Screw end trimming device and machining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a screw end trimming device and a machining method, and belongs to the technical field of intelligent manufacturing industry equipment.The screw end trimming device comprises a machine tool, a chuck, a tailstock and a caterpillar track type linear module are installed in the machine tool, a guide rail is installed in the machine tool and corresponds to the chuck and the tailstock, and a grinding mechanism is slidably connected to the guide rail; according to the grinding device, the multiple grinding wheels rotate while circularly moving around the end of the screw rod, the grinding efficiency is effectively improved, the multiple grinding wheels are arranged in the circumferential direction of the end of the screw rod, the clamping and limiting effects are achieved, the grinding efficiency is improved, and the grinding efficiency is improved. And the contact area with the machining surface of the screw is increased, when the to-be-machined surface of the end of the screw has a key groove and the shape is changed, machining deformation caused by overlarge local stress can be avoided, vibration and impact generated when the to-be-machined surface of the end of the screw is ground to the key groove area are reduced, and machining stability and precision and the surface quality of the end of the screw are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of intelligent manufacturing industrial equipment technology, and in particular relates to a screw end trimming device and processing method. Background Technology

[0002] In the current booming development of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry, screw end dressing, as an indispensable and common process in the fields of machining and assembly, is undergoing profound changes and upgrades. The intelligent manufacturing equipment industry emphasizes high automation, intelligence and precision, and the core goal of screw end dressing process—optimizing the geometry, dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the screw end to meet diverse functional requirements—is highly consistent with the development concept of the intelligent manufacturing equipment industry.

[0003] Existing technologies disclose several invention patents in the field of intelligent manufacturing equipment technology. Among them, invention patent with publication number CN220516249U discloses a screw end quick trimming device, including a support plate. Screws are mounted at all four corners of the support plate, and bases are mounted at the bottom of the screws. A first motor is fixedly mounted on the right side of the support plate, and a first turntable is mounted in the middle of the first motor. A second motor is positioned above the support plate, and connecting rods are symmetrically connected between the second motor and the support plate. A second turntable is mounted on the motor shaft of the second motor, and a connecting plate is mounted on the outer periphery of the second turntable. Collars are evenly arranged inside the connecting plate, and positioning rings are fitted inside the collars. A grinding wheel is located below the connecting plate. The grinding disc has an air pump fixedly installed on its side. A positioning ring clamps the screws in batches, and rotation of the grinding disc allows for rapid batch dressing of the screw ends, improving dressing efficiency. However, this technical solution still has some shortcomings. In the grinding of the outer surface of the screw end, for keyway shafts, the geometry of the grinding area changes as the rotating grinding wheel passes through the keyway area. This causes dynamic changes in the grinding contact area and contact stress between the grinding wheel and the screw end. This change leads to fluctuations in grinding cutting stress, easily inducing grinding wheel vibration and interfering with the stability of the grinding process. Simultaneously, friction generates heat at the contact point between the grinding wheel and the screw end during grinding, causing localized thermal expansion, which adversely affects machining accuracy.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention designs a screw end trimming device and processing method to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the problem that, during the grinding of the outer surface of a screw end, for keyway shafts, the geometry of the grinding area changes as the grinding wheel advances through the keyway region, causing dynamic changes in the grinding contact area and contact stress between the grinding wheel and the screw end. This change leads to fluctuations in grinding cutting stress, easily inducing grinding wheel vibration and interfering with the stability of the grinding process. Simultaneously, frictional heat generation at the contact point between the grinding wheel and the screw end during grinding causes localized thermal expansion, which adversely affects machining accuracy. Therefore, this invention proposes a screw end dressing device and processing method.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A screw end dressing device includes a machine tool. Inside the machine tool are a chuck, a tailstock, and a tracked linear module. Guide rails are installed inside the machine tool corresponding to the chuck and tailstock. A grinding mechanism is slidably connected to the guide rails. The tracked linear module drives the grinding mechanism to slide on the guide rails. The grinding mechanism includes a cross slide slidably connected to the guide rails. A right-angle bracket is connected to the top of the cross slide. A fixing sleeve is engaged with the chuck on one side of the right-angle bracket. A sleeve is rotatably connected to the other end of the fixing sleeve. A grinding workpiece is engaged with the other end of the sleeve. Multiple grinding shafts arranged in a circular array are rotatably connected to the side end of the grinding workpiece. A grinding wheel is fitted at the other end of each grinding shaft. An external gear ring is fitted on the outer surface of the sleeve. A first gear meshes on the tooth surface of the external gear ring. A motor is installed on the top of the cross slide, and the first gear is fitted to the output end of the motor.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: The grinding component includes a first annular disk that is snapped into another end of the sleeve. The outer surface of the first annular disk has multiple feed ports arranged in a ring array. A feed seat is slidably connected to each feed port. A compensation sleeve is slidably connected to the front end face of the feed seat and is slidably connected to the feed port. A compensation seat is slidably connected to the compensation sleeve. Multiple directional grooves are formed on the end face of the compensation seat. A directional shaft is slidably connected to each of the multiple directional grooves. The other end of each of the multiple directional shafts is connected to the end face inside the compensation sleeve. A compensation spring is sleeved on each of the multiple directional shafts. The compensation seat is elastically supported and connected to the end face inside the compensation sleeve through the multiple compensation springs. The end of the grinding shaft is rotatably connected to the other end of the compensation seat.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: The rear end face of the first annular disk has an adjustment port corresponding to multiple feed seats. The same adjustment mechanism is slidably connected in the multiple adjustment ports. The adjustment mechanism includes a second annular disk rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. The front end face of the second annular disk has multiple arc-shaped openings corresponding to the multiple adjustment ports. A drive shaft is slidably connected in the multiple arc-shaped openings. The other end of the multiple drive shafts passes through the multiple adjustment ports and is respectively connected to the rear end face of the multiple feed seats.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: The inner ring surface of the second annular disk is connected to a first fixed seat. The front side of the first fixed seat is rotatably connected to a first movable head. A hydraulic cylinder is installed at the other end of the first movable head. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a second movable head. The front side of the second movable head is rotatably connected to a second fixed seat. The other end of the second fixed seat is connected to the inner ring surface of the first annular disk.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: The front end face of the sleeve is rotatably connected to a torsion mechanism, which includes an internal gear ring rotatably connected to the front end face of the sleeve. The outer ring surface of the internal gear ring is connected to multiple support legs. The internal gear ring is connected to the top of the cross slide through the multiple support legs. Transmission components are provided between the internal tooth surface of the internal gear ring and multiple grinding shafts.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: The transmission component includes a third fixed seat connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. A torsion shaft is rotatably connected to the front end face of the third fixed seat. A first toothed wheel is mounted on the torsion shaft. A second toothed wheel is mounted on the other end of the grinding shaft corresponding to the first toothed wheel. The second toothed wheel and the first toothed wheel are meshed with the same transmission toothed belt. A second gear that meshes with the internal toothed ring is mounted on the other end of the torsion shaft.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: The transmission toothed belt includes a main toothed belt that meshes with a first toothed pulley and a second toothed pulley. One end of the main toothed belt has a compensation groove, and a secondary toothed belt is slidably connected in the compensation groove. One end of the secondary toothed belt is connected to a connecting spring, and the secondary toothed belt is elastically supported and connected to the end face inside the compensation groove through the connecting spring. The other end of the secondary toothed belt is connected to the other end of the main toothed belt.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: The front end face of the internal gear ring and the rear end face of the fixed sleeve are connected to the same cleaning mechanism. The cleaning mechanism includes a first combined sleeve connected to the front end face of the internal gear ring. The front end face of the first combined sleeve is connected to a first shrink sleeve. A guide impeller is rotatably connected inside the first combined sleeve through a bearing. An air inlet pipe is connected to the outer wall of the first combined sleeve in the radial direction corresponding to the guide impeller. The other end of the air inlet pipe is connected to an exhaust pipe. A blower is installed on the side end face of the transverse slide. The other end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the output end of the blower. The cleaning mechanism also includes a second combined sleeve connected to the rear end face of the fixed sleeve. The other end of the second combined sleeve is connected to a second shrink sleeve. The outer walls of the second shrink sleeve and the first shrink sleeve are each connected to a plurality of reinforcing ribs to prevent the first shrink sleeve and the second shrink sleeve from rotating with the screw.

[0014] A method for machining the end of a screw, the method comprising the following steps: During the clamping preparation stage, the chain-link linear module is operated to make the slide plate slide along the guide rail to the tailstock. After it is in place, the screw to be processed is passed through the second shrink sleeve and the first shrink sleeve in sequence. One end is clamped inside the chuck, and the other end is oriented to the inside of the tailstock to achieve stable and precise fixation. Then, the chain-link linear module is operated again to drive the slide plate to move towards the surface to be processed at the end of the screw to prepare for processing. During the grinding wheel drive and grinding stage, the motor is started. The motor transmits torque to the sleeve through the meshing of the first gear and the external gear ring. This causes the sleeve to rotate in the opposite direction to the screw inside the fixed sleeve. The sleeve drives multiple grinding wheels to move around the end of the screw through the first annular disc. At the same time, through multiple sets of third fixed seats and torsion shafts, the second gear rolls on the internal gear ring. Through the transmission system, the grinding wheels and the end of the screw rotate in opposite directions, which improves grinding efficiency. In addition, the grinding wheels are arranged circumferentially along the end of the screw, which can clamp and limit the movement, increase the contact area, and reduce the risk of processing deformation. Thermal deformation compensation: The frictional heat generated during grinding causes thermal deformation at the end of the screw. The compensation spring pushes the compensation seat to slide, and the grinding shaft drives the grinding wheel to fit the deformed machining surface. During the process, the auxiliary tooth belt extends and the connecting spring deforms, ensuring that the grinding wheel fits tightly and rotates stably, reducing the impact of thermal deformation on machining accuracy, reducing scrap rate, and improving production efficiency. During the feed adjustment stage, when the control chain linear module drives the transverse slide to move, the hydraulic cylinder retracts synchronously. The extension end of the hydraulic cylinder pulls the first fixed seat through the first movable head, and the other end rotates around the second fixed seat, causing the second annular disk to rotate. Its arc-shaped opening pushes the transmission shaft to slide, and the transmission shaft pushes the feed seat to feed the grinding wheel to the surface to be processed. The grinding wheel spacing of this device is adjustable and controllable. With a deformable transmission toothed belt, it can be adapted to the end grinding of various types of screws. During the chip removal and cleaning stage, the operation of the blower is precisely controlled, and high-pressure airflow is injected into the air inlet pipe through the duct. The airflow is then guided by the impeller to spiral along the machining surface to the second combined sleeve, removing metal chips and discharging them from the machine tool. The first and second shrink sleeves work together to restrain the metal chips from splashing out, keeping the inside of the machine tool clean, protecting the machine tool and extending its service life.

[0015] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. In this invention, multiple grinding wheels rotate while moving around the circumference of the screw end, which effectively improves grinding efficiency. The multiple grinding wheels are arranged circumferentially along the screw end, which not only plays a clamping and limiting role, but also increases the contact area with the screw machining surface. When the screw end machining surface has a keyway or changes in shape, it can avoid excessive local stress leading to machining deformation, reduce vibration and impact when grinding to the keyway area, and improve machining stability, accuracy and screw end surface quality.

[0016] In this invention, the deviation in screw end size and shape caused by grinding heat is reduced, thereby reducing the number of scraps caused by substandard precision, improving the stability and reliability of the processing, making the production process smoother, and thus effectively improving the overall production efficiency and manufacturing efficiency.

[0017] This invention features adjustable and controllable grinding wheel spacing. By precisely adjusting the grinding wheel spacing, different processing requirements can be met. At the same time, with the addition of a deformable transmission toothed belt, the transmission parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to the size and processing requirements of different screw end models. This design enables the equipment to perform efficient and precise grinding processing on the ends of various screw models, demonstrating strong adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a screw end trimming device and processing method proposed in this invention. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the grinding mechanism in the screw end trimming device and processing method proposed in this invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the disassembled grinding mechanism in the screw end trimming device and processing method proposed in this invention; Figure 4 This invention provides a screw end trimming device and processing method. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point A; Figure 5 This invention provides a screw end trimming device and processing method. Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 6This is a schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism in the screw end trimming device and processing method proposed in this invention, taken from another perspective after disassembly. Figure 7 This invention provides a screw end trimming device and processing method. Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the guide impeller in the screw end trimming device and processing method proposed in this invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission toothed belt in the screw end trimming device and processing method proposed in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the adjusting mechanism in the screw end trimming device and processing method proposed in this invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the torsion mechanism in the screw end trimming device and processing method proposed in this invention; Figure 12 This invention provides a screw end trimming device and processing method. Figure 11 Enlarged structural diagram at point D.

[0019] Legend: 1. Machine tool; 2. Chuck; 3. Tailstock; 4. Guide rail; 5. Tracked linear module; 6. Grinding mechanism; 601. Cross slide; 602. Right-angle frame; 603. Grinding workpiece; 6031. First annular disc; 6032. Feed port; 6033. Feed seat; 6034. Compensating sleeve; 6035. Compensating seat; 6036. Orientation groove; 6037. Compensating spring; 6038. Orientation shaft; 604. Grinding shaft; 605. Grinding wheel; 606. Sleeve; 607. External gear ring; 608. First gear; 609. Motor; 6010. Fixed sleeve; 7. Adjustment port; 8. Adjustment mechanism; 801. Second annular disc; 802. Arc-shaped opening; 803. Drive shaft; 804. First fixed seat; 805. First movable head; 806. Hydraulic cylinder; 807, second fixed seat; 808, second movable head; 9, torsion mechanism; 901, internal gear ring; 902, transmission component; 9021, third fixed seat; 9022, torsion shaft; 9023, first toothed wheel; 9024, transmission toothed belt; 90241, main toothed belt; 90242, compensation groove; 90243, auxiliary toothed belt; 90244, connecting spring; 9025, second toothed wheel; 9026, second gear; 903, support leg; 10, cleaning mechanism; 1001, first combined sleeve; 1002, first contraction sleeve; 1003, guide impeller; 1004, air inlet pipe; 1005, exhaust pipe; 1006, blower; 1007, second combined sleeve; 1008, second contraction sleeve; 1009, reinforcing rib. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please see the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 12 This invention provides a technical solution: a screw end trimming device, including a machine tool 1. Inside the machine tool 1, a chuck 2, a tailstock 3, and a track-type linear module 5 are respectively installed. Inside the machine tool 1, guide rails 4 are installed corresponding to the chuck 2 and tailstock 3. A grinding mechanism 6 is slidably connected to the guide rails 4. The track-type linear module 5 drives the grinding mechanism 6 to slide on the guide rails 4. The grinding mechanism 6 includes a cross slide 601 slidably connected to the guide rails 4. A right-angle bracket 602 is connected to the top of the cross slide 601. The side end of the right-angle bracket 602 is engaged with the chuck 2. A fixed sleeve 6010 is rotatably connected to another end of the fixed sleeve 6010. A grinding part 603 is snapped into another end of the sleeve 606. A plurality of grinding shafts 604 arranged in a ring array are rotatably connected to the side end face of the grinding part 603. A grinding wheel 605 is fitted on the other end of each of the plurality of grinding shafts 604. An external gear ring 607 is fitted on the outer surface of the sleeve 606. A first gear 608 is meshed on the tooth surface of the external gear ring 607. A motor 609 is installed on the top of the transverse slide 601. The first gear 608 is fitted on the output end of the motor 609.

[0022] Specifically, the grinding part 603 includes a first annular disk 6031 that is snapped into another end of the sleeve 606. The outer surface of the first annular disk 6031 has a plurality of feed ports 6032 arranged in a ring array. A feed seat 6033 is slidably connected within each feed port 6032. A compensation sleeve 6034, slidably connected within the feed port 6032, is connected to the front end face of the feed seat 6033. A compensation seat 6035 is slidably connected within the compensation sleeve 6034. The end of the compensation seat 6035... The surface has multiple directional grooves 6036, and each directional groove 6036 has a directional shaft 6038 slidably connected to it. The other end of each directional shaft 6038 is connected to the end face inside the compensation sleeve 6034. Each directional shaft 6038 is fitted with a compensation spring 6037. The compensation seat 6035 is elastically supported and connected to the end face inside the compensation sleeve 6034 through the multiple compensation springs 6037. The end of the grinding shaft 604 is rotatably connected to the other end of the compensation seat 6035.

[0023] The specific implementation method is as follows: During the grinding process of the screw end by multiple grinding wheels 605, the screw end is prone to deformation in the axial direction due to frictional heat. At this time, under the push of the reset spring force of multiple compensation springs 6037, the compensation seat 6035 slides in the compensation sleeve 6034. The compensation seat 6035 drives the grinding wheel 605 to fit against the machining surface of the screw end through the grinding shaft 604. Since the grinding shaft 604 drives the grinding wheel 605 to move towards the machining surface of the screw end, the distance between the second toothed wheel 9025 and the first toothed wheel 9023 increases. The auxiliary toothed belt 90243 will extend in the compensation groove 90242 and pull the connecting spring 90244 to undergo elastic deformation, thereby ensuring that the grinding wheel 605 always fits against the machining surface and maintains its rotation state, thereby reducing the impact of thermal deformation on the machining accuracy of the screw end. In order to reduce the thermal deformation caused by grinding, the scrap rate caused by accuracy problems is reduced, thereby effectively improving production efficiency and manufacturing efficiency.

[0024] Specifically, the rear end face of the first annular disk 6031 is provided with adjustment ports 7 corresponding to multiple feed seats 6033. The same adjustment mechanism 8 is slidably connected in the multiple adjustment ports 7. The adjustment mechanism 8 includes a second annular disk 801 rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 606. The front end face of the second annular disk 801 is provided with multiple arc-shaped openings 802 corresponding to the multiple adjustment ports 7. The drive shafts 803 are slidably connected in the multiple arc-shaped openings 802. The other ends of the multiple drive shafts 803 pass through the multiple adjustment ports 7 and are respectively connected to the rear end face of the multiple feed seats 6033. The inner annular surface of the second annular disk 801 is connected to a first fixed seat 804. The front side of the first fixed seat 804 is rotatably connected to a first movable head 805. The other end of the first movable head 805 is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder 806. The other end of the hydraulic cylinder 806 is connected to a second movable head 808. The front side of the second movable head 808 is rotatably connected to a second fixed seat 807. The other end of the second fixed seat 807 is connected to the inner annular surface of the first annular disk 6031.

[0025] The specific implementation method is as follows: During the process of controlling the tracked linear module 5 to drive the transverse slide 601 to move towards the surface to be processed, the hydraulic cylinder 806 is controlled to retract. At the extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 806, a pulling force is generated on the first fixed seat 804 through the first movable head 805, and the other end rotates around the second fixed seat 807 through the second movable head 808. Under the drive of the pulling force, the second annular disk 801 rotates. The second annular disk 801 interacts with multiple drive shafts 803 through multiple arc-shaped openings 802. The second annular disc 801 generates a thrust on the drive shaft 803 through the arc-shaped opening 802. Under the action of the thrust, the drive shaft 803 slides in the adjustment port 7 and pushes the feed seat 6033 to feed towards the machining surface of the screw end in the feed port 6032 until multiple grinding wheels 605 are tightly attached to the machining surface of the screw end. The spacing between the multiple grinding wheels 605 is adjustable and controllable. With the help of the deformable transmission toothed belt 9024, it can perform grinding on the ends of various types of screws, with strong adaptability.

[0026] Specifically, a torsion mechanism 9 is rotatably connected to the front end face of the sleeve 606. The torsion mechanism 9 includes an internal gear ring 901 rotatably connected to the front end face of the sleeve 606. Multiple support legs 903 are connected to the outer ring surface of the internal gear ring 901. The internal gear ring 901 is connected to the top of the cross slide 601 via the multiple support legs 903. A transmission component 902 is provided between the internal gear surface of the internal gear ring 901 and multiple grinding shafts 604. The transmission component 902 includes a third fixed seat 9021 connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 606. A torsion shaft 9022 is rotatably connected to the front end face of the third fixed seat 9021. A first toothed surface wheel 9023 is fitted on the torsion shaft 9022. A second toothed surface wheel 9025 is fitted on the other end of the grinding shaft 604 corresponding to the first toothed surface wheel 9023. The toothed gear 9025 and the first toothed gear 9023 are meshed with the same transmission toothed belt 9024. The other end of the torsion shaft 9022 is fitted with a second gear 9026 that meshes with the internal toothed ring 901. The transmission toothed belt 9024 includes a main toothed belt 90241 that meshes with the first toothed gear 9023 and the second toothed gear 9025. One end of the main toothed belt 90241 is provided with a compensation groove 90242. A secondary toothed belt 90243 is slidably connected in the compensation groove 90242. One end of the secondary toothed belt 90243 is connected with a connecting spring 90244. The secondary toothed belt 90243 is elastically supported and connected to the end face inside the compensation groove 90242 through the connecting spring 90244. The other end of the secondary toothed belt 90243 is connected to the other end of the main toothed belt 90241.

[0027] The specific implementation method is as follows: The motor 609 is controlled to operate. The output end of the motor 609 transmits torque to the sleeve 606 via a combination of the first gear 608 and the external gear ring 607. Driven by the torque, the sleeve 606 rotates rapidly within the fixed sleeve 6010, and the direction of rotation is opposite to the direction of rotation of the screw to be processed. The sleeve 606 drives multiple grinding wheels 605 to perform circumferential motion around the end of the screw to be processed via the first annular disc 6031. Simultaneously, the inner wall of the sleeve 606 also drives multiple second gears 9026 to roll on the tooth surface of the internal gear ring 901 via a combination of multiple sets of third fixed seats 9021 and torsion shaft 9022. Under the combined action of the multiple second gears 9026 and the internal gear ring 901, the torsion shaft 9022 rotates. The torsion shaft 9022 uses a transmission system composed of the first toothed wheel 9023, the transmission belt 9024, and the second toothed wheel 9025 to transmit torque. A force is applied to the grinding shaft 604, which drives the grinding wheel 605 to rotate. The rotation direction of the grinding wheel 605 is opposite to the rotation direction of the end of the screw to be processed. Multiple grinding wheels 605 rotate on their own axis while making circumferential motion around the end of the screw to be processed, which helps to improve the grinding efficiency of the end of the screw to be processed. Since multiple grinding wheels 605 are arranged circumferentially along the end of the screw to be processed, multiple grinding wheels 605 play a certain clamping and limiting role on the end of the screw to be processed, and increase the contact area between the grinding wheel 605 and the screw processing surface during the grinding process. Therefore, when there is a keyway on the surface to be processed at the end of the screw, that is, when the shape of the surface to be processed at the end of the screw changes, it avoids excessive local stress that may cause deformation during the processing, reduces the vibration and impact force between the grinding wheel 605 and the end of the screw when grinding to the keyway area, improves the stability of the processing process, and improves the processing accuracy and the surface quality of the screw end.

[0028] Specifically, the front end face of the internal gear ring 901 and the rear end face of the fixed sleeve 6010 are connected to the same cleaning mechanism 10. The cleaning mechanism 10 includes a first combined sleeve 1001 connected to the front end face of the internal gear ring 901. The front end face of the first combined sleeve 1001 is connected to a first shrink sleeve 1002. The guide impeller 1003 is rotatably connected inside the first combined sleeve 1001 through a bearing. The outer wall of the first combined sleeve 1001 is connected to an air inlet pipe 1004 in the radial direction corresponding to the guide impeller 1003. The other end of the air inlet pipe 1004 is connected to an exhaust pipe 1005. A blower 1006 is installed on the side end face of the transverse slide 601. The other end of the exhaust pipe 1005 is connected to the output end of the blower 1006. The cleaning mechanism 10 also includes a second combined sleeve 1007 connected to the rear end face of the fixed sleeve 6010. The other end of the second combined sleeve 1007 is connected to a second shrink sleeve 1008. The outer walls of the second shrink sleeve 1008 and the first shrink sleeve 1002 are connected to a plurality of reinforcing ribs 1009 to prevent the first shrink sleeve 1002 and the second shrink sleeve 1008 from rotating with the screw.

[0029] The specific implementation method is as follows: During the grinding process of the screw end, the blower 1006 is controlled to run. The blower 1006 injects high-pressure airflow into the air inlet pipe 1004 through the air duct 1005. The high-pressure airflow enters the first combined sleeve 1001 in the radial direction and directly acts on the guide impeller 1003. Under the action of the guide impeller 1003, the high-pressure airflow rotates along the machining surface of the screw end and flows towards the second combined sleeve 1007, thereby quickly removing the metal chips generated by the grinding wheel 605 and the machining surface, reducing the damage caused by the metal chips to the grinding wheel 605 and the machining surface to a certain extent. The high-pressure airflow and metal chips flowing into the second combined sleeve 1007 are quickly discharged. Under the combined action of the first shrink sleeve 1002 and the second shrink sleeve 1008, the metal chips generated by grinding can be splashed out to a high extent, thereby keeping the inside of the machine tool 1 clean and playing a certain protective role for the machine tool 1.

[0030] A method for machining the end of a screw, the method comprising the following steps: During the clamping preparation stage, the linear module 5 is operated to make the slide plate 601 slide along the guide rail 4 toward the tailstock 3. After it is in place, the screw to be processed is passed through the second shrink sleeve 1008 and the first shrink sleeve 1002 in sequence. One end is clamped inside the chuck 2 and the other end is oriented to the inside of the tailstock 3 to achieve stable and precise fixation. Then, the linear module 5 is operated again to drive the slide plate 601 to move toward the surface to be processed at the end of the screw to prepare for processing. During the grinding stage of the grinding wheel 605 drive, the motor 609 is started. The motor 609 transmits torque to the sleeve 606 through the meshing of the first gear 608 and the external gear ring 607. This causes the sleeve 606 to rotate in the opposite direction to the screw within the fixed sleeve 6010. The sleeve 606 drives multiple grinding wheels 605 to move circumferentially around the end of the screw via the first annular disc 6031. At the same time, through the combination of multiple sets of third fixed seats 9021 and torsion shaft 9022, the second gear 9026 rolls on the internal gear ring 901. Through the transmission system, the grinding wheels 605 rotate in the opposite direction to the end of the screw, improving grinding efficiency. Furthermore, the grinding wheels 605 are arranged circumferentially along the end of the screw, which can clamp and limit movement, increase the contact area, and reduce the risk of machining deformation. Thermal deformation compensation: The frictional heat generated during grinding causes thermal deformation at the end of the screw. The compensation spring 6037 pushes the compensation seat 6035 to slide, which drives the grinding wheel 605 to fit against the deformed machining surface via the grinding shaft 604. During the process, the auxiliary tooth belt 90243 extends and the connecting spring 90244 deforms, ensuring that the grinding wheel 605 fits tightly and rotates stably, reducing the impact of thermal deformation on machining accuracy, reducing scrap rate and improving production efficiency. During the feed adjustment stage, when the control chain linear module 5 drives the transverse slide 601 to move, the hydraulic cylinder 806 retracts synchronously. The extension end of the hydraulic cylinder 806 pulls the first fixed seat 804 through the first movable head 805, and the other end rotates around the second fixed seat 807, causing the second annular disk 801 to rotate. Its arc-shaped opening 802 pushes the transmission shaft 803 to slide. The transmission shaft 803 pushes the feed seat 6033 to drive the grinding wheel 605 to feed to the surface to be processed. The spacing of the grinding wheel 605 in this device is adjustable and controllable. With the deformable transmission toothed belt 9024, it can be adapted to the grinding of the end of various types of screws. During the chip removal and cleaning stage, the operation of the blower 1006 is precisely controlled, and high-pressure airflow is injected into the air inlet pipe 1004 through the air duct 1005. The airflow is then spiraled along the machining surface to the second combined sleeve 1007 by the guide impeller 1003, removing metal chips and discharging them from the machine tool 1. The first shrink sleeve 1002 and the second shrink sleeve 1008 work together to restrain the metal chips from splashing out, keeping the inside of the machine tool 1 clean, protecting the machine tool 1 and extending its service life.

[0031] Working principle and usage: By controlling the tracked linear module 5, the horizontal slide 601 is driven to slide smoothly along the guide rail 4 toward the tailstock 3. After the horizontal slide 601 moves into place, the end of the screw to be processed is passed through the second shrink sleeve 1008 and the first shrink sleeve 1002 in sequence. Then, one end of the screw to be processed is precisely clamped and firmly connected to the inside of the chuck 2, while the other end is oriented and connected to the inside of the tailstock 3 to ensure that the screw to be processed is stably and accurately oriented and fixed. After completing the above fixing operation, the tracked linear module 5 is controlled again to drive the horizontal slide 601 to move toward the surface to be processed at the end of the screw, in preparation for subsequent processing. The control motor 609 starts running, and its output end transmits torque to the sleeve 606 through the meshing transmission of the first gear 608 and the external gear ring 607. Under the drive of torque, the sleeve 606 rotates rapidly within the fixed sleeve 6010, and the direction of rotation is opposite to that of the screw to be processed. The sleeve 606 drives multiple grinding wheels 605 to make circumferential motion around the end of the screw to be processed through the first annular disc 6031. At the same time, the inner sidewall of the sleeve 606, through the combination of multiple sets of third fixed seats 9021 and torsion shaft 9022, causes multiple second gears 9026 to roll on the tooth surface of the internal gear ring 901. Under the combined action of the two, the torsion shaft 9022 rotates, and the torsion shaft 9022 is transmitted through the first toothed wheel. The transmission system, consisting of 9023, transmission belt 9024, and second toothed wheel 9025, transmits torque to the grinding shaft 604, driving the grinding wheel 605 to rotate. The grinding wheel 605 rotates in the opposite direction to the screw end. Thus, multiple grinding wheels 605 rotate on their own axis while moving around the screw end, effectively improving grinding efficiency. The multiple grinding wheels 605 are arranged circumferentially along the screw end, which not only serves as a clamping and limiting function but also increases the contact area with the screw machining surface. When the screw end machining surface has a keyway or changes in shape, it can avoid excessive local stress leading to machining deformation, reduce vibration and impact when grinding to the keyway area, and improve machining stability, accuracy, and screw end surface quality. During the grinding process of the screw end by multiple grinding wheels 605, a large amount of frictional heat is generated due to the intense friction between the grinding wheels 605 and the screw end. This frictional heat easily causes the screw end material to expand due to heat, resulting in thermal deformation along the axial direction, which seriously affects the machining accuracy of the screw end. To effectively address this problem, a special compensation mechanism is set up. When thermal deformation occurs at the screw end, multiple compensation springs 6037, under the action of their own restoring elastic force, push the compensation seat 6035 to slide smoothly within the compensation sleeve 6034. The compensation seat 6035, through the grinding shaft 604 connected to it, drives the grinding wheel 605 to closely fit the machined surface of the screw end that has been deformed. During this process, as the grinding shaft 604 drives the grinding wheel 605 to move towards the machined surface of the screw end, the second tooth... As the distance between the face wheel 9025 and the first tooth face wheel 9023 gradually increases, the auxiliary tooth belt 90243 extends within the compensation groove 90242, simultaneously pulling the connecting spring 90244 to undergo elastic deformation. This ingenious mechanical linkage design ensures that the grinding wheel 605 remains in close contact with the machining surface throughout the grinding process and maintains a stable rotation state. Through the effective operation of the above compensation mechanism, the adverse effects of thermal deformation on the machining accuracy of the screw end are significantly reduced. On the one hand, it reduces the dimensional and shape deviations of the screw end caused by grinding heat, thereby reducing the number of scraps caused by substandard accuracy. On the other hand, it improves the stability and reliability of the machining process, making the production process smoother, and thus effectively improving the overall production efficiency and manufacturing efficiency. In the operation process of controlling the tracked linear module 5 to drive the transverse slide 601 toward the surface to be processed, the hydraulic cylinder 806 is simultaneously retracted. The telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 806 is connected to the first fixed seat 804 via the first movable head 805. When the hydraulic cylinder 806 retracts, the telescopic end applies a pulling force to the first fixed seat 804 through the first movable head 805. At the same time, the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 806 rotates around the second fixed seat 807 via the second movable head 808. Under the transmission of this pulling force, the second annular disk 801 begins to rotate. The second annular disk 801 is provided with multiple arc-shaped openings 802. These arc-shaped openings 802 cooperate with multiple transmission shafts 803 to form a relative motion relationship. The rotating second annular disk 801 passes through... The arc-shaped opening 802 generates a thrust on the drive shaft 803. Under the continuous action of the thrust, the drive shaft 803 slides within the adjustment port 7. The sliding of the drive shaft 803 further pushes the feed seat 6033 to feed towards the machining surface of the screw end within the feed port 6032 until multiple grinding wheels 605 are tightly attached to the machining surface of the screw end. This device has the characteristic of adjustable and controllable grinding wheel 605 spacing. By precisely adjusting the grinding wheel 605 spacing, different machining requirements can be met. At the same time, with the deformable transmission toothed belt 9024, the transmission parameters can be flexibly adjusted according to the size and machining requirements of different screw end models. This design enables the equipment to perform efficient and precise grinding machining on the ends of various screw models, demonstrating strong adaptability. During the screw end grinding process, the blower 1006 is precisely controlled to start and operate stably. The blower 1006 continuously injects high-pressure airflow into the inlet pipe 1004 via the duct 1005. This high-pressure airflow precisely enters the first assembly sleeve 1001 radially and directly acts on the pre-designed and installed guide impeller 1003. Under the impact of the high-pressure airflow, the guide impeller 1003 cleverly transforms the linear motion of the airflow into rotational motion along the machining surface of the screw end, causing the high-pressure airflow to flow spirally towards the second assembly sleeve 1007 along the machining surface. This rotating high-pressure airflow possesses strong impact force and carrying capacity, quickly and effectively removing metal debris generated during the grinding process between the grinding wheel 605 and the machining surface. This reduces the accumulation of metal debris in the machining area from the source, and to a certain extent avoids the accumulation of metal debris. Wear on the grinding wheel 605 reduces the problem of decreased surface quality caused by uneven wear of the grinding wheel 605, and also reduces secondary scratches on the surface by metal chips, ensuring the machining accuracy and surface quality of the screw end. The high-pressure airflow flowing into the second combination sleeve 1007 carries metal chips and is quickly discharged from the outside of the machine tool 1 through a specific chip removal channel. In addition, the first shrink sleeve 1002 and the second shrink sleeve 1008 are carefully designed and reasonably arranged. They cooperate with each other to form a relatively closed and guiding area. In this area, the metal chips generated during the grinding process can be effectively constrained and prevented from splashing out, maintaining the clean environment inside the machine tool 1 to the greatest extent, reducing the contamination and wear of the internal parts of the machine tool 1 by metal chips, playing a good protective role for the machine tool 1, and extending the service life of the machine tool 1.

[0032] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A screw end trimming device, comprising a machine tool (1), wherein a chuck (2), a tailstock (3), and a tracked linear module (5) are respectively installed inside the machine tool (1), characterized in that, Inside the machine tool (1), a guide rail (4) is installed corresponding to the chuck (2) and the tailstock (3). A grinding mechanism (6) is slidably connected on the guide rail (4). A chain-type linear module (5) is used to drive the grinding mechanism (6) to slide on the guide rail (4). The grinding mechanism (6) includes a horizontal slide (601) slidably connected to a guide rail (4). A right-angle bracket (602) is connected to the top of the horizontal slide (601). A fixed sleeve (6010) is engaged with the side end of the right-angle bracket (602) corresponding to the chuck (2). A sleeve (606) is rotatably connected to the other end of the fixed sleeve (6010). A grinding part (603) is engaged with the other end of the sleeve (606). 3) The side end face is rotatably connected to a plurality of grinding shafts (604) arranged in a ring array, and the other end of the plurality of grinding shafts (604) is fitted with a grinding wheel (605); the outer surface of the sleeve (606) is fitted with an external gear ring (607), and a first gear (608) meshes on the tooth surface of the external gear ring (607); a motor (609) is installed on the top of the transverse slide (601), and the first gear (608) is fitted on the output end of the motor (609).

2. The screw end trimming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grinding part (603) includes a first annular disk (6031) snapped into another port of the sleeve (606). The outer surface of the first annular disk (6031) has a plurality of feed ports (6032) arranged in a ring array. A feed seat (6033) is slidably connected within each feed port (6032). A compensation sleeve (6034) slidably connected within the feed port (6032) is connected to the front end face of the feed seat (6033). A compensation seat (6035) is slidably connected within the compensation sleeve (6034). The end face of the grinding shaft (604) is provided with multiple directional grooves (6036), and directional shafts (6038) are slidably connected in each of the multiple directional grooves (6036). The other end of each of the multiple directional shafts (6038) is connected to the end face of the inner side of the compensation sleeve (6034). Each of the multiple directional shafts (6038) is fitted with a compensation spring (6037). The compensation seat (6035) is elastically supported and connected to the end face of the inner side of the compensation sleeve (6034) through the multiple compensation springs (6037). The end of the grinding shaft (604) is rotatably connected to the other end of the compensation seat (6035).

3. The screw end trimming device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rear end face of the first annular disk (6031) is provided with adjustment ports (7) corresponding to multiple feed seats (6033). The same adjustment mechanism (8) is slidably connected in the multiple adjustment ports (7). The adjustment mechanism (8) includes a second annular disk (801) rotatably connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (606). The front end face of the second annular disk (801) is provided with multiple arc-shaped openings (802) corresponding to the multiple adjustment ports (7). A drive shaft (803) is slidably connected in the multiple arc-shaped openings (802). The other end of the multiple drive shafts (803) passes through the multiple adjustment ports (7) and is respectively connected to the rear end face of the multiple feed seats (6033).

4. The screw end trimming device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inner ring surface of the second annular disk (801) is connected to a first fixed seat (804). The front side of the first fixed seat (804) is rotatably connected to a first movable head (805). The other end of the first movable head (805) is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder (806). The other end of the hydraulic cylinder (806) is connected to a second movable head (808). The front side of the second movable head (808) is rotatably connected to a second fixed seat (807). The other end of the second fixed seat (807) is connected to the inner ring surface of the first annular disk (6031).

5. The screw end trimming device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front end face of the sleeve (606) is rotatably connected to a torsion mechanism (9). The torsion mechanism (9) includes an internal gear ring (901) rotatably connected to the front end face of the sleeve (606). The outer ring surface of the internal gear ring (901) is connected to multiple support legs (903). The internal gear ring (901) is connected to the top of the cross slide (601) through multiple support legs (903). A transmission component (902) is provided between the internal tooth surface of the internal gear ring (901) and multiple grinding shafts (604).

6. The screw end trimming device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The transmission component (902) includes a third fixed seat (9021) connected to the inner wall of the sleeve (606). The front end face of the third fixed seat (9021) is rotatably connected to a torsion shaft (9022). A first toothed wheel (9023) is fitted on the torsion shaft (9022). A second toothed wheel (9025) is fitted on the other end of the grinding shaft (604) corresponding to the first toothed wheel (9023). The second toothed wheel (9025) and the first toothed wheel (9023) are meshed with the same transmission toothed belt (9024). A second gear (9026) that meshes with the internal toothed ring (901) is fitted on the other end of the torsion shaft (9022).

7. A screw end trimming device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission toothed belt (9024) includes a main toothed belt (90241) that meshes with a first toothed wheel (9023) and a second toothed wheel (9025). One end of the main toothed belt (90241) is provided with a compensation groove (90242). A secondary toothed belt (90243) is slidably connected in the compensation groove (90242). One end of the secondary toothed belt (90243) is connected to a connecting spring (90244). The secondary toothed belt (90243) is elastically supported and connected to the end face inside the compensation groove (90242) through the connecting spring (90244). The other end of the secondary toothed belt (90243) is connected to the other end of the main toothed belt (90241).

8. A screw end trimming device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The front end face of the internal gear ring (901) and the rear end face of the fixed sleeve (6010) are connected to the same cleaning mechanism (10). The cleaning mechanism (10) includes a first combined sleeve (1001) connected to the front end face of the internal gear ring (901). The front end face of the first combined sleeve (1001) is connected to a first shrink sleeve (1002). The first combined sleeve (1001) is rotatably connected to a guide impeller (1003) through a bearing. The outer wall of the first combined sleeve (1001) is connected to an air inlet pipe (1004) in the radial direction corresponding to the guide impeller (1003). The other end of the air inlet pipe (1004) is connected to an exhaust pipe (1005). A blower (1006) is installed on the side end face of the transverse slide (601). The other end of the exhaust pipe (1005) is connected to the output end of the blower (1006). The cleaning mechanism (10) further includes a second combined sleeve (1007) connected to the rear end face of the fixed sleeve (6010). The other end of the second combined sleeve (1007) is connected to a second shrink sleeve (1008). The outer walls of the second shrink sleeve (1008) and the first shrink sleeve (1002) are each connected to a plurality of reinforcing ribs (1009) to prevent the first shrink sleeve (1002) and the second shrink sleeve (1008) from rotating with the screw.

9. A method for processing the end of a screw, comprising the screw end trimming device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The processing method includes the following steps: During the clamping preparation stage, the chain-link linear module (5) is operated to make the slide plate (601) slide along the guide rail (4) to the tailstock (3). After it is in place, the screw to be processed is passed through the second shrink sleeve (1008) and the first shrink sleeve (1002) in sequence. One end is clamped inside the chuck (2), and the other end is oriented to the inside of the tailstock (3) to achieve stable and precise fixation. Then, the chain-link linear module (5) is operated again to drive the slide plate (601) to move towards the surface to be processed at the end of the screw to prepare for processing. During the grinding wheel (605) drive and grinding stage, the motor (609) is started. The motor (609) transmits torque to the sleeve (606) through the meshing of the first gear (608) and the external gear ring (607), causing the sleeve (606) to rotate in the opposite direction to the screw in the fixed sleeve (6010). The sleeve (606) drives multiple grinding wheels (605) to move around the end of the screw through the first annular disc (6031). At the same time, through the combination of multiple sets of third fixed seats (9021) and torsion shaft (9022), the second gear (9026) rolls on the internal gear ring (901), and drives the grinding wheel (605) to rotate in the opposite direction to the end of the screw through the transmission system, thereby improving grinding efficiency. In addition, the grinding wheel (605) is arranged circumferentially along the end of the screw, which can clamp and limit, increase the contact area, and reduce the risk of processing deformation. Thermal deformation compensation: The frictional heat generated during grinding causes thermal deformation at the end of the screw. The compensation spring (6037) pushes the compensation seat (6035) to slide, and the grinding wheel (605) is driven by the grinding shaft (604) to fit against the deformed machining surface. During the process, the auxiliary tooth belt (90243) extends and the connecting spring (90244) deforms, ensuring that the grinding wheel (605) fits tightly and rotates stably, reducing the impact of thermal deformation on machining accuracy, reducing scrap rate, and improving production efficiency. During the feed adjustment stage, when the control chain linear module (5) drives the transverse slide (601) to move, the hydraulic cylinder (806) retracts synchronously. The extension end of the hydraulic cylinder (806) pulls the first fixed seat (804) through the first movable head (805), and the other end rotates around the second fixed seat (807), causing the second annular disk (801) to rotate. Its arc-shaped opening (802) pushes the transmission shaft (803) to slide. The transmission shaft (803) pushes the feed seat (6033) to drive the grinding wheel (605) to feed to the contact processing surface. The spacing of the grinding wheel (605) in this device is adjustable and controllable. With the deformable transmission toothed belt (9024), it can be adapted to the end grinding processing of various types of screws. During the chip removal and cleaning stage, the operation of the blower (1006) is precisely controlled, and high-pressure airflow is injected into the air inlet pipe (1004) through the air duct (1005). The airflow is then spiraled along the machining surface to the second combined sleeve (1007) by the guide impeller (1003), removing metal chips and discharging them from the machine tool (1). The first shrink sleeve (1002) and the second shrink sleeve (1008) work together to constrain the metal chips from splashing out, keeping the inside of the machine tool (1) clean, protecting the machine tool (1) and extending its service life.

Images