device and reducing the complexity of receiving data.

[0063] In some embodiments, the above method further includes:

[0064] The second message is sent within the first time window; the starting position of the first time window is the ending position of the first time domain unit group, and the ending position of the first time window is the starting position of the second time domain unit group; wherein, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are time domain unit groups within the first inventory cycle, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are adjacent, and any time domain unit in the first time domain unit group precedes any time domain unit in the second time domain unit group; the aforementioned M time domain units belong to the first time domain unit group.

[0065] In this implementation, by sending the second message within the first time window, the latency of random access of A-IoT devices can be effectively reduced.

[0066] In some implementations, the first message includes a random number identifier for the A-IoT device; the method further includes:

[0067] Send a second message, which includes a random number identifier of at least one A-IoT device; and / or, transmission resource configuration information of the at least one A-IoT device.

[0068] In this implementation, by carrying the random number identifier of an A-IoT device and / or transmission resource configuration information in the same second message, the accuracy of resource configuration can be improved and the signaling overhead can be reduced.

[0069] Thirdly, this application provides a communication device for use in A-IoT devices, the device comprising:

[0070] A receiving module is used to receive first information, which instructs an A-IoT device to initiate random access.

[0071] The sending module is used to send the first message on K transmission resources; the K transmission resources occupy M time domain units, the M time domain units belong to the first inventory cycle, K and M are both positive integers, and K≥M.

[0072] Through the aforementioned communication device, when an A-IoT device initiates random access, it can send a first message on one or more transmission resources, thereby increasing the probability that the reader will successfully receive the first message and effectively improving the access success rate of the A-IoT device.

[0073] Fourthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device applied to a reader / writer, the device comprising:

[0074] The sending module is used to send first information, which is used to instruct at least one A-IoT device to initiate random access.

[0075] The receiving module is used to receive a first message sent by any one of the at least one A-IoT devices on K transmission resources; the K transmission resources occupy M time domain units, the M time domain units belong to the first inventory cycle, K and M are both positive integers, and K≥M.

[0076] Through the aforementioned communication device, the reader can receive the first message sent by the A-IoT device on one or more transmission resources, thereby increasing the probability of the reader successfully receiving the first message and effectively improving the access success rate of the A-IoT device.

[0077] Fifthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication system, including a reader and an A-IoT device; the reader is used to execute any of the communication methods provided in the second aspect above, and the A-IoT device is used to execute any of the communication methods provided in the first aspect above.

[0078] Sixthly, embodiments of this application provide a communication device, including: a processor and a memory;

[0079] The processor and the memory are interconnected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, which includes program instructions, and the processor calls the program instructions to implement the communication method provided in the first or second aspect.

[0080] In a seventh aspect, embodiments of this application provide a chip including a processor and an interface, wherein the processor and the interface are coupled; the interface is used to receive or output signals, and the processor is used to execute code instructions to implement the communication method provided in the first or second aspect.

[0081] Eighthly, embodiments of this application provide a module device, which includes a communication module, a power module, a storage module, and a chip module, wherein:

[0082] The power module is used to provide electrical energy to the aforementioned module devices;

[0083] Storage modules are used to store data and / or instructions;

[0084] The communication module is used to communicate with external devices;

[0085] The chip module is used to call the data and / or instructions stored in the aforementioned storage module, and in conjunction with the aforementioned communication module, to implement the communication method provided in the first or second aspect.

[0086] In a ninth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the communication method provided in the first or second aspect.

[0087] In a tenth aspect, embodiments of this application provide a computer program product, including a computer program that, when run, causes a computer to perform the communication method provided in the first or second aspect.

[0088] The communication method, apparatus, computer-readable storage medium, and program product provided in this application embodiment enable A-IoT devices to send a first message on one or more transmission resources when initiating random access, thereby increasing the probability that the reader will successfully receive the first message and effectively improving the access success rate of A-IoT devices. Attached Figure Description

[0089] Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of a network topology 1 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0090] Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of a network topology 2 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0091] Figure 1c This is a schematic diagram of a network topology 3 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0092] Figure 1d This is a schematic diagram of another network topology 3 provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0093] Figure 1e This is a schematic diagram of a network topology 4 provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0094] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of an inventory process provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0095] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an inventory process provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2;

[0096] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0097] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0098] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0099] Figure 7 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0100] Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0101] Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 ;

[0102] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the distribution of transmission resources provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0103] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of transmission resource usage provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0104] Figure 11a This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of a time-domain unit group provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0105] Figure 11b This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of a time-domain unit group provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0106] Figure 11c This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of a time-domain unit group provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0107] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of a transmission resource provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0108] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the division of a transmission bandwidth group as provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0109] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of a time-domain unit group provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 ;

[0110] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the first time window described in the embodiments of this application;

[0111] Figure 16 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 ;

[0112] Figure 17 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 ;

[0113] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0114] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another communication device provided in the embodiments of this application;

[0115] Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another communication device provided in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0116] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the terms "exemplary" or "for example" are used in the embodiments of this application to indicate that they are examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be construed as being more preferred or advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of terms such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a specific manner.

[0117] In the embodiments of this application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish identical or similar items with essentially the same function and effect. For example, "first instruction information" and "second instruction information" are used only to distinguish different instruction information and do not limit their order. Those skilled in the art will understand that terms such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and that terms such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily imply that they are different.

[0118] In this application embodiment, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A alone, A and B simultaneously, or B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc.

[0119] To facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, some terms and technologies involved in the embodiments of this application will be briefly introduced below:

[0120] I. Ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT)

[0121] A-IoT, also known as passive Internet of Things, offers lower power consumption and lower cost compared to narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) within the 3GPP standard framework. In non-3GPP frameworks, A-IoT targets the market demand for radio frequency identification (RFID), providing comparable and even more advantageous technical solutions.

[0122] The demand for A-IoT stems from addressing scenarios not covered by current 3GPP technologies, such as the following three scenarios:

[0123] 1) Under extreme environmental conditions, such as high pressure, extremely high / low temperature, and humid environments.

[0124] 2) Scenarios such as ultra-low complexity, very small device size / shape factor (e.g., thickness in millimeters), maintenance-free (e.g., traditional batteries that do not require device replacement) and longer life cycle.

[0125] 3) Device scenarios where traditional battery-powered devices are not applicable.

[0126] A-IoT can provide IoT services and features characteristics such as battery-free operation, low power consumption, low complexity, low cost, small size, and long lifespan. Compared to traditional IoT technologies, an A-IoT system includes A-IoT devices and readers. For example, a reader can also be called an interrogator. For example, an A-IoT device can also be called an A-IoT terminal, A-IoTUE, or a device with A-IoT functionality identified by a tag.

[0127] A-IoT devices are powered by energy harvesting and can operate without batteries or with limited energy storage (i.e., using capacitors). They can communicate with other devices without a traditional power source or avoid human intervention for charging or replacement. A-IoT devices can harvest energy from radio waves or, in specific use cases, from any other form of energy. For example, in some scenarios, A-IoT devices can harvest energy from radio waves, which may originate from 5G New Radio (NR) network entities or user units. In other scenarios, A-IoT devices can harvest energy from solar energy, light, motion / vibration, heat, pressure, or any other source.

[0128] II. Device Types of A-IoT Devices

[0129] In one possible example, an A-IoT device can have the following two characteristics:

[0130] A-IoT device type 1, with peak power consumption of around 1 microwatt, has energy storage capabilities, and a sampling clock frequency offset (SFO) of up to 10. X ppm indicates no signal amplification capability; ppm stands for parts per million, representing the permissible deviation at a specific center frequency, where frequency is in Hz. For example, if a frequency of 100MHz allows a frequency error of 100ppm, then the maximum permissible frequency is 100.01MHz, and the minimum is 99.99MHz. Device-to-reader (D2R) transmission for A-IoT device type 1 is based on backscatter transmission using an externally provided carrier frequency. D2R refers to the transmission process from the A-IoT device to the reader (such as a network device or terminal device), as described below.

[0131] Type 2 A-IoT devices have peak power consumption in the hundreds of microwatts, energy storage capabilities, and an SFO of up to 10. X ppm indicates signal amplification capability. Furthermore, based on the source of the carrier frequency used for transmission, A-IoT device type 2 can be divided into A-IoT device type 2a and A-IoT device type 2b. Specifically, A-IoT device type 2a's D2R transmission is based on backscatter transmission using an externally provided carrier frequency, while A-IoT device type 2b's D2R transmission is based on a carrier frequency generated internally within the device.

[0132] III. Network Topology of A-IoT

[0133] The following example illustrates the topology of an A-IoT system:

[0134] Network Topology 1:

[0135] Please refer to Figure 1a , Figure 1a This is a schematic diagram of a topology 1 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1a In this configuration, A-IoT device 101 and network device 102 communicate bidirectionally. Network device 102 can send R2D (reader-to-device, R2D) signals to A-IoT device 101; A-IoT device 101 receives R2D signals sent from network device 102. Optionally, A-IoT device 101 sends a corresponding response signal to network device 102 (this response signal can be a backscattered signal). Correspondingly, A-IoT device 101 can send D2R signals to network device 102; network device 102 receives D2R signals from A-IoT device 101; optionally, network device 102 sends a corresponding response signal to A-IoT device 101.

[0136] It should be noted that, in Figure 1a In this context, the transmission from network device 102 to A-IoT device 101 can be termed "R2D" transmission, and the transmission from A-IoT device 101 to network device 102 can be termed "D2R" transmission. Figure 1a Optionally, the reader / writer can be network device 102.

[0137] In some possible implementations, network device 102 is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. In some possible implementations, network device 102 may be responsible for radio resource management (RRM), quality of service (QoS) management, data compression and encryption, and data transmission and reception on the air interface side.

[0138] In some possible implementations, network device 102 may include a base station (BS) in a communication system or a device deployed in a radio access network (RAN) to provide wireless communication functions; that is, network device 102 may include devices in the RAN. For example, devices in the RAN may include evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE communication system, next generation evolved node B (ng-eNB) in an NR communication system, next generation node B (gNB) in an NR communication system, master node (MN) in a dual-connectivity architecture, secondary node (SN) in a dual-connectivity architecture, etc., without specific limitations.

[0139] In some possible implementations, network device 102 may include devices in the core network (CN). For example, devices in the CN may include access and mobility management functions (AMF), user plane functions (UPF), session management functions (SMF), etc.

[0140] In some possible implementations, network device 102 may also be an access point (AP) in a wireless local area network (WLAN), a relay station, a communication device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), or a communication device in a nonterrestrial network (NTN).

[0141] In some possible implementations, network device 102 may include means for providing wireless communication capabilities to terminal devices, such as a chip system, a chip, or a chip module. For example, the chip system may include a chip, or it may include other discrete devices.

[0142] In some possible implementations, network device 102 can communicate with Internet Protocol (IP) networks, such as the Internet, private IP networks, or other data networks.

[0143] In some possible implementations, network device 102 may include a single node to implement the functions of the aforementioned base station, or it may include two or more independent nodes to implement the functions of the aforementioned base station. For example, network device 102 includes centralized units (CU) and distributed units (DU), such as gNB-CU and gNB-DU.

[0144] In some possible implementations, network device 102 may be any of the multiple sites that perform coherent joint transmission (CJT) with the terminal device, or other sites outside of the multiple sites, or other network devices that perform network communication with the terminal device, without any specific limitation.

[0145] In some possible implementations, network device 102 may have mobility characteristics; for example, network device 102 may be a mobile device. Optionally, network device 102 may be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, the satellite may be a low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium-earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite, a high-elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. Optionally, the network device may also be a base station located on land, water, or other similar locations.

[0146] In some possible implementations, network device 102 can provide services to a cell, and terminal devices in that cell can communicate with network device 102 through transmission resources (such as spectrum resources). This cell can be a macro cell, small cell, metro cell, micro cell, pico cell, or femto cell, etc.

[0147] In some possible implementations, the network device 102 described in the embodiments of this application may be a chip, chip module, device, unit, etc., and there are no specific limitations on it.

[0148] Network Topology 2:

[0149] Please refer to Figure 1b , Figure 1b This is a schematic diagram of a topology 2 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1bSince network device 102 and A-IoT device 101 cannot communicate directly, intermediate node 103 can relay the communication between them. Figure 1b In this context, the transmission from intermediate node 103 to A-IoT device 101 can be called "R2D" transmission, and the transmission from A-IoT device 101 to intermediate node 103 can be called "D2R" transmission. Figure 1b In the context, the reader / writer can optionally refer to intermediate node 103.

[0150] Specifically, network device 102 sends R2D data to intermediate node 103. Then, intermediate node 103 assembles the R2D data into an R2D signal and sends it directly to A-IoT device 101, or processes the R2D data to assemble an R2D signal before sending it to A-IoT device 101. The R2D data can be the data portion of an R2D signal. Correspondingly, A-IoT device 101 receives the R2D signal. Optionally, A-IoT device 101 sends a corresponding response signal to intermediate node 103 (this response signal can be a backscattered signal). Optionally, intermediate node 103 forwards the response signal to network device 102, or processes the response signal before sending it to network device 102. Network device 102 and intermediate node 103 can communicate via a Uu interface. A-IoT device 101 sends a D2R signal to intermediate node 103. Then, intermediate node 103 forwards the D2R data from the D2R signal to network device 102, or processes the D2R data before sending it to network device 102. Correspondingly, network device 102 receives the D2R data, which can be the data portion of the D2R signal. Optionally, network device 102 sends a corresponding response signal to intermediate node 103. Optionally, intermediate node 103 forwards the response signal to A-IoT device 101, or processes the response signal before sending it to A-IoT device 101. Network device 102 and intermediate node 103 can communicate via a Uu interface.

[0151] In some possible implementations, intermediate node 103 is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. For example, intermediate node 103 can be a terminal device. For example, intermediate node 103 can be an eNB, eNodeB, gNodeB, gNB, multi-transmission receiving point (M-TRP), base station in a subsequent evolution system, access node in a WLAN system, mobile phone, terminal, remote UE, relay UE, mobile phone, cellular phone, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, personal digital assistant (PDA), tablet computer, computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, virtual reality (VR) device, augmented reality (AR) device, wireless device in industrial control, wireless device in autonomous driving, wireless device in remote medical care, wireless device in smart grid, wireless device in transportation safety, wireless device in smart city, or wireless device in smart home. Wireless devices in the home, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, or terminal devices in future PLMNs, etc.

[0152] For a detailed description of the network equipment, please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1a The description will not be repeated here.

[0153] Network Topology 3:

[0154] “Network Topology 3” is divided into R2D-assisted network topology and D2R-assisted network topology.

[0155] Please refer to Figure 1c , Figure 1c This is a schematic diagram of a network topology 3 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1cThe resulting topology can be termed an R2D-assisted network topology. In this topology, network device 102 cannot directly send R2D signals to A-IoT device 101, while A-IoT device 101 can directly send D2R signals to network device 102 and receive R2D signals from auxiliary node 104. Optionally, for R2D, the reader / writer can be auxiliary node 104; for D2R, the reader / writer can be network device 102.

[0156] Specifically, network device 102 sends R2D data to auxiliary node 104; then, auxiliary node 104 can either assemble the R2D data into an R2D signal and send it directly to A-IoT device 101, or process the R2D data and assemble it into an R2D signal before sending it to A-IoT device 101. The R2D data can be the data portion of the R2D signal. Correspondingly, A-IoT device 101 receives the R2D signal from auxiliary node 104. A-IoT device 101 can also directly send D2R signals to network device 102. Network device 102 and auxiliary node 104 can communicate via the Uu interface.

[0157] exist Figure 1c In this process, the transmission from the auxiliary node 104 to the A-IoT device 101 can be called "R2D" transmission, and the transmission from the A-IoT device 101 to the network device 102 can be called "D2R" transmission.

[0158] Please refer to Figure 1d , Figure 1d This is a schematic diagram of another network topology 3 provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 1d The resulting topology can be termed a D2R-assisted network topology. In this topology, A-IoT device 101 cannot directly send D2R signals to network device 102. Instead, A-IoT device 101 can receive R2D signals from network device 102 and then send D2R signals to the auxiliary node 104. Optionally, for R2D, the reader / writer can be network device 102; for D2R, the reader / writer can be auxiliary node 104.

[0159] Specifically, network device 102 can send R2D signals to A-IoT device 101. Correspondingly, after receiving the R2D signal from network device 102, A-IoT device 101 can optionally send a D2R signal to auxiliary node 104. Then, auxiliary node 104 forwards the D2R data from the D2R signal to network device 102, or processes the D2R data in the D2R signal before sending it to network device 102. The D2R data can be the data portion of the D2R signal. Network device 102 and auxiliary node 104 can communicate via a Uu interface.

[0160] exist Figure 1d In this context, the transmission from network device 102 to A-IoT device 101 can be referred to as "R2D" transmission, and the transmission from A-IoT device 101 to auxiliary node 104 can be referred to as "D2R" transmission.

[0161] In some possible implementations, the auxiliary node 104 is a device with wireless transceiver capabilities. For example, the auxiliary node 104 can be an eNB, eNodeB, gNodeB, gNB, M-TRP, a base station in a subsequent evolution system, an access node in a WLAN system, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver capabilities, a VR terminal, an AR terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a vehicle terminal, a wireless terminal in autonomous driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a wearable terminal, etc.

[0162] Network Topology 4:

[0163] Please refer to Figure 1e , Figure 1e This is a schematic diagram of a topology 4 provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 1e In this context, A-IoT device 101 and terminal device 105 communicate directly in both directions. The reader / writer can refer to terminal device 105.

[0164] Specifically, terminal device 105 sends an R2D signal to A-IoT device 101, and A-IoT device 101 receives the R2D signal sent by terminal device 105. Optionally, A-IoT device 101 sends a corresponding response signal to terminal device 105. Correspondingly, A-IoT device 101 sends a D2R signal to terminal device 105; terminal device 105 receives the D2R signal sent by A-IoT device 101. Optionally, terminal device 105 sends a corresponding response signal to A-IoT device 101 (this response signal can be a backscattered signal).

[0165] In this embodiment, the terminal device 105 can be a device with wireless transceiver capabilities, and may be referred to as a terminal, UE, mobile station (MS), mobile terminal (MT), access terminal, vehicle-mounted terminal, industrial control terminal, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, wireless communication device, UE agent, or UE device, etc. The terminal device 105 can be fixed or mobile. It should be noted that the terminal device 105 can support at least one wireless communication technology, such as Long Term Evolution (LTE) or NR. For example, terminal device 105 can be a mobile phone, tablet, desktop computer, laptop computer, all-in-one computer, vehicle terminal, VR terminal, AR terminal, wireless terminal in industrial control, wireless terminal in self-driving, wireless terminal in remote medical surgery, wireless terminal in smart grid, wireless terminal in transportation safety, wireless terminal in smart city, wireless terminal in smart home, cellular phone, cordless phone, SIP phone, WLL station, PDA, handheld device with wireless communication function, computing device or other processing device connected to wireless modem, wearable device, terminal device in future mobile communication network, or terminal device in future evolved PLMN, etc.

[0166] In some embodiments of this application, the terminal device 105 may also be a device with transceiver functions, such as a chip system. The chip system may include chips, and may also include other discrete components.

[0167] In summary, in this embodiment of the application, the A-IoT system may include network nodes and A-IoT devices, and the network node may be... Figures 1a to 1e It is one of the following: network device, intermediate node, auxiliary node, or terminal device. Among them, the intermediate node or auxiliary node plays a relay role in the transmission process between the network device and the A-IoT device.

[0168] IV. D2R / R2D Transmission

[0169] In this embodiment, the communication between the reader / writer and the A-IoT device is referred to as R2D, which can also be called R2D transmission, R2D communication, R2D signal, or R2D information. Optionally, the R2D signal can also be called the A-IoT R2D signal, and the data portion therein can be called R2D data or A-IoT R2D data. This embodiment does not impose any limitations on this.

[0170] Communication between A-IoT devices and readers is referred to as D2R, or D2R transmission, D2R communication, D2R signal, or D2R information. Optionally, the D2R signal can also be called the A-IoT D2R signal, and the data portion can be called D2R data or A-IoT D2R data. This application does not limit the scope of the embodiments.

[0171] Optionally, the signal transmission between the reader and the A-IoT device can be D2R signal transmission and / or R2D signal transmission for any of the above network topologies, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0172] against Figure 1a The network topology shown can optionally include network devices as readers / writers. R2D transmission refers to the network device directly sending R2D signals to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device directly receiving R2D signals from the network device. D2R transmission refers to the A-IoT device directly sending D2R signals to the network device, and the network device directly receiving D2R signals from the A-IoT device.

[0173] against Figure 1b In the network topology shown, optionally, the reader / writer can be an intermediate node. Network devices send R2D data to the intermediate node. R2D transmission refers to the intermediate node assembling R2D data into an R2D signal and sending it to the A-IoT device, which then receives the R2D signal from the intermediate node. D2R transmission refers to the A-IoT device sending a D2R signal to the intermediate node. The intermediate node forwards the D2R data from the D2R signal to the network device, which then receives the D2R data from the intermediate node.

[0174] against Figure 1c In the network topology shown, optionally, the reader / writer can be an auxiliary node or a network device. The network device sends R2D data to the auxiliary node. R2D transmission refers to the auxiliary node assembling the R2D data into an R2D signal and sending it to the A-IoT device, which then receives the R2D signal from the auxiliary node. D2R transmission refers to the A-IoT device sending a D2R signal to the network device, which then receives the D2R signal from the A-IoT device.

[0175] against Figure 1dThe network topology shown can optionally include network devices or auxiliary nodes as readers / writers. R2D transmission refers to the network device directly sending R2D signals to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device directly receiving R2D signals from the network device. D2R transmission refers to the A-IoT device sending D2R signals to the auxiliary node. The auxiliary node forwards the D2R data from the D2R signal to the network device, and the network device receives the D2R data from the auxiliary node.

[0176] against Figure 1e The network topology shown can optionally include a reader / writer that is a terminal device. R2D transmission refers to the terminal device directly sending R2D signals to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device directly receiving R2D signals from the terminal device. D2R transmission refers to the A-IoT device directly sending D2R signals to the terminal device, and the terminal device directly receiving D2R signals from the A-IoT device.

[0177] In the above description, "direct" means that the signal transmission does not pass through auxiliary nodes or intermediate nodes. However, in actual transmission, it may need to pass through other devices, such as routers in the communication link.

[0178] V. Inventory Process

[0179] The inventory process refers to the interaction between the reader and the A-IoT device to obtain the device ID of the A-IoT device. Optionally, the inventory process may include a random access procedure. The following is an example illustrating the inventory process:

[0180] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of an inventory process provided in this application embodiment. The inventory process includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0181] S201. The reader identifies the selected A-IoT device or group of A-IoT devices and then sends a paging message (or trigger message) to initiate the random access procedure. Optionally, the paging message is sent in a broadcast manner, meaning that all A-IoT devices within the reader's coverage area can receive the paging message.

[0182] In some implementations, the paging message may be a query command, a query repeat command, a query adjust command, etc., and this application embodiment does not impose any restrictions.

[0183] In some implementations, the paging message includes resource allocation information, which may include time-domain resource allocation information. This time-domain resource allocation information indicates time-domain resources, which are available time slots in the time domain. For example, the time-domain resource allocation information includes a Q value, and the time-domain resources indicated by the time-domain resource allocation information include time slot 0 to time slot (2). Q -1), where i in time slot i can be considered as the index of the time slot (also called the identifier or time slot value), and i takes a value greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 2. Q An integer equal to -1. The A-IoT device selects a time slot from the aforementioned time-domain resources and uses the index of that time slot as the initial value of the time slot counter.

[0184] Optionally, the paging message may also include A-IoT device identification information or A-IoT device group identification information. Upon receiving the paging message, if the identification information of the A-IoT device or the identification information of the A-IoT device group to which the A-IoT device belongs matches the A-IoT device identification information or A-IoT device group identification information in the paging message, then the A-IoT device will consider itself to be participating in this inventory process.

[0185] In some implementations, after each time an A-IoT device receives the aforementioned paging message, it decrements the value of its time slot counter by 1 until the value of its time slot counter reaches 0. At this point, it can obtain a random access procedure transmission opportunity (it has preempted the time slot), and the A-IoT device will perform the random access procedure within that time slot.

[0186] It should be noted that step S201 is an optional step. Figure 2 The text is represented by a dashed line. In other words, the reader can execute step S201 to send a paging message to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device will initiate a random access procedure after receiving the paging message; or, the reader can skip step S201, and the A-IoT device can directly initiate a random access procedure.

[0187] The random access procedure described above can be a contention-based four-step random access, a contention-based two-step random access, or a non-contention-based random access; no restrictions are imposed in this embodiment.

[0188] For example, this application uses a contention-based four-step random access method as an example to briefly describe the specific process.

[0189] Reference Figure 2 Steps S202-S205 are the random access procedures initiated by A-IoT device 1 in this embodiment of the application.

[0190] In some implementations, the above contention-based four-step random access procedure includes:

[0191] S202, A-IoT device 1 seizes a time slot and sends the first message in the time slot it has seized.

[0192] Optionally, the aforementioned first message may also be referred to as the first message, message 1, Msg1, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit it in this way.

[0193] A-IoT device 1 sends a first message, and the reader receives the first message accordingly. The first message includes a random number identifier, which is used to identify A-IoT device 1.

[0194] Optionally, the random number identifier can be randomly generated by A-IoT device 1, or it can be generated based on the device identifier of A-IoT device 1. For example, it can be obtained by processing the truncated device identifier corresponding to A-IoT device 1. This processing can be, for example, hash processing, or other possible processing methods, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0195] In some implementations, the length of the random number identifier can be set according to actual needs, such as 16 bits, 24 bits, etc. Optionally, the random number identifier can be a 16-bit random number, denoted as RN16. The A-IoT device sends RN16 to the reader by sending a first message for access to the reader.

[0196] In some implementations, the purpose of the A-IoT device sending RN16 is to enable the reader to quickly detect whether an RN16 collision has occurred. If so, a new round of inventory processing is restarted. Since RN16 is only 16 bits, much smaller than the size of the A-IoT device identifier (which, for example, includes 96 bits), sending the A-IoT device identifier consumes significant resources in the first message. The reader only learns of a collision after receiving the 96-bit A-IoT device identifier, resulting in substantial resource waste. However, by including RN16 in the first message, the reader can quickly detect whether other A-IoT devices are sending the same RN16, thus determining whether a collision exists.

[0197] S203, The reader sends the second message.

[0198] In some implementations, if the reader receives the first message and successfully obtains the random number identifier in the first message, the reader will send a second message (e.g., an acknowledgment character (ACK) message) to the A-IoT device 1.

[0199] Optionally, the second message may also be referred to as the second message, message 2, Msg2, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit it in this way.

[0200] The second message includes the random number identifier of the A-IoT device 1, and the second message is used to respond to the first message.

[0201] In some implementations, the second message is used for conflict resolution during the random access process. Specifically, if A-IoT device 1 receives the second message, and the second message carries the random number identifier sent by A-IoT device 1, then A-IoT device 1 considers its access to the reader / writer to be successful, and A-IoT device 1 will send a third message to the reader / writer.

[0202] S204, A-IoT device 1 sends a third message.

[0203] Optionally, the aforementioned third message may also be referred to as the third message, message 3, Msg3, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit it in this way.

[0204] The third message mentioned above includes the device identifier of A-IoT device 1. The device identifier can be a permanent identifier or a temporary identifier. The permanent identifier can be, for example, the electronic product code (EPC) of A-IoT device 1. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0205] S205, The reader sends the fourth message.

[0206] Optionally, the fourth message may also be referred to as the fourth message, message 4, Msg4, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit it in this way.

[0207] It should be noted that the step of the reader sending the fourth message is optional. Figure 2 The text is represented by a dashed line. After receiving the third message, the reader can send a fourth message to acknowledge or continue data transmission. The fourth message is used to respond to the third message and confirm whether the third message was successfully transmitted.

[0208] In some implementations, after the completion of the above steps S204 or S205, the random access process of the A-IoT device 1 can be considered to be completed.

[0209] S206. The reader sends a paging message again to open the next time slot. During this time slot, other A-IoT devices (such as A-IoT device 2) can initiate a random access process.

[0210] Optionally, the paging message is sent in the form of a broadcast, meaning that all A-IoT devices within the reader's coverage area can receive the paging message.

[0211] It should be noted that step S206 is also an optional step. Figure 2 The middle part is indicated by a dashed line.

[0212] Subsequently, A-IoT device 2 re-initiates the random access procedure to the reader in the new time slot (i.e., the time slot preempted by A-IoT device 2).

[0213] S207, A-IoT device 2 seizes the time slot and sends the first message in the time slot.

[0214] S208, The reader sends the second message.

[0215] S209, A-IoT device 2 sends a third message.

[0216] S210, the reader sends the fourth message.

[0217] It is understandable that the random access process initiated by A-IoT device 2 can be referred to the random access process initiated by A-IoT device 1 as described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0218] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating an inventory process provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 The inventory process includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0219] S301. The reader identifies the selected A-IoT device or group of A-IoT devices, and then sends a paging message to initiate the random access procedure. Optionally, the paging message is sent in a broadcast manner, meaning that all A-IoT devices within the reader's coverage area can receive the paging message.

[0220] It should be noted that step S301 is an optional step. Figure 3 The text is represented by a dashed line. In other words, the reader can execute step S301 to send a paging message to the A-IoT device, and the A-IoT device will initiate a random access procedure after receiving the paging message; or, the reader can skip step S301, and the A-IoT device can directly initiate a random access procedure.

[0221] The random access procedure described above can be a contention-based four-step random access, a contention-based two-step random access, or a non-contention-based random access; no restrictions are imposed in this embodiment.

[0222] For example, this application uses a contention-based four-step random access method as an example to briefly describe the specific process.

[0223] In some implementations, the above contention-based four-step random access procedure includes:

[0224] S302, A-IoT device 1 preempts a time slot and sends the first message in that time slot.

[0225] In some implementations, A-IoT device 1 sends a first message, and correspondingly, a reader receives the first message. The first message includes a random number identifier corresponding to A-IoT device 1, which is used to identify A-IoT device 1.

[0226] S303 and A-IoT device 2 compete for the same time slot and send the first message in that time slot.

[0227] Accordingly, the reader receives a first message. This first message includes a random number identifier corresponding to the A-IoT device 2, which is used to identify the A-IoT device 2.

[0228] In some implementations, A-IoT device 1 and A-IoT device 2 can use time division multiplexing (TDM) to send the first message in the same time slot.

[0229] S304, The reader sends the second message.

[0230] In some implementations, if the reader receives the first message and successfully obtains the random number identifier in the first message, and the random number identifier is the random number identifier of A-IoT device 1, then the reader will send a second message to A-IoT device 1.

[0231] The second message includes a random number identifier of the A-IoT device 1, and the second message is used to respond to the first message sent by the A-IoT device 1.

[0232] In some implementations, the second message is used for conflict resolution during the random access process. Specifically, if A-IoT device 1 receives the second message, and the second message carries the random number identifier sent by A-IoT device 1, then A-IoT device 1 considers its access to the reader / writer to be successful, and A-IoT device 1 will send a third message to the reader / writer.

[0233] S305, A-IoT device 1 sends a third message.

[0234] The third message mentioned above includes the device identifier of A-IoT device 1. The device identifier can be a permanent identifier or a temporary identifier. The permanent identifier can be, for example, the EPC of A-IoT device 1. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0235] S306, The reader sends the fourth message.

[0236] It should be noted that the step of the reader sending the fourth message is optional. Figure 3 The text is represented by a dashed line. After receiving the third message, the reader can send a fourth message to acknowledge or subsequently transmit the data. This fourth message is used to respond to the third message and confirm whether the third message was successfully transmitted.

[0237] In some implementations, after the above steps S305 or S306 are completed, the random access process of the A-IoT device 1 can be considered to be completed.

[0238] S307, the reader sends the second message.

[0239] In some implementations, if the reader receives the first message and successfully obtains the random number identifier in the first message, and this random number identifier is the random number identifier of A-IoT device 2, then the reader will send a second message to A-IoT device 2. This second message includes the aforementioned random number identifier of A-IoT device 2, and is used in response to the first message.

[0240] In some implementations, the second message is used for conflict resolution during the random access process. Specifically, if A-IoT device 2 receives the second message, and the second message carries the random number identifier sent by A-IoT device 2, then A-IoT device 2 considers its access to the reader / writer to be successful, and A-IoT device 2 will send a third message to the reader / writer.

[0241] S308, A-IoT device 2 sends a third message.

[0242] The third message mentioned above includes the device identifier of A-IoT device 2. The device identifier can be a permanent identifier or a temporary identifier. The permanent identifier can be, for example, the EPC of A-IoT device 2. This application embodiment does not limit this.

[0243] S309, The reader sends the fourth message.

[0244] It should be noted that the step of the reader sending the fourth message is optional. Figure 3 The text is represented by a dashed line. After receiving the third message, the reader can send a fourth message to acknowledge or continue data transmission. The fourth message is used to respond to the third message and confirm whether the third message was successfully transmitted.

[0245] In some implementations, after the above steps S308 or S309 are completed, the random access process of the A-IoT device 2 can be considered to be completed.

[0246] VI. Time Slot

[0247] In some implementations, time slots can be divided based on the time occupied by the random access process initiated by the A-IoT device, specifically including the following two cases:

[0248] Scenario 1: Within a time slot, any A-IoT device executes steps S202 to S204 (or S205) as described above. Specifically, a time slot is defined as the period from when the A-IoT device sends its first message until the A-IoT device successfully connects. Subsequently, the reader resends the paging message to start the next time slot.

[0249] For example, refer to Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application, where t represents the time axis.

[0250] exist Figure 4 In the embodiment shown, assuming that when A-IoT device 1 receives a paging message, it preempts time slot 1, then A-IoT device 1 will perform a random access process in time slot 1, including sending a first message, receiving a second message sent by the reader / writer, and sending a third message to the reader / writer in time slot 1.

[0251] Similarly, assuming that A-IoT device 2 preempts time slot 2 when it receives a paging message, A-IoT device 2 will perform a random access process in time slot 2, including sending a first message, receiving a second message sent by the reader / writer, and sending a third message to the reader / writer in time slot 2.

[0252] Scenario 2: Within a time slot, at least one A-IoT device executes steps S302 to S308 (or S309) as described above. Specifically, the at least one A-IoT device sends a first message via TDM, and the period until the at least one A-IoT device successfully connects is considered a time slot. Subsequently, the reader resends the paging message to start the next time slot.

[0253] For example, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 .

[0254] exist Figure 5In the illustrated embodiment, A-IoT device 1 and A-IoT device 2 can use TDM (Time Division Multiplexing) to send a first message within time slot 1. After receiving a second message containing its own random number identifier within time slot 1, A-IoT device 1 sends a third message; similarly, A-IoT device 2 sends a third message after receiving a second message containing its own random number identifier within time slot 1. Subsequently, the reader resends the paging message and opens time slot 2.

[0255] In some implementations, the Slotted ALOHA (SA) protocol can be applied to the random access process of A-IoT devices. However, the SA protocol has a high collision probability, and only the first message that does not collide can be successfully received by the reader, resulting in a low access success rate for A-IoT devices.

[0256] Taking the above scenario 1 as an example, refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 .

[0257] exist Figure 6 In the embodiment shown, it is assumed that Q = 2, that is, there are four time slots, namely time slot 0 to time slot 4.

[0258] When an A-IoT device receives a paging message, if the device identifier matches successfully, it retrieves the Q value from the paging message and then randomly selects a value from 2. Q Arbitrarily select one time slot from the -1 time slots and set the corresponding time slot counter, using the index of that time slot as the initial value of the time slot counter. Each time a paging message is received, decrement the value of the time slot counter by 1 until the time slot counter reaches 0. At this point, the A-IoT device gains the opportunity to send (has preempted the time slot) and sends its first message in the current time slot. For example, in... Figure 6 In the process, A-IoT device 1 sends the first message in time slot 0, and A-IoT device 2 and A-IoT device 3 send the first message in time slot 2.

[0259] During inventory cycle 1, since the time slot occupied by A-IoT device 1 does not conflict with the time slots occupied by other A-IoT devices, the reader can successfully receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 and send the second message back to A-IoT device 1 in time slot 0. After receiving the second message, A-IoT device 1 continues to send the third message in time slot 0.

[0260] Because the time slots occupied by A-IoT device 2 and A-IoT device 3 conflict, the reader cannot receive the first messages sent by A-IoT device 2 and A-IoT device 3. It can only wait until inventory cycle 2 to instruct A-IoT device 2 and A-IoT device 3 to initiate random access again, resulting in a low access success rate for A-IoT devices.

[0261] The aforementioned inventory cycle is related to the Q value in the paging message; for example, if the reader continuously sends 2... Q Each paging message constitutes one inventory cycle.

[0262] The technical solutions provided in this application will be described in detail below through specific embodiments. It should be noted that the following embodiments may exist independently or in combination with each other.

[0263] Reference Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. In some embodiments of this application, the above-mentioned communication method includes:

[0264] S701, The reader sends the first information. Correspondingly, at least one A-IoT device (for ease of description, denoted as W A-IoT devices, where W is an integer greater than 0) receives the first information.

[0265] Optionally, the first information mentioned above can be carried in the paging message. For example, the first information can be carried in any command such as Query, QueryRep, or QueryAdjust.

[0266] In some implementations, the first information is sent in a broadcast manner, meaning that all A-IoT devices within the reader's coverage area can receive the first information. Specifically, the W A-IoT devices in S701 can be some or all of the total number of A-IoT devices.

[0267] Optionally, the first information may include A-IoT device identification information or A-IoT device group identification information. Upon receiving the first information, if the identification information of the A-IoT device or the identification information of the A-IoT device group to which the A-IoT device belongs matches the A-IoT device identification information or A-IoT device group identification information in the first information, then the A-IoT device will consider that it needs to initiate random access.

[0268] In some implementations, the aforementioned first information can be used to instruct at least one A-IoT device (referred to as m A-IoT devices for ease of description) to initiate random access. For example, the first information may include m A-IoT device identifiers, indicating that the first information is for the m A-IoT devices corresponding to those m A-IoT device identifiers. Alternatively, the first information may include one A-IoT device group identifier, indicating that the first information is for the m A-IoT devices in the A-IoT device group corresponding to that A-IoT device group identifier (assuming there are a total of m A-IoT devices in the A-IoT device group); where m is an integer greater than or equal to 1. Upon receiving the aforementioned first information, the m A-IoT devices initiate random access.

[0269] S702, the reader receives a first message sent by any one of the m A-IoT devices on the K transmission resources; correspondingly, any one of the m A-IoT devices sends a first message on the K transmission resources. It is understood that the value of K is only to represent the number of transmission resources, and the K transmission resources do not specifically refer to certain transmission resources. That is, for different A-IoT devices, the value of K can be the same or different. If the values ​​are the same, the positions of the K transmission resources can be the same or different.

[0270] In some implementations, the A-IoT device sends the first message K times on K transmission resources, wherein the A-IoT device sends the first message once on one transmission resource.

[0271] Optionally, the aforementioned first message may also be referred to as the first message, message 1, Msg1, etc., and this application embodiment does not limit it in this way.

[0272] In some implementations, the aforementioned K transmission resources occupy M time-domain units, which belong to the first inventory cycle, where K and M are both positive integers and K≥M.

[0273] In some implementations, the time interval between two consecutive transmissions of the first information by the reader / writer can be considered as a time-domain unit. For example, refer to... Figure 4 or Figure 5 Time slot 1 can be used as a time domain unit, and time slot 2 can be used as a time domain unit.

[0274] It is understandable that the aforementioned time-domain units can also be called time-domain resources, and different time-domain resources are located at different positions on the time axis.

[0275] In some implementations, the first information includes resource allocation information, which may indicate time-domain resource allocation information, indicating the number of available time-domain units within a single inventory cycle. For example, the time-domain resource allocation information includes a Q value, and the available time-domain units include time-domain units 0 to 2... Q -1).

[0276] In some implementations, the reader can listen for the first message sent by the A-IoT device in each time domain unit. If the reader successfully receives the first message from the A-IoT device in a certain time domain unit, the reader can send a second message to the A-IoT device in that time domain unit. After receiving the second message, the A-IoT device can send a third message to the reader in that time domain unit. The specific process can be found in [reference needed]. Figure 4 or Figure 5 The random access procedure shown is not described in detail here.

[0277] In some implementations, the reader can also listen for the first message sent by the A-IoT device in each time domain unit, but after sending 2... Q After receiving the first message, the system confirms that the first message has been successfully received. Based on the successful receipt of the first message, the system sends a second message to the A-IoT device that successfully sent the first message. After receiving the second message, the A-IoT device sends a third message to the reader.

[0278] For example, refer to Figure 8a , Figure 8a This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 .

[0279] exist Figure 8a In the illustrated embodiment, assuming Q = 2, A-IoT device 1 selects to send the first message in time domain unit 1, and A-IoT device 2 selects to send the first message in time domain unit 2. The reader can determine that the first message has been successfully received after sending the fourth first message. If the reader successfully receives the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 in time domain unit 1 and the first message sent by A-IoT device 2 in time domain unit 2, then it sends a second message to A-IoT device 1 and a second message to A-IoT device 2 at the end of time domain unit 3. After receiving its corresponding second message, A-IoT device 1 sends a third message to the reader, and A-IoT device 2 sends a third message to the reader after receiving its corresponding second message. After determining that the random access process of all successfully connected A-IoT devices has ended, the reader can continue sending first messages to start the next inventory cycle.

[0280] Reference Figure 8b , Figure 8b This is a schematic diagram of a random access procedure provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 5 .

[0281] exist Figure 8b In the illustrated embodiment, assuming Q=2, A-IoT device 1 and A-IoT device 2 can use TDM (Time Domain Module) to send a first message in time domain unit 1. The reader can determine successful reception of the first message after sending the fourth first message. If the reader successfully receives the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 and the first message sent by A-IoT device 2 in time domain unit 1, it sends a second message to A-IoT device 1 and A-IoT device 2 at the end of time domain unit 3. After receiving its corresponding second message, A-IoT device 1 sends a third message to the reader, and A-IoT device 2 sends its corresponding second message to the reader. After determining that the random access process of all successfully connected A-IoT devices has ended, the reader can continue sending first messages to start the next inventory cycle.

[0282] In some implementations, the resource allocation information may further include frequency domain resource allocation information, which may indicate the allocation of multiple transmission bandwidths.

[0283] For example, refer to Figure 9 , Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the distribution of transmission resources provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0284] exist Figure 9 In this context, assuming the first inventory cycle includes four available time-domain units, namely time-domain unit 0, time-domain unit 1, time-domain unit 2, and time-domain unit 3, the reader indicates to the A-IoT device that a first message can be sent in two transmission bandwidths, namely transmission bandwidth 1 and transmission bandwidth 2. Therefore, within the first inventory cycle, a total of eight different transmission resources can be included, namely transmission resource 1, transmission resource 2, ..., transmission resource 8. Figure 9 In this context, f represents the frequency.

[0285] For example, if K=4, it means that the A-IoT device sends the first message on 4 transmission resources. Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on different time domain resources but the same frequency domain resources. For example, when M=K=4, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resource 1, transmission resource 3, transmission resource 5, and transmission resource 7 respectively; wherein transmission resources 1, transmission resource 3, transmission resource 5, and transmission resource 7 occupy different time domain resources (i.e., occupy time domain unit 0, time domain unit 1, time domain unit 2, and time domain unit 3 respectively), and all occupy the same frequency domain resource, i.e., all occupy transmission bandwidth 1.

[0286] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on different time-domain resources and partially identical frequency-domain resources. For example, when M=K=4, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resources 1, 3, 6, and 8 respectively. Transmission resources 1, 3, 6, and 8 occupy different time-domain resources (i.e., they occupy time-domain unit 0, time-domain unit 1, time-domain unit 2, and time-domain unit 3 respectively); transmission resources 1 and 3 occupy the same frequency-domain resources (i.e., both occupy transmission bandwidth 1), and transmission resources 6 and 8 occupy the same frequency-domain resources (i.e., both occupy transmission bandwidth 2).

[0287] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on different time domain resources and different frequency domain resources. For example, when M=K=2, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 4 respectively. Among them, transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 4 occupy different time domain resources (occupying time domain unit 0 and time domain unit 1 respectively) and different frequency domain resources (occupying transmission bandwidth 1 and transmission bandwidth 2 respectively).

[0288] Optionally, the A-IoT device may choose to send the first message on some of the same time-domain resources and some of the same frequency-domain resources. For example, when K=4 and M=2, the A-IoT device may choose to send the first message on transmission resource 1, transmission resource 2, transmission resource 3, and transmission resource 4 respectively; wherein transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 2 occupy the same time-domain resources (i.e., both occupy time-domain unit 0), transmission resource 3 and transmission resource 4 occupy the same time-domain resources (i.e., both occupy time-domain unit 1); transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 3 occupy the same frequency-domain resources (i.e., both occupy transmission bandwidth 1), and transmission resource 2 and transmission resource 4 occupy the same frequency-domain resources (i.e., both occupy transmission bandwidth 2).

[0289] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on the same time domain resources but different frequency domain resources. For example, when K=2 and M=1, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 2 respectively; wherein, transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 2 occupy the same time domain resources (i.e., both occupy time domain unit 0) and different frequency domain resources (i.e., occupy transmission bandwidth 1 and transmission bandwidth 2 respectively).

[0290] In some implementations, the A-IoT device can randomly select a time-domain unit from the aforementioned time-domain resources and use the index of that time-domain unit as the initial value of the time-domain unit counter. Each time the A-IoT device receives the aforementioned first information, it decrements the value of its time-domain unit counter by 1 until the value of its time-domain unit counter reaches 0 (meaning it has preempted the time-domain unit). Then, it sends the first message on the transmission resource corresponding to that time-domain unit.

[0291] When an A-IoT device chooses to send the first message on different time domain resources or partially the same time domain resources, the A-IoT device can send the first message not only on the transmission resources corresponding to the time domain unit it has preempted, but also on the transmission resources corresponding to one or more time domain units after that time domain unit.

[0292] Optionally, the A-IoT device can select multiple time-domain unit indices as the initial values ​​of the time-domain unit counters. Each time the A-IoT device receives the aforementioned first information, it decrements the value of its time-domain unit counter by 1 until the counter reaches the corresponding initial value (indicating that the time-domain unit has been preempted). At this point, the A-IoT device sends the first message on the transmission resource corresponding to that time-domain unit. For example, when the A-IoT device's time-domain unit counter reaches 1 or 0, it indicates that the A-IoT device has preempted the time-domain unit, and the first message is sent on the transmission resource corresponding to that time-domain unit respectively.

[0293] Optionally, the A-IoT device can randomly select one or more time-domain units following the current time-domain unit to send the first message, or it can select one or more time-domain units following the current time-domain unit to send the first message according to a preset offset value. For example, assuming the A-IoT device preempts time-domain unit 0 and the above offset value is 1, the A-IoT device can choose to continue sending the first message on time-domain unit 1; for example, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resources 1 and 4 respectively, wherein transmission resources 1 and 4 occupy time-domain units 0 and 1 respectively.

[0294] The communication method provided in this application embodiment allows an A-IoT device to send a first message on one or more transmission resources when initiating random access. This increases the probability that the reader will successfully receive the first message, effectively improving the access success rate of the A-IoT device.

[0295] Based on the content described in the above embodiments, in some embodiments, the value of K is carried in the first information.

[0296] In some implementations, the first message may carry a value of K in addition to instructing the A-IoT device to initiate random access, so as to instruct the A-IoT device to send the first message on K transmission resources.

[0297] In some implementations, the first message may carry a K value, directly instructing the A-IoT device to send the first message on the K transmission resources.

[0298] In some implementations, the first message may carry multiple K values. The A-IoT device selects one of the K values ​​and sends the first message on K transmission resources based on the selected K value.

[0299] Optionally, A-IoT devices can select the K value according to preset selection rules.

[0300] For example, the first message can carry multiple K values, with different A-IoT device types corresponding to one or more K values. After receiving the first message, the A-IoT device selects the K value corresponding to its own type from these multiple K values. For instance, in the first message, the K value corresponding to A-IoT device type 1 is 2, the K value corresponding to A-IoT device type 2a is 3, and the K value corresponding to A-IoT device type 2b is 4. After receiving the first message, the A-IoT device can select the corresponding K value according to its own type, and the reader can obtain the corresponding K value based on the A-IoT device type. As another example, in the first message, the K value corresponding to A-IoT device type 1 is 1 or 2, the K value corresponding to A-IoT device type 2a is 2 or 3, and the K value corresponding to A-IoT device type 2b is 3 or 4. After receiving the first message, the A-IoT device can arbitrarily select one of the corresponding multiple K values ​​according to its own type and carry the selected K value in the first message to notify the reader of the selected K value. Alternatively, the A-IoT device can also select the K value based on its own data transmission capabilities. For example, assuming that an A-IoT device can send the first message a maximum of 2 times within a storage cycle, the K value chosen by the A-IoT device should be less than or equal to 2.

[0301] In this embodiment, since the value of K is indicated by the reader, the reader can dynamically adjust the value of K according to the actual situation to improve the access success rate of A-IoT devices. For example, when there are a large number of A-IoT devices to be inventoried, the collision rate can be reduced by decreasing the value of K, thereby improving the access success rate of A-IoT devices.

[0302] In some embodiments, K can be a preset value.

[0303] Optionally, K can be a preset value, such as K = 1, 2, 3, ..., which is not limited in this embodiment. Optionally, the value of K can be set based on the type of A-IoT device, expected communication needs, network protocol specifications, etc., which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0304] For example, different A-IoT device types can correspond to one or more preset K values. After receiving the first message, the A-IoT device selects the preset K value corresponding to its own type. For example, the preset K value for A-IoT device type 1 is 2, the preset K value for A-IoT device type 2a is 3, and the preset K value for A-IoT device type 2b is 4. The A-IoT device can select the corresponding preset K value according to its own type, and the reader can obtain the preset K value according to the A-IoT device type. As another example, the preset K value for A-IoT device type 1 is 1 or 2, the preset K value for A-IoT device type 2a is 2 or 3, and the preset K value for A-IoT device type 2b is 3 or 4. The A-IoT device can arbitrarily select one of the corresponding preset K values ​​according to its own type and carry the selected K value in the first message to notify the reader of the preset K value selected by the A-IoT device.

[0305] Optionally, K can be a random number that satisfies a preset distribution function. The A-IoT device carries the randomly selected K value in the first message to notify the reader of the preset K value selected by the A-IoT device.

[0306] In some implementations, the reader and the A-IoT device can obtain the predefined K value described above. Alternatively, the reader and the A-IoT device can each determine the K value based on the same information; for example, both the reader and the A-IoT device can determine the K value based on the transmission mode, thus the K value determined by the reader and the A-IoT device is the same.

[0307] In other implementations, the A-IoT device may carry the selected K value in the first message to notify the reader of the preset K value selected by the A-IoT device, so that the K value determined by the reader and the A-IoT device is the same.

[0308] In this embodiment of the application, since K is a preset value, the reader does not need to send the specific value of K each time the random access process is triggered, thereby simplifying network signaling and reducing signaling overhead.

[0309] In some embodiments, the first information may further include first indication information, which may be used to instruct the A-IoT device to send the first message using a first transmission mode; the first transmission mode is the transmission mode in which the A-IoT device sends the first message on K transmission resources.

[0310] In some implementations, when the first indication information is used to instruct the A-IoT device to send the first message using a first transmission mode, the first information may also carry a K value. After receiving the first information, the A-IoT device sends the first message using the first transmission mode, and the A-IoT device can obtain the K value carried in the first information and send the first message on K transmission resources.

[0311] In some implementations, the first instruction information described above can also be used to instruct the A-IoT device to send the first message using other transmission modes, such as instructing the A-IoT device to send the first message using a second transmission mode, whereby the A-IoT device sends the first message only once on a single transmission resource.

[0312] In some implementations, when the first indication information is used to instruct the A-IoT device to send the first message using the second transmission mode, the first information may not carry a K value. After receiving the first information, the A-IoT device sends the first message using the second transmission mode, and the A-IoT device may randomly select a transmission resource to send the first message.

[0313] In this embodiment, when the aforementioned first information instructs the A-IoT device to initiate random access, it instructs the A-IoT device to send the first message in a transmission mode, thereby enabling flexible management of the transmission mode of the A-IoT device.

[0314] In some implementations, when the first indication information is used to instruct the A-IoT device to send the first message using the first transmission mode, the first information may not carry a K value. After receiving the first information, the A-IoT device sends the first message using the first transmission mode. Then, the A-IoT device can obtain a preset K value and send the first message on K transmission resources.

[0315] For example, a reader can trigger the random access process of an A-IoT device by sending a first message, instructing the A-IoT device to send a first message using a first transmission mode. After receiving the first message, the A-IoT device obtains a preset K value and sends the first message on K transmission resources.

[0316] In this embodiment, after receiving the first information, the A-IoT device can autonomously send the first message according to its preset K value, which increases the autonomy and flexibility of the A-IoT device.

[0317] In some embodiments, the first message includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0318] Reference Figure 10 , Figure 10This is a schematic diagram of transmission resource usage provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0319] exist Figure 10 In the first inventory cycle, there are four time-domain units, namely time-domain unit 0 to time-domain unit 3.

[0320] In some implementations, both K and M are integers greater than 1.

[0321] For example in Figure 10 In this context, assuming K = M = 2, A-IoT device 1 can send the first message in time domain unit 1 and the second message in time domain unit 2; A-IoT device 2 can send the first message in time domain unit 0 and the second message in time domain unit 2; A-IoT device 3 can send a message in time domain unit 0. Figure 10 The method provided in this application embodiment is illustrated by taking "A-IoT devices sending the first message on different time domain resources but the same frequency domain resources" as an example.

[0322] It should be noted that the first messages sent by the A-IoT devices on the above K transmission resources are the same. Taking A-IoT device 1 as an example, the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 in time domain unit 1 is the same as the second message sent in time domain unit 2.

[0323] Taking A-IoT device 1 as an example, the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the positions of time domain unit 1 and time domain unit 2.

[0324] In this embodiment, by indicating the positions of the M time-domain units in the second indication information, the reader can directly determine the time-domain position of the first message sent by the A-IoT device based on the positions of the M time-domain units, thereby reducing the complexity of receiving data.

[0325] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields, each of which is used to indicate the position of the M time-domain units.

[0326] Optionally, the above sub-indicator field can be Q bits.

[0327] For example, assuming Q=3 and M=2, the above indication field includes 2 sub-indication fields, each containing 3 bits.

[0328] Furthermore, assuming a certain sub-indicator field is "010", then the sub-indicator field can be used to indicate time domain unit 2; assuming a certain sub-indicator field is "111", then the sub-indicator field can be used to indicate time domain unit 7.

[0329] For example, assuming the reader receives the first message in time domain unit 2, by parsing the second indication information in the first message, it determines that the indication field in the second indication information includes two sub-indication fields, which are "010" and "111" respectively. Then the reader can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 2 and time domain unit 7 respectively.

[0330] In this embodiment, the positions of the M time-domain units can be indicated by the M sub-indication fields in the indication field, which is beneficial for the reader to directly determine the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0331] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field comprising M sub-indication fields. One sub-indication field indicates the position of the first time-domain unit among the M time-domain units, and the remaining M-1 sub-indication fields indicate the offset values ​​of the positions of the other time-domain units among the M time-domain units relative to the position of the first time-domain unit. Optionally, the first time-domain unit refers to the first time-domain unit among the M time-domain units.

[0332] Optionally, the above sub-indicator field can also be Q bits.

[0333] For example, suppose the above indication field includes two sub-indication fields, where the first sub-indication field is "010" and the second sub-indication field is "101". Then the first sub-indication field can be used to indicate time domain unit 2, and the second sub-indication field is used to indicate time domain unit 7 (since the offset value indicated by the second sub-indication field is 5, the second sub-indication field is used to indicate time domain unit 7).

[0334] For example, assuming the reader receives the first message in time domain unit 2, by parsing the second indication information in the first message, it determines that the indication field in the second indication information includes two sub-indication fields, the first sub-indication field being "010" and the second sub-indication field being "101". Then, the reader can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 2 based on the first sub-indication field "010" and can determine that the offset value of another time domain unit relative to time domain unit 2 is 5 based on the second sub-indication field "101", thereby determining that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 7.

[0335] In this embodiment, after the position of the first time domain unit is directly indicated by a sub-indication domain of the indication domain, the position of the remaining time domain units only needs to be indicated by the offset value, which helps to reduce the amount of information in the second indication information and reduce communication overhead.

[0336] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field comprising Y bits, each bit corresponding to a time-domain unit within the first inventory cycle; the value of the bit is used to indicate whether the time-domain unit corresponding to the bit is used to send the first message; Y is the number of time-domain units within the first inventory cycle, Y = 2. Q .

[0337] For example, assuming Y = 8, the above indication field includes 8 bits, which correspond to time domain units 0 to 7 in the above inventory cycle.

[0338] Optionally, when the value of the aforementioned bit is 1, it indicates that the time-domain unit corresponding to that bit is used to send the first message; when the value of the aforementioned bit is 0, it indicates that the time-domain unit corresponding to that bit is not used to send the first message. For example, if the aforementioned indication field is "00010010", and "00010010" corresponds to "time-domain unit 0, time-domain unit 1, ..., time-domain unit 7" respectively, then it means that the aforementioned indication field is used to indicate that time-domain units 3 and 6 are used to send the first message; if the aforementioned indication field is "10010000", and "10010000" corresponds to "time-domain unit 0, time-domain unit 1, ..., time-domain unit 7" respectively, then it means that the aforementioned indication field is used to indicate that time-domain units 0 and 3 are used to send the first message.

[0339] For example, suppose the reader receives the first message in time domain unit 3. By parsing the second indication information in the first message, it determines that the indication field in the second indication information includes an indication field, which is "00100001". Then, the reader can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 2 and time domain unit 7 based on the value of each bit in the indication field.

[0340] In this embodiment, the usage status of Y time-domain units is indicated by Y bits in the indicator field. The implementation method is simple and direct, which can effectively reduce the design complexity of the second indicator information.

[0341] In some implementations, when the reader receives the first message sent by the A-IoT device, it can determine the positions of the M time-domain units used by the A-IoT device to send the first message by parsing the second indication information in the first message. In this way, the K-1 first messages sent by the A-IoT device can be eliminated by using the Successive Interference Cancellation (SIC) technique.

[0342] In some implementations, since multiple A-IoT devices may send the first message on the same time-domain unit, this may cause the first messages sent by different A-IoT devices to collide during transmission. SIC technology utilizes the redundancy and separability of signals to gradually eliminate these collisions through an iterative process.

[0343] Specifically, when the reader receives one or more first messages, it first attempts to decode one of them (denoted as first message 1). If decoding is successful, first message 1 is considered a valid first message, and its influence on other time-domain units is eliminated. Then, the reader will attempt to decode other received first messages besides first message 1, and so on, until no valid first message can be decoded.

[0344] For example, refer to Figure 10 When the reader receives the first message (denoted as first message 2) sent by A-IoT device 2 and the first message (denoted as first message 3) sent by A-IoT device 3 in time domain unit 0, the reader cannot successfully decode them because there is a conflict between first message 2 and first message 3 during transmission. When the reader receives the first message 1 sent by A-IoT device 1 in time domain unit 1, the reader can successfully decode it because there is no conflict between first message 1 and other first messages during transmission. At this time, first message 1 can be regarded as a valid first message, and the influence of first message 1 on other time domain units is eliminated. When the reader receives the first message 1 sent by A-IoT device 1 and the first message 2 sent by A-IoT device 2 in time domain unit 2, the reader can successfully decode the first message 2 sent by A-IoT device 2 in time domain unit 2 because the influence of first message 1 on time domain unit 2 has been eliminated. At this time, first message 2 can be regarded as a valid first message, and the influence of first message 2 on other time domain units is eliminated. The reader attempts to decode the other first messages received besides the first message 1 and the first message 2. Since the influence of the first message 2 on the time domain unit 0 has been eliminated, the reader can now successfully decode the first message 3 sent by the A-IoT device 3.

[0345] For example, refer to Figure 10Since both A-IoT device 2 and A-IoT device 3 send the first message in time domain unit 0, the first messages sent by A-IoT device 2 and A-IoT device 3 will conflict during transmission, causing the reader to fail to receive the first messages sent by A-IoT device 2 and A-IoT device 3 in time domain unit 0.

[0346] Furthermore, A-IoT device 1 sends a first message in time domain unit 1. If the reader successfully receives the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 in time domain unit 1, it obtains the second indication information in the first message. Based on the second indication information, it can be determined that A-IoT device 1 will also send the first message in time domain unit 2. Thus, the reader can use SIC technology to eliminate the impact of the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 in time domain unit 2.

[0347] Furthermore, since the reader has used SIC technology to eliminate the impact of the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 in time domain unit 2, it can successfully receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 2 in time domain unit 2.

[0348] The communication method provided in this application embodiment indicates the location of the above M time domain units through the second indication information in the first message. This enables the reader to determine the location of the above M time domain units based on the received first message. As a result, SIC technology can be further used to eliminate possible interference and improve the access success rate of A-IoT devices.

[0349] In some embodiments, during a storage cycle, the reader can instruct m A-IoT devices to initiate random access. If the reader does not receive a first message from at least one of the m A-IoT devices during a storage cycle, a new storage cycle can be started, and the first message can be sent during the new storage cycle.

[0350] For example, in the second inventory cycle, the reader can instruct m A-IoT devices to initiate random access. If, in the second inventory cycle, the reader fails to successfully receive the first message sent by h A-IoT devices, it can start the first inventory cycle and send the aforementioned first information within the first inventory cycle. Here, the second inventory cycle precedes the first inventory cycle, and h is a positive integer less than or equal to m. The h A-IoT devices can be some or all of the m A-IoT devices.

[0351] Understandably, since the second inventory cycle precedes the first inventory cycle, the number of A-IoT devices to be inventoried in the second cycle may be larger. If the second inventory cycle instructs A-IoT devices to send the first message on multiple transmission resources, it would increase the system load and the probability of conflicts between A-IoT devices. In the first inventory cycle, the A-IoT devices to be inventoried are those that failed to be inventoried in the second cycle, and their number is relatively small. Therefore, it is possible to instruct the A-IoT devices to send the first message on multiple transmission resources, increasing the likelihood of the reader successfully receiving the first message.

[0352] In some implementations, the Q value carried in the first message sent by the reader may be different in different inventory cycles.

[0353] For example, if the number of A-IoT devices to be inventoried in the first inventory cycle is less than the number of A-IoT devices to be inventoried in the second inventory cycle, then the Q value corresponding to the first inventory cycle can be less than the Q value corresponding to the second inventory cycle. This can reduce the number of time domain units in the first inventory cycle and reduce the access latency of A-IoT devices.

[0354] Understandably, in some implementations, because the reader needs to send 2 Q Only after receiving the first message will the system confirm successful reception of the first message, and based on the successful reception of the first message, a second message will be sent to the A-IoT device that successfully sent the first message. Therefore, for A-IoT devices, it is necessary to... Q It may take several time-domain units before the second message from the reader can be received. The long waiting time results in a large delay for random access of A-IoT devices.

[0355] In this embodiment, by grouping the time-domain units within each inventory cycle, after the A-IoT device sends the first message on M time-domain units within a time-domain unit group, it can start listening for the second message at the end of the time-domain unit group, thereby effectively reducing the latency of random access by the A-IoT device. Correspondingly, the reader can receive the first message sent by the A-IoT device on M time-domain units within a time-domain unit group, and subsequently send the second message to the A-IoT device based on the time-domain unit group, thereby processing access requests from the A-IoT device more efficiently.

[0356] In some embodiments, the first information includes the number of time-domain unit groups within the first inventory cycle, and / or the number of time-domain units within a time-domain unit group; the M time-domain units belong to the same time-domain unit group.

[0357] Optionally, the number of time-domain units within each time-domain unit group can be exactly the same or not exactly the same.

[0358] When the number of time-domain units in each time-domain unit group is exactly the same, the first information mentioned above may include the number of time-domain unit groups n in the first inventory cycle, or the number of time-domain units x in each time-domain unit group.

[0359] For example, assuming that the first inventory cycle includes 8 time-domain units, and the first information indicates that the number of time-domain unit groups is n=2, or the number of time-domain units in each time-domain unit group is x=4, the time-domain units in the first inventory cycle can be divided into two time-domain unit groups according to their time-domain positions, with each time-domain unit group including 4 time-domain units.

[0360] For example, refer to Figure 11a , Figure 11a This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of a time-domain unit group provided in an embodiment of this application; in Figure 11a In the first inventory cycle, there are two time-domain unit groups: time-domain unit group 1 and time-domain unit group 2. Time-domain unit group 1 includes four available time-domain units, namely time-domain unit 0 to time-domain unit 3; time-domain unit group 2 includes four available time-domain units, namely time-domain unit 4 to time-domain unit 7.

[0361] When the number of time-domain units within each time-domain unit group is not exactly the same, the aforementioned first information can indicate the number of time-domain unit groups n in the first inventory cycle, and the number of time-domain units x within each time-domain unit group, respectively numbered x1, x2, ..., x... i ... x n Where x and n are positive integers, x i This refers to the number of time-domain units in the i-th time-domain unit group, where 1 ≤ i ≤ n.

[0362] When the number of time-domain cells within each time-domain cell group is not exactly the same, in one case, the number of time-domain cells within each time-domain cell group is completely different. For example, refer to... Figure 11b , Figure 11b This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of a time-domain unit group provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 2 When the first information indicates that the number of time-domain unit groups in the first inventory cycle is n=2, and the number of time-domain units in the two time-domain unit groups is x1=3 and x2=5, the time-domain units in the first inventory cycle can be divided into two time-domain unit groups according to their time-domain positions. Time-domain unit group 1 includes 3 time-domain units, and time-domain unit group 2 includes 5 time-domain units.

[0363] In cases where the number of time-domain cells within each time-domain cell group is not entirely the same, another scenario occurs where the number of time-domain cells within each time-domain cell group is partially the same and partially different. For example, refer to... Figure 11c , Figure 11c This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of a time-domain unit group provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 When the first information indicates that the number of time-domain unit groups in the first inventory cycle is n=3, and the number of time-domain units in the two time-domain unit groups is x1=3, x2=3, x3=2, the time-domain units in the first inventory cycle can be divided into three time-domain unit groups according to their time-domain positions. Time-domain unit group 1 and time-domain unit group 2 each contain 3 time-domain units, and time-domain unit group 3 contains 2 time-domain units.

[0364] In some implementations, an A-IoT device can send a first message on K transmission resources, which occupy M time-domain units, and these M time-domain units belong to the same time-domain unit group. K and M are both positive integers, and K ≥ M.

[0365] For example, refer to Figure 12 , Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of a transmission resource provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 12 In the above-mentioned first inventory cycle, assuming there are 8 available time-domain units, these 8 available time-domain units are divided into two time-domain unit groups: Time-domain unit group 1 and Time-domain unit group 2. Time-domain unit group 1 includes 4 time-domain units: Time-domain unit 0, Time-domain unit 1, Time-domain unit 2, and Time-domain unit 3; Time-domain unit group 2 includes 4 time-domain units: Time-domain unit 4, Time-domain unit 5, Time-domain unit 6, and Time-domain unit 7. The reader / writer instructs the A-IoT device that a first message can be sent on two transmission bandwidths: transmission bandwidth 1 and transmission bandwidth 2. Therefore, each time-domain unit group can include a total of 8 different transmission resources. For example, time-domain unit group 1 includes transmission resource 1, transmission resource 2, ..., transmission resource 8. Figure 12 In this context, f represents the frequency.

[0366] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on the same time-domain resource within the same time-domain unit group, meaning that the aforementioned K transmission resources can occupy the same time-domain unit within the same time-domain unit group. For example, when K=2 and M=1, the A-IoT device can send the first message on transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 2 respectively.

[0367] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on different time-domain resources within the same time-domain unit group, meaning that the aforementioned K transmission resources can occupy different time-domain units within the same time-domain unit group. For example, when K=2 and M=2, the A-IoT device can send the first message on transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 3 respectively.

[0368] Optionally, the A-IoT device may choose to send the first message on partially identical time-domain resources within the same time-domain unit group. Here, partially identical time-domain resources can be understood as at least two of the aforementioned K transmission resources occupying the same time-domain unit. For example, when K=4 and M=2, the A-IoT device may send the first message on transmission resource 1, transmission resource 2, transmission resource 3, and transmission resource 4 respectively.

[0369] The communication method provided in this application divides the time-domain units in the first inventory cycle into multiple time-domain unit groups. When an A-IoT device initiates random access, it can send a first message on one or more transmission resources within each time-domain unit group, and then listen for a second message based on the time-domain unit group. This can effectively reduce the access latency of the A-IoT device.

[0370] In some embodiments, when the M time-domain units belong to the same time-domain unit group, the second indication information in the first message can be used to indicate the position of the M time-domain units in the time-domain unit group.

[0371] In some implementations, the A-IoT device can indicate the position of each of the M time-domain units within the time-domain unit group based on the position information of the M time-domain units during the first inventory period (e.g., still using the numbers of each time-domain unit during the first inventory period). That is, the A-IoT device can generate the M sub-indication fields according to the original numbers of the M time-domain units during the first inventory period.

[0372] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields, each of which is used to indicate the position of the M time-domain units in the time-domain unit group.

[0373] Optionally, the above sub-indicator field can be Q bits.

[0374] For example, assuming Q=3 and M=2, the above indication field includes 2 sub-indication fields, each of which is 3 bits.

[0375] Still refer to Figure 11aAssume that the first inventory cycle mentioned above includes two time-domain unit groups, with time-domain unit group 1 including time-domain units 0 to 3 and time-domain unit group 2 including time-domain units 4 to 7.

[0376] Assuming the A-IoT device selects Time Domain Unit 1 and Time Domain Unit 3 in Time Domain Unit Group 1 to send the first message, the two sub-indication fields in this first message can be "001" and "011" respectively. After receiving the first message, the reader can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in Time Domain Unit 1 and Time Domain Unit 3 based on the two sub-indication fields "001" and "011" in the first message.

[0377] Assuming the A-IoT device selects time domain unit 4 and time domain unit 7 in time domain unit group 2 to send the first message, the two sub-indication fields in the first message can be "100" and "111" respectively. After receiving the first message, the reader can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 4 and time domain unit 7 in time domain unit group 2 based on the two sub-indication fields "100" and "111" in the first message.

[0378] In this embodiment, the positions of the M time-domain units in the time-domain unit group can be indicated by the M sub-indication fields in the indication field, which is beneficial for the reader to directly determine the positions of the M time-domain units in the time-domain unit group.

[0379] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field comprising M sub-indication fields. One sub-indication field indicates the position of the first time-domain unit among the M time-domain units, and the remaining M-1 sub-indication fields indicate the offset values ​​of the positions of the other time-domain units among the M time-domain units relative to the position of the first time-domain unit. Optionally, the first time-domain unit refers to the first time-domain unit among the M time-domain units.

[0380] Optionally, the first sub-indicator field can be Q bits; the second sub-indicator field can be (log2 N) bits, where N is the number of time-domain units in the aforementioned time-domain unit group.

[0381] For example, referring to 11a, assuming the A-IoT device selects time domain unit 1 and time domain unit 3 in time domain unit group 1 to send a first message, the first sub-indication field in the first message can be "001" and the second sub-indication field can be "10". After receiving the first message, the reader can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 1 in time domain unit group 1 based on the first sub-indication field, and can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 3 in time domain unit group 1 based on the second sub-indication field (since the offset value indicated by the second sub-indication field is 2, the second sub-indication field is used to indicate time domain unit 3).

[0382] Similarly, assuming the A-IoT device selects time domain unit 4 and time domain unit 7 in time domain unit group 2 to send the first message, the first sub-indication field in the first message can be "100" and the second sub-indication field can be "11". After receiving the first message, the reader can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 4 in time domain unit group 2 based on the first sub-indication field, and can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 7 in time domain unit group 2 based on the second sub-indication field (since the offset value indicated by the second sub-indication field is 3, the second sub-indication field is used to indicate time domain unit 7).

[0383] In this embodiment, after the position of the first time domain unit is directly indicated by a sub-indication domain of the indication domain, the position of the remaining time domain units only needs to be indicated by the offset value, which helps to reduce the amount of information in the second indication information and reduce communication overhead.

[0384] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field comprising Y bits, each bit corresponding to a time-domain unit within the first inventory cycle; the value of the bit is used to indicate whether the time-domain unit corresponding to the bit is used to send the first message; Y is the number of time-domain units within the first inventory cycle, Y = 2. Q .

[0385] For example, assuming Y = 8, the above indication field includes 8 bits, which correspond to time domain units 0 to 7 in the above inventory cycle.

[0386] Optionally, when the value of the aforementioned bit is 1, it indicates that the time-domain unit corresponding to that bit is used to send the first message; when the value of the aforementioned bit is 0, it indicates that the time-domain unit corresponding to that bit is not used to send the first message. For example, assuming the A-IoT device selects time-domain unit 1 and time-domain unit 3 in time-domain unit group 1 to send the first message, the aforementioned indication field can be "01010000", where "01010000" corresponds to "time-domain unit 0, time-domain unit 1, ..., time-domain unit 7" respectively. Assuming the A-IoT device selects time-domain unit 4 and time-domain unit 7 in time-domain unit group 2 to send the first message, the aforementioned indication field can be "00001001", where "00001001" corresponds to "time-domain unit 0, time-domain unit 1, ..., time-domain unit 7" respectively.

[0387] When the reader receives the first message, it parses the second indication information in the first message. If it is determined that the indication field in the second indication information includes an indication field, and the indication field is "01010000", then the reader can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 1 and time domain unit 3 in time domain unit group 1; if the indication field is "00001001", then the reader can determine that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 4 and time domain unit 7 in time domain unit group 2.

[0388] In this embodiment, the usage status of Y time-domain units is indicated by Y bits in the indicator field. The implementation method is simple and direct, which can effectively reduce the design complexity of the second indicator information.

[0389] In some implementations, the A-IoT device can also indicate the position of the M time-domain units according to their position information within their corresponding time-domain unit groups (e.g., renumbering the time-domain units within the time-domain unit groups). This reduces the bit length of the sub-indication fields and simplifies the second indication information. In other words, the A-IoT device can generate the M sub-indication fields according to the numbering of the M time-domain units within their corresponding time-domain unit groups.

[0390] Reference Figure 13 , Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of a time-domain unit group provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 ;exist Figure 13 In the first inventory cycle, there are two time-domain unit groups: Time-domain unit group 1 and Time-domain unit group 2. Time-domain unit group 1 includes 4 available time-domain units, which are renumbered as Time-domain unit 0 to Time-domain unit 3. Time-domain unit group 2 includes 4 available time-domain units, which are renumbered as Time-domain unit 0 to Time-domain unit 3.

[0391] Optionally, the first message may also carry a time-domain unit group number. For example, the first information may include a time-domain unit group indicator field, which may include (log₂ n) bits, where n is the number of time-domain unit groups in the first inventory cycle. If n = 4, it indicates that the first inventory cycle includes 4 time-domain unit groups. Assuming the group numbers of these 4 time-domain unit groups are 0, 1, 2, and 3 respectively, the time-domain unit group indicator field may include 2 bits. When the time-domain unit group indicator field is "00", it indicates time-domain unit group 0; when it is "01", it indicates time-domain unit group 1, and so on.

[0392] For example, refer to Figure 13 The first information (1) can carry the group number of time domain unit group 1, and the first information (5) can carry the group number of time domain unit group 2. When the A-IoT device receives the first information (1), it can renumber the time domain units in time domain unit group 1 based on the number N of time domain units in time domain unit group 1 carried in the first information (1). For example, when N=4, they can be renumbered as time domain unit 0 to time domain unit 3 respectively; and select M time domain units from these 4 time domain units to send the first message. The first message includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the location of the above M time domain units. After the reader successfully receives the first message, it can determine the location of the above M time domain units based on the second indication information carried in the first message.

[0393] For example, when the A-IoT device receives the first information (5), it can renumber the time-domain units in time-domain unit group 2 based on the number N of time-domain units in time-domain unit group 2 carried in the first information (5). For example, when N=4, they can be renumbered as time-domain units 0 to 3 respectively; and select M time-domain units from these 4 time-domain units to send the first message. The first message includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the location of the aforementioned M time-domain units. After successfully receiving the first message, the reader can determine the location of the aforementioned M time-domain units based on the second indication information carried in the first message.

[0394] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields, each of which is used to indicate the position of the M time-domain units in the time-domain unit group.

[0395] Optionally, the above sub-indicator field can be (log2 N) bits, where N is the number of time-domain units in the time-domain unit group.

[0396] For example, assuming N=4 and M=2, the above indication field includes 2 sub-indication fields, each of which is 2 bits.

[0397] Still refer to Figure 13 Assuming the A-IoT device selects Time Domain Unit 1 and Time Domain Unit 3 in Time Domain Unit Group 1 to send the first message, the two sub-indication fields in the first message can be "01" and "11" respectively. If the reader successfully receives the first message sent by the A-IoT device in Time Domain Unit 1 in Time Domain Unit Group 1, then based on the two sub-indication fields "01" and "11" in the first message, it can be determined that the A-IoT device sent the first message in Time Domain Unit 1 and Time Domain Unit 3 in Time Domain Unit Group 1.

[0398] Assuming the A-IoT device selects time domain unit 1 and time domain unit 3 in time domain unit group 2 to send the first message, the two sub-indication fields in the first message can also be "01" and "11" respectively. If the reader successfully receives the first message sent by the A-IoT device in time domain unit 1 in time domain unit group 2, then based on the two sub-indication fields "01" and "11" in the first message, it can be determined that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 1 and time domain unit 3 in time domain unit group 2.

[0399] In this embodiment, the positions of the M time-domain units can be indicated by the M sub-indication fields in the indication field, which is beneficial for the reader to directly determine the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0400] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field comprising M sub-indication fields. One sub-indication field indicates the position of the first time-domain unit among the M time-domain units within the time-domain unit group. The remaining M-1 sub-indication fields indicate the offset values ​​of the positions of the other time-domain units among the M time-domain units relative to the position of the first time-domain unit. Optionally, the first time-domain unit refers to the first time-domain unit among the M time-domain units.

[0401] Optionally, the above sub-indicator field can also be (log2 N) bits, where N is the number of time-domain units in the above time-domain unit group.

[0402] Still refer to Figure 13Assuming the A-IoT device selects time domain unit 1 and time domain unit 3 in time domain unit group 1 to send the first message, the first sub-indication field in the first message can be "01" and the second sub-indication field can be "10". If the reader successfully receives the first message sent by the A-IoT device in time domain unit 1 in time domain unit group 1, then according to the first sub-indication field "01" in the first message, it can be determined that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 1 in time domain unit group 1. According to the second sub-indication field "10" in the first message, it can be determined that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 3 in time domain unit group 1 (since the offset value indicated by the second sub-indication field "10" is 2, the second sub-indication field is used to indicate time domain unit 3).

[0403] Assuming the A-IoT device selects time domain unit 1 and time domain unit 3 in time domain unit group 2 to send the first message, the first sub-indication field in the first message can be "01" and the second sub-indication field can be "10". If the reader successfully receives the first message sent by the A-IoT device in time domain unit 1 in time domain unit group 2, then according to the first sub-indication field "01" in the first message, it can be determined that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 1 in time domain unit group 2. According to the second sub-indication field "10" in the first message, it can be determined that the A-IoT device sent the first message in time domain unit 3 in time domain unit group 2 (since the offset value indicated by the second sub-indication field "10" is 2, the second sub-indication field is used to indicate time domain unit 3).

[0404] In this embodiment, after the position of the first time domain unit in the time domain unit group is directly indicated by a sub-indication domain of the indication domain, the position of the remaining time domain units in the same time domain unit group only needs to be indicated by the offset value, which helps to reduce the amount of information in the second indication information and reduce communication overhead.

[0405] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field comprising N bits, each bit corresponding to a time-domain unit within a time-domain unit group; the value of the bit is used to indicate whether the time-domain unit corresponding to the bit is used to send the first message; N is the number of time-domain units within the time-domain unit group.

[0406] For example, assuming N=4, the above indication field includes 4 bits, which correspond to time domain units 0 to 4 in the above time domain unit group 1, respectively.

[0407] Assuming the A-IoT device selects Time Domain Unit 1 and Time Domain Unit 3 in Time Domain Unit Group 1 to send the first message, the aforementioned indication field can be "0101", where "0101" corresponds to "Time Domain Unit 0, Time Domain Unit 1, Time Domain Unit 2, and Time Domain Unit 3" in Time Domain Unit Group 1, respectively. If the reader successfully receives the first message sent by the A-IoT device in Time Domain Unit 1 of Time Domain Unit Group 1, then based on the indication field "0101" in the first message, it can be determined that the A-IoT device sent the first message in Time Domain Unit 1 and Time Domain Unit 3 of Time Domain Unit Group 1.

[0408] Similarly, assuming the A-IoT device selects Time Domain Unit 1 and Time Domain Unit 3 in Time Domain Unit Group 2 to send the first message, the above indication field can also be "0101", where "0101" corresponds to "Time Domain Unit 0, Time Domain Unit 1, Time Domain Unit 2, and Time Domain Unit 3" in Time Domain Unit Group 2, respectively. If the reader successfully receives the first message sent by the A-IoT device in Time Domain Unit 1 in Time Domain Unit Group 2, then based on the indication field "0101" in the first message, it can be determined that the A-IoT device sent the first message in Time Domain Unit 1 and Time Domain Unit 3 in Time Domain Unit Group 2.

[0409] In this embodiment, the usage status of N time-domain units in the same time-domain unit group is indicated by N bits in the indicator field. The implementation method is simple and direct, which can effectively reduce the design complexity of the second indicator information.

[0410] The communication method provided in this application embodiment indicates the positions of the above-mentioned M time domain units through the second indication information in the first message, so that the reader can determine the positions of the above-mentioned M time domain units in each time domain unit group according to the received first message.

[0411] In some embodiments, the first information includes the number of transmission bandwidth groups within the occupied bandwidth, and / or the number of transmission bandwidths within the transmission bandwidth groups; wherein the K transmission resources correspond to Z transmission bandwidths; the Z transmission bandwidths are located in the same transmission bandwidth group; Z is a positive integer, and K≥Z.

[0412] Optionally, the number of transmission bandwidths within each transmission bandwidth group can be exactly the same or not exactly the same.

[0413] When the number of transmission bandwidths within each transmission bandwidth group is exactly the same, the aforementioned first information may include the number of transmission bandwidth groups 'a' within the occupied bandwidth, or the number of transmission bandwidths 'b' within each transmission bandwidth group. Here, the occupied bandwidth refers to the frequency range that the A-IoT device is allowed to occupy when sending the first message.

[0414] For example, assuming that the bandwidth occupied by an A-IoT device includes 4 transmission bandwidths, and the first information above indicates that the number of transmission bandwidth groups a=2, or the number of transmission bandwidths in each transmission bandwidth group b=2, the transmission bandwidth within the occupied bandwidth can be divided into 2 transmission bandwidth groups according to the frequency domain position, and each transmission bandwidth group includes 2 transmission bandwidths.

[0415] For example, refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the partitioning of a transmission bandwidth group provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 ;exist Figure 14 In the first inventory cycle, time-domain unit group 1 and time-domain unit group 2 are included. Time-domain unit group 1 includes 4 available time-domain units, namely time-domain unit 0 to time-domain unit 3; time-domain unit group 2 includes 4 available time-domain units, namely time-domain unit 4 to time-domain unit 7. The bandwidth occupied by the A-IoT device includes 2 transmission bandwidth groups. Transmission bandwidth group 1 includes 2 transmission bandwidths, namely transmission bandwidth 1 and transmission bandwidth 2; transmission bandwidth group 2 includes 2 transmission bandwidths, namely transmission bandwidth 3 and transmission bandwidth 4. The above-mentioned time-domain units 0 to 3 and transmission bandwidths 1 to 4 can be combined to divide 16 transmission resources, namely transmission resource 1, transmission resource 2, ..., transmission resource 16.

[0416] When the number of transmission bandwidths within each transmission bandwidth group is not exactly the same, the aforementioned first information can indicate the number of transmission bandwidth groups a within the occupied bandwidth, and the number of transmission bandwidths b1, b2, ..., b within each transmission bandwidth group. i ... b n Where b and a are positive integers, b i This refers to the number of transmission bandwidths within the i-th transmission bandwidth group, where 1 ≤ i ≤ a.

[0417] When the number of transmission bandwidths within each transmission bandwidth group is not exactly the same, in one case, the number of transmission bandwidths within each transmission bandwidth group is completely different. For example, when the first information indicates that the number of transmission bandwidth groups within the occupied bandwidth is a=2, and the number of transmission bandwidths within the two transmission bandwidth groups is b1=2 and b2=4, the transmission bandwidth within the occupied bandwidth can be divided into two transmission bandwidth groups according to their frequency domain position. The first transmission bandwidth group includes 2 transmission bandwidths, and the second transmission bandwidth group includes 4 transmission bandwidths.

[0418] In another scenario, the number of transmission bandwidths within each transmission bandwidth group is partially the same and partially different. For example, when the first information indicates that the number of transmission bandwidth groups within the occupied bandwidth is a = 3, and the number of transmission bandwidths within the two transmission bandwidth groups is b1 = 3, b2 = 3, and b3 = 2, the transmission bandwidth within the occupied bandwidth can be divided into three transmission bandwidth groups according to their frequency domain position. The first transmission bandwidth group includes 3 transmission bandwidths, the second transmission bandwidth group includes 3 transmission bandwidths, and the third transmission bandwidth group includes 2 transmission bandwidths.

[0419] In some implementations, the A-IoT device can send the first message across Z transmission bandwidths in a transmission bandwidth group. Both K and Z are positive integers, and K ≥ Z.

[0420] by Figure 14 For example, optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resources on different transmission bandwidths within the same transmission bandwidth group. For instance, when K=2 and Z=2, the A-IoT device can send the first message on transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 2 respectively.

[0421] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on the same transmission bandwidth resource within the same transmission bandwidth group. For example, when K=2 and Z=1, the A-IoT device can send the first message on transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 5 respectively.

[0422] Optionally, the A-IoT device can select K transmission resources to send the first message. Some of these K transmission resources are transmission resources on different bandwidths within the same transmission bandwidth group, and / or some are transmission resources on the same bandwidth within the same transmission bandwidth group. For example, when K=4 and Z=2, the A-IoT device can send the first message on transmission resources 1, 5, 10, and 14 respectively.

[0423] In this implementation, by dividing the occupied bandwidth into multiple transmission bandwidth groups, frequency domain resources can be managed and allocated more precisely. When an A-IoT device initiates random access, it can flexibly select transmission resources within the specified transmission bandwidth group based on the first information to obtain frequency domain gain.

[0424] In some implementations, the first message includes third indication information, which indicates the location of the Z transmission bandwidths.

[0425] It is understood that the way the third indication information indicates the location of the Z transmission bandwidths can be the same as the way the second indication information indicates the location of the M time-domain units in the above embodiment. Specifically, refer to the way the second indication information indicates the location of the M time-domain units in the above embodiment; further details will not be repeated here.

[0426] In some implementations, the A-IoT device may select one of the multiple time-domain unit groups and one of the multiple transmission bandwidth groups, determine multiple transmission resources corresponding to the selected time-domain unit group and transmission bandwidth group, then select K transmission resources from the multiple transmission resources, and send the first message on the K transmission resources.

[0427] For example, with Figure 14 For example, when an A-IoT device selects transmission bandwidth group 1 and time domain unit group 1, the A-IoT device can select K transmission resources from a total of 8 transmission resources, namely transmission resource 1, transmission resource 2, transmission resource 5, transmission resource 6, transmission resource 9, transmission resource 10, transmission resource 13, and transmission resource 14, and send the first message on these K transmission resources.

[0428] When the A-IoT device selects transmission bandwidth group 2 and time domain unit group 1, the A-IoT device can select K transmission resources from a total of 8 transmission resources: transmission resource 3, transmission resource 4, transmission resource 7, transmission resource 8, transmission resource 11, transmission resource 12, transmission resource 15, and transmission resource 16, and send the first message on these K transmission resources.

[0429] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on different time domain units within the same time domain unit group and on the same transmission bandwidth corresponding to the transmission resources within the same transmission bandwidth group. For example, when M=K=4 and Z=1, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resources 1, 5, 9, and 13 respectively; wherein transmission resources 1, 5, 9, and 13 occupy different time domain units within time domain unit group 1, and all occupy transmission bandwidth 1 within transmission bandwidth group 1.

[0430] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on different time-domain units within the same time-domain unit group, or on transmission resources corresponding to the same transmission bandwidth within the same transmission bandwidth group. For example, when M=K=4 and Z=2, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resources 1, 5, 10, and 14 respectively. Here, transmission resources 1, 5, 10, and 14 occupy different time-domain units within time-domain unit group 1; transmission resources 1 and 5 both occupy transmission bandwidth 1 within transmission bandwidth group 1, and transmission resources 10 and 14 both occupy transmission bandwidth 2 within transmission bandwidth group 1.

[0431] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on different time domain units within the same time domain unit group and on different transmission bandwidths within the same transmission bandwidth group. For example, when M=K=Z=2, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 6 respectively; wherein transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 6 occupy different time domain units within time domain unit group 1 and occupy different transmission bandwidths within transmission bandwidth group 1.

[0432] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resources corresponding to partially identical time domain units within the same time domain unit group and partially identical transmission bandwidths within the same transmission bandwidth group. For example, when K=4 and M=Z=2, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resources 1, 2, 5, and 6 respectively; wherein, transmission resources 1 and 2 occupy the same time domain unit (i.e., time domain unit 0) within time domain unit group 1, and transmission resources 5 and 6 occupy the same time domain unit (i.e., time domain unit 1) within time domain unit group 1; transmission resources 1 and 5 occupy the same transmission bandwidth (i.e., transmission bandwidth 1) within transmission bandwidth group 1, and transmission resources 2 and 6 occupy the same transmission bandwidth (i.e., transmission bandwidth 2) within transmission bandwidth group 1.

[0433] Optionally, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on the same time domain unit within the same time domain unit group, and on different transmission bandwidths within the same transmission bandwidth group. For example, when K=Z=2 and M=1, the A-IoT device can choose to send the first message on transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 2 respectively; wherein transmission resource 1 and transmission resource 2 occupy different transmission bandwidths within transmission bandwidth group 1.

[0434] The communication method provided in this application embodiment involves the A-IoT device initiating random access by first selecting one of multiple transmission bandwidth groups and one of multiple time domain unit groups, then determining multiple transmission resources corresponding to the selected transmission bandwidth group and time domain unit group, and finally selecting K transmission resources from these multiple transmission resources and sending a first message on these K transmission resources. This not only increases the probability of the reader successfully receiving the first message and effectively improves the access success rate of the A-IoT device, but also enables fine-grained management of transmission resources.

[0435] In some embodiments, if the reader successfully receives the first message sent by the A-IoT device, it sends a second message (e.g., an ACK message) to the A-IoT device.

[0436] In some implementations, the reader can send a second message within a first time window; the starting position of the first time window is the ending position of the first time-domain unit group, and the ending position is the starting position of the second time-domain unit group; wherein, the first time-domain unit group and the second time-domain unit group are time-domain unit groups within the aforementioned first inventory cycle, the first time-domain unit group and the second time-domain unit group are adjacent, and any time-domain unit in the first time-domain unit group precedes any time-domain unit in the second time-domain unit group; the aforementioned M time-domain units belong to the aforementioned first time-domain unit group.

[0437] In some implementations, after the disking operation in the first time domain unit group is completed, the disking operation in the second time domain unit group can be initiated.

[0438] Reference Figure 15 , Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram showing the location of the first time window described in the embodiments of this application.

[0439] exist Figure 15 In this context, the starting position of the first time window is the ending position of time domain unit group 1, and the ending position is the starting position of time domain unit group 2.

[0440] In some implementations, the reader can confirm the successful receipt of a first message within a first time window, and based on the successful receipt of the first message, send a second message to the A-IoT device that successfully sent the first message. The A-IoT device can listen for the second message within the first time window; if it receives the second message sent by the reader, it can send a third message to the reader.

[0441] Understandably, in some implementations, because the reader needs to send 2 QOnly after receiving the first message will the successful reception of the first message be confirmed. Based on the successful reception of the first message, a second message will be sent to the A-IoT device that successfully sent the first message. Therefore, if the time-domain units within the first inventory cycle are not grouped, then for the A-IoT device, it will be necessary to... Q It may take several time-domain units before the second message from the reader can be received. The long waiting time results in a large delay for random access of A-IoT devices.

[0442] In this embodiment of the application, by grouping the time domain units within the first inventory cycle (assuming that each time domain unit group includes N time domain units), after the A-IoT device sends the first message on M time domain units within a time domain unit group, it only needs to wait N time domain units before receiving the second message from the reader / writer, thereby effectively reducing the latency of random access of A-IoT devices.

[0443] In some embodiments, the first message includes a random number identifier for the A-IoT device, which is used to identify the A-IoT device.

[0444] In some implementations, the second message may include random number identifiers of c A-IoT devices; and / or transmission resource configuration information of the c A-IoT devices, where c is a positive integer less than or equal to m, and the c A-IoT devices are some or all of the m A-IoT devices.

[0445] Optionally, the above random number identifier can be a 16-bit random number, denoted as RN16.

[0446] In some implementations, the second message may include a random number identifier of an A-IoT device. After receiving the second message, if the random number identifier in the second message is the same as the random number identifier corresponding to it, the A-IoT device may choose to send a third message according to a preset sending method.

[0447] Optionally, the above-mentioned preset sending methods include any of the following: sending the third message within a predefined time window, randomly selecting a transmission resource to send the third message, or sending the third message according to preset rules (such as selecting the nearest idle resource in the time domain).

[0448] In this implementation, when the reader successfully receives the first message sent by an A-IoT device, it can carry only the random number identifier of the A-IoT device in the second message. The A-IoT device can then send a third message according to its own circumstances, thereby improving the accuracy of the successful transmission of the third message.

[0449] In some implementations, the second message may include a random number identifier of an A-IoT device and the transmission resource configuration information of the A-IoT device. After receiving the second message, if the random number identifier in the second message is the same as the random number identifier corresponding to it, the A-IoT device may send a third message according to the transmission resources indicated by the transmission resource configuration information.

[0450] In this embodiment, when the reader successfully receives a first message from an A-IoT device, it can reduce signaling overhead and improve the accuracy of resource configuration by carrying the random number identifier of the A-IoT device and the transmission resource configuration information in the same second message.

[0451] In some implementations, the second message may include random number identifiers of two or more A-IoT devices. After receiving the second message, if the random number identifiers in the second message correspond to the same random number identifier, the A-IoT device may choose to send the third message according to the preset sending method. The two or more A-IoT devices are some or all of the m A-IoT devices.

[0452] Reference Figure 16 , Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the signaling flow of a communication method provided in the embodiments of this application. Figure 2 .

[0453] In some embodiments, the above communication method includes:

[0454] S1601. The reader receives a first message sent by the A-IoT device 1, the first message including a random number identifier of the A-IoT device 1.

[0455] S1602. The reader receives a first message sent by the A-IoT device 2, the first message including a random number identifier of the A-IoT device 2.

[0456] It should be noted that steps S1601 and S1602 are not sequential. That is, the reader may receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 first, and then receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 2; it may also receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 2 first, and then receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 1; or it may receive the first messages sent by A-IoT device 2 and A-IoT device 1 simultaneously.

[0457] S1603. The reader sends a second message, which includes a random number identifier for A-IoT device 1.

[0458] S1604. The reader receives a third message sent by A-IoT device 1.

[0459] S1605. The reader sends a second message, which includes a random number identifier for the A-IoT device 2.

[0460] S1606. The reader receives a third message sent by A-IoT device 2.

[0461] In some implementations, if the reader successfully receives the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 and A-IoT device 2, the reader can randomly select one of the A-IoT devices (such as A-IoT device 1) and send a second message. The second message includes an ACK and a random number identifier of A-IoT device 1. After receiving the second message, A-IoT device 1 can send a third message based on the preset sending method.

[0462] After receiving the third message sent by A-IoT device 1, the reader continues to send a second message to A-IoT device 2. The second message includes an ACK, a random number identifier of A-IoT device 2, and transmission resource configuration information of A-IoT device 2. After receiving the second message, A-IoT device 2 can send a third message based on the preset sending method.

[0463] It should be noted that steps S1605 and S1606 can be performed before steps S1603 and S1604. That is, the reader can first send a second message to A-IoT device 2, which includes a random number identifier of A-IoT device 2. After receiving the third message sent by A-IoT device 2, it then sends the second message to A-IoT device 1 and receives the third message sent by A-IoT device 1.

[0464] In this implementation, the reader can dynamically allocate transmission resources to each A-IoT device based on the current network conditions by sending different second messages to different A-IoT devices, thereby reducing the power of transmission resource conflicts.

[0465] In some implementations, the second message may include random identifiers of d A-IoT devices and transmission resource configuration information for the d A-IoT devices. Upon receiving the second message, if the random identifiers in the second message correspond to the same random identifier, the A-IoT device can choose to send a third message according to the transmission resources indicated by the transmission resource configuration information; d is an integer greater than or equal to 2 and less than or equal to m. The d A-IoT devices are some or all of the aforementioned m A-IoT devices.

[0466] Reference Figure 17 , Figure 17 This is a flowchart illustrating a communication method provided in an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 .

[0467] In some embodiments, the above communication method includes:

[0468] S1701. The reader receives a first message sent by the A-IoT device 1, the first message including a random number identifier of the A-IoT device 1.

[0469] S1702. The reader receives a first message sent by the A-IoT device 2, the first message including a random number identifier of the A-IoT device 2.

[0470] It should be noted that steps S1701 and S1702 are not sequential. That is, the reader may receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 first, and then receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 2; it may also receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 2 first, and then receive the first message sent by A-IoT device 1; or it may receive the first messages sent by A-IoT device 2 and A-IoT device 1 simultaneously.

[0471] S1703. The reader sends a second message, which includes the random number identifier of A-IoT device 1, the random number identifier of A-IoT device 2, the transmission resource configuration information of A-IoT device 1, and the transmission resource configuration information of A-IoT device 2.

[0472] S1704.A - IoT device 1 sends a third message based on the transmission resources indicated by its transmission resource configuration information.

[0473] S1705.A-IoT device 2 sends a third message based on the transmission resources indicated by its transmission resource configuration information.

[0474] It should be noted that step S1705 can also be performed before step S1704, depending on the temporal location of the transmission resources of A-IoT device 1 and A-IoT device 2.

[0475] In some implementations, if the reader successfully receives the first message sent by A-IoT device 1 and A-IoT device 2, the reader can send a second message, which includes an ACK and the random number identifier of A-IoT device 1, the random number identifier of A-IoT device 2, the transmission resource configuration information of A-IoT device 1, and the transmission resource configuration information of A-IoT device 2.

[0476] The transmission resource configuration information of A-IoT device 1 is used to indicate the location of the transmission resources for sending the third message to A-IoT device 1, and the transmission resource configuration information of A-IoT device 2 is used to indicate the location of the transmission resources for sending the third message to A-IoT device 2.

[0477] In this embodiment of the application, when the reader successfully receives a first message sent by multiple A-IoT devices, it can reduce signaling overhead and improve the accuracy of resource configuration by carrying the random number identifiers of multiple A-IoT devices and transmission resource configuration information in the same second message.

[0478] The communication method provided in the embodiments of this application has been described above. The apparatus for executing the above communication method, provided in the embodiments of this application, is described below. Those skilled in the art will understand that the methods and apparatus can be combined and referenced with each other, and the related apparatus provided in the embodiments of this application can execute the steps in the above communication method.

[0479] In some embodiments, this application provides a communication device applied in an A-IoT device, referring to... Figure 18 , Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 180 includes:

[0480] The receiving module 1801 is used to receive first information, which is used to instruct the A-IoT device to initiate random access;

[0481] The sending module 1802 is used to send the first message on K transmission resources; the K transmission resources occupy M time domain units, the M time domain units belong to the first inventory cycle, K and M are both positive integers, and K≥M.

[0482] Through the aforementioned communication device 180, when an A-IoT device initiates random access, it can send a first message on one or more transmission resources, thereby increasing the probability that the reader will successfully receive the first message and effectively improving the access success rate of the A-IoT device.

[0483] In some implementations, the value of K is carried in the first information.

[0484] In this implementation, since the value of K is indicated by the reader, the reader can dynamically adjust the value of K according to the actual situation to improve the access success rate of A-IoT devices.

[0485] In some implementations, K is a preset value.

[0486] In this implementation, since K is a preset value, the reader does not need to send the specific value of K each time a random access procedure is triggered, thereby simplifying network signaling and reducing signaling overhead.

[0487] In some implementations, the first information includes first indication information, which is used to instruct the A-IoT device to send a first message using a first transmission mode; the first transmission mode is a transmission mode in which the A-IoT device sends the first message on K transmission resources.

[0488] In this embodiment, when the first information instructs the A-IoT device to initiate random access, it instructs the A-IoT device to send a first message on K transmission resources, thereby enabling flexible management of the transmission mode of the A-IoT device; or, after receiving the first information, the A-IoT device can autonomously send a first message according to its preset K value, increasing the autonomy and flexibility of the A-IoT device.

[0489] In some implementations, the first information includes the number of time-domain unit groups within the first inventory cycle, and / or the number of time-domain units within a time-domain unit group; the M time-domain units belong to the same time-domain unit group.

[0490] In this implementation, by dividing the time-domain units in the first inventory cycle into multiple time-domain unit groups, when an A-IoT device initiates random access, it can send a first message on one or more transmission resources within a time-domain unit group, and subsequently listen for a second message based on that time-domain unit group, which can effectively reduce the access latency of the A-IoT device.

[0491] In some implementations, the first message includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0492] In this implementation, by indicating the positions of the aforementioned M time-domain units, the reader can determine the time-domain position of the first message sent by the A-IoT device based on the positions of the aforementioned M time-domain units, thereby reducing the complexity of receiving data.

[0493] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields, each of which is used to indicate the position of the M time-domain units.

[0494] In this embodiment, the positions of the M time-domain units can be indicated by the M sub-indication fields in the indication field, which is beneficial for the reader to directly determine the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0495] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields. One sub-indication field is used to indicate the position of the first time domain unit among the M time domain units, and the remaining M-1 sub-indication fields are used to indicate the offset values ​​of the positions of the other time domain units among the M time domain units, excluding the first time domain unit, relative to the position of the first time domain unit.

[0496] In this embodiment, after the position of the first time domain unit is directly indicated by a sub-indication domain of the indication domain, the position of the remaining time domain units only needs to be indicated by the offset value, which helps to reduce the amount of information in the second indication information and reduce communication overhead.

[0497] In some embodiments, the above indication information includes an indication field, which includes N bits, each bit corresponding to a time domain unit within the time domain unit group; the value of the bit is used to indicate whether the time domain unit corresponding to the bit is used to send the first message; N is the number of time domain units within the time domain unit group.

[0498] In this embodiment, the usage status of N time-domain units is indicated by N bits in the indicator field, which is simple and direct and can effectively reduce the complexity of the second indicator information.

[0499] In some implementations, the first information includes the number of transmission bandwidth groups within the occupied bandwidth, and / or the number of transmission bandwidths within the transmission bandwidth groups; the K transmission resources correspond to Z transmission bandwidths; the Z transmission bandwidths are located in the same transmission bandwidth group; Z is a positive integer, and K≥Z.

[0500] In this implementation, by dividing the occupied bandwidth into multiple transmission bandwidth groups, frequency domain resources can be managed and allocated more precisely. When an A-IoT device initiates random access, it can flexibly select transmission resources within the specified transmission bandwidth group based on the first information to obtain frequency domain gain.

[0501] In some implementations, the first message includes third indication information, which indicates the location of the Z transmission bandwidths.

[0502] In this embodiment, by indicating the location of the Z transmission bandwidths through the third indication information in the first message, the reader can quickly determine the frequency domain location of the first message sent by the A-IoT device based on the location of the Z transmission bandwidths, thereby reducing the complexity of receiving data.

[0503] In some embodiments, the receiving module 1801 is further configured to:

[0504] Listen for the second message within the first time window; the start position of the first time window is the end position of the first time domain unit group, and the end position of the first time window is the start position of the second time domain unit group; wherein, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are time domain unit groups within the first inventory cycle, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are adjacent, and any time domain unit in the first time domain unit group precedes any time domain unit in the second time domain unit group; the aforementioned M time domain units belong to the first time domain unit group.

[0505] In this implementation, by listening to the second message within the first time window, the latency of random access of A-IoT devices can be effectively reduced.

[0506] In some implementations, the first message includes a random number identifier for the A-IoT device; the receiving module 1801 is further configured to:

[0507] Receive a second message; the second message includes a random number identifier of at least one A-IoT device; and / or, transmission resource configuration information of the at least one A-IoT device.

[0508] In this implementation, by carrying the random number identifier of an A-IoT device and / or transmission resource configuration information in the same second message, the accuracy of resource configuration can be improved and the signaling overhead can be reduced.

[0509] In some embodiments, this application also provides a communication device for use in a reader / writer, referring to... Figure 19 , Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. The communication device 190 includes:

[0510] The sending module 1901 is used to send first information, which is used to instruct at least one A-IoT device to initiate random access.

[0511] The receiving module 1902 is used to receive a first message sent by any one of the at least one A-IoT devices on K transmission resources; the K transmission resources occupy M time domain units, the M time domain units belong to the first inventory cycle, K and M are both positive integers, and K≥M.

[0512] In some implementations, the value of K is carried in the first information.

[0513] In this implementation, the reader can dynamically adjust the value of K according to the actual situation to improve the access success rate of A-IoT devices.

[0514] In some implementations, K is a preset value.

[0515] In this implementation, since K is a preset value in the A-IoT device, the reader does not need to send the specific value of K each time a random access process is triggered, thereby simplifying network signaling and reducing signaling overhead.

[0516] In some implementations, the first information includes first indication information, which is used to instruct the A-IoT device to send a first message using a first transmission mode; the first transmission mode is a transmission mode in which the A-IoT device sends the first message on K transmission resources.

[0517] In this embodiment, when instructing the A-IoT device to initiate random access, the aforementioned first information carries the value of K and instructs the A-IoT device to send the first message on K transmission resources; or, it instructs the A-IoT device to send the first message on K transmission resources according to the K value preset by the A-IoT device, thereby enabling flexible management of the transmission mode of the A-IoT device.

[0518] In some implementations, the above-described sending module is used for:

[0519] If no first message is received from one or more A-IoT devices in the second inventory cycle, the first message is sent in the first inventory cycle; wherein the second inventory cycle is prior to the first inventory cycle.

[0520] In this embodiment, during the first inventory cycle, the reader can send the first information only to A-IoT devices that failed to send the first message during the second inventory cycle, thereby reducing the probability of conflict between the first messages sent by different A-IoT devices.

[0521] In some implementations, the first information includes the number of time-domain unit groups within the first inventory cycle, and / or the number of time-domain units within a time-domain unit group; the M time-domain units belong to the same time-domain unit group.

[0522] In this embodiment, by dividing the time-domain unit in the first inventory cycle into multiple time-domain unit groups, the reader can receive the first message sent by the A-IoT device on one or more transmission resources within a time-domain unit group, and then send the second message to the A-IoT device based on the time-domain unit group, thereby effectively reducing the access latency of the A-IoT device.

[0523] In some implementations, the first message includes second indication information, which is used to indicate the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0524] In this implementation, the reader can accurately determine the positions of the aforementioned M time-domain units through the second instruction information, thereby determining the time-domain position of the first message sent by the A-IoT device and reducing the complexity of receiving data.

[0525] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields, each of which is used to indicate the position of the M time-domain units.

[0526] In this embodiment, the positions of the M time-domain units can be indicated by the M sub-indication fields in the indication field, which is beneficial for the reader to directly determine the positions of the M time-domain units.

[0527] In some embodiments, the second indication information includes an indication field, which includes M sub-indication fields. One sub-indication field is used to indicate the position of the first time domain unit among the M time domain units, and the remaining M-1 sub-indication fields are used to indicate the offset values ​​of the positions of the other time domain units among the M time domain units, excluding the first time domain unit, relative to the position of the first time domain unit.

[0528] In this embodiment, after the reader determines the position of the first time domain unit directly through a sub-indication domain of the indication domain, it can determine the position of the remaining time domain units only through the offset value, which helps to reduce the amount of data processing by the reader.

[0529] In some implementations, the above indication information includes an indication field, which includes N bits, each bit corresponding to a time domain unit within a time domain unit group; the value of the bit is used to indicate whether the time domain unit corresponding to the bit is used to send the first message; N is the number of time domain units within the time domain unit group.

[0530] In this embodiment, the reader can determine the usage status of N time-domain units by using N bits in the indicator field. This method is simple and direct, and can effectively reduce the difficulty for the reader to identify the positions of the aforementioned M time-domain units.

[0531] In some implementations, the first information includes the number of transmission bandwidth groups within the occupied bandwidth, and / or the number of transmission bandwidths within the transmission bandwidth groups; the K transmission resources correspond to Z transmission bandwidths; the Z transmission bandwidths are located in the same transmission bandwidth group; Z is a positive integer, and K≥Z.

[0532] In this implementation, the reader can manage and allocate frequency domain resources more precisely by dividing the occupied bandwidth into multiple transmission bandwidth groups.

[0533] In some implementations, the first message includes third indication information, which is used to indicate the location of the Z transmission bandwidths.

[0534] In this embodiment, the reader can determine the location of the aforementioned Z transmission bandwidths through the third indication information in the first message, thereby determining the frequency domain location of the first message sent by the A-IoT device and reducing the complexity of receiving data.

[0535] In some embodiments, the sending module 1901 is further configured to:

[0536] The second message is sent within the first time window; the starting position of the first time window is the ending position of the first time domain unit group, and the ending position of the first time window is the starting position of the second time domain unit group; wherein, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are time domain unit groups within the first inventory cycle, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are adjacent, and any time domain unit in the first time domain unit group precedes any time domain unit in the second time domain unit group; the aforementioned M time domain units belong to the first time domain unit group.

[0537] In this implementation, by sending the second message within the first time window, the latency of random access of A-IoT devices can be effectively reduced.

[0538] In some implementations, the first message includes a random number identifier for the A-IoT device; the sending module 1901 is further configured to:

[0539] Send a second message, which includes a random number identifier of at least one A-IoT device; and / or, transmission resource configuration information of the at least one A-IoT device.

[0540] In this implementation, by carrying the random number identifier of an A-IoT device and / or transmission resource configuration information in the same second message, the accuracy of resource configuration can be improved and the signaling overhead can be reduced.

[0541] Reference Figure 20 , Figure 20 This is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of another communication device provided in an embodiment of this application. This application provides a communication device 200, which includes: a processor 2001, a memory 2002, and a communication interface 2003.

[0542] The memory 2002 is used to store computer programs, which include program instructions.

[0543] The communication interface 2003 is used to receive signals from other communication devices and transmit them to the processor 2001, or to send signals from the processor 2001 to other communication devices.

[0544] The processor 2001 executes the above-described program instructions to enable the communication device 200 to implement the communication method provided in the above embodiments. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar to those in the related embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0545] Optionally, the processor 2001 can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), etc. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in this application can be directly implemented by a hardware processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules within the processor.

[0546] The memory 2002 may include random access memory (RAM) or non-volatile memory (NVM), etc.

[0547] The communication interface 2003 can be a serial interface, a parallel interface, a network interface, or other special interfaces, etc., and no restrictions are imposed on it in the embodiments of this application.

[0548] This application also provides a communication system, including a reader and an A-IoT device; the content executed by the reader can refer to the content executed by the reader described in the above embodiments, and the content executed by the A-IoT device can refer to the content executed by the A-IoT device described in the above embodiments, which will not be repeated in this application.

[0549] This application also provides a chip including a processor and an interface. The processor and the interface are coupled, the interface is used to receive or output signals, and the processor is used to execute code instructions to implement the communication method provided in the above embodiments. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar to the related embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0550] This application embodiment also provides a module device, which includes a communication module, a power module, a storage module, and a chip module, wherein:

[0551] The power module provides electrical energy to the module device; the storage module stores data and / or instructions; the communication module communicates with external devices; and the chip module retrieves the data and / or instructions stored in the storage module. Combined with the communication module, this achieves the communication method provided in the above embodiments. Its implementation principle and technical effects are similar to the related embodiments described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0552] This application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program. When executed by a processor, the computer program implements the aforementioned communication method.

[0553] The communication methods described in the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, through software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functionality can be stored as one or more instructions or code on or transmitted on a computer-readable medium. A computer-readable medium can include computer storage media and communication media, and can also include any medium that can transfer a computer program from one place to another. A storage medium can be any target medium accessible by a computer.

[0554] In one possible implementation, a computer-readable medium may include RAM, ROM, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium targeted to carry or to store the required program code in the form of instructions or data structures, and accessible by a computer. Furthermore, any connection is appropriately referred to as a computer-readable medium. For example, if software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL, or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of medium. As used herein, disks and optical discs include optical discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray discs, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically, while optical discs reproduce data using laser optical principles. Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

[0555] This application provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program that, when run, causes the computer to execute the aforementioned communication method.

[0556] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution and beneficial effects of this application. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made on the basis of the technical solution of this application should be included within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A communication method characterized by comprising: The method comprises: receiving first information, the first information being used for indicating that an ambient Internet of Things (A-IoT) device initiates random access; sending a first message on K transmission resources; the K transmission resources occupy M time domain units, and the M time domain units belong to a first inventory period; K and M are positive integers, and K≥M.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein: a value of the K is carried in the first information; or the K is a preset value.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the first information comprises first indication information, the first indication information being used for indicating that the A-IoT device sends the first message in a first transmission mode; the first transmission mode is a transmission mode in which the A-IoT device sends the first message on the K transmission resources.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, the first information comprises a number of time domain unit groups in the first inventory period and / or a number of time domain units in a time domain unit group; the M time domain units belong to a same time domain unit group.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, second indication information is included in the first message, the second indication information being used for indicating positions of the M time domain units.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein, the second indication information comprises an indication field, the indication field comprising M sub-indication fields, and the M sub-indication fields are respectively used for indicating the positions of the M time domain units.

7. The method of claim 5, wherein, the second indication information comprises an indication field, the indication field comprising M sub-indication fields, wherein one sub-indication field is used for indicating a position of a first time domain unit in the M time domain units, and remaining M-1 sub-indication fields are used for indicating offset values of positions of other time domain units in the M time domain units relative to the position of the first time domain unit.

8. The method of claim 5, wherein, the indication information comprises an indication field, the indication field comprising N bits, and each bit corresponds to a time domain unit in the time domain unit group; a value of the bit is used for indicating whether the time domain unit corresponding to the bit is used for sending the first message; N is a number of time domain units in the time domain unit group.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, the first information comprises a number of transmission bandwidth groups in a bandwidth and / or a number of transmission bandwidths in a transmission bandwidth group; the K transmission resources correspond to Z transmission bandwidths; the Z transmission bandwidths are located in a same transmission bandwidth group; Z is a positive integer, and K≥Z.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein, third indication information is included in the first message, the third indication information being used for indicating positions of the Z transmission bandwidths.

11. The method of claim 4, wherein, The method further comprises: listening to a second message in a first time window; a start position of the first time window is an end position of a first time domain unit group, and a termination position of the first time window is a start position of a second time domain unit group; wherein the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are time domain unit groups in the first inventory period, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are adjacent, and any time domain unit in the first time domain unit group is before any time domain unit in the second time domain unit group; the M time domain units belong to the first time domain unit group.

12. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that, a random number identifier of an A-IoT device is included in the first message; and the method further comprises: receiving a second message; the second message comprising a random number identity of at least one A-IoT device; and / or, transmission resource configuration information of the at least one A-IoT device.

13. A method of communication, comprising: The method comprises: sending first information, the first information being used for indicating at least one A-IoT device to initiate random access; receiving a first message sent by any one of the at least one A-IoT device on K transmission resources; the K transmission resources occupying M time domain units, the M time domain units belonging to a first inventory period, K and M being positive integers, and K≥M.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein, a value of the K is carried in the first information; or, the K is a preset value.

15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that, The first information comprises first indication information, the first indication information being used for indicating the A-IoT device to send the first message in a first transmission mode. The first transmission mode is a transmission mode in which the A-IoT device sends the first message on the K transmission resources.

16. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that, The sending of the first information comprises: if no first message sent by one or more A-IoT devices is received in a second inventory period, sending the first information in the first inventory period; wherein the second inventory period is prior to the first inventory period.

17. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 16, characterized in that, The first information comprises a number of time domain unit groups within the first inventory period, and / or a number of time domain units within a time domain unit group; the M time domain units belong to a same time domain unit group.

18. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 17, characterized in that, The second indication information comprises an indication domain, the indication domain comprising M sub-indication domains, the M sub-indication domains being respectively used for indicating positions of the M time domain units.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein, The second indication information comprises an indication domain, the indication domain comprising M sub-indication domains, one of the M sub-indication domains being used for indicating a position of a first time domain unit of the M time domain units, and the remaining M-1 sub-indication domains being used for indicating offset values of positions of other time domain units of the M time domain units relative to the position of the first time domain unit.

20. The method of claim 18, wherein, The indication information comprises an indication domain, the indication domain comprising N bits, each of the bits corresponding to a time domain unit within a time domain unit group; a value of the bit being used for indicating whether the time domain unit corresponding to the bit is used for sending the first message; N being a number of time domain units within the time domain unit group.

21. The method of claim 18, wherein, The first information comprises a number of transmission bandwidth groups within an occupied bandwidth, and / or a number of transmission bandwidths within a transmission bandwidth group; 22. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 21, characterized in that, The K transmission resources correspond to Z transmission bandwidths; the Z transmission bandwidths being located in a same transmission bandwidth group; Z being a positive integer, and K≥Z. The first message comprises third indication information, the third indication information being used for indicating positions of the Z transmission bandwidths.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, The method further comprises:

24. The method of claim 17, wherein, ​ sending a second message in a first time window; a start position of the first time window is an end position of a first time domain unit group, and an end position of the first time window is a start position of a second time domain unit group; wherein the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are time domain unit groups in the first inventory period, the first time domain unit group and the second time domain unit group are adjacent, and any time domain unit in the first time domain unit group is before any time domain unit in the second time domain unit group; the M time domain units belong to the first time domain unit group.

25. The method according to any one of claims 13 to 24, characterized in that, the first message includes a random number identifier of the A-IoT device; the method further includes: sending a second message, the second message including a random number identifier of at least one A-IoT device; and / or, transmission resource configuration information of the at least one A-IoT device.

26. A communications device, characterized by the communication device includes a processor and a memory; the processor and the memory are connected to each other, wherein the memory is configured to store a computer program, the computer program includes program instructions, and the processor is configured to invoke the program instructions to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or implement the communication method according to any one of claims 13 to 25.

27. A chip, characterized by the chip includes a processor and an interface, the processor and the interface are coupled; the interface is configured to receive or output signals, and the processor is configured to execute code instructions to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or implement the communication method according to any one of claims 13 to 25.

28. A modular device, comprising: the module device includes a communication module, a power module, a storage module, and a chip module, wherein: the power module is configured to provide power for the module device; the storage module is configured to store data and / or instructions; the communication module is configured to communicate with external devices; the chip module is configured to invoke data and / or instructions stored by the storage module, and in combination with the communication module, implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, or implement the communication method according to any one of claims 13 to 25.

29. A computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, the computer program is executed by the processor to implement the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 12; or implement the communication method according to any one of claims 13 to 25.

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