Solar cell and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The invention provides a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. The solar cell piece comprises a plurality of first current collection electrodes, a plurality of second current collection electrodes, a plurality of first confluence structures and a plurality of second confluence structures, wherein each first confluence structure comprises two first end part connecting wires which are oppositely arranged and a plurality of first bonding pads; the first collector electrode is provided with a first disconnection section at a position corresponding to the first end connecting line; the first disconnection section is provided with a connecting piece, the second current collecting electrode located between the two opposite first end connecting lines is arranged in a penetrating mode at the position corresponding to the first confluence structure extending line, and the second confluence structure is similar to the first confluence structure. According to the invention, the stress concentration and deformation of the edge of the screen are reduced, so that the line type of the collector electrode printed by the screen is uniform, the service life of the screen is prolonged, and in addition, the collector electrode arranged in a penetrating manner is also beneficial to improving the carrier collection capability of the collector electrode.

Description

Cross Reference to Related Applications

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202511310277.9, filed on September 12, 2025, and entitled “Solar Cell and Photovoltaic Module”, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cells, in particular to a solar cell and a photovoltaic module. BACKGROUND

[0003] Screen printing is a key process in the manufacturing of cells, especially in the formation of electrodes, the implementation of local contacts, and cost control.

[0004] In the prior art, screen printing can use a polyimide film (PI) screen, which is commonly used for printing paste for crystalline silicon cells, especially for making long strip-shaped electrode patterns. However, the service life of the PI screen is relatively low, resulting in a relatively high cost of use, and the line type of the electrode printed by the PI screen is not uniform, resulting in poor carrier collection capability.

[0005] Currently, steel screens have the advantages of high service life, low cost, uniform electrode line type, and good carrier collection capability compared to PI screens, so the use of steel screens to form electrodes has been widely applied. However, there are still some other problems to be solved in the use of steel screens to form electrodes. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application provides a solar cell and a photovoltaic module to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present application is implemented as follows: In a first aspect, the present application provides a solar cell, comprising: a plurality of first current collecting electrodes and a plurality of second current collecting electrodes, both extending along a first direction, the first current collecting electrodes and the second current collecting electrodes being alternately arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction intersecting; a plurality of first bus structures and a plurality of second bus structures, both extending along the second direction, the first bus structures and the second bus structures being alternately arranged along the first direction; the first bus structures being electrically connected with the first current collecting electrodes, and the second bus structures being electrically connected with the second current collecting electrodes; The first bus structure comprises two first end connecting lines arranged oppositely along a second direction, and a plurality of first pads arranged between the two first end connecting lines; the first current collecting electrode has a first disconnected section at a position corresponding to the first end connecting line; the first disconnected section is provided with a connecting piece for connecting a plurality of segments obtained by the first disconnected section; at least one second current collecting electrode between the two opposite first end connecting lines is provided through at a position corresponding to the first bus structure extension line; And / or, the second bus structure comprises two second end connecting lines arranged oppositely along a second direction, and a plurality of second pads arranged between the two second end connecting lines; the second current collecting electrode has a second disconnected section at a position corresponding to the second end connecting line; the second disconnected section is provided with a connecting piece for connecting a plurality of segments obtained by the second disconnected section; at least one first current collecting electrode between the two opposite second end connecting lines is provided through at a position corresponding to the second bus structure extension line.

[0008] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide another solar cell, comprising: A plurality of first current collecting electrodes and a plurality of second current collecting electrodes, both extending along a first direction, the first current collecting electrodes and the second current collecting electrodes being arranged alternately along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction intersecting; A plurality of first bus structures and a plurality of second bus structures, both extending along the second direction, the first bus structures and the second bus structures being arranged alternately along the first direction; the first bus structures being electrically connected with the first current collecting electrodes, and the second bus structures being electrically connected with the second current collecting electrodes; The first bus structure comprises two first end connecting lines arranged oppositely along the second direction, and a plurality of first pads arranged between the two first end connecting lines; at least one first current collecting electrode is provided through at a position intersecting with the first end connecting line, and an electrode parameter at the through position is greater than that at other positions; and / or, at least one second current collecting electrode between the two opposite first end connecting lines is provided through at a position corresponding to the first bus structure extension line, and an electrode parameter at the through position is greater than that at other positions; And / or, the second bus structure includes: two second end connection lines disposed opposite to each other along the second direction, and a plurality of second pads disposed between the two second end connection lines; at least one second collector electrode is disposed through at a position intersecting with the second end connection line, and the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions; and / or, at least one first collector electrode located between the two opposite second end connection lines is disposed through at a position corresponding to the extension line of the second bus structure, and the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions; The electrode parameters include at least one of width, height, and surface roughness of the first or second current collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell.

[0009] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a photovoltaic module, comprising a transparent substrate, a first encapsulating film, a plurality of battery strings, a second encapsulating film, and a backsheet stacked sequentially. The battery string includes a plurality of solar cells described in the first or second aspect connected in series.

[0010] In this embodiment of the invention, by setting a break segment and a connector at the corresponding end connection line position of the current collector electrode with the same polarity as the busbar structure, stress concentration and deformation at the edge of the screen are reduced, resulting in uniform current collector electrode lines printed by the screen and improving the lifespan of the screen. Furthermore, a current collector electrode located between two opposite end connection lines, and with a polarity different from the busbar structure, is continuously installed at the position corresponding to the extension line of the busbar structure. This eliminates the need for a break segment and connector design for the current collector electrode with a polarity different from the busbar structure in the middle position of the solar cell. The continuous current collector electrode also facilitates carrier collection. Additionally, the continuous design eliminates the shading caused by the connector at this position, reducing the light-shielding area and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. Furthermore, by eliminating the break segment and connector design at the break position of the current collector electrode with a polarity different from the busbar structure in the middle position, the alignment processing between the connector and the current collector electrode in the middle position is eliminated, reducing process difficulty and solving the problem of inaccurate alignment between the connector and the current collector electrode in related technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the layout structure of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell layout structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell layout structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell layout structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a side view schematic diagram of the printed structure of a current collector electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a top view schematic diagram of the printed structure of a current collector electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell layout structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell layout structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell layout structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell layout structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of another solar cell layout structure according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of another solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a partially enlarged structural diagram of another solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 This is an assembly diagram of a connector according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of a thickened segment according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure label: 10-First collector electrode; 20-Second collector electrode; 30-First bus structure; 40-Second bus structure; 31-First end connection line; 32-First pad; 11-First disconnect segment; 50-Connector; 41-Second end connection line; 42-Second pad; 21-Second disconnect segment; 321-Large first pad; 322-Small first pad; 421-Large second pad; 422-Small second pad; C1-Third disconnect segment; C2-Fourth disconnect segment; D1-Fifth disconnect segment; D2-Second disconnect segment Sixth disconnection segment; F1-Seventh disconnection segment; F2-Eighth disconnection segment; G1-Ninth disconnection segment; H1-Tenth disconnection segment; E1-First end; E2-Second end; 22-First insulating layer; 23-Second insulating layer; 12-Third insulating layer; 13-Fourth insulating layer; 60-Doped layer; 70-Isolation region; 80-First side bus structure; 81-First side end connection line; 82-First side pad; x-First direction; y-First direction; z-Thickness direction; L-First side; K-Second side; V-Thickened segment. Detailed Implementation

[0014] Exemplary embodiments of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the invention and to fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

[0015] like Figure 1 As shown, this invention provides a solar cell comprising: a plurality of first current collector electrodes 10 and a plurality of second current collector electrodes 20, all extending along a first direction x, and the first current collector electrodes 10 and second current collector electrodes 20 being alternately arranged along a second direction y; the first direction x and the second direction y intersect. A plurality of first busbar structures 30 and a plurality of second busbar structures 40, all extending along the second direction y, are also alternately arranged along the first direction x; the first busbar structures 30 are electrically connected to the first current collector electrodes 10, and the second busbar structures 40 are electrically connected to the second current collector electrodes 20.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first bus structure 30 includes: two first end connection lines 31 disposed opposite each other along a second direction y, and a plurality of first pads 32 disposed between the two first end connection lines 31; further referring to Figure 2The first collector electrode 10 has a first break section 11 at the position corresponding to the first end connection line 31; a connector 50 is provided at the position corresponding to the first break section 11 for connecting the multiple segments obtained by the first break section 11 to each other; at least one second collector electrode 20 located between two opposite first end connection lines 31 is provided through the position corresponding to the extension line of the first bus structure 30.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second bus structure 40 includes: two second end connection lines 41 disposed opposite each other along a second direction y, and a plurality of second pads 42 disposed between the two second end connection lines 41; such as Figure 2 As shown, the second collector electrode 20 has a second break section 21 at the position corresponding to the second end connection line 41; a connector 50 is provided at the position corresponding to the second break section 21 for connecting the multiple segments obtained by the second break section 21 to each other; at least one first collector electrode 10 located between two opposite second end connection lines 41 is provided through at the position corresponding to the extension line of the second bus structure 40.

[0018] In this embodiment, the solar cell includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other, that is, two surfaces opposite to each other along the thickness direction of the solar cell are the first surface and the second surface, respectively. The first surface can correspond to the backlight surface, and the second surface can correspond to the light-facing surface. The light-facing surface is the surface that mainly absorbs light, while the backlight surface can also absorb light.

[0019] In some embodiments, if the solar cell is a back-contact cell, the electrode pattern area can be fabricated on the first surface of the solar cell.

[0020] In some embodiments, the solar cell can be an 0BB cell, that is, a cell without a main grid structure on the surface. Each bus structure of the 0BB cell includes end connection lines located near two opposite first side positions of the solar cell, and a plurality of pads arranged between the two end connection lines and spaced apart along the second direction y.

[0021] The electrode pattern area includes multiple first collector electrodes 10, multiple second collector electrodes 20, multiple first bus structures 30, and multiple second bus structures 40. The first collector electrodes 10 and second collector electrodes 20 have different polarities, the first bus structures 30 and second bus structures 40 have different polarities, the first collector electrodes 10 and first bus structures 30 have the same polarity, and the second collector electrodes 20 and second bus structures 40 have the same polarity. Therefore, the first bus structure 30 is electrically connected to the first collector electrode 10, and the second bus structure 40 is electrically connected to the second collector electrode 20. Based on the above connection relationship, collector electrodes of different polarities extending along the first direction x are alternately distributed in the second direction y; and bus structures of different polarities extending along the second direction y are alternately distributed in the first direction x.

[0022] In this system, the current collector electrode collects photogenerated carriers and gathers them onto a busbar structure of the same polarity. The busbar structure is used for collecting and transporting photogenerated carriers. Additionally, the busbar structure provides solder pads (or bonding pads) for interconnects (such as solder strips). During module manufacturing, these interconnects are precisely connected to the busbar structure using a soldering process. The busbar structure provides a robust, low-resistance connection interface for soldering. Current ultimately flows through the solder pads on the busbar structure into the interconnects, thereby connecting individual solar cells in series or parallel to form a solar module with higher voltage and current.

[0023] In this embodiment of the invention, the first collector electrode 10 is interconnected with the first end connection line 31 of the same polarity to achieve current collection. Thus, the first collector electrode 10 has a first break section 11 at the position corresponding to the first end connection line 31, and a connector 50 is provided at the position corresponding to the first break section 11. The connector 50 can connect the multiple segments obtained by the first break section 11 to each other. In addition, for at least one second collector electrode 20 located between two opposite first end connection lines 31, it is provided through at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first bus structure 30.

[0024] The structural form of the connector 50 includes any one of the following: I-shaped (i.e., the width at both ends along the second direction is greater than the width in the middle along the second direction), rectangular (i.e., the width along the second direction is the same), elliptical, and spindle-shaped (i.e., the width in the middle along the second direction is greater than the width at both ends along the second direction). Figure 2 The connector 50 shown has an I-shaped structure. Additionally, the shape of the end of the connector can be heart-shaped or arc-shaped.

[0025] In actual production, the PI screen printing used in existing technologies cannot print finer electrodes, and the printed electrodes have poor flatness, resulting in poor carrier collection. This invention can use a steel screen printing plate instead of a PI screen printing plate. The steel screen printing plate can print finer electrodes with higher flatness, which is beneficial for effective carrier collection. However, during the printing process, the steel wires of the steel screen printing plate are easily deformed due to the pressure from the squeegee. To reduce deformation, more structure needs to be retained on the steel plate to improve its lifespan. Therefore, the steel plate cannot print longer electrodes; only multiple shorter electrode segments can be printed, and these segments are electrically connected by connectors. However, in actual production, taking a single collector electrode as an example, if too many electrodes are disconnected, it will affect the carrier collection effect and increase the difficulty of aligning the connectors with the disconnected positions of the collector electrodes.

[0026] To address the aforementioned issues, this application embodiment addresses the second collector electrode 20 and the first busbar structure 30 with different polarities in the middle region of the electrode pattern area of ​​the solar cell (i.e., the region between two opposing first end connection lines 31). The second collector electrode 20 in the middle region can be configured to pass through the first busbar structure 30 at its corresponding extension line position. This means that the disconnection and connection designs at the intersection of the collector electrode and the busbar structure (which has the opposite polarity) in the middle region are eliminated. The through-connection facilitates carrier collection. Furthermore, the through-connection design eliminates the obstruction caused by the connection at this location, reducing the shading area and improving photoelectric conversion efficiency. Moreover, by eliminating the disconnection and connection designs at the disconnection points of the collector electrode with different polarities in the middle region, the alignment of the connection and the collector electrode at the disconnection points in the middle region can be eliminated. This reduces manufacturing complexity and solves the problem of inaccurate alignment between the connection and the collector electrode in related technologies.

[0027] In addition, for the edge area of ​​the electrode pattern area of ​​the solar cell (i.e., the area outside the middle area), the first collector electrode 10 has a first break section 11 at the position corresponding to the first end connection line 31, and the first break section 11 is provided with a connector 50. That is, the collector electrode break design and connector design in the edge area are retained, thereby reducing the stress concentration and deformation at the edge of the screen, making the collector electrode line type printed by the screen uniform, and also improving the service life of the screen.

[0028] The above embodiments illustrate the design of the first collector electrode and the second collector electrode on the extension line of the first bus structure. The design of the first collector electrode and the second collector electrode on the extension line of the second bus structure is the same as that of the first bus structure, and will not be repeated here.

[0029] Optional, refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, at least one second current collector electrode 20 located between two opposing first end connecting lines 31 has electrode parameters at the point of penetration corresponding to position A1 of the extension line of the first busbar structure 30 that are greater than the electrode parameters at other positions. These electrode parameters include at least one of width, height, and surface roughness of the first current collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell. Surface roughness refers to the difference between the maximum and minimum heights. For the surface roughness at the penetration point, the difference between the maximum and minimum heights of any region (e.g., the middle region) of the penetration point can be used to characterize the surface roughness.

[0030] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments, at least one first current collector electrode 10 located between two opposing second end connection lines 41 has electrode parameters at the point where it passes through the extension line of the second bus structure 40 at position A2, which are greater than the electrode parameters at other locations. These electrode parameters include at least one of width, height, and surface roughness of the second current collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell.

[0031] In this embodiment of the invention, the current collector electrode, which is of opposite polarity to the busbar structure and located between two opposing end connection lines, can be made to be continuous at the position of the extension line of the corresponding opposite-polarity busbar structure. Based on this, for the current collector electrode located in the region between the two opposing end connection lines and which is of opposite polarity to the end connection lines, the electrode parameters at the position corresponding to the opposite-polarity busbar structure can be greater than the electrode parameters at other positions. That is, at the position corresponding to the opposite-polarity busbar structure, at least one of the following can be implemented: thickening design, increased thickness (i.e., increased height of the electrode protruding from the cell surface), or high surface roughness design. Figure 3 The thickened and reinforced design at positions A1 and A2 increases the carrier collection area of ​​the current collector electrode, thereby improving its carrier collection capacity and enhancing the performance of the solar cell. Correspondingly, for electrode segments with larger electrode parameters, the openings in the screen printing for those segments can be larger. This ensures the paste flows out from the larger openings, preventing discontinuities or poor leveling in the printed current collector electrode. Furthermore, steel wires can be placed within the larger openings to strengthen the screen's structure, thus extending its lifespan. The increased surface roughness at this location reflects light incident on the electrode back to the solar cell surface, improving the solar cell's light utilization efficiency. Additionally, when covering this location with an insulating layer, the high surface roughness increases the contact area with the insulating adhesive, improving the adhesion of the insulating layer.

[0032] In other embodiments, for the collector electrode located between two opposing end connection lines, whose polarity is different from that of the end connection line, the electrode parameters at the corresponding position of the opposite-polarity busbar extension line can be the same as at other positions. This embodiment of the invention does not limit this. Furthermore, all second collector electrodes located between two opposing first end connection lines may have the above design, or at least some of the second collector electrodes located between two opposing first end connection lines may have the above design. This embodiment of the invention does not limit this. The same applies to the first collector electrode located between two opposing second end connection lines, and will not be elaborated here.

[0033] Optional, refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, at least one second current collector electrode 20 located between two opposing first end connection lines 31 has electrode parameters at position B1 near the extension line of the first bus structure 30 that are greater than those near the extension line of the second bus structure 40. These electrode parameters include at least one of width, height, and surface roughness of the second current collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments, at least one first current collector electrode 10 located between two opposing second end connection lines 41 has electrode parameters at position B2 near the extension line of the second bus structure 40 that are greater than those near the extension line of the first bus structure 30. These electrode parameters include at least one of width, height, and surface roughness of the first current collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell.

[0035] In this embodiment of the invention, for the current collector electrode located in the region between two opposing end connection lines, where the polarity is different from that of the end connection lines, the electrode parameters near the busbar extension line with the opposite polarity to the current collector electrode can be greater than the electrode parameters near the busbar extension line with the same polarity as the current collector electrode. This allows the current collector electrode to have at least one of the following designs: thickened design, high surface roughness design, etc., thereby further improving the carrier collection capability of the current collector electrode, increasing the structural strength of the screen, and improving the light utilization efficiency of the solar cell.

[0036] It should be noted that the opening areas at positions A1 and B1 in the screen printing can both be relatively large, so that the first collector electrode 10 can simultaneously achieve electrode parameters at positions A1 and B1 that are greater than those at other positions.

[0037] For example, refer to Figure 3Wherein, position A1 refers to the position of the second collector electrode 20 located between the two opposite first end connection lines 31 and on the extension line of the first bus structure 30; position B1 refers to the position of the second collector electrode 20 located between the two opposite first end connection lines 31 and close to the extension line of the first bus structure 30; position B1 and position A1 may be connected or not connected.

[0038] Position A2 refers to the position in the first collector electrode 10 located between the two opposite second end connection lines 41 and on the extension line of the second bus structure 40; position B2 refers to the position in the first collector electrode 10 located between the two opposite second end connection lines 41 and close to the extension line of the second bus structure 40. Positions B2 and A2 may be connected or not connected.

[0039] In other embodiments, all second collector electrodes located between two opposing first end connection lines may have the above design, or at least some of the second collector electrodes located between two opposing first end connection lines may have the above design. The present invention does not limit this, and the same applies to the first collector electrodes located between two opposing second end connection lines, which will not be described in detail here.

[0040] Optional, refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, a second current collector electrode 20 located between and near the two opposing first end connection lines 31 has electrode parameters at position B1 near the extension line of the first bus structure 30 that are greater than those at position B1 near the extension line of the second bus structure 40. These electrode parameters include at least one of width, height, and surface roughness of the second current collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell.

[0041] Reference Figure 3 In some embodiments, a first collector electrode 10 located between two opposing second end connection lines 41 and close to the second end connection line 41 has an electrode parameter at position B2 near the extension line of the second bus structure 40 that is greater than the electrode parameter at position near the extension line of the first bus structure 30; wherein the electrode parameter includes at least one of width, height and surface roughness of the first collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell.

[0042] In this embodiment of the invention, reference is made to Figure 1Each first bus structure 30 may include a plurality of first pads 32 spaced apart along the second direction y. The plurality of first pads 32 include a larger first pad 321 and a smaller first pad 322. Typically, the larger first pads 321 are located near the edge of the solar cell. The number of larger first pads 321 is not limited. In some examples, the first pad 32 electrically connected to the first end connection line 31 is a larger first pad 321, and the remaining first pads 32 are smaller first pads 322. In other examples, the first pad 321 electrically connected to the first end connection line 31, as well as at least one first pad 32 near the first end connection line 31, are all larger first pads 321.

[0043] Each second bus structure 40 may include a plurality of second pads 42 spaced apart along the second direction y. The plurality of second pads 42 include larger second pads 421 and smaller second pads 422. Typically, the larger second pads 421 are located near the edge of the solar cell. The number of larger second pads 421 is not limited. In some examples, the second pads 42 electrically connected to the second end connection line 41 are larger second pads 421, and the remaining second pads 42 are smaller second pads 422. In other examples, the second pads 421 electrically connected to the second end connection line 41, as well as at least one second pad 42 near the second end connection line 41, are all larger second pads 421.

[0044] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 3 The electrode parameter design at position B1 can be reflected only on the second collector electrode 20 closest to the large-size first pad 321; the electrode parameter design at position B2 can be reflected only on the first collector electrode 10 closest to the large-size second pad 421.

[0045] Because the second pad 421 is larger in size, and the second pad 421 and the surrounding area lack the first collector electrode 10 for collecting electrons or holes, the electrode parameter of the second collector electrode 20 near the first pad 321 at position B1 is made larger than the electrode parameter near the extension line of the first bus structure 30, thereby increasing the ability to collect electrons or holes at the second pad 421 and the surrounding area.

[0046] In some embodiments, the electrode parameter design at position B1 can be reflected in a plurality of second collector electrodes 20 near the large-size first pad 321; the electrode parameter design at position B2 can be reflected in a plurality of first collector electrodes 10 near the large-size second pad 421.

[0047] For example, the electrode parameter design at position B1 can be reflected in one, two, or three second collector electrodes 20 that are closest to the large-size first pad 321.

[0048] In some embodiments, the electrode parameter design of position B1 can be reflected in all the second collector electrodes 20 located between the two opposite first end connection lines 31; the electrode parameter design of position B2 can be reflected in all the first collector electrodes 10 located between the two opposite second end connection lines 41.

[0049] It should be noted that the length of position B1 is greater than or equal to L1 / 3 and less than or equal to L1, where L1 is the spacing between adjacent first bus structures 30 and second bus structures 40. Specifically, it can refer to the spacing between the large-size first pad 321 in the first bus structure 30 and the large-size second pad 421 in the second bus structure 40. The starting end of position B1 can be flush with the boundary of the large-size first pad 321 in the first bus structure 30 near the boundary of the second bus structure 40.

[0050] Optional, refer to Figure 4 In some embodiments, at least one second collector electrode 20 located between and near the first end connection line 31 has a third disconnect segment C1 at the position of the extension line of the first bus structure 30. The third disconnect segment C1 is provided with a connector 50 for connecting the multiple segments obtained by the third disconnect segment C1 to each other.

[0051] Reference Figure 4 In some embodiments, at least one first collector electrode 10 located between and near the second end connection line 41 has a fourth disconnect segment C2 at the position of the extension line of the second bus structure 40. The fourth disconnect segment C2 is provided with a connector 50 for connecting the multiple segments obtained by the fourth disconnect segment C2 to each other.

[0052] In this embodiment of the invention, for the collector electrode located between two opposing end connection lines, close to the end connection line, and of opposite polarity to the end connection line (i.e., the collector electrode close to the large pad and of opposite polarity to the large pad), a disconnection can be made at the position of the corresponding opposite polarity bus structure extension line. A connector 50 is provided at the disconnection position to connect the segments of the multiple collector electrodes obtained by the disconnection segment. Since the large pad electrically connected to the end connection line affects the printing effect of the nearby collector electrodes of opposite polarity to the large pad, this invention, through the above-described disconnection design and connector, ensures that the collector electrodes close to the large pad are printed with a shorter dimension, reducing stress in the screen, increasing the rigidity of the steel plate at this location, reducing deformation, improving the lifespan of the screen, and also improving the uniformity of the printed collector electrode line shape. Furthermore, the connector also connects the multiple segments divided by the disconnection segment to form a longer collector electrode, ensuring a longer transmission length for the collector electrode.

[0053] It should be noted that the above-mentioned discontinuity design can be adopted when the lifespan of the steel plate is required to be high. When the collection efficiency is high, the positions corresponding to the third discontinuity segment C1 and the fourth discontinuity segment C2 can be designed to be through without thickening, or they can be designed to be through and thickened.

[0054] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 4 The disconnection design and connector of the third disconnection segment C1 can be set only on the second collector electrode 20 closest to the large-size first pad 321; the disconnection design and connector of the fourth disconnection segment C2 can be set only on the first collector electrode 10 closest to the large-size second pad 421.

[0055] In some embodiments, the disconnection design and connector of the third disconnection segment C1 can be disposed on a plurality of second collector electrodes 20 near the large-size first pad 321; the disconnection design and connector of the fourth disconnection segment C2 can be disposed on a plurality of first collector electrodes 10 near the large-size second pad 421.

[0056] Optional, refer to Figure 5 The second current collector 20, located near the first side L of the solar cell, has a fifth break segment D1 at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first end connection line 41. The fifth break segment D1 is provided with a connector 50 for connecting the multiple segments obtained by the fifth break segment D1 to each other. The length of the fifth break segment D1 is greater than or equal to the length of the first break segment 11. The length of the connector 50 corresponding to the fifth break segment D1 is greater than or equal to the length of the connector 50 corresponding to the first break segment 11. The first side L is parallel to the first direction x.

[0057] In this embodiment of the invention, the first break segment 11 is a break segment of the first collector electrode 10 at the position corresponding to the first end connection line 31, and the fifth break segment D1 is a break segment of the second collector electrode 20 near the first side L at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first end connection line 41. The length of the fifth break segment D1 is greater than or equal to the length of the first break segment 11, and the length of the connector 50 corresponding to the fifth break segment D1 is greater than or equal to the length of the connector 50 corresponding to the first break segment 11. Because the screen is subjected to greater stress at the edge and is prone to deformation, a larger length of the fifth break segment D1 near the edge can disperse the stress at the edge of the screen, preventing deformation and thus improving the service life of the screen.

[0058] In addition, when the length of the fifth disconnection segment D1 is equal to the length of the first disconnection segment 11, the charge carriers collected by the first collector electrode 10 with the first disconnection segment 11 and the second collector electrode 20 with the fifth disconnection segment D1 are uniform, thereby improving the charge carrier collection capability of the collector electrode and forming an aesthetically pleasing electrode pattern.

[0059] Optional, refer to Figure 5 The second collector electrode 20 has a sixth disconnect segment D2 at the position of the first end connection line 31.

[0060] In some embodiments, the length of the fifth break segment D1 is equal to the length of the sixth break segment D2. This ensures that when printing the second collector electrode, the length of the corresponding retained portion on the screen is the same for the position corresponding to the first end connection line, making the force on the screen more uniform at the position corresponding to the first end connection line and ensuring that the printed second collector electrode has a uniform line shape.

[0061] In some embodiments, the length of the sixth disconnection segment D2 is greater than the length of the first disconnection segment 11. The larger length of the sixth disconnection segment D2 can increase the spacing between the second collector electrode 20 and the first end connection line 31, avoiding short circuits caused by contact between the second collector electrode 20 and the first end connection line 31; while the smaller length of the first disconnection segment 11 is to ensure a longer carrier collection length for the first collector electrode.

[0062] Optional, refer to Figure 1In some embodiments, the lengths of the multiple first disconnected segments 11 are the same; in other embodiments, the lengths of the connecting members 50 provided on the multiple first disconnected segments 11 are the same. In this embodiment of the invention, the equal lengths of the multiple first disconnected segments 11 and the equal lengths of the connecting members 50 provided on the multiple first disconnected segments 11 ensure that the opening sizes corresponding to the first disconnected segments on the screen are consistent, resulting in uniform stress distribution on the screen and uniform linearity of the first current collector electrode printed by the screen. Furthermore, this allows the multiple first current collector electrodes located near the edge of the solar cell extending along the first direction to be printed with shorter lengths, reducing stress concentration at the edge of the screen during printing, improving the linear uniformity of the first current collector electrode, and further enhancing the carrier collection capacity of the first current collector electrode, thereby improving the performance of the solar cell.

[0063] Reference Figure 1 In some embodiments, multiple second disconnect segments 21 have the same length. The effect of having the same length of the second disconnect segments on the second collector electrode is similar and will not be described again here.

[0064] In some embodiments, the surface roughness of the connector away from the battery body is greater than the surface roughness of at least a portion of the first or second current collector electrode. This roughens the surface of the connector, which increases the area of ​​the solder covering the connection portion, thereby increasing the welding pull between the solder strip and the connection portion.

[0065] Optional, refer to Figure 1 Both the first collector electrode 10 and the second collector electrode 20 include multiple collector electrode segments spaced apart, as shown in the reference. Figure 6 Along the first direction x, the collector electrode segment has a first end E1 and a second end E2. Multiple collector electrode segments are formed by disconnecting the first collector electrode 10. The disconnection locations of the first collector electrode 10 may include, but are not limited to, the location at the second end connection line 41, the location at the second pad 42 electrically connected to the second end connection line 41, the intersection with the first end connection line 31, and the intersection with the first pad 32. The collector electrode segments are electrically connected together at the first end connection line 31 by a connector 50, and at the first pad 32, the collector electrode segments are electrically connected together by the first pad 32.

[0066] The disconnection points of the second collector electrode 20 may include, but are not limited to, the location at the first end connection line 31, the location at the first pad 32 electrically connected to the first end connection line 41, the location at the intersection with the second end connection line 41, and the location at the intersection with the second pad 42. Furthermore, multiple collector electrode segments of the second collector electrode 20 are electrically connected together at the location at the second end connection line 41 via connector 50, and are electrically connected together at the location at the second pad 42 via the second pad 42.

[0067] It should be noted that the edge shapes of the first end E1 and the second end E2 can be arc-shaped, heart-shaped, or conical. The width and height of the first end E1 and the second end E2 can refer to the maximum width and maximum height of the first end E1 and the second end E2.

[0068] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6 The electrode parameters at the first end E1 are different from those at the second end E2. In some examples, the electrode parameters at the first end E1 of the first current collector electrode or the second current collector electrode located at the edge region of the solar cell are different from those at the second end E2.

[0069] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 6 and Figure 7 The electrode parameters of the first end E1 and / or the second end E2 are greater than the electrode parameters of E3 at other locations besides the first end E1 and the second end E2. These electrode parameters include at least one of width, height, and surface roughness of the first or second current collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell. In some examples, in the first or second current collector electrode located in the edge region of the solar cell, the electrode parameters of the first end E1 and / or the second end E2 are greater than the electrode parameters of E3 at other locations besides the first end E1 and the second end E2.

[0070] It should be noted that the other positions E3 mentioned above can be all positions other than the first end E1 and the second end E2, or they can be some of the positions other than the first end E1 and the second end E2. For example, the positions corresponding to the thickening, thickening, and high surface roughness mentioned above may not be included.

[0071] In this embodiment of the invention, when printing current collector electrodes on the surface of a solar cell using a screen printing plate, the current collector electrodes are printed along the first direction x, forming a printing start end and a printing end end for each current collector electrode segment. The printing start end is the position where the electrode structure of the current collector electrode segment appears, and the printing end end is the position where the electrode structure of the current collector electrode segment disappears.

[0072] In some embodiments, such as Figure 6The first end of the current collector electrode segment can be the printing start end, and the second end of the current collector electrode segment can be the printing end end.

[0073] In some embodiments, the second end of the current collector segment can be the printing start end, and the first end of the current collector segment can be the printing end end.

[0074] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 6 The grid line height h1 at the first end E1 is different from the grid line height h2 at the second end E2. The grid line height is the protrusion height of the current collector electrode along the thickness direction z of the solar cell. The difference between the grid line height h1 at the first end E1 and the grid line height h2 at the second end E2 can reduce the precision requirements of the process, thereby reducing the process difficulty and improving process efficiency.

[0075] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 6 The gate line height h1 at the first end E1 is less than the gate line height h2 at the second end E2.

[0076] Because the ends of the collector electrode segment require a larger area to collect charge carriers, the gate line height and width of the first end E1 and the second end E2 can be greater than the gate line height and width at other locations E3 mentioned above, in order to ensure better collection of charge carriers. Furthermore, when the first end E1 and the second end E2 need to contact a busbar structure or solder joint of the same polarity, a larger surface roughness of the first end E1 and the second end E2 can ensure a larger contact area and reduce contact resistance.

[0077] In addition, since at least some of the ends of the current collector electrode segments need to contact the bus structure, welding point or connector of the same polarity as the current collector electrode segment, the surface roughness of the first end E1 and the second end E2 is larger, which can ensure a larger contact area, reduce contact resistance and improve electrical connection performance.

[0078] Optionally, in some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 8 In the same straight line m extending along the second direction y, the electrode parameters of the multiple first collector electrodes 10 located on the straight line m and at the edge position m1 of the solar cell are less than the electrode parameters of the multiple first collector electrodes 10 located on the straight line m and at the middle position m2 of the solar cell.

[0079] In some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 8In the same straight line m extending along the second direction y, the electrode parameters of the plurality of second current collector electrodes 20 located on the straight line m and at the edge position m1 of the solar cell are less than the electrode parameters of the plurality of second current collector electrodes 20 located on the straight line m and at the middle position m2 of the solar cell; wherein, the electrode parameters include at least one of width, height, and surface roughness of the first current collector electrode or the second current collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell.

[0080] It should be noted that, regarding the determination of the edge position m1 and the middle position m2, in one embodiment, since the electrode parameters of the collector electrodes in the middle region of the solar cell are the same, the boundary of the middle position can be determined based on this characteristic, according to multiple second collector electrodes with the same electrode parameters. Specifically, among the multiple second collector electrodes with the same electrode parameters, the two second collector electrodes closest to the connecting line of the two opposite ends can be determined as the boundary of the middle position in the second direction y; the other positions besides the middle position are the edge positions.

[0081] In another embodiment, the area between the two opposite end connecting lines can be defined as the middle position, while the area traversed by each of the two opposite end connecting lines can be defined as the edge position.

[0082] in, Figure 8 Only one division method is shown. There may be other division methods for the edge position m1 and the middle position m2. This embodiment of the invention does not limit this method.

[0083] Specifically, since the middle position of a solar cell is mainly used to collect charge carriers, the electrode parameters of the collector electrode in the middle position of the solar cell are larger, which is beneficial to improving the charge carrier collection capability in the middle position of the solar cell.

[0084] Optional, refer to Figure 8 In some embodiments, for the second collector electrodes 20 located on both sides of the first end connection line 31, a first insulating layer 22 is provided near the first end connection line 31; for the second collector electrodes 20 located between two opposing first end connection lines 31, a second insulating layer 23 is provided at a position corresponding to the extension line of the first bus structure 30; wherein the width of the second insulating layer 23 is greater than the width of the first insulating layer 22, and / or, the thickness of the second insulating layer 23 is greater than the thickness of the first insulating layer 22. It should be noted that... Figure 8 Only partial locations of the first insulating layer 22 and the second insulating layer 23 are shown; the remaining locations of the first insulating layer 22 and the second insulating layer 23 are omitted.

[0085] In one embodiment, such as Figure 8As shown, each first insulating layer 22 may only cover the two ends where the second collector electrode 20 is disconnected, but does not cover the first end connection line 31.

[0086] In another embodiment, each first insulating layer 22 may cover the two ends of the second collector electrode 20 at the break point, and cover the first end connection line 31 between the two opposite ends.

[0087] Reference Figure 8 In some embodiments, a third insulating layer 12 is provided near the second end connection line 41 for the first collector electrode 10 located on both sides of the second end connection line 41; a fourth insulating layer 13 is provided for the first collector electrode 10 located between two opposing second end connection lines 41 at a position corresponding to the extension line of the second bus structure 40; wherein the width of the fourth insulating layer 13 is greater than the width of the third insulating layer 12, and / or the thickness of the fourth insulating layer 13 is greater than the thickness of the third insulating layer 12. It should be noted that... Figure 8 Only parts of the fourth insulating layer 13 and the third insulating layer 12 are shown; the remaining parts of the fourth insulating layer 13 and the third insulating layer 12 are omitted.

[0088] In this embodiment of the invention, a first insulating layer 22 is provided near the first end connection line 31 for the second collector electrode 20 located on both sides of the first end connection line 31. This is done to prevent the end of the second collector electrode 20 from contacting the first end connection line 31 and causing a short circuit. The same applies to the third insulating layer 12 on the first collector electrode 10 located on both sides of the second end connection line 41. Similarly, the second insulating layer 23 provided at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first bus structure 30 for the second collector electrode 20 located between two opposing first end connection lines 31, and the fourth insulating layer 13 provided at the position corresponding to the extension line of the second bus structure 40 for the first collector electrode 10 located between two opposing second end connection lines 41, are all designed to prevent the solder strip electrically connected to the bus structure from being electrically connected to a collector electrode with a polarity different from that of the bus structure, thus avoiding the risk of a short circuit.

[0089] Specifically, solder ribbons pass over the second insulating layer 23 and the fourth insulating layer 13. To prevent the solder ribbons from piercing the insulating adhesive and connecting with the opposite-shaped current collector below, thus causing a short circuit, the thickness of the fourth insulating layer 13 and the second insulating layer 23 needs to be designed to be relatively large. Furthermore, to ensure that the opposite-shaped current collector at the location where the solder ribbons pass is completely covered by the insulating adhesive, the width of the fourth insulating layer 13 and the second insulating layer 23 needs to be designed to be relatively large to avoid cross-regional short circuits. Especially when the current collector positions below the second insulating layer 23 and the fourth insulating layer 13 are thickened and reinforced, the width and thickness of the fourth insulating layer 13 and the second insulating layer 23 need to be even greater to effectively prevent short circuits.

[0090] Optional, refer to Figure 9 The solar cell includes multiple doped layers 60, with a first current collector 10 and a second current collector 20 each disposed on the corresponding doped layer 60; an isolation region 70 is formed between adjacent doped layers 60; and a second insulating layer 23 and / or a fourth insulating layer 13 also cover part of the isolation region 70. Figure 9 Only parts of the fourth insulating layer 13 and the second insulating layer 23 are shown; the remaining parts of the fourth insulating layer 13 and the second insulating layer 23 are omitted.

[0091] In this embodiment of the invention, the first collector electrode 10 and the second collector electrode 20 are respectively disposed on the corresponding doped layer 60. For example, the first collector electrode with P polarity is disposed on the P-type doped layer, and the second collector electrode with N polarity is disposed on the N-type doped layer. The P-type doped layer and the N-type doped layer are disposed alternately, and the adjacent P-type doped layer and N-type doped layer are separated by an isolation region 70 (gap region).

[0092] In some embodiments, the second insulating layer 23 and the fourth insulating layer 13 also partially cover the isolation region 70. This is done to ensure that the second insulating layer 23 and the fourth insulating layer 13 are as wide as possible, avoiding process errors that could result in the second insulating layer 23 and the fourth insulating layer 13 not completely covering the dissimilar collector electrode. Furthermore, if the collector electrode is printed too wide, process errors could cause it to be printed within the isolation region 70. Wider second insulating layers 23 and fourth insulating layers 13 can further prevent recombination of the collector electrode within the isolation region 70.

[0093] Optionally, in some embodiments, refer to Figure 4The first collector electrode 10, located between two opposing first end connection lines 31, has a seventh break segment F1 at the position of the extension line of the first bus structure 30; the first pad 32 is used to connect the multiple segments obtained by the seventh break segment F1 to each other; the length of the seventh break segment F1 is equal to the length of the first break segment 11. With this scheme, when printing the first collector electrode 10, the lengths of the structures retained on the steel plate along the second direction corresponding to the positions of the first break segment 11 and the seventh break segment F1 are the same. Thus, when printing the first collector electrode 10, the steel plate experiences the same force along the second direction, which helps to improve the lifespan of the steel plate.

[0094] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 4 The second collector electrode 20, located between the two opposite second end connecting lines 41, has an eighth disconnect segment F2 at the position of the extension line of the second bus structure 40; the second pad 42 is used to connect the multiple segments obtained by the eighth disconnect segment F2 to each other; the length of the eighth disconnect segment F2 is equal to the length of the second disconnect segment 21. The effect can be referred to the above, and will not be repeated here.

[0095] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the first collector electrode 10 located between the two opposite first end connection lines 31 can also be arranged in a continuous manner at the position of the extension line of the first bus structure 30. This is because in the IV (capacitance-voltage) test scenario of solar cells, the above design can make the length of the collector electrode contacted by the test probe the same, thereby improving the accuracy of IV test.

[0096] In this embodiment of the invention, the collector electrode located between two opposing end connection lines and having the same polarity as the end connection lines can be designed to be disconnected at the same polarity pad. The disconnected part is covered by the same polarity pad to connect the multiple segments obtained after the disconnection. The purpose of this is to ensure that the same polarity collector electrodes between the two opposing end connection lines can be printed with a shorter and more consistent length, thereby ensuring the stress of the screen and improving the service life of the screen. In addition, such printing can also ensure that the same polarity collector electrodes between the two opposing end connection lines have a uniform line shape, so that the collector electrodes can collect charge carriers uniformly.

[0097] Optionally, in some embodiments, reference is made to Figure 10The solar cell further includes: a first side bus structure 80 located on the second side K of the solar cell, the first side bus structure 80 including: two first side end connection lines 81 arranged opposite each other along the second direction y, and a plurality of first side pads 82 disposed between the two first side end connection lines 81; the first collector electrode 10 has a ninth break segment G1 at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads 82; the ninth break segment G1 is provided with a connector 50 for connecting the plurality of segments divided by the ninth break segment G1 to each other; the length of the connector 50 located at the corresponding position of the ninth break segment G1 and intersecting with the first side end connection line 81 is less than the length of the connector 50 located at the corresponding positions of other ninth break segments G1.

[0098] In some embodiments, the solar cell further includes: a second side bus structure located on the second side K1 of the solar cell, the second side bus structure including: two second side end connection lines disposed opposite to each other along a second direction, and a plurality of second side pads disposed between the two second side end connection lines; the second current collector electrode has an eleventh break segment at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of second side pads, the eleventh break segment is provided with a connector for connecting the plurality of segments obtained by the eleventh break segment to each other; the length of the connector located at the corresponding position of the eleventh break segment and intersecting with the second side end connection line is less than the length of the connector located at the corresponding position of other eleventh break segments.

[0099] The following explanation uses the first side busbar structure 80 located on the second side of the solar cell as an example. The same applies to the second side busbar structure, so it will not be repeated here.

[0100] In this embodiment of the invention, the first side bus structure 80 located on the second side K of the solar cell includes: a first side end connection line 81 and a first side pad 82. The first side pad 82 also includes a large-size first side pad and a small-size first side pad. Unlike the straight structure of the first end connection line, the first side end connection line 81 can be composed of multiple segments to form a structure that matches the intersection of the second side K and the first side L (i.e., a chamfered edge structure).

[0101] Specifically, the first collector electrode 10 has a ninth break segment G1 at the position of the extension line formed by multiple first side pads 82. The ninth break segment G1 is provided with a connector 50 for connecting the multiple segments obtained by the ninth break segment G1 to each other. The length of the ninth break segment G1 intersecting with the first side end connection line 81 is set to be shorter to ensure that the first collector electrode 10 and the first side end connection line 81 can be electrically connected to achieve transmission. This design allows the length of the connector 50 on the ninth break segment G1 intersecting with the first side end connection line 81 to be less than the length of the connector 50 on other ninth break segments G1, which can save material for the connector to a certain extent.

[0102] Optional, refer to Figure 11 The solar cell further includes: a first side bus structure 80 located on the second side K of the solar cell; the first side bus structure 80 includes: two first side end connection lines 81 arranged opposite each other along the second direction y, and a plurality of first side pads 82 disposed between the two first side end connection lines 81; in some embodiments, a plurality of first current collectors 10 and / or a plurality of second current collectors 20 located between the target first side pad (i.e., the large-sized first side pad 82) and the first side L of the solar cell are disposed through the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads 82; the target first side pad is the first side pad 82 connected to the first side end connection line 81. In some embodiments, the second current collectors 20 are disposed through the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads 82.

[0103] In some embodiments, the solar cell further includes: a second side bus structure located on a second side of the solar cell, the second side bus structure including: two second side end connection lines disposed opposite each other along a second direction, and a plurality of second side pads disposed between the two second side end connection lines; in some embodiments, a plurality of first current collector electrodes and / or a plurality of second current collector electrodes located between the target second side pad and the first side of the solar cell are disposed through the extension line formed by the plurality of second side pads; the target second side pad is a second side pad connected to the second side end connection line. In some embodiments, the first current collector electrodes are disposed through the extension line formed by the plurality of second side pads.

[0104] Wherein, the first side L is parallel to the first direction x, and the second side K is perpendicular to the first direction x.

[0105] The following explanation uses the first side busbar structure 80 located on the second side of the solar cell as an example. The same applies to the second side busbar structure, so it will not be repeated here.

[0106] In some embodiments, refer toFigure 11 The ninth disconnected segment G1 (i.e., the ninth disconnected segment G1 located in region N) that intersects with the first side end connection line 81 can be removed, as well as the connector provided on the ninth disconnected segment G1, so that the first collector electrode 10 at this position can pass through and directly connect with the first side end connection line 81. This is beneficial to improve the carrier collection capacity at this position and can also save the material of the connector.

[0107] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 11 Multiple first collector electrodes 10 and / or multiple second collector electrodes 20 located between the target first side pad (i.e., the large-sized first side pad 82) and the first side L are connected through the extension line formed by the multiple first side pads 82. This can improve the carrier collection capability of these collector electrodes in the edge region, improve the performance of the solar cell, and the through design of these collector electrodes can also eliminate the alignment processing of the connectors and collector electrodes at the through position, which can reduce the process difficulty and improve the process efficiency.

[0108] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 11 All second collector electrodes 20 on the extension line formed by multiple first side pads 82 can be disposed through the extension line at the corresponding positions.

[0109] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 11 All first collector electrodes 10 on the extension line formed by multiple first side pads 82 can be disposed through the extension line at the corresponding positions.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first collector electrode located between two opposing large-sized first side pads can be disconnected at the position of the extension line formed by the multiple first side pads, and the disconnected position is provided with a first side pad, and the electrical connection is achieved through the first side pad.

[0111] Optional, refer to Figure 12The solar cell further includes: a first side bus structure 80 located on the second side K of the solar cell, the first side bus structure 80 including: two first side end connection lines 81 arranged opposite each other along the second direction y, and a plurality of first side pads 82 disposed between the two first side end connection lines 81; in some embodiments, the second current collector 20 passes through at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads 82, and the electrode parameters at the passing point are greater than the electrode parameters at other positions; in some embodiments, the plurality of first current collectors 10 located between the target first side pad and the first side L of the solar cell pass through at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads 82, and the electrode parameters at the passing point are greater than the electrode parameters at other positions; wherein, the first side L is parallel to the first direction x, the second side K is perpendicular to the first direction x, and the electrode parameters include at least one of width, height, and surface roughness of the first current collector or the second current collector away from the surface of the solar cell.

[0112] In some embodiments, the solar cell further includes: a second side bus structure located on the second side of the solar cell, the second side bus structure including: two second side end connection lines disposed opposite each other along a second direction, and a plurality of second side pads disposed between the two second side end connection lines; in some embodiments, a first current collector electrode passes through at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of second side pads, and the electrode parameter at the passing point is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions; in some embodiments, a plurality of second current collector electrodes located between the target second side pad and the second side of the solar cell pass through at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of second side pads, and the electrode parameter at the passing point is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions.

[0113] The following explanation uses the first side busbar structure 80 located on the second side of the solar cell as an example. The same applies to the second side busbar structure, so it will not be repeated here.

[0114] In this embodiment of the invention, for the plurality of first current collector electrodes 10 located between the target first side pad and the first side L of the solar cell, at the point where the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads 82 passes through, at least one of the following designs can be made: thickening, thickening, and high surface roughness. Similarly, the second current collector electrode 20 at the point where the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads 82 passes through can also be designed with at least one of the following: thickening, thickening, and high surface roughness. This prevents the current collector electrodes from breaking due to excessive printing distance during printing, and also allows the screen to set a larger area for the corresponding opening, thereby allowing for the placement of steel wires within the opening, improving the stress resistance of the screen, and increasing the screen's lifespan. Furthermore, thickening and thickening the current collector electrodes can also enhance their carrier collection capability. When an insulating layer is subsequently applied at this location, the high surface roughness of this location also increases the contact area with the insulating adhesive, thereby improving the adhesion of the insulating layer.

[0115] Optional, refer to Figure 13 The second collector electrode 20, which is close to the first side L of the solar cell, has a fifth break segment D1 at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first end connection line 31; the length of the fifth break segment D1 is greater than the length of the first break segment 11; the first side L is parallel to the first direction x.

[0116] Optionally, the solar cell has a long side and a short side, and the ratio of the length of the long side to the length of the short side is a, where 0 < a < 1. Here, 0 < a < 1 indicates that the solar cell is a single, continuous cell.

[0117] In this embodiment of the invention, the first break segment 11 is a break segment of the first collector electrode 10 at the position corresponding to the first end connection line 31, and the fifth break segment D1 is a break segment of the second collector electrode 20 near the first side L at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first end connection line 41. When the length of the fifth break segment D1 near the edge is large, it can disperse the stress of the screen at the edge position, avoid screen deformation, and thus improve the service life of the screen.

[0118] In addition, it is different from Figure 5 A connector 50 is installed at the fifth disconnection segment D1 in the battery structure. Figure 13 In the battery structure, the fifth disconnection section D1 is not equipped with a connector 50.

[0119] In some embodiments, Figure 13 The battery structure is suitable for whole cells (i.e., the ratio of the length of the long side to the length of the short side of the solar cell is a, 0 < a < 1). Figure 5The battery structure is suitable for non-full-cell batteries such as half-cell batteries, 1 / 3-cell batteries, and 1 / 4-cell batteries. Specifically, a half-cell battery is defined as a battery cell where the ratio 'a' of the long side to the short side is rounded up to 2; a 1 / 3-cell battery is defined as a battery cell where the ratio 'a' of the long side to the short side is rounded up to 3; and a 1 / 4-cell battery is defined as a battery cell where the ratio 'a' of the long side to the short side is rounded up to 4.

[0120] for Figure 5 For battery structures that are not made of a single, continuous cell, a connector 50 is provided at the fifth break point D1 of the cell. Figure 13 The battery structure applicable to the entire battery cell does not include a connector 50 at the fifth break point D1 of the battery cell. The reason for this design difference is: In practical applications, electrodes are printed on the surface of the solar cell by the cooperation of a squeegee and a screen. The length of the squeegee extends perpendicularly to the long side of the solar cell, while the movement of the squeegee is parallel to the long side of the solar cell. Furthermore, the length of the squeegee is similar to the width of the entire solar cell, and the size of the solar cell is similar to the size of the corresponding screen.

[0121] This means that for non-full cell sheets (such as half cell sheets), the length of the scraper is much greater than the width of the corresponding screen, and the edge of the scraper is far away from the long edge of the screen. Therefore, the scraper has little impact on the long edge of the screen, and a connector 50 can be provided at the fifth break section D1.

[0122] For the entire solar cell, the length of the scraper is close to the edge of the pattern, and the edge of the scraper is close to the long edge of the screen. If a connector 50 is provided at the fifth break section D1, the connector 50 has a high surface height, making it easy for the edge of the scraper to collide with the connector 50 at the fifth break section D1, causing damage to the screen. Therefore, for the entire solar cell, the connector 50 can be omitted at the fifth break section D1 to reduce the probability of screen damage.

[0123] Optionally, the solar cell has a long side and a short side, and the ratio of the length of the long side to the length of the short side is a, where 0 < a < 1.

[0124] Reference Figure 14This invention provides another type of solar cell, comprising: a plurality of first current collector electrodes 10 and a plurality of second current collector electrodes 20, all extending along a first direction x, and the first current collector electrodes 10 and second current collector electrodes 20 being alternately arranged along a second direction y; the first direction x and the second direction y intersect. A plurality of first current collector structures 30 and a plurality of second current collector structures 40, all extending along the second direction y, and the first current collector structures 30 and second current collector structures 40 being alternately arranged along the first direction x; the first current collector structures 30 are electrically connected to the first current collector electrodes 10, and the second current collector structures 40 are electrically connected to the second current collector electrodes 20.

[0125] In some embodiments, the first bus structure 30 includes: two first end connection lines 31 disposed opposite each other along a second direction y, and a plurality of first pads 32 disposed between the two first end connection lines 31; at least one first collector electrode 10 is disposed through at the intersection with the first end connection line 31, the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions; and / or, at least one second collector electrode 20 located between the two opposite first end connection lines 31 is disposed through at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first bus structure 30, the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions.

[0126] In some embodiments, the second bus structure 40 includes: two second end connection lines 41 disposed opposite each other along a second direction y, and a plurality of second pads 42 disposed between the two second end connection lines 41; at least one second collector electrode 20 is disposed through at the intersection with the second end connection line 41, the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions; and / or, at least one first collector electrode 10 located between the two opposite second end connection lines 41 is disposed through at the position corresponding to the extension line of the second bus structure 40, the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions.

[0127] The electrode parameters include at least one of the following: width, height, and surface roughness of the first or second collector electrode away from the surface of the solar cell.

[0128] In this embodiment of the invention, the electrode parameters of at least one first collector electrode 10 at the intersection with the first end connection line 31 are greater than those at other positions. This results in the first collector electrode 10 having at least one of the following designs at the intersection with the first end connection line 31: thickening, augmentation, or high surface roughness. The thickening and augmentation designs allow for a larger area of ​​the corresponding opening in the screen printing plate, enabling the placement of steel wires within the opening to increase structural strength, enhance the stress resistance of the screen printing plate, and extend its service life. Furthermore, the thickening and augmentation designs can reduce the transmission resistance of the first collector electrode 10, improving its carrier collection capability. The high surface roughness design increases the contact area between the end connection line and the collector electrode, reducing contact resistance and thus improving carrier transport capability.

[0129] Furthermore, at least one of the second current collector electrodes 20 located between the two opposing first end connection lines 31 has a larger electrode parameter at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first bus structure 30 than the electrode parameters at other positions. This results in the second current collector electrode 20 located between the two opposing first end connection lines 31 having at least one of the following designs at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first bus structure 30: thickening, thickening, and high surface roughness. The thickening and thickening designs allow for a larger area of ​​the corresponding opening in the screen, enabling the placement of steel wires in the opening to increase the structural strength at the opening, improve the stress resistance of the screen, and extend the service life of the screen. The high surface roughness design increases the contact area with the insulating adhesive, improving the adhesion of the insulating adhesive.

[0130] The description of the second bus structure is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0131] Optional, refer to Figure 14 In some embodiments, at least one first collector electrode 10 located between two opposing first end connection lines 31 has a tenth break segment H1 at a position corresponding to the first pad 321; the first pad 321 is used to connect the multiple segments obtained by the tenth break segment H1 to each other. Alternatively, at least one first collector electrode 10 located between two opposing first end connection lines 31 is disposed through the first pad 321.

[0132] The disconnection design of the tenth disconnection segment H1 ensures that there is no electrode structure below the central area of ​​the first pad 32 connected to the solder strip during subsequent soldering, thereby eliminating the height difference on the surface of the first pad 32, ensuring the surface flatness of the first pad 32, and improving the soldering quality. Furthermore, the aforementioned through-hole design ensures that the length of the collector electrode contacted by the test probe is the same in IV testing scenarios, thus improving the accuracy of IV testing.

[0133] In some embodiments, a second current collector electrode located between two opposing second end connection lines and close to the second end connection line has a twelfth break section or a through-section at a position corresponding to the extension line of the second bus structure. The same applies to this case, and will not be described further.

[0134] In some embodiments, for all the disconnected segments appearing throughout the text (including the first to the twelfth disconnected segments), the length of each disconnected segment ranges from 0.2 mm to 3.5 mm. When the disconnected length is within this range, it can avoid both a long disconnected length, which would result in poor carrier collection, and a short disconnected length, which would mean a small portion remaining on the steel plate, thus hindering the improvement of the steel plate's support strength and lifespan.

[0135] For example, the length of each broken segment can be 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, or 3.5mm.

[0136] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 15 For disconnected sections (such as the first disconnected section, the second disconnected section, the third disconnected section, the fourth disconnected section, etc.) with connectors 50 at the disconnected position, the current collector electrode with the disconnected section is bent in shape near the disconnected section. This can increase the contact area between the current collector electrode near the disconnected section and the connectors 50 on the disconnected section, thereby ensuring that the connectors 50 on the disconnected section and the current collector electrode can be electrically connected, reducing the difficulty of alignment.

[0137] In some embodiments, where the electrode parameters of a certain region on the current collector electrode are greater than those of other regions, this region may be referred to as the thickened section (e.g., ...). Figure 3 (Regions such as A1 and A2 in the middle). In some examples, the length of the bolded segment ranges from 0.2mm to 3.5mm, for example, 0.2mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm, 3mm, 3.5mm, etc.; in some examples, the width of the bolded segment ranges from 30um to 100um, for example, 30um, 40um, 50um, 60um, 70um, 80um, 90um, 100um, etc.; in some examples, the width of the non-bolded segment in the current collector electrode ranges from 10um to 60um, for example, 10um, 20um, 30um, 40um, 50um, 60um, etc.

[0138] In addition, the surface roughness range of the thickened section is 2um~22um, for example, it can be 2um, 5um, 8um, 10um, 15um, 18um, 20um, 22um, etc.; the surface roughness range of the non-thickened section in the current collector electrode is 0um~9um, for example, 0um, 1um, 2um, 3um, 4um, 5um, 6um, 7um, 8um, 9um, etc.

[0139] In some embodiments, the surface of the thickened section in the current collector electrode includes a recessed portion and a raised portion. The maximum height of the raised portion ranges from 14um to 25um, for example, it can be 14um, 15um, 18um, 20um, 23um, 25um, etc.; the minimum height of the recessed portion ranges from 3um to 12um, for example, it can be 3um, 4um, 5um, 6um, 7um, 8um, 9um, 10um, 11um, 12um, etc.

[0140] In some examples, the height of the non-thickened section in the current collector electrode ranges from 4um to 13um, for example, it can be 4um, 5um, 6um, 7um, 8um, 9um, 10um, 11um, 12um, etc.

[0141] Further reference Figure 16 Along the first direction x, the shape of the thickened segment V gradually changes, meaning that the width of the end of the thickened segment V is smaller and it has a tapered structure (i.e., the width of the end of the thickened segment decreases from the middle to the edge); the width of the middle part of the thickened segment V is larger. This prevents grid breaks during the printing process.

[0142] This invention also provides a photovoltaic module, comprising a transparent substrate, a first encapsulating film, a plurality of cell strings, a second encapsulating film, and a backsheet stacked sequentially; the cell strings comprise a plurality of solar cells from the aforementioned embodiments connected in series. This photovoltaic module has the same technical effects as the aforementioned solar cells, and can be referred to the above description, which will not be repeated here.

[0143] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification and claims of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first," "second," etc., are generally of the same class and the number of objects is not limited; for example, the first object can be one or more.

[0144] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0145] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A solar cell, characterized by, The solar cell comprises: a plurality of first current collecting electrodes and a plurality of second current collecting electrodes, both extending along a first direction, the first current collecting electrodes and the second current collecting electrodes being alternately arranged along a second direction in sequence; the first direction and the second direction intersecting each other; a plurality of first bus structures and a plurality of second bus structures, both extending along the second direction, the first bus structures and the second bus structures being alternately arranged along the first direction in sequence; the first bus structures are electrically connected with the first current collecting electrodes, and the second bus structures are electrically connected with the second current collecting electrodes; the first bus structure comprises two first end connecting lines oppositely arranged along the second direction, and a plurality of first pads arranged between the two first end connecting lines; the first current collecting electrode has a first disconnection section at a position corresponding to the first end connecting line; the first disconnection section is provided with a connecting piece for connecting a plurality of segments obtained by the first disconnection section; at least one second current collecting electrode between the two opposite first end connecting lines is arranged through at a position corresponding to the first bus structure extension line; and / or, the second bus structure comprises two second end connecting lines oppositely arranged along the second direction, and a plurality of second pads arranged between the two second end connecting lines; the second current collecting electrode has a second disconnection section at a position corresponding to the second end connecting line; the second disconnection section is provided with a connecting piece for connecting a plurality of segments obtained by the second disconnection section; at least one first current collecting electrode between the two opposite second end connecting lines is arranged through at a position corresponding to the second bus structure extension line.

2. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein: at least one second current collecting electrode between the two opposite first end connecting lines has an electrode parameter at the through part of the position corresponding to the first bus structure extension line greater than that at other positions; and / or, at least one first current collecting electrode between the two opposite second end connecting lines has an electrode parameter at the through part of the position corresponding to the second bus structure extension line greater than that at other positions; wherein the electrode parameter comprises at least one of width, height, surface roughness of the first current collecting electrode or the second current collecting electrode away from the surface of the solar cell.

3. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein: at least one second current collecting electrode between the two opposite first end connecting lines has an electrode parameter at a position close to the first bus structure extension line greater than that at a position close to the second bus structure extension line; and / or, at least one first current collecting electrode between the two opposite second end connecting lines has an electrode parameter at a position close to the second bus structure extension line greater than that at a position close to the first bus structure extension line. The electrode parameter comprises at least one of width, height, surface roughness of the first or second current collecting electrode away from the surface of the solar cell piece.

4. The solar cell piece of claim 1, wherein, The electrode parameter of the second current collecting electrode located between the opposite first end connecting lines and close to one of the first end connecting lines is greater at the position close to the first busbar extension line than at the position close to the second busbar extension line. The electrode parameter of the first current collecting electrode located between the opposite second end connecting lines and close to one of the second end connecting lines is greater at the position close to the second busbar extension line than at the position close to the first busbar extension line. The electrode parameter comprises at least one of width, height, surface roughness of the first or second current collecting electrode away from the surface of the solar cell piece.

5. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the first and second electrodes are formed of a material selected from the group consisting of silver, aluminum, and copper. At least one of the second current collecting electrodes located between the first end connecting lines and close to the first end connecting lines has a third disconnection section at the position of the first busbar extension line, and the third disconnection section is provided with a connecting piece for connecting the segments divided by the third disconnection section. At least one of the first current collecting electrodes located between the second end connecting lines and close to the second end connecting lines has a fourth disconnection section at the position of the second busbar extension line, and the fourth disconnection section is provided with a connecting piece for connecting the segments divided by the fourth disconnection section.

6. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the first and second electrodes are formed of a material selected from the group consisting of silver, aluminum, and copper. The second current collecting electrode close to the first side edge of the solar cell piece has a fifth disconnection section at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first end connecting line, and the fifth disconnection section is provided with a connecting piece for connecting the segments divided by the fifth disconnection section. The length of the fifth disconnection section is greater than or equal to the length of the first disconnection section. The length of the connecting piece corresponding to the fifth disconnection section is greater than or equal to the length of the connecting piece corresponding to the first disconnection section.

7. The solar cell as claimed in claim 6, wherein the first and second electrodes are formed of a material selected from the group consisting of silver, aluminum, and copper. The first side edge is parallel to the first direction. The second current collecting electrode has a sixth disconnection section at the position of the first end connecting line. The length of the fifth disconnection section is equal to the length of the sixth disconnection section; and / or the length of the sixth disconnection section is greater than the length of the first disconnection section.

8. The solar cell piece of claim 1, wherein, The lengths of the first disconnection sections are the same. The lengths of the second disconnection sections are the same.

9. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the back surface is textured. The surface roughness of the connecting piece away from the surface of the cell body is greater than the surface roughness of at least part of the first or second current collecting electrode. The first and second current collecting electrodes each comprise a plurality of spaced current collecting electrode segments. In the first direction, the current collecting electrode segments have first and second ends; the grid line height of the first end is different from the grid line height of the second end. And / or, the electrode parameter of the first end portion and / or the second end portion is greater than the electrode parameter of other positions except the first end portion and the second end portion; Wherein, the electrode parameter includes at least one of width, height, surface roughness of the first or second current collecting electrode away from the surface of the solar cell piece.

10. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the back surface is textured. In the same straight line extending in the second direction, the electrode parameter of the plurality of first current collecting electrodes located on the straight line and at the edge position of the solar cell is less than the electrode parameter of the plurality of first current collecting electrodes located on the straight line and at the middle position of the solar cell; And / or, in the same straight line extending in the second direction, the electrode parameter of the plurality of second current collecting electrodes located on the straight line and at the edge position of the solar cell is less than the electrode parameter of the plurality of second current collecting electrodes located on the straight line and at the middle position of the solar cell; Wherein, the electrode parameter includes at least one of width, height, surface roughness of the first or second current collecting electrode away from the surface of the solar cell piece.

11. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the back surface is textured. For the second current collecting electrodes on both sides of the first end connecting line, a first insulating layer is arranged at a position close to the first end connecting line; for the second current collecting electrodes between the two opposite first end connecting lines, a second insulating layer is arranged at a position corresponding to the first busbar extension line; The width of the second insulating layer is greater than the width of the first insulating layer, and the thickness of the second insulating layer is greater than the thickness of the first insulating layer; And / or, for the first current collecting electrodes on both sides of the second end connecting line, a third insulating layer is arranged at a position close to the second end connecting line; for the first current collecting electrodes between the two opposite second end connecting lines, a fourth insulating layer is arranged at a position corresponding to the second busbar extension line; The width of the fourth insulating layer is greater than the width of the third insulating layer, and the thickness of the fourth insulating layer is greater than the thickness of the third insulating layer.

12. The solar cell of claim 11, wherein the first and second conductive layers are formed of a material selected from the group consisting of silver, aluminum, copper, and combinations thereof. The solar cell piece includes a plurality of doped layers, and the first and second current collecting electrodes are respectively arranged on corresponding doped layers; the isolation regions are between adjacent doped layers; The second insulating layer and / or the fourth insulating layer also cover part of the isolation regions.

13. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the back surface is textured. The first current collecting electrodes between the two opposite first end connecting lines have a seventh cut-off section at the position of the first busbar extension line; the first pad is used to connect the multiple segments divided by the seventh cut-off section; the length of the seventh cut-off section is equal to the length of the first cut-off section; And / or, the second current collecting electrodes between the two opposite second end connecting lines have an eighth cut-off section at the position of the second busbar extension line; the second pad is used to connect the multiple segments divided by the eighth cut-off section; the length of the eighth cut-off section is equal to the length of the second cut-off section.

14. The solar cell as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The solar cell further comprises: The first side bus structure located at the second side of the solar cell piece, the first side bus structure comprising: two first side end connecting lines oppositely arranged along the second direction, and a plurality of first side pads arranged between the two first side end connecting lines; The first collecting electrode has a ninth disconnection section at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads; the ninth disconnection section is provided with a connecting piece for connecting the plurality of segments divided by the ninth disconnection section; the length of the connecting piece located at the position corresponding to the ninth disconnection section and intersecting with the first side end connecting line is less than the length of the connecting piece located at the position corresponding to other ninth disconnection sections; The second side is perpendicular to the first direction.

15. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the back surface is textured. 15 The solar cell further comprises: The first side bus structure located at the second side of the solar cell piece, the first side bus structure comprising: two first side end connecting lines oppositely arranged along the second direction, and a plurality of first side pads arranged between the two first side end connecting lines; The plurality of first collecting electrodes and / or the plurality of second collecting electrodes between the target first side pad and the first side of the solar cell piece are arranged through at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads; the target first side pad is the first side pad connected with the first side end connecting line; And / or, the plurality of second collecting electrodes are arranged through at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads; The first side is parallel to the first direction, and the second side is perpendicular to the first direction.

16. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the back surface is textured. The solar cell further comprises: The first side bus structure located at the second side of the solar cell piece, the first side bus structure comprising: two first side end connecting lines oppositely arranged along the second direction, and a plurality of first side pads arranged between the two first side end connecting lines; The plurality of second collecting electrodes are arranged through at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads, and the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions; And / or, the plurality of first collecting electrodes between the target first side pad and the first side of the solar cell piece are arranged through at the position of the extension line formed by the plurality of first side pads, and the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than the electrode parameter at other positions; The first side is parallel to the first direction, and the second side is perpendicular to the first direction, and the electrode parameter comprises at least one of width, height, surface roughness of the first collecting electrode or the second collecting electrode away from the surface of the solar cell piece.

17. The solar cell of claim 1, wherein the back surface is textured. 16 The second collecting electrode close to the first side of the solar cell piece has a fifth disconnection section at the position of the extension line corresponding to the first end connecting line; The length of the fifth disconnection section is greater than the length of the first disconnection section; and the first side is parallel to the first direction.

18. The solar cell of claim 17, wherein the back surface is textured. The solar cell piece has a long side and a short side, and a ratio of a length of the long side to a length of the short side is a, 0 19. A solar cell, characterized by, Comprise: a plurality of first current collecting electrodes and a plurality of second current collecting electrodes, both extending along a first direction, the first current collecting electrodes and the second current collecting electrodes being alternately arranged along a second direction; the first direction and the second direction intersecting; a plurality of first bus structures and a plurality of second bus structures, both extending along the second direction, the first bus structures and the second bus structures being alternately arranged along the first direction; the first bus structures are electrically connected with the first current collecting electrodes, and the second bus structures are electrically connected with the second current collecting electrodes; the first bus structure comprises two first end connecting lines oppositely arranged along the second direction, and a plurality of first pads arranged between the two first end connecting lines; at least one of the first current collecting electrodes is arranged through at the intersection position with the first end connecting line, and the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than that at other positions; and / or, at least one of the second current collecting electrodes between the two opposite first end connecting lines is arranged through at the position corresponding to the extension line of the first bus structure, and the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than that at other positions; and / or, the second bus structure comprises two second end connecting lines oppositely arranged along the second direction, and a plurality of second pads arranged between the two second end connecting lines; at least one of the second current collecting electrodes is arranged through at the intersection position with the second end connecting line, and the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than that at other positions; and / or, at least one of the first current collecting electrodes between the two opposite second end connecting lines is arranged through at the position corresponding to the extension line of the second bus structure, and the electrode parameter at the through position is greater than that at other positions; wherein the electrode parameter comprises at least one of width, height, surface roughness of the first current collecting electrode or the second current collecting electrode away from the surface of the solar cell piece.

20. The solar cell of claim 19, wherein the first and second conductive layers are formed of a material selected from the group consisting of silver, aluminum, copper, and combinations thereof. At least one of the first current collecting electrodes between the two opposite first end connecting lines has a tenth broken section at the position corresponding to the first pad, and the first pad is used to connect a plurality of segments obtained by the tenth broken section. Alternatively, at least one of the first current collecting electrodes between the two opposite first end connecting lines is arranged through at the position corresponding to the first pad.

21. A photovoltaic module, characterized by, Comprise transparent substrate, first encapsulation adhesive film, a plurality of battery strings, second encapsulation adhesive film and back plate arranged in turn; The battery string comprises a plurality of solar cell pieces as claimed in any one of claims 1-20 arranged in series.

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