Soilless culture method for improving pepper quality

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agriculture, and particularly relates to a soilless culture method for improving pepper quality. The method comprises the steps of seed treatment, seedling raising, field planting, special nutrient solution supply and the like. The method is characterized in that the special nutrient solution is prepared by the following steps: reacting L-phenylalanine and sinapic acid under the catalysis of laccase to generate a quinone polymer reaction solution, and compounding the reaction solution with a mixed solution prepared from macroelements and trace elements such as calcium nitrate and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate to finally obtain the special nutrient solution. The quinone polymer generated by the enzymatic reaction can be efficiently absorbed by the root system of the pepper and is used as a signal molecule to activate the metabolic pathway of phenylpropane, so that the content of core quality indexes such as capsaicin, vitamin C and soluble sugar in the fruit is remarkably increased while the normal growth of the pepper is ensured, and the yield of the fruit is improved. The problem of insufficient chili flavor and nutrition of a conventional soilless culture technology is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of soilless cultivation technology, specifically relating to a soilless cultivation method for improving the quality of chili peppers. Background Technology

[0002] Soilless cultivation, as a modern agricultural production technology, can effectively control the nutrient environment and improve crop yield and quality. However, existing soilless cultivation methods for chili peppers mostly use conventional nutrient solutions, such as the Hoagland formula. While these provide basic nutrients, they have the following problems: First, nutrients such as phosphorus, calcium, and trace elements are prone to precipitation or adsorption in the solution, leading to reduced bioavailability. Second, nutrient release is uneven, and chili peppers are prone to nutrient deficiency or excess in the later stages of growth, affecting fruit quality, such as smaller fruits and decreased vitamin C content. Finally, conventional nutrient solutions lack organic components and fail to adequately simulate soil microbial activity, resulting in poor stress resistance and insufficient flavor in chili peppers. Furthermore, existing technologies, which simply mix nutrient elements or add organic fertilizers, fail to address the antagonistic effects and chemical stability issues between nutrients, leading to resource waste and environmental pollution.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new soilless cultivation method that introduces specific compounds into the nutrient solution and generates active substances through a controlled enzymatic reaction in the rhizosphere environment, thereby directly activating the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway in peppers and solving the problem of quality improvement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention discloses a soilless cultivation method for improving the quality of chili peppers. The method involves adding L-phenylalanine, sinapic acid, and laccase to a nutrient solution. Under controlled pH and temperature conditions, laccase catalyzes the oxidation of sinapic acid to generate quinone intermediates. These intermediates further react with L-phenylalanine to generate oligomers. These compounds can be efficiently absorbed by chili pepper roots and act as signaling molecules to upregulate the expression of key enzyme genes in the phenylpropane pathway, promoting capsaicin synthesis and vitamin C accumulation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] This invention provides a soilless cultivation method for improving the quality of chili peppers, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Select healthy and plump chili seeds, soak them in 55℃ warm water for 15-30 minutes while stirring constantly, then take them out and soak them in trisodium phosphate solution for 20-30 minutes for surface disinfection. After disinfection, rinse them 3-5 times with deionized water, then place them in a petri dish lined with moist filter paper and germinate them at 28℃ in the dark for 48-72 hours. Once more than 70% of the seeds show signs of germination, they are ready for use.

[0008] S2: Sow the sprouting seeds in pre-sterilized rockwool seedling blocks, one seed per block. Place the sown rockwool seedling blocks into seedling trays, then place the seedling trays in a seedling room. Maintain a daytime temperature of 25-28℃, a nighttime temperature of 18-20℃, a light intensity of 20,000-30,000 Lux, and 12-14 hours of light per day. Irrigate with Hogland nutrient solution to keep the substrate moist. The seedling period is 25-30 days.

[0009] S3: When the seedlings have grown 5-7 true leaves, transplant them together with the rock wool seedling blocks into the cultivation troughs with a pre-installed coconut coir and perlite mixed substrate. The planting density is 4-6 plants per square meter. Water them immediately after transplanting.

[0010] S4: Start supplying special nutrient solution on the 7th day after transplanting, using a drip irrigation circulating solution supply system, supplying 2-4 times a day. During this process, maintain the rhizosphere environment with a daytime temperature of 25-30℃, a nighttime temperature of 18-22℃, and a light intensity of 30,000-50,000 Lux.

[0011] S5: Harvest the chili peppers when they are fully enlarged, with smooth surfaces, uniform color, and appropriate flesh firmness.

[0012] Furthermore, the volume ratio of coconut coir to perlite in the coconut coir and perlite mixed matrix is ​​2:1.

[0013] Furthermore, the special nutrient solution comprises the following components by weight: calcium nitrate 800-1200, potassium nitrate 400-600, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 150-250, magnesium sulfate 200-400, boric acid 2-4, manganese sulfate 1-2, zinc sulfate 0.5-1, copper sulfate 0.1-0.3, ammonium molybdate 0.05-0.1, L-phenylalanine 50-100, sinapic acid 10-30, and laccase 2-10.

[0014] Furthermore, the preparation method of the special nutrient solution includes the following steps:

[0015] (1) L-phenylalanine and sinapic acid were added to phosphate buffer solution with pH 5.8 and stirred to dissolve. Then laccase was added and reacted at 40°C with low stirring for 4-6 hours. During this process, laccase catalyzed the oxidation of sinapic acid to generate quinone intermediates. These quinone intermediates can further react with L-phenylalanine via non-enzymatic Michael addition or Schiff base reaction to generate quinone oligomers. The color of the reaction solution gradually deepened, indicating that polymers were generated. After the reaction was completed, a quinone polymer reaction solution was obtained.

[0016] (2) Dissolve calcium nitrate separately in deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain solution A;

[0017] (3) Add ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate and copper sulfate to deionized water and stir thoroughly until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. Then, while stirring continuously, slowly and dropwise add solution A to solution B to prevent calcium and phosphorus precipitation and obtain a mixed solution.

[0018] (4) Add the quinone polymer reaction solution to the mixture obtained in step (3), stir and mix thoroughly, then make up the volume with deionized water, and adjust the pH to 5.5-6.5 with potassium hydroxide solution to obtain the special nutrient solution.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The core innovation of the soilless cultivation method developed in this invention lies in the fundamental transformation from physical mixing to chemical conversion in the nutrient solution achieved through the molecular catalysis of laccase. Specifically, during the nutrient solution preparation process, by controlling the reaction conditions, laccase efficiently catalyzes the generation of quinone oligomers. These compounds possess higher stability and permeability, allowing for rapid absorption by pepper roots. Subsequently, the active compounds act as inducers within the plant, upregulating the gene expression of key enzymes in the phenylpropanoid pathway, promoting the synthesis of capsaicin precursors, thereby significantly increasing capsaicin content and vitamin C levels.

[0021] Thanks to the unique reaction mechanism and chemical transformation described above, the soilless cultivation method of this invention exhibits outstanding comprehensive effects. First, the synergistic effect of the quinone oligomers generated by the enzymatic reaction and the plant's metabolic system achieves a simultaneous increase in spiciness and nutritional value, overcoming the shortcomings of traditional nutrient solutions such as low nutrient absorption efficiency and insufficient quality control. Second, the controllable reaction conditions ensure the stable generation of active substances, avoid the problem of exogenous hormone residues, and improve cultivation safety and environmental friendliness. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a simplified diagram of a chili pepper plant after hydroponics in Embodiment 1 and Comparative Example 3 of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 The figures show the plant height test results of chili peppers cultivated in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 The figures show the test results of chili stem diameter in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 The figures show the test results of single pepper fruit weight in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 The figures show the test results of capsaicin content in chili peppers grown in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 The figures show the vitamin C content test results of peppers cultivated in the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 The figures show the test results of soluble sugar content in chili peppers grown in both the embodiments and comparative examples of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those familiar to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be applied to this invention. The preferred embodiments and materials described herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of this application.

[0031] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used in the following embodiments and comparative examples are new materials purchased from the market, and all chili peppers used are of the same variety.

[0032] Example 1: This example provides a hydroponic cultivation method to improve the quality of chili peppers. The specific steps of this method are as follows:

[0033] S1: Select 100g of healthy and plump chili seeds, soak them in 55℃ warm water for 20 minutes while stirring constantly, then take them out and soak them in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 25 minutes for surface disinfection. After disinfection, rinse them 4 times with deionized water, then place them in a petri dish lined with moist filter paper and germinate them at 28℃ in the dark for 60 hours. Once more than 70% of the seeds show signs of germination, they are ready for use.

[0034] S2: Sow the sprouting seeds in pre-sterilized rockwool seedling blocks (2.5cm×2.5cm), one seed per block. Place the sown rockwool seedling blocks into seedling trays, then place the seedling trays in a seedling room, maintaining a daytime temperature of 26℃, a nighttime temperature of 19℃, a light intensity of 25000 Lux, 13 hours of light per day, and irrigate with 1 / 2 dose of Hogland nutrient solution, keeping the substrate moist. The seedling period is 28 days.

[0035] S3: When the seedlings have grown 6 true leaves, transplant them together with the rock wool seedling blocks into the cultivation troughs with a pre-installed coconut coir and perlite mixed substrate (volume ratio 2:1). The planting density is 5 seedlings per square meter. Immediately after transplanting, water the seedlings with an appropriate amount of water to help them recover.

[0036] S4: Start supplying special nutrient solution on the 7th day after transplanting. Use a drip irrigation circulating solution supply system to supply 3 times a day, 150mL per plant each time. During this process, maintain the rhizosphere environment with a daytime temperature of 28℃, a nighttime temperature of 20℃, a light intensity of 40000Lux, and a daily light duration of 12 hours through the environmental control system.

[0037] S5: Harvest the chili peppers when they are fully enlarged, with smooth surfaces, bright green color, and appropriate flesh firmness.

[0038] The preparation method of the special nutrient solution includes the following steps:

[0039] (1) Weigh 75 mg of L-phenylalanine and 20 mg of sinapic acid and add them to 10 mL of phosphate buffer with pH 5.8. Stir and dissolve the solution on a magnetic stirrer. Then add 5 mg of laccase and react for 5 hours at 40 °C and 200 rpm. The color of the reaction solution gradually changes from light yellow to reddish brown, indicating that the polymer is formed. After the reaction is completed, the quinone polymer reaction solution is obtained.

[0040] (2) Dissolve 1000 mg of calcium nitrate separately in 10 mL of deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain solution A;

[0041] (3) Weigh 200mg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 300mg of magnesium sulfate, 500mg of potassium nitrate, 3mg of boric acid, 1.5mg of manganese sulfate, 0.8mg of zinc sulfate and 0.2mg of copper sulfate and add them to 30mL of deionized water. Stir thoroughly until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. Then, while stirring continuously, slowly and dropwise add solution A to solution B to prevent calcium and phosphorus precipitation and obtain a mixed solution.

[0042] (4) Add all the quinone polymer reaction solution obtained in step (1) to the mixture obtained in step (3), stir and mix thoroughly for 30 minutes, then make up to 1L with deionized water, and adjust the pH to 6.0 with 1mol / L potassium hydroxide solution to obtain the special nutrient solution.

[0043] Example 2: This example provides a hydroponic cultivation method to improve the quality of chili peppers. The specific steps are as follows:

[0044] S1: Select 100g of healthy and plump chili seeds, soak them in 55℃ warm water for 15 minutes while stirring constantly, then take them out and soak them in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 20 minutes for surface disinfection. After disinfection, rinse them 3 times with deionized water, then place them in a petri dish lined with moist filter paper and germinate them at 28℃ in the dark for 48 hours. Once more than 70% of the seeds show signs of germination, they are ready for use.

[0045] S2: Sow the sprouting seeds in pre-sterilized rockwool seedling blocks (2.5cm×2.5cm), one seed per block. Place the sown rockwool seedling blocks into seedling trays, then place the seedling trays in a seedling room, maintaining a daytime temperature of 26℃, a nighttime temperature of 19℃, a light intensity of 25000 Lux, 13 hours of light per day, and irrigate with 1 / 2 dose of Hogland nutrient solution, keeping the substrate moist. The seedling period is 28 days.

[0046] S3: When the seedlings have grown 6 true leaves, transplant them together with the rock wool seedling blocks into the cultivation troughs with a pre-installed coconut coir and perlite mixed substrate (volume ratio 2:1). The planting density is 5 seedlings per square meter. Immediately after transplanting, water the seedlings with an appropriate amount of water to help them recover.

[0047] S4: Start supplying special nutrient solution on the 7th day after transplanting. Use a drip irrigation circulating solution supply system to supply twice a day, 200mL per plant each time. During this process, maintain the rhizosphere environment with a daytime temperature of 28℃, a nighttime temperature of 20℃, a light intensity of 40000Lux, and a daily light duration of 12 hours through the environmental control system.

[0048] S5: Harvest the chili peppers when they are fully enlarged, with smooth surfaces, bright green color, and appropriate flesh firmness.

[0049] The preparation method of the special nutrient solution includes the following steps:

[0050] (1) Weigh 50 mg of L-phenylalanine and 10 mg of sinapic acid and add them to 10 mL of phosphate buffer with pH 5.8. Stir and dissolve the solution on a magnetic stirrer. Then add 2 mg of laccase and react for 4 hours at 40 °C and 200 rpm. The color of the reaction solution gradually deepens, indicating that the polymer is formed. After the reaction is completed, a quinone polymer reaction solution is obtained.

[0051] (2) Weigh 800 mg of calcium nitrate and dissolve it separately in 10 mL of deionized water. Stir thoroughly to obtain solution A.

[0052] (3) Weigh 150mg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 200mg of magnesium sulfate, 400mg of potassium nitrate, 2mg of boric acid, 1mg of manganese sulfate, 0.5mg of zinc sulfate and 0.1mg of copper sulfate and add them to 30mL of deionized water. Stir thoroughly until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. Then, while stirring continuously, slowly and dropwise add solution A to solution B to prevent calcium and phosphorus precipitation, and obtain a mixed solution.

[0053] (4) Add all the quinone polymer reaction solution obtained in step (1) to the mixture obtained in step (3), stir and mix thoroughly for 30 minutes, then make up to 1L with deionized water, and adjust the pH to 5.5 with 1mol / L potassium hydroxide solution to obtain the special nutrient solution.

[0054] Example 3: This example provides a hydroponic cultivation method to improve the quality of chili peppers. The specific steps are as follows:

[0055] S1: Select 100g of healthy and plump chili seeds, soak them in 55℃ warm water for 30 minutes while stirring constantly, then take them out and soak them in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 30 minutes for surface disinfection. After disinfection, rinse them 5 times with deionized water, then place them in a petri dish lined with moist filter paper and germinate them at 28℃ in the dark for 72 hours. Once more than 70% of the seeds show signs of germination, they are ready for use.

[0056] S2: Sow the sprouting seeds in pre-sterilized rockwool seedling blocks (2.5cm×2.5cm), one seed per block. Place the sown rockwool seedling blocks into seedling trays, then place the seedling trays in a seedling room, maintaining a daytime temperature of 26℃, a nighttime temperature of 19℃, a light intensity of 25000 Lux, 13 hours of light per day, and irrigate with 1 / 2 dose of Hogland nutrient solution, keeping the substrate moist. The seedling period is 28 days.

[0057] S3: When the seedlings have grown 6 true leaves, transplant them together with the rock wool seedling blocks into the cultivation troughs with a pre-installed coconut coir and perlite mixed substrate (volume ratio 2:1). The planting density is 5 seedlings per square meter. Immediately after transplanting, water the seedlings with an appropriate amount of water to help them recover.

[0058] S4: Start supplying special nutrient solution on the 7th day after transplanting. Use a drip irrigation circulating solution supply system to supply 4 times a day, 120mL per plant each time. During this process, maintain the rhizosphere environment with a daytime temperature of 28℃, a nighttime temperature of 20℃, a light intensity of 40000Lux, and a daily light duration of 12 hours through the environmental control system.

[0059] S5: Harvest the chili peppers when they are fully enlarged, with smooth surfaces, bright green color, and appropriate flesh firmness.

[0060] The preparation method of the special nutrient solution includes the following steps:

[0061] (1) Weigh 100 mg of L-phenylalanine and 30 mg of sinapic acid and add them to 10 mL of phosphate buffer with pH 5.8. Stir and dissolve the solution on a magnetic stirrer. Then add 10 mg of laccase and react for 6 hours at 40 °C and 200 rpm. The reaction solution is dark brown, indicating that the polymer is formed. After the reaction is completed, the quinone polymer reaction solution is obtained.

[0062] (2) Dissolve 1200 mg of calcium nitrate separately in 10 mL of deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain solution A;

[0063] (3) Weigh 250mg of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 400mg of magnesium sulfate, 600mg of potassium nitrate, 4mg of boric acid, 2mg of manganese sulfate, 1mg of zinc sulfate and 0.3mg of copper sulfate and add them to 30mL of deionized water. Stir thoroughly until completely dissolved to obtain solution B. Then, while stirring continuously, slowly and dropwise add solution A to solution B to prevent calcium and phosphorus precipitation, and obtain a mixed solution.

[0064] (4) Add all the quinone polymer reaction solution obtained in step (1) to the mixture obtained in step (3), stir and mix thoroughly for 30 minutes, then make up to 1L with deionized water, and adjust the pH to 6.5 with 1mol / L potassium hydroxide solution to obtain the special nutrient solution.

[0065] Example 4: This example provides a hydroponic cultivation method to improve the quality of chili peppers. The specific steps are as follows:

[0066] S1: Select 100g of healthy and plump chili seeds, soak them in 55℃ warm water for 20 minutes while stirring constantly, then take them out and soak them in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 25 minutes for surface disinfection. After disinfection, rinse them 4 times with deionized water, then place them in a petri dish lined with moist filter paper and germinate them at 28℃ in the dark for 60 hours. Once more than 70% of the seeds show signs of germination, they are ready for use.

[0067] S2: Sow the sprouting seeds in pre-sterilized rockwool seedling blocks (2.5cm×2.5cm), one seed per block. Place the sown rockwool seedling blocks into seedling trays, then place the seedling trays in a seedling room, maintaining a daytime temperature of 25℃, a nighttime temperature of 18℃, a light intensity of 20000 Lux, 12 hours of light per day, and irrigate with 1 / 2 dose of Hogland nutrient solution to keep the substrate moist. The seedling period is 25 days.

[0068] S3: When the seedlings have grown 5 true leaves, transplant them together with the rock wool seedling blocks into the cultivation troughs with a pre-installed coconut coir and perlite mixed substrate (volume ratio 2:1). The planting density is 4 seedlings per square meter. Immediately after transplanting, water the seedlings with an appropriate amount of water to help them recover.

[0069] S4: Start supplying special nutrient solution on the 7th day after transplanting. Use a drip irrigation circulating solution supply system to supply 3 times a day, 150mL per plant each time. During this process, maintain the rhizosphere environment with a daytime temperature of 25℃, a nighttime temperature of 18℃, a light intensity of 30000Lux, and a daily light duration of 10 hours through the environmental control system.

[0070] S5: Harvest the chili peppers when they are fully enlarged, with smooth surfaces, bright green color, and appropriate flesh firmness.

[0071] The preparation method of the special nutrient solution and the raw materials used therein are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0072] Example 5: This example provides a hydroponic cultivation method to improve the quality of chili peppers. The specific steps are as follows:

[0073] S1: Select 100g of healthy and plump chili seeds, soak them in 55℃ warm water for 20 minutes while stirring constantly, then take them out and soak them in a 10% trisodium phosphate solution for 25 minutes for surface disinfection. After disinfection, rinse them 4 times with deionized water, then place them in a petri dish lined with moist filter paper and germinate them at 28℃ in the dark for 60 hours. Once more than 70% of the seeds show signs of germination, they are ready for use.

[0074] S2: Sow the sprouting seeds in pre-sterilized rockwool seedling blocks (2.5cm×2.5cm), one seed per block. Place the sown rockwool seedling blocks into seedling trays, then place the seedling trays in a seedling room, maintaining a daytime temperature of 28℃, a nighttime temperature of 20℃, a light intensity of 30000 Lux, 14 hours of light per day, and irrigate with 1 / 2 dose of Hogland nutrient solution to keep the substrate moist. The seedling period is 30 days.

[0075] S3: When the seedlings have grown 7 true leaves, transplant them together with the rock wool seedling blocks into the cultivation troughs with a pre-installed coconut coir and perlite mixed substrate (volume ratio 2:1). The planting density is 6 seedlings per square meter. Immediately after transplanting, water the seedlings with an appropriate amount of clean water to help them recover.

[0076] S4: Start supplying special nutrient solution on the 7th day after transplanting. Use a drip irrigation circulating solution supply system to supply 3 times a day, 150mL per plant each time. During this process, maintain the rhizosphere environment with a daytime temperature of 30℃, a nighttime temperature of 22℃, a light intensity of 50000Lux, and a daily light duration of 14 hours through the environmental control system.

[0077] S5: Harvest the chili peppers when they are fully enlarged, with smooth surfaces, bright green color, and appropriate flesh firmness.

[0078] The preparation method of the special nutrient solution and the raw materials used therein are exactly the same as in Example 1.

[0079] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example uses a traditional soil cultivation method: the same chili seeds as in Example 1 are selected and directly sown in soil seedling trays. The seedling period is the same, and the seeds are transplanted into ordinary soil at the same planting density as in Example 1. Conventional fertilizers and irrigation are used during the cultivation process, and other environmental conditions are kept consistent with those in Example 1.

[0080] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example provides a soilless cultivation method to improve the quality of chili peppers. It uses the same soilless cultivation method as Example 1, except that: the preparation method of the special nutrient solution (1) is modified to: L-phenylalanine and sinapic acid are added to a phosphate buffer solution with a pH of 5.8 and stirred to dissolve. Laccase is not added and no reaction is carried out to directly obtain the solution. (4) is modified to: the solution and the mixture are stirred evenly, and then the volume is adjusted to 1L with deionized water and the pH is adjusted to 6.0 with 1mol / L potassium hydroxide solution to obtain the special nutrient solution. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0081] Comparative Example 3: The difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that the special nutrient solution is replaced with an equal amount of conventional Hoagland nutrient solution, while the specific steps of the soilless cultivation method remain unchanged.

[0082] Experimental methods:

[0083] Growth index testing: Plant height: Measure the height from the substrate surface to the plant's growing point using a measuring tape. The results are as follows: Figure 2 As shown; Stem diameter: The diameter of the stem was measured 1 cm below the cotyledon node using an electronic digital caliper, and the result is as follows. Figure 3 As shown; Single fruit weight: The weight of 10 fruits was randomly weighed using an electronic balance, and the average value was taken. The results are shown below. Figure 4 As shown.

[0084] Chili pepper quality testing: Capsaicin content testing: Following GB / T21265-2007, the capsaicin content was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results are as follows: Figure 5 As shown; Vitamin C content: determined by 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol titration, the results are as follows. Figure 6 As shown; soluble sugar content: determined by the phenol method, the results are as follows. Figure 7 As shown.

[0085] from Figure 1 It can be seen that the peppers grown hydroponically in Example 1 grew taller and had fuller fruits, and Figure 2-4Furthermore, the plant height, stem diameter, and single fruit weight of the example group were all within or better than the typical range of chili varieties, and significantly higher than those of the comparative groups, indicating that the present invention can effectively promote robust plant growth. Fruit quality is key to determining its commercial value and market competitiveness. The test results of chili quality show that the capsaicin content, vitamin C content, and soluble sugar content of the example group were significantly higher than those of the comparative groups. These results demonstrate that the present invention has outstanding effects compared with traditional soil cultivation and conventional soilless cultivation methods in promoting chili plant growth, comprehensively improving fruit nutrition and flavor quality, and enhancing plant physiological activity.

[0086] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0087] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention. The actual application is not limited to this. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar methods and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soilless cultivation method for improving the quality of chili peppers, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Select chili seeds for disinfection and germination treatment. Once the seeds show white sprouts, remove them for later use. S2: Sow the white seeds in rock wool seedling blocks for seedling cultivation, and control the environmental conditions, including daily light and irrigation with Hogland nutrient solution. S3: When the seedlings grow true leaves, transplant them together with the rock wool seedling blocks into the cultivation trough, and water them immediately after transplanting. S4: Start supplying special nutrient solution on the 7th day after transplanting, and use a drip irrigation circulating solution supply system for irrigation; S5: Harvest the chili peppers when they are fully enlarged, with smooth surfaces, uniform color, and appropriate flesh firmness. The special nutrient solution comprises the following components by weight: calcium nitrate 800-1200, potassium nitrate 400-600, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate 150-250, magnesium sulfate 200-400, boric acid 2-4, manganese sulfate 1-2, zinc sulfate 0.5-1, copper sulfate 0.1-0.3, ammonium molybdate 0.05-0.1, L-phenylalanine 50-100, sinapic acid 10-30, and laccase 2-10.

2. The hydroponic cultivation method for improving chili pepper quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental conditions described in step S2 are: maintaining a daytime temperature of 25-28℃, a nighttime temperature of 18-20℃, and a light intensity of 20,000-30,000 Lux.

3. The hydroponic cultivation method for improving chili pepper quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the substrate of the cultivation trough is a mixture of coconut coir and perlite; the volume ratio of coconut coir to perlite in the mixture is 2:

1.

4. The soilless cultivation method for improving chili pepper quality according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation method of the special nutrient solution is as follows: (1) L-phenylalanine and sinapic acid were added to phosphate buffer and stirred to dissolve. Then laccase was added and stirred to react, resulting in a quinone polymer reaction solution. (2) Dissolve calcium nitrate separately in deionized water and stir thoroughly to obtain solution A; (3) Weigh out ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate, boric acid, manganese sulfate, zinc sulfate and copper sulfate and add them to deionized water. Stir and dissolve to obtain solution B. Then add solution A to solution B to obtain a mixed solution. (4) Add the quinone polymer reaction solution to the mixture obtained in step (3), stir and mix thoroughly, then make up the volume with deionized water, and adjust the pH with potassium hydroxide solution to obtain the special nutrient solution.

5. The hydroponic cultivation method for improving chili pepper quality according to claim 4, characterized in that, In the preparation method of the special nutrient solution (1), the phosphate buffer is a phosphate buffer with a pH of 5.

8.

6. The hydroponic cultivation method for improving chili pepper quality according to claim 4, characterized in that, The method for preparing the special nutrient solution (4) describes adjusting the pH with potassium hydroxide solution to 5.5-6.5.

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