Spartina alterniflora agentia prevention and treatment technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a Spartina alterniflora drug control technology, and relates to the technical field of coastal wetland ecological management, the early stage of bud differentiation of Spartina alterniflora is monitored through dynamic opportunity selection, and the soil salinity is adjusted by selecting a time window 2 hours after ebb tide and with a sunny day probability greater than 80% in combination with tide forecast. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a composite synergistic agent containing 25% imazapyr, soya bean lecithin, sodium humate and other materials, uniformly spraying the composite synergistic agent to leaf surface and root soil of plants by adopting high-pressure atomization equipment after ebb tide, supplementing an agent containing double nano titanium dioxide in case of rainfall, and reducing environmental interference and improving agent absorption efficiency through tide synergy and salinity adjustment; the adhesive force and the durability are enhanced through the synergistic effect of all the components in the composite agent; high-pressure atomization is combined with a calculation model to ensure uniform deposition of liquid medicine at the rhizome junction; the cloudy and rainy emergency mechanism dynamically responds to sudden weather, and the control continuity is maintained, so that the overall control effect, the resource utilization rate and the environmental adaptability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coastal wetland ecological management technology, and in particular to a herbicide control technology for Spartina alterniflora. Background Technology

[0002] Spartina alterniflora, an invasive plant in coastal mudflats, spreads rapidly in estuaries, salt marshes, and other ecosystems, damaging local biodiversity and mudflat stability. Chemical control is one of the core methods for controlling its spread, with broad application prospects, especially in coastal areas between 18° and 41° north latitude. However, existing technologies have the following defects and problems: traditional methods rely on fixed calendars or experience to determine the timing of spraying, without considering the physiological stages of plants and tidal cycles; they ignore the critical growth window in the early stage of flower bud differentiation of Spartina alterniflora, as well as tidal dynamics, resulting in a mismatch between the timing of spraying and environmental conditions, and low pesticide absorption efficiency; at the same time, existing technologies assume ideal weather conditions and do not design response plans for sudden events such as rainfall.

[0003] In response to the aforementioned technologies, a solution is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a herbal control technology for Spartina alterniflora to address the technical problems of insufficient timing selection mechanism, single herbal formulation, weak environmental adaptability, and lack of emergency response mechanism in existing technologies.

[0005] This application provides a herbicide control technology for Spartina alterniflora, which adopts the following technical solution: A herbicide control technology for Spartina alterniflora includes the following steps: S1. Dynamic timing selection: In the early stage of flower bud differentiation of Spartina alterniflora, soil salinity is detected and adjusted by combining the tidal forecast for the next 48 hours and selecting a time window of 2 hours after the tide recedes and with a sunny probability of >80%. S2. Preparation of compound synergistic agent: Mix 25% imidazole nicotinic acid, 1000 times diluted soybean lecithin, sodium humate powder, nano titanium dioxide suspension and plant-derived stress resistance signaling molecule inducer in a mass ratio of 3:0.8:0.1:0.1:0.05; S3. Tidal Co-spraying: Two hours after the tide recedes, use a high-pressure atomizing device to dilute the agent with 11-12 kg of water at a dosage of 0.5-0.7 L / mu, and spray it evenly on the leaves and root soil of Spartina alterniflora. The nozzle pressure of the high-pressure atomizing device shall not be less than 2 MPa, and the atomized particle size shall not be greater than 100 μm. S4. Emergency treatment for rainy weather: If it rains within 6 hours after spraying, apply 0.2-0.3 L / acre of chemical agent containing double nano titanium dioxide.

[0006] By employing the above technical solution, during the critical early stage of flower bud differentiation in Spartina alterniflora when 1-2 mm green buds appear at the base of the stem, and combined with the 48-hour tidal forecast, a time window of 2 hours after low tide with a sunny probability of over 80% was precisely selected. A portable salinity meter was used to monitor and adjust the soil pore water salinity to a suitable level below 6‰ in real time, creating an environment conducive to subsequent herbicide action. Simultaneously, 25% imidazole nicotinic acid, 1000 times diluted soybean lecithin, sodium humate powder with specific particle size and organic matter content, nano-titanium dioxide suspension with specific concentration and particle size, and plant-derived stress-resistance signaling molecules were incorporated. Methyl jasmonate nanocapsules, an inducer, are mixed in a mass ratio of 3:0.8:0.1:0.1:0.05 to form a compound synergistic agent. Imidazole nicotinic acid serves as the core herbicidal component, soybean lecithin enhances the permeability of the agent on the leaves and roots, sodium humate optimizes the rhizosphere microenvironment, and nano-titanium dioxide improves the stability of the agent through photocatalysis. The methyl jasmonate nanocapsules utilize the slow-release properties of their chitosan-sodium alginate polyelectrolyte wall material to continuously release methyl jasmonate signaling molecules within the plant, activating the endogenous stress resistance response mechanism of Spartina alterniflora, promoting stomatal opening and increasing cell membrane permeability. Subsequently, during the low tide window (2 hours after the tide recedes), a high-pressure atomization device with a nozzle pressure of no less than 2 MPa and an atomized particle size of no more than 100 μm is used to dilute the pesticide at a rate of 0.5-0.7 L / mu (approximately 0.33-0.33 kg / acre) with 11-12 kg of water and spray it evenly. Parameters such as spraying rate, uniformity coefficient, and effective area at the root-stem junction are calculated in real time to ensure that the pesticide coverage on both sides of the leaves and the soil at the root-stem junction is at least 90%. If rainfall occurs within 6 hours after spraying, immediately apply 0.2-0.3 L / mu of a chemical agent containing double the amount of nano-titanium dioxide. By multiplying the photocatalytic components and adding ethoxylated alkylamine anti-leaching solvent to form a hydrophobic protective layer, the device's built-in ultraviolet supplement lamp automatically activates the photocatalytic activity of nano-titanium dioxide under low light conditions. This achieves a system integration of plant physiological sensitivity period determination, tidal cycle coordination, precise soil salinity control, multi-component synergistic effect of compound agents, high-pressure atomization precision control, and dynamic emergency response. It significantly improves the adhesion persistence, absorption efficiency, and control reliability of the agent in saline-alkali tidal flats, while effectively avoiding the risk of control failure caused by tidal erosion and rainfall interference.

[0007] In step S1, the initial differentiation of Spartina alterniflora flower buds is determined by the appearance of 1-2 mm green buds at the base of the stem, and 0.5-1 g / m² of polyaspartate desalination agent is added during salinity adjustment. The molecular weight of the polyaspartate desalination agent is 2000-5000 Da.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, in step S1, the key physiological stage of the initial flower bud differentiation is accurately determined by observing the appearance of 1-2 mm green buds at the base of the Spartina alterniflora stem, ensuring that the timing of pesticide application is highly matched with the active metabolic period of the plant; at the same time, after selecting the time window in combination with the tidal forecast at this stage, 0.5-1 g / m² of polyaspartic acid salt desalination agent with a molecular weight of 2000-5000 Da is added. This desalination agent utilizes its polycarboxylic acid groups to undergo a highly efficient chelation reaction with sodium ions in the soil to form a soluble complex, which quickly neutralizes the salt through chemical action; This design principle not only accelerates the process of reducing soil pore water salinity and reduces the amount of water required for physical dilution by simple freshwater spraying, but also avoids the inhibition of the active ingredients of subsequent pesticides by the high-salt environment, significantly improving the efficiency of salinity regulation and creating conditions for the penetration and absorption of compound pesticides in the rhizosphere microenvironment, thereby enhancing the reliability of overall control and resource utilization.

[0009] In step S1, the detection and adjustment of soil salinity involves using a portable salinity meter to measure the salinity of the soil pore water. If the salinity is >6‰, a high-pressure atomizing nozzle is used to spray 20-50L of fresh water and the polyaspartic acid salt desalination agent per acre to form a salinity dilution window, so that the salinity of the soil pore water after the tide recedes is lower than 6‰.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, within the selected 2-hour time window after the tide recedes, the salinity of soil pore water is directly measured using a portable salinity meter as the basis for regulation. When the salinity is detected to exceed the critical threshold of 6‰, a physical intervention method of 20-50L / acre of fresh water is applied by directional spraying with a high-pressure atomizing nozzle. The rapid penetration characteristics of the atomized water droplets instantly form a local salinity dilution window, forcing the salinity of the rhizosphere micro-domain to drop below 6‰. The core purpose of this design, which controls soil pore water salinity below 6‰, is to maximize the effectiveness of herbicides, rather than relying on salinity itself to kill Spartina alterniflora. In a relatively suitable low-salt environment, Spartina alterniflora's stomata open more, its metabolism is more active, and its cell membrane permeability is better. At this time, when herbicides (such as imidacloprid) are sprayed, the herbicide can be absorbed more smoothly through the leaf stomata and roots, and be more efficiently transported within the plant, reaching the site of action directly, thus achieving "precision strike" and "efficient killing".

[0011] Five minutes after the freshwater spray, the salinity is remeasured using the portable salinity meter. If the salinity is not lower than 6‰, an additional 5-10 L / mu of the freshwater and 0.15-0.2 g / m² of desalination agent are sprayed using the high-pressure atomizing nozzle until the standard is met.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the salinity of pore water is retested using a portable salinity meter 5 minutes after freshwater spraying. If the salinity has not yet dropped below 6‰, a dynamic adjustment mechanism of adding 5-10L / acre of freshwater in stages is adopted until the salinity reaches the standard. This time is just enough for the atomized freshwater sprayed for the first time to complete the initial diffusion in the soil pores but has not yet completely mixed with the deep high-salt solution. At this time, the retest can truly reflect the degree of improvement in the salinity of the rhizosphere microzone. The staged additional spraying precisely controls the salinity dilution process through multiple micro-interventions, which avoids excessive freshwater scouring that could damage the soil structure and ensures the efficient establishment of a low-salt environment that meets the requirements of the agent's activity during the ebb tide window.

[0013] The sodium humate powder has a particle size of no more than 200 mesh and an organic matter content of no less than 85%. The nano titanium dioxide suspension has a concentration of 9-10 wt% and a particle size of 20-50 nm. The calcium alginate-coated slow-release carrier is loaded with propargyl ether, with a coating rate of ≥90% and a slow-release period of 5-7 days.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the sodium humate powder has a particle size of no more than 200 mesh and an organic matter content of no less than 85%, ensuring that its huge specific surface area and highly active organic matter can quickly exert its ion exchange function in the soil after salinity regulation, effectively chelating residual sodium ions and optimizing the rhizosphere microenvironment structure; at the same time, the concentration of nano titanium dioxide suspension is controlled at 9-10wt% and the particle size is 20-50nm, so that it can fully stimulate photocatalytic activity through ideal light scattering characteristics during the sunny window period, enhance the stability of the agent and form an anti-erosion protective film in conjunction with soybean lecithin. A slow-release carrier coated with calcium alginate is introduced to load propargite. The three-dimensional gel network formed by the cross-linking of calcium alginate with calcium ions enables molecular sieve controlled release of the herbicide molecules. The coating rate is ≥90%, ensuring continuous release of the active ingredient during the tidal interval. The 5-7 day slow-release cycle precisely matches the physiological metabolic rhythm of Spartina alterniflora during the critical stage of flower bud differentiation. Through the dynamic coupling of the carrier degradation rate and the herbicide action cycle, the effective drug concentration at the root-rhizome junction is maintained while reducing the loss of conventional herbicides. This completely solves the problem of interrupted efficacy caused by tidal erosion, significantly improving the continuity of control and resource utilization.

[0015] In step S2, the plant-derived stress resistance signaling molecule inducer is methyl jasmonate nanocapsules, which are prepared by ionogel method. The chitosan has a molecular weight of 50–100 kDa, the sodium alginate viscosity is ≥2000 mPa·s, the core material loading rate is not less than 15%, and it can be continuously released for more than 72 hours in a pH 6.0–8.0 environment. The release rate curve conforms to the Higuchi kinetic model.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, methyl jasmonate nanocapsules can activate the plant's endogenous stress resistance response mechanism by simulating stress signals in the early stage of Spartina alterniflora flower bud differentiation, promote stomatal opening and increase cell membrane permeability, significantly enhance the transmembrane transport and intracellular accumulation of active ingredients such as imidazole nicotinic acid, and at the same time, the microcapsule's sustained-release properties can extend the action time to more than 72 hours, synergizing with the formation time of the tidal window, thereby improving the killing effect and delaying the development of drug resistance while reducing the dosage of the main agent.

[0017] In step S3, during spraying, the pesticide solution covers both sides of the Spartina alterniflora leaves and the soil at the junction of the rootstock and soil surface. The spraying parameters are calculated to ensure a consistent deposition of the pesticide solution per unit area in the soil at the junction. The calculation expression is as follows: ; in, Indicates the spraying rate; Indicates the target total volume of liquid medicine; Indicates the uniformity coefficient; Indicates the calibration constant; Indicates plant density; Indicates soil porosity; Indicates wind speed; Indicates the effective area of ​​the soil at the boundary; This indicates the number of plants per unit area; Indicates the average height of the plant; Indicates the radius coefficient of the root-stem junction; The expression indicates the spraying time, and ensures that the uniformity of soil coverage by the pesticide solution at the interface is not less than 90%.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the effective area at the root-rhizome junction is increased. The model incorporates the plant height H and the root-stem junction radius coefficient. The product relationship accurately maps the three-dimensional space of actual pesticide deposition; the spraying rate v is based on the target pesticide amount Q and time T through... The coupled calculation with U ensures that the ultrafine pesticide solution output by the high-pressure atomization equipment is strictly matched with the microenvironment characteristics of the plant. This forms a multi-parameter collaborative feedback mechanism, which can ensure the spatial consistency of pesticide deposition on the upper and lower surfaces of leaves and the soil at the root-stem junction even under the variable wind conditions in coastal areas. Theoretically, it can achieve a coverage uniformity of no less than 90%, completely solving the problem of localized excessive pesticide application or insufficient penetration caused by traditional extensive spraying. This provides a precise spatial distribution guarantee for the maximum absorption of compound synergistic agents during the physiologically sensitive period.

[0019] In step S4, the nano titanium dioxide in the double nano titanium dioxide agent has a mass ratio of 0.1-0.2, and 0.05% ethoxylated alkylamine anti-leaching solvent is added. The device has a built-in ultraviolet lamp to enhance the activation of the nano titanium dioxide.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, if it rains within 6 hours after spraying in step S4, a pesticide containing double the amount of nano-titanium dioxide is applied again. The mass ratio of nano-titanium dioxide is precisely controlled within the range of 0.1-0.2%, ensuring that the density of its photocatalytic active ingredients is doubled. At the same time, 0.05% ethoxylated alkylamine is added as an anti-leaching solvent. The long-chain alkyl structure of this solvent forms a uniform hydrophobic layer on the surface of the pesticide, effectively reducing the surface tension of rainwater and reducing the loss of pesticide solution. The built-in ultraviolet lamp of the equipment provides a high-intensity ultraviolet light source to instantly stimulate the photocatalytic activity of nano-titanium dioxide, enhance its redox reaction ability, and improve the adhesion persistence and weeding efficiency of the pesticide under rainy conditions.

[0021] In step S4, the supplementary application operation must meet the following conditions: If no rainfall is forecast within 2 hours after the tide recedes, the re-application operation shall proceed as normal. If rainfall occurs within 2 hours after reapplication, immediately cover the reapplication area with a biodegradable film, and spray sodium humate-titanium dioxide composite powder and 0.02 g / m² propargite ether on the outside of the film at a dosage of 0.1 g / m². Then, remove the cellulose film 2 hours after the rainfall stops, and at the same time, spray 0.1 L / acre of resistance reversal agent on the film removal area.

[0022] The method is applicable to the control of Spartina alterniflora in coastal mudflats between 18° and 41° north latitude. After two years of continuous implementation, an Spartina alterniflora resistance gene inhibitor is added to the compound synergistic agent, and the Spartina alterniflora resistance gene inhibitor is simultaneously coated with the slow-release carrier.

[0023] By adopting the above scheme, in step S4, when sudden rainfall occurs within 2 hours after reapplication, a biodegradable film is immediately covered to form a physical barrier layer to block direct rainwater erosion. Sodium humate-titanium dioxide composite powder and 0.02 g / m² propargite are sprayed on the outside of the film. Utilizing the synergistic effect of sodium humate's water-reactive gelling properties and titanium dioxide's photocatalytic activity, an anti-erosion hydrophobic protective layer is generated in situ on the film surface. The time threshold design of removing the cellulose film 2 hours after the rainfall stops ensures effective penetration and adsorption of the pesticides within the film while avoiding the risk of root and stem rot caused by excessive humidity under the film. Simultaneously, 0.1 L / acre of a 0.5% salicylic acid solution is sprayed in the film removal area. This complex, along with a 1% chitosan resistance reversal agent, reverses potential herbicide resistance in Spartina alterniflora through the dual effects of salicylic acid activating plant systemic resistance pathways and chitosan disrupting biomembrane structures. For areas where control measures have been implemented for two consecutive years, an Spartina alterniflora resistance gene inhibitor, synchronously encapsulated with a slow-release carrier, is added to the compound synergistic agent. Controlled release via the carrier enables targeted delivery of the inhibitor to the rhizomes, continuously inhibiting the expression of resistance genes such as ARG-1. This closed-loop design principle, through the synergistic effects of physical isolation, chemical protection, resistance reversal, and gene inhibition, thoroughly addresses the problem of resistance development caused by sudden intertidal rainfall and long-term control measures, significantly improving the continuity of control and environmental adaptability.

[0024] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. By using compound synergistic agents, a synergistic effect is achieved. Soybean lecithin acts as a surfactant to enhance permeability, sodium humate optimizes the soil microenvironment, and nano-titanium dioxide provides photocatalytic stability. This improves the adhesion and persistence of the agent on leaves and roots, reduces erosion and loss, and adapts to saline-alkali tidal flat conditions. 2. By integrating variables such as plant density, wind speed, and soil porosity through high-pressure atomization equipment and parameter calculation models, we can ensure that the pesticide solution is deposited evenly at the root-stem junction. This can achieve consistent pesticide dosage per unit area, avoid local over- or under-dosage, and improve the overall control effect. 3. By employing an emergency response mechanism for rainy weather, we can dynamically respond to sudden weather events and prevent pesticide runoff. This maintains the continuity of the control process, reduces the risk of failure, and enhances the robustness of the method in variable coastal environments.

[0025] 4. By employing sustained-release carrier technology to load active ingredients such as propargite onto calcium alginate-coated structures, a controllable release cycle of 5-7 days is maintained during the tidal interval, significantly extending the duration of the herbicide's effectiveness and reducing its loss. Simultaneously, a resistance management mechanism is deployed, using the synergistic effect of propargite and salicylic acid-chitosan complex to disrupt the herbicide-resistant biofilm structure of Spartina alterniflora, and leveraging the nano-silver-peptide complex to target and inhibit the expression pathway of resistance genes, ultimately achieving an effective reduction in herbicide dosage and a fundamental blockade of resistance development in long-term control.

[0026] 5. By adding methyl jasmonate nanocapsules to the formulation, the endogenous stress resistance response mechanism of Spartina alterniflora can be activated by simulating stress signals in the early stage of flower bud differentiation, promoting stomatal opening and increasing cell membrane permeability. This significantly enhances the transmembrane transport and intracellular accumulation of active ingredients such as imidazole nicotinic acid. At the same time, the sustained-release properties of the microcapsules can extend the duration of action to more than 72 hours, synergizing with the formation of the tidal window. This improves the killing effect and delays the development of resistance while reducing the dosage of the main agent. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0029] This application discloses a herbal control technique for Spatholobus suberectus.

[0030] A herbicide control technique for Spatholobus suberectus includes the following steps: S1. Dynamic timing selection: In the early stage of flower bud differentiation of Spartina alterniflora, soil salinity is detected and adjusted by combining the tidal forecast for the next 48 hours and selecting a time window of 2 hours after the tide recedes and with a sunny probability of >80%. S2. Preparation of compound synergistic agent: Mix 25% imidazole nicotinic acid, 1000 times diluted soybean lecithin, sodium humate powder, nano titanium dioxide suspension and plant-derived stress resistance signaling molecule inducer in a mass ratio of 3:0.8:0.1:0.1:0.05; S3. Tidal Co-spraying: Two hours after the tide recedes, use a high-pressure atomizing device to dilute the agent with 11-12 kg of water at a dosage of 0.5-0.7 L / mu, and spray it evenly on the leaves and root soil of Spartina alterniflora. The nozzle pressure of the high-pressure atomizing device shall not be less than 2 MPa, and the atomized particle size shall not be greater than 100 μm. S4. Emergency treatment for rainy weather: If it rains within 6 hours after spraying, apply 0.2-0.3 L / acre of chemical agent containing double nano titanium dioxide.

[0031] Specifically, operators first need to inspect the base of the stems of Spartina alterniflora plants in the target control area every day. When green buds with a diameter of 1-2 mm are observed using standard measuring calipers, it is determined that the plant has entered the early stage of flower bud differentiation. At the same time, the operator connects to the tide forecast data for the next 48 hours released by the local marine meteorological department and selects the time window that meets the requirement of 2 hours after the start of low tide and a clear day probability of more than 80% as the candidate operation period. During the selected time period, the portable salinity meter probe is vertically inserted 15cm below the ground surface to directly measure the salinity of soil pore water. If the reading exceeds the critical threshold of 6‰, the high-pressure atomization equipment is immediately activated and fresh water is sprayed with a flow rate of 20-50 liters / acre and 0.5-1g / m² of polyaspartic acid salt desalination agent with a molecular weight of 2000-5000Da is added. The high-efficiency chelation reaction between its polycarboxylic acid groups and sodium ions accelerates salt neutralization and creates a continuous low-salt environment for subsequent chemical action. Subsequently, 25% imidazole nicotinic acid aqueous solution, 1000-fold diluted soybean lecithin solution, 200-mesh sodium humate powder with organic matter content ≥85%, 9-10wt% 20-50nm nano titanium dioxide suspension, and methyl jasmonate nanocapsules were accurately weighed according to a mass ratio of 3:0.8:0.1:0.1:0.05. The microcapsules were prepared by ionogel method, with chitosan molecular weight of 50-100kDa and sodium alginate viscosity ≥2000mPa·s. The core material loading rate was not less than 15%. In an environment of pH 6.0-8.0, it can achieve sustained release for more than 72 hours by relying on the three-dimensional network of polyelectrolytes. The mixture was stirred in an anti-settling stirrer at 120rpm for 15 minutes to form a homogeneous dispersion system. Two hours after the tide has completely receded, within the selected two-hour window after the tide has receded, activate the intelligent spraying platform (such as a drone or unmanned ground platform) that integrates a GNSSRTK positioning module and a multispectral visual sensing system. The platform automatically plans the travel path and spraying parameters based on a "precise spraying prescription map" generated in advance using aerial survey data and the calculation model described in this invention. When the meteorological monitoring system detects rainfall ≥0.5mm / h within 6 hours after spraying, it immediately adds twice the amount of nano-titanium dioxide suspension to the original formula using a precision electronic balance, ensuring that the mass ratio of nano-titanium dioxide in the final agent is strictly controlled within the range of 0.10-0.20. At the same time, 0.05% ethoxylated alkylamine anti-leaching solvent is added. The modified equipment using integrated 365nm ultraviolet LED supplemental lighting tubes automatically triggers an 850μW / cm² ultraviolet light source to stimulate photocatalytic activity when the solar radiation intensity is below 200W / m². It is sprayed at a uniform rate of 0.2-0.3L / acre. Through the integration of multiple elements such as plant physiological sensitivity period determination, chemical desalination synergy, slow-release signal molecule induction, and photocatalytic enhancement, the adhesion persistence, absorption efficiency, and control reliability of the agent in saline-alkali tidal flats are significantly improved.

[0032] In step S1, the initial differentiation of Spartina alterniflora flower buds is determined by the appearance of 1-2 mm green buds at the base of the stem, and 0.5-1 g / m² of polyaspartate desalination agent is added during salinity adjustment. The molecular weight of the polyaspartate desalination agent is 2000-5000 Da.

[0033] Specifically, operators need to use standard calipers daily to inspect the morphology of the stem base of randomly marked Spartina alterniflora plants in the tidal flat area. When hemispherical green buds with a diameter strictly within the range of 1.0-2.0 mm are observed to break through the leaf sheath for three consecutive days, it is confirmed that the plant has entered the critical early stage of flower bud differentiation. Simultaneously, the operator should access 48-hour tide forecast data released by the marine meteorological department and select a time window that meets the condition of 2 hours after the start of low tide and a clear sky probability >80%. When this window opens, the operator should immediately insert a portable salinity meter probe vertically 15 cm below the surface to measure the pore water salinity. If the measured value exceeds the critical threshold of 6‰, the operator should activate the high-pressure atomization equipment and spray 20-50 ml of water at a uniform speed with a fan-shaped nozzle at a 30° elevation angle and a height of 50 cm above the ground. Add L / mu of freshwater and simultaneously add a polyaspartic acid salt desalination agent with a molecular weight of 2000-5000 Da at a dosage of 0.5-1 g / m². This desalination agent, due to the spatial configuration of its polycarboxylic acid groups, undergoes a highly efficient chelation reaction with soil sodium ions during the salinity regulation stage to form a water-soluble complex, increasing the salt neutralization rate by more than 50% compared to pure physical dilution, creating a sustained low-salt environment for subsequent chemical action. Five minutes after spraying, remeasure the salinity at the original measurement point. If the standard is not met, apply an additional 5-10 L / mu of freshwater and 0.15-0.2 g / m² of desalination agent in stages until the salinity is stably below 6‰. This approach, through precise physiological period determination and the synergistic mechanism of chemical desalination, significantly improves the scientific nature of timing selection and the efficiency of salinity regulation.

[0034] In step S1, the detection and adjustment of soil salinity involves using a portable salinity meter to measure the salinity of the soil pore water. If the salinity is >6‰, a high-pressure atomizing nozzle is used to spray 20-50L of fresh water and the polyaspartic acid salt desalination agent per acre to form a salinity dilution window, so that the salinity of the soil pore water after the tide recedes is lower than 6‰.

[0035] Specifically, during the selected 2-hour window after low tide, the operator vertically inserts the portable salinity meter probe 15cm below the soil surface to directly read the soil pore water salinity value. When the detected value exceeds the 6‰ threshold, the operator immediately connects the high-pressure atomizing equipment and sprays 20-50L / acre of fresh water at a uniform speed with the fan-shaped nozzle at a 30° angle and 50cm above the ground. The rapid infiltration of the atomized water droplets creates a temporary low-salt zone around the roots.

[0036] Five minutes after the freshwater spray, the salinity is retested using the portable salinity meter. If the salinity is not lower than 6‰, an additional 5-10L / acre of freshwater is sprayed using the high-pressure atomizing nozzle until the standard is met.

[0037] Specifically, immediately after the first freshwater spray, start the timer and wait 5 minutes to remeasure the pore water salinity at the original measurement point depth using the same portable salinity meter. If the remeasured value is still higher than 6‰, the operator should spray additional freshwater in increments of 5-10 liters per acre. After each additional spray, let it stand for 5 minutes and remeasure again. After each additional spray, the salinity meter measurement point should be changed to avoid local interference until the salinity at two consecutive measurement points is consistently lower than 6‰.

[0038] The sodium humate powder has a particle size of no more than 200 mesh and an organic matter content of no less than 85%. The nano titanium dioxide suspension has a concentration of 9-10 wt% and a particle size of 20-50 nm. The calcium alginate-coated slow-release carrier is loaded with propargyl ether, with a coating rate of ≥90% and a slow-release period of 5-7 days.

[0039] Specifically, when preparing the compound synergistic agent, the operator first verifies that the sodium humate powder passes through a 200-mesh standard sieve completely, and uses a volumetric method (external heating method) with potassium dichromate oxidation followed by oil bath heating to determine the organic matter content to be ≥85%. The nano-titanium dioxide suspension needs to be confirmed by laser particle size analyzer to have a particle size distribution of 20-50nm, and the concentration is calibrated to 9.0-10.0wt% using a refractometer. The core innovative operation involves adding calcium alginate powder and propargite at a mass ratio of 10:1 to a fluidized bed coating machine, using calcium chloride solution as a crosslinking agent, to form sustained-release carrier microspheres with a coating rate of ≥90% under 45℃ hot air conditions; the main agent is then prepared. At that time, 3 parts of 25% imidazole nicotinic acid aqueous solution, 0.8 parts of 1000 times diluted soybean lecithin solution, 0.1 parts of qualified sodium humate powder, 0.1 parts of nano titanium dioxide suspension, and 0.05 parts of slow-release carrier were added to an anti-settling mixing tank and mixed at 120 rpm for 15 minutes. The slow-release carrier utilizes the three-dimensional gel network formed by calcium alginate and calcium ions to achieve molecular sieve controlled release of propargite. The 5-7 day slow-release cycle precisely matches the plant's metabolic rhythm during the flower bud differentiation stage. Through the dynamic coupling of the carrier degradation rate and the drug release kinetics, the effective drug concentration at the root-stem junction is continuously maintained under tidal flushing conditions, significantly improving the continuity of control.

[0040] In step S2, the plant-derived stress resistance signaling molecule inducer is methyl jasmonate nanocapsules, which are prepared by ionogel method. The chitosan has a molecular weight of 50–100 kDa, the sodium alginate viscosity is ≥2000 mPa·s, the core material loading rate is not less than 15%, and it can be continuously released for more than 72 hours in a pH 6.0–8.0 environment. The release rate curve conforms to the Higuchi kinetic model.

[0041] Specifically, the operator first dissolves chitosan powder with a molecular weight of 50-100 kDa and sodium alginate with a viscosity ≥2000 mPa·s in deionized water at a mass ratio of 1:3. The solution is then filtered through a 0.22 μm microporous membrane to obtain a mixed substrate solution. Subsequently, methyl jasmonate stock solution is slowly injected into the substrate solution at a loading rate of 15%. While maintaining a magnetic stirrer speed of 500 rpm, 0.1 mol / L calcium chloride crosslinking agent is added dropwise. Through ionogelation, the amino groups of chitosan and the carboxyl groups of sodium alginate form a three-dimensional polyelectrolyte network structure, completing the core material encapsulation. The resulting microcapsule suspension is then spray-dried at an inlet air temperature of 100℃. Solid powder with a particle size of 80-200 nm was prepared under an outlet air temperature of 60℃. Its encapsulation rate was ≥90%, and its release behavior under different pH conditions conformed to the Higuchi kinetic model. When preparing the compound synergistic agent, the microcapsule powder was added to an anti-settling mixing tank with 25% imidazole nicotinic acid aqueous solution, 1000 times soybean lecithin solution, sodium humate powder, and nano titanium dioxide suspension in a mass ratio of 0.05:3:0.8:0.1:0.1 and mixed at 120 rpm for 15 minutes to form a homogeneous system.

[0042] In step S3, during spraying, the pesticide solution covers both sides of the Spartina alterniflora leaves and the soil at the junction of the rootstock and soil surface. The spraying parameters are calculated to ensure a consistent deposition of the pesticide solution per unit area in the soil at the junction. The calculation expression is as follows: ; ; Specifically, It indicates the spraying rate, the output value of the calculation formula, and guides the equipment to adjust the flow rate in real time; Indicates the target total volume of liquid medicine; The uniformity coefficient is represented by the sub-formula. calculate; Indicates the calibration constant; Plant density can be identified and obtained through on-site monitoring or images; Indicates soil porosity; Indicates wind speed and monitors it in real time. In actual operation, when the wind speed is high, the rate needs to be increased to compensate for drift loss. Indicates the effective area of ​​the soil at the boundary; This indicates the number of plants per unit area; This indicates the average height of the plant, which ranges from 34.6 to 71.1 cm. The root-rhizome junction radius coefficient represents the annular soil coverage area at the junction of each plant. The spraying time is determined by the equipment's movement speed and is measured on-site based on plant density. Soil porosity Wind speed and plant height Then, substitute the required operating data into the formula, use a high-pressure atomization device, adjust the flow valve according to v, move the nozzle at a constant speed, maintain the angle, and ensure that the liquid is evenly deposited on the front and back of the leaves and the soil at the interface. Monitor the coverage rate during spraying. If the coverage rate is <90%, dynamically recalculate v.

[0043] In step S4, the nano titanium dioxide in the double nano titanium dioxide agent has a mass ratio of 0.1-0.2, and 0.05% ethoxylated alkylamine anti-leaching solvent is added. The device has a built-in ultraviolet lamp to enhance the activation of the nano titanium dioxide.

[0044] Specifically, when the meteorological monitoring system detects rainfall ≥ 0.5 mm / h within 6 hours after spraying, the operator immediately initiates the emergency procedure: First, take the basic compound agent components, and use a precision electronic balance to add the nano-titanium dioxide suspension at twice the original formula, so that the mass ratio of nano-titanium dioxide in the final agent is strictly controlled within the range of 0.10-0.20. The precision electronic balance should be selected with an actual scale division value d ≤ 0.0001g (0.1mg), with a detection scale value e=0.001g (1mg), and a precision electronic analytical balance with a maximum weighing capacity of not less than 200g; simultaneously, 0.05% ethoxylated alkylamine anti-leaching solvent is added. This long-chain alkyl structure substance is mixed in a magnetic stirrer at 80rpm for 5 minutes, and a homogeneous dispersion system is verified by the Tyndall effect; during operation, a modified high-pressure atomization device is used, whose spray bar integrates a 365nm wavelength ultraviolet LED supplemental light tube. When the real-time solar irradiance is lower than 200W / m², the ultraviolet light source is automatically triggered, and the spray droplets are continuously irradiated with an irradiance of 850μW / cm²; during the spraying process, the wind speed is strictly limited to ≤3m / s, and 0.2-0.3L / acre of pesticide solution is sprayed uniformly at a height of 40cm from the plant canopy using a fan-shaped nozzle. This allows the multiplied nanoparticles to instantly generate strong oxidative free radicals under ultraviolet excitation, and simultaneously resists rainwater erosion by relying on the molecular-level hydrophobic film formed by the anti-leaching solvent.

[0045] In step S4, the supplementary application operation must meet the following conditions: If no rainfall is forecast within 2 hours after the tide recedes, the re-application operation shall proceed as normal. If rainfall occurs within 2 hours after reapplication, immediately cover the reapplication area with a biodegradable film, and spray sodium humate-titanium dioxide composite powder and 0.02 g / m² propargite ether on the outside of the film at a dosage of 0.1 g / m². Then, remove the cellulose film 2 hours after the rainfall stops, and at the same time, spray 0.1 L / acre of resistance reversal agent on the film removal area.

[0046] The herbal control method for Spartina alterniflora is applicable to coastal mudflats between 18° and 41° north latitude. After two years of continuous implementation, an inhibitor of Spartina alterniflora resistance genes is added to the compound synergistic agent, and the inhibitor of Spartina alterniflora resistance genes is simultaneously coated with a slow-release carrier.

[0047] Specifically, if sudden rainfall occurs within two hours after applying double the amount of nano-titanium dioxide, operators should immediately lay a 0.05mm thick biodegradable film to completely cover the ground surface in the application area. This film must have a tensile strength ≥15MPa to ensure resistance to wind and wave tearing. The spraying procedure is as follows: Spray sodium humate-titanium dioxide composite powder and 0.02 g / m² propargite on the outside of the membrane. The sodium humate gels upon contact with water and the photocatalytic effect of titanium dioxide forms a hydrophobic protective layer. Remove the membrane 2 hours after the rainfall stops to avoid excessive humidity and rotting. At the same time, spray 0.1 L / acre of resistance reversal agent in the removed area to reverse potential resistance with salicylic acid and chitosan components to ensure the continuity of control. Simultaneously, a backpack duster was used at a walking speed of 0.5 m / s to evenly spray 0.1 g / m² sodium humate-titanium dioxide composite powder and 0.02 g / m² propargite oxychloride onto the outside of the membrane. Rainwater was used to activate the gelling properties of sodium humate, which, in conjunction with titanium dioxide, formed a hydrophobic protective shell layer 50-100 μm thick on the membrane surface. Immediately after the rainfall stopped, a timer was started. Two hours later, the cellulose membrane was quickly removed by workers along the seams to prevent excessive humidity beneath the membrane. Then, a high-pressure atomizing device was used to spray 0.1 L / acre of a resistance reversal agent in the membrane removal area. This agent contains 0.5% salicylic acid and 1% chitosan, and the salicylic acid activates the plant... The synergistic effect of systemic resistance pathways and chitosan molecular chains disrupting the phospholipid bilayer of biofilms reverses resistance. For areas where control measures have been implemented for two consecutive years, during the first operation of the year, the nano-silver-peptide complex resistance gene inhibitor and propargite are added to a fluidized bed coating machine at a mass ratio of 1:100. The composite microspheres are simultaneously coated using calcium alginate carriers, with a coating rate of ≥90%, ensuring that the inhibitor is slowly released at the root and stem sites along with the carrier, continuously blocking the transcription process of the ARG-1 resistance gene, and forming a closed-loop control system from physical isolation to gene regulation. At the same time, because the pesticide can damage non-target plants (mangroves), non-target plants should generally be avoided during spraying.

[0048] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: First, by monitoring the signal of 1-2mm green buds appearing at the base of the stem during the early differentiation of Spartina alterniflora flower buds, and combining the tide forecast for the next 48 hours, a time window of 2 hours after the tide recedes and with a probability of sunny days greater than 80% is accurately selected. At the same time, the salinity of soil pore water is detected and adjusted to be below 6‰ to reduce tidal interference and weather influence, create a low-salt soil environment, significantly improve the absorption efficiency of the pesticide and reduce the loss of efficacy caused by environmental factors. Then, a compound synergistic agent was prepared, consisting of 25% imidazole nicotinic acid, 1000 times diluted soybean lecithin, sodium humate powder, and nano titanium dioxide suspension in a mass ratio of 3:0.8:0.1:0.1. Soybean lecithin enhances leaf permeability, sodium humate optimizes the soil microenvironment, and nano titanium dioxide provides photocatalytic stability. Two hours after the tide recedes, the agent is sprayed after being diluted with water using a high-pressure atomization device at a dosage of 0.5-0.7 L / acre. The spraying parameters are calculated to ensure that the solution evenly covers both sides of the Spartina alterniflora leaves and the soil at the junction of the rootstock and soil surface, so as to achieve a consistent deposition per unit area and avoid local over- or under-application. Secondly, if it rains within 6 hours after spraying, apply 0.2-0.3 L / acre of chemical agent containing double nano titanium dioxide. If it rains suddenly within 2 hours after application, immediately cover with a biodegradable film and spray with sodium humate-titanium dioxide composite powder. Remove the film after the rain stops to dynamically respond to sudden weather and prevent the agent from being washed away.

[0049] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A herbal control technique for Spatholobus suberectus, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Dynamic timing selection: In the early stage of flower bud differentiation of Spartina alterniflora, soil salinity is detected and adjusted by combining the tidal forecast for the next 48 hours and selecting a time window of 2 hours after the tide recedes and with a sunny probability of >80%. S2. Preparation of compound synergistic agent: Mix 25% imidazole nicotinic acid, 1000 times diluted soybean lecithin, sodium humate powder, nano titanium dioxide suspension and plant-derived stress resistance signaling molecule inducer in a mass ratio of 3:0.8:0.1:0.1:0.05; S3. Tidal Co-spraying: Two hours after the tide recedes, use a high-pressure atomizing device to dilute the agent with 11-12 kg of water at a dosage of 0.5-0.7 L / mu, and spray it evenly on the leaves and root soil of Spartina alterniflora. The nozzle pressure of the high-pressure atomizing device shall not be less than 2 MPa, and the atomized particle size shall not be greater than 100 μm. S4. Emergency treatment for rainy weather: If it rains within 6 hours after spraying, apply 0.2-0.3 L / acre of chemical agent containing double nano titanium dioxide.

2. The herbicide control technology for Spatholobus suberectus according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the initial differentiation of Spartina alterniflora flower buds is determined by the appearance of 1-2 mm green buds at the base of the stem, and 0.5-1 g / m² of polyaspartate desalination agent is added during salinity adjustment. The molecular weight of the polyaspartate desalination agent is 2000-5000 Da.

3. The herbicide control technology for *Symplocos edulis* according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step S1, the detection and adjustment of soil salinity involves using a portable salinity meter to measure the salinity of the soil pore water. If the salinity is >6‰, a high-pressure atomizing nozzle is used to spray 20-50L of fresh water and the polyaspartic acid salt desalination agent per acre to form a salinity dilution window, so that the salinity of the soil pore water after the tide recedes is lower than 6‰.

4. The herbicide control technology for *Symplocos edulis* according to claim 3, characterized in that: Five minutes after the freshwater spray, the salinity is remeasured using the portable salinity meter. If the salinity is not lower than 6‰, an additional 5-10 L / mu of the freshwater and 0.15-0.2 g / m² of desalination agent are sprayed using the high-pressure atomizing nozzle until the standard is met.

5. The herbicide control technology for *Symplocos edulis* according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sodium humate powder has a particle size of no more than 200 mesh and an organic matter content of no less than 85%. The nano titanium dioxide suspension has a concentration of 9-10 wt% and a particle size of 20-50 nm. The calcium alginate-coated slow-release carrier is loaded with propargyl ether, with a coating rate of ≥90% and a slow-release period of 5-7 days.

6. The herbicide control technology for *Symplocos edulis* according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the plant-derived stress resistance signaling molecule inducer is methyl jasmonate nanocapsules, which are prepared by ionogel method. The chitosan has a molecular weight of 50–100 kDa, the sodium alginate viscosity is ≥2000 mPa·s, the core material loading rate is not less than 15%, and it can be continuously released for more than 72 hours in a pH 6.0–8.0 environment. The release rate curve conforms to the Higuchi kinetic model.

7. The herbicide control technology for *Symplocos edulis* according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, during spraying, the pesticide solution covers both sides of the Spartina alterniflora leaves and the soil at the junction of the rootstock and soil surface. The spraying parameters are calculated to ensure a consistent deposition of the pesticide solution per unit area in the soil at the junction. The calculation expression is as follows: ； in, Indicates the spraying rate; Indicates the target total volume of liquid medicine; Indicates the uniformity coefficient; Indicates the calibration constant; Indicates plant density; Indicates soil porosity; Indicates wind speed; Indicates the effective area of ​​the soil at the boundary; This indicates the number of plants per unit area; Indicates the average height of the plant; Indicates the radius coefficient of the root-stem junction; The expression indicates the spraying time, and ensures that the uniformity of soil coverage by the pesticide solution at the interface is not less than 90%.

8. The herbicide control technology for Spatholobus suberectus according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the nano titanium dioxide in the double nano titanium dioxide agent has a mass ratio of 0.1-0.2, and 0.05% ethoxylated alkylamine anti-leaching solvent is added. The device has a built-in ultraviolet lamp to enhance the activation of the nano titanium dioxide.

9. The herbicide control technology for *Symplocos edulis* according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the supplementary application operation must meet the following conditions: If no rainfall is forecast within 2 hours after the tide recedes, the re-application operation shall proceed as normal. If rainfall occurs within 2 hours after reapplication, immediately cover the reapplication area with a biodegradable film, and spray sodium humate-titanium dioxide composite powder and 0.02 g / m² propargite ether on the outside of the film at a dosage of 0.1 g / m². Then, remove the cellulose film 2 hours after the rainfall stops, and at the same time, spray 0.1 L / acre of resistance reversal agent on the film removal area.

10. A herbicide control technique for *Symplocos edulis* according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: The chemical control method for Spartina alterniflora is applicable to Spartina alterniflora control areas in coastal mudflats between 18° and 41° north latitude. After two years of continuous implementation, an Spartina alterniflora resistance gene inhibitor is added to the compound synergistic agent, and the Spartina alterniflora resistance gene inhibitor is simultaneously coated with the slow-release carrier.

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