Prefabricated box girder hydraulic internal mold capable of being automatically opened and closed

Abstract

The automatic opening and closing prefabricated box girder hydraulic internal mold comprises a V-shaped upper right mold plate, a V-shaped lower right mold plate, a V-shaped upper left mold plate and a V-shaped lower left mold plate, the upper right mold plate, the lower right mold plate, the upper left mold plate and the lower left mold plate are correspondingly provided with an upper right hinged support, a lower right hinged support, an upper left hinged support and a lower left hinged support respectively, and the lower left mold plate is provided with a long hole; an adapter is arranged in the long hole and is connected with the left upper template through a pull rod; an adjusting hole is formed in the right lower template, a hinge seat is arranged in the adjusting hole, and the hinge seat is connected with the right upper template through a pull rod; the upper left hinged support and the lower left hinged support are connected through a first hydraulic cylinder, and the upper right hinged support and the lower right hinged support are connected through a second hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinder drives the formwork to open and close, constructors are completely prevented from entering the box girder to conduct high-risk manual formwork removal operation, potential safety hazards are fundamentally eliminated, hydraulic drive opening and closing are rapid and stable, formwork removal and erecting time is greatly shortened, and construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of bridge construction equipment technology, and in particular to an automatic opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for forming precast concrete box girders. Background Technology

[0002] In bridge engineering, precast concrete box girders are widely used due to their advantages such as controllable quality and rapid construction. These box girders have a complex internal cavity structure, and their forming depends on a pre-installed internal mold system.

[0003] Currently, there are two main technical solutions for the construction and dismantling of this type of internal mold, but both have significant drawbacks.

[0004] One method is the traditional modular internal formwork. After the concrete is poured and reaches its initial setting strength, construction workers must be dispatched into the narrow, enclosed space inside the box girder to perform arduous manual formwork removal. This method has three major problems: workers face the risk of formwork or tools falling off or even the structure collapsing while working inside, seriously threatening their lives; manual disassembly and removal of each piece is labor-intensive and time-consuming, becoming a key bottleneck restricting the production progress of precast beams; if reuse is required later, the reassembled formwork is prone to misalignment, resulting in loose joints and affecting the forming quality of the inner wall of the box girder.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical issues and improve efficiency, an improved hydraulic internal mold was invented, employing a technique of "hydraulic-driven template rotation and contraction, segmented overall demolding." While this method reduces manual labor to some extent, it does not achieve complete automation. Its core drawback lies in the fact that workers still need to enter the internal mold multiple times before or after demolding to perform subsequent operations such as repeatedly removing connecting bolts. Because personnel still need to enter, safety hazards are not eliminated. The repetitive bolt removal and installation work is also inefficient, and there are still quality risks of misalignment and loose joints during reassembly.

[0006] In summary, neither the traditional modular internal mold nor the existing improved hydraulic internal mold can achieve full automation of the process from mold support to demolding, nor can it completely free personnel from the dangerous and inefficient internal environment of the box girder. At the same time, it also has shortcomings in ensuring molding quality and adapting to different cross-sectional dimensions.

[0007] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a new type of hydraulic inner mold for box girders that can achieve truly automated opening and closing, requires no personnel to enter the box throughout the entire process, is safe and efficient, and can adapt to a certain range of cross-sectional size changes. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide an automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders, so as to solve the technical problems of operation hazards, low efficiency and difficulty in adapting to various cross-sectional sizes caused by relying on manual demolding in the prior art.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, an automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders is provided, comprising a V-shaped upper right template, a lower right template, an upper left template, and a lower left template. The upper right template, lower right template, upper left template, and lower left template are respectively equipped with an upper right hinge seat, a lower right hinge seat, an upper left hinge seat, and a lower left hinge seat. The lower left template has an elongated hole, in which a transition seat is installed. The transition seat is connected to the upper left template via a pull rod. The lower right template has an adjustment hole, in which a hinge seat is installed. The hinge seat is connected to the upper right template via a pull rod. The upper left hinge seat and the lower left hinge seat are connected via a first hydraulic cylinder, and the upper right hinge seat and the lower right hinge seat are connected via a second hydraulic cylinder. A third hydraulic cylinder connects the lower left hinge seat to the hinge seat.

[0010] Based on the above scheme, preferably, the upper right hinge seat is located at the turning point of the upper right template, and the lower left hinge seat is located at the turning point of the upper left template.

[0011] Based on the above scheme, the adjacent side end faces of the upper right template, lower right template, upper left template and lower left template are preferably set as wedge-shaped contact surfaces.

[0012] Preferably, based on the above scheme, the cross-section of the hinge seat and the adapter seat is triangular, and the hinge seat and the adapter seat are respectively provided with two mounting holes, and the connecting rod and the pull rod are hinged in the mounting holes.

[0013] Based on the above scheme, preferably, when the adapter is closest to the lower left hinge and the hinge is closest to the lower right hinge, the hydraulic inner mold of the precast box girder is in the minimum cross-section state.

[0014] Based on the above scheme, preferably, both the upper right template and the lower right template include two side panels and a surrounding panel. The side panels have a V-shaped cross-section, the two side panels are spaced apart, and the surrounding panel surrounds the two adjacent side panels.

[0015] Based on the above scheme, preferably, the side plate of the upper right template includes a top plate and an inclined plate. One side of the top plate extends outward to form an installation edge, and a connecting hole is provided on the installation edge. The inclined plate is set at an acute angle with the top plate. The side plate of the lower right template includes a lower right vertical plate and a lower right bottom plate. The adjustment hole is provided on the lower right vertical plate. The free end of the lower right vertical plate is provided with an inclined guide surface that matches the outer circular surface of the inclined plate of the upper right template. The free end of the lower right bottom plate of the lower right template is provided with an inclined guide surface that matches the free end of the lower left template. One side of the free end of the lower right bottom plate of the lower right template extends inward to form a connecting edge.

[0016] Based on the above scheme, a preferred embodiment is provided where a reinforcing beam is provided between the two side plates spaced apart, and the reinforcing beam is a channel steel.

[0017] Compared with existing designs, the automatic opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders provided by this invention has the following advantages: High degree of automation and safety: The opening and closing of the template is driven by hydraulic cylinders, which completely avoids the construction personnel from entering the box girder to carry out high-risk manual demolding operations, thus fundamentally eliminating safety hazards.

[0018] Significantly improved work efficiency: The hydraulic drive allows for rapid and smooth opening and closing, greatly reducing the time required for formwork removal and erection, and improving construction efficiency.

[0019] High adaptability: Through the sliding adapter, hinged seat and linkage design with hydraulic cylinder, the inner mold can adjust the cross-sectional size within a certain range, thereby adapting to the construction needs of various equal and variable cross-section precast box girders, and has good versatility.

[0020] Stable structure and good rigidity: The template adopts a V-shaped structure and is equipped with reinforcing beams, which ensures the overall rigidity and stability of the inner mold during the concrete pouring process, effectively preventing mold bulging and deformation, and ensuring the forming quality of the box girder. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold of the precast box girder of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic inner mold of the precast box girder after the hydraulic cylinder has been removed according to the present invention; Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic inner mold of the precast box girder after removing the hinge seat according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the hydraulic inner mold of the precast box girder in the demolding state according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the deformation process of the automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold of the precast box girder according to the present invention. Explanation of icon numbers: 1. Upper right template; 2. Lower right template; 3. Upper left template; 4. Lower left template; 5. Upper right hinge; 6. Lower right hinge; 7. Upper left hinge; 8. Lower left hinge; 9. Elongated hole; 10. Adapter; 11. Tie rod; 12. Adjustment hole; 13. Hinge; 14. First hydraulic cylinder; 15. Second hydraulic cylinder; 16. Third hydraulic cylinder; 17. Wedge-shaped contact surface; 18. Reinforcing beam. 1a. Top plate; 1b. Inclined plate; 1c. Mounting edge; 1d. Connecting hole; 2a. Lower right vertical plate; 2a-1. Guide surface; 2b. Lower right bottom plate; 2b-1. Guide surface; 2b-2. Connecting edge. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0023] It should be understood that, when used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of a descriptive feature, integral, step, operation, element, and / or component, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or sets.

[0024] To keep the drawings concise, only the parts relevant to the invention are shown schematically in each figure, and they do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some figures, only one of components with the same structure or function is shown schematically, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" can mean not only "only one" but also "more than one".

[0025] It should also be further understood that the term “and / or” as used in this application specification and the appended claims means any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations, and includes such combinations.

[0026] In the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings, the directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and back) used to explain the structure and movement of the various components of the invention are relative rather than absolute. These descriptions are appropriate when these components are in the positions shown in the drawings. If the descriptions of the positions of these components change, these directional indications also change accordingly.

[0027] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the specific implementation methods of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings and other implementation methods can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0029] Please see Figure 1 and combined Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders. Through a linkage mechanism combining hydraulic drive and connecting rod slide, the inner mold can be automatically and synchronously opened, closed and retracted, facilitating the rapid demolding of precast box girders.

[0030] The inner mold of this invention includes an upper left template 3, a lower left template 4, an upper right template 1, and a lower right template 2. These four templates together form a ring structure to provide internal support for the precast box girder.

[0031] To ensure the tightness of the joints during mold closing and prevent concrete grout leakage, matching wedge-shaped contact surfaces 17 are provided on the adjacent side end faces of the upper left mold 3 and the lower left mold 4, as well as the adjacent side end faces of the upper right mold 1 and the lower right mold 2, the upper left mold 3 and the upper right mold 1, and the lower left mold 4 and the lower right mold 2. The wedge-shaped inclined surfaces can be pressed tighter and tighter during mold closing to improve the sealing effect.

[0032] To meet different size requirements, the present invention also includes an upper right hinge seat 5 installed at the turning point of the upper right template 1, a lower right hinge seat 6 installed on the lower right template 2, an upper left hinge seat 7 installed on the upper left template 3, and a lower left hinge seat 8 installed at the turning point of the lower left template 4.

[0033] An elongated hole 9 is provided on the lower left template 4. A triangular cross-section adapter 10 is slidably installed in the elongated hole 9. The adapter 10 is connected to the upper left template 3 above via a tie rod 11; the upper left template 3 and the lower left template 4 are also hinged via a tie rod 11.

[0034] An adjustment hole 12 is provided on the lower right template 2. A hinge seat 13 with the same triangular cross-section is slidably installed in the adjustment hole 12. The hinge seat 13 is connected to the upper right template 1 via a tie rod 11.

[0035] The present invention also includes a first hydraulic cylinder 14, a second hydraulic cylinder 15 and a third hydraulic cylinder 16, wherein the two ends of the first hydraulic cylinder 14 are respectively hinged to the upper left hinge seat 7 and the lower left hinge seat 8, and are used to directly drive the upper left template 3 and the lower left template 4 to rotate relative to each other (open or close) around the contact point between them.

[0036] The two ends of the second hydraulic cylinder 15 are hinged to the upper right hinge seat 5 and the lower right hinge seat 6 respectively, and are used to directly drive the upper right template 1 and the lower right template 2 to rotate relative to each other around the contact point between them.

[0037] The third hydraulic cylinder 16 is the "master switch" for the entire inner mold to close and expand. One end of the third hydraulic cylinder 16 is hinged to the lower left hinge seat 8, and the other end of the third hydraulic cylinder 16 is hinged to a sliding hinge seat 13.

[0038] To ensure sufficient rigidity and stability of the inner formwork under the lateral pressure of concrete and to prevent bulging deformation, both the upper right formwork 1 and the lower right formwork 2 are reinforced. They each include two V-shaped side plates and a surrounding plate welded between the two side plates, sealing their ends (not fully shown in the figure). To further enhance the structure, several reinforcing beams 18 made of channel steel are welded at intervals between the two side plates. This structure significantly improves the bending resistance of the formwork while maintaining lightweight construction.

[0039] The upper right hinge seat 5 is set at the turning point of the upper right template 1, and the lower left hinge seat 8 is set at the turning point of the upper left template 3. By setting the upper right hinge seat 5 and the lower left hinge seat 8 at the V-shaped turning point of the template, the thrust arm of the hydraulic cylinder can be maximized, making the drive more labor-saving and effective.

[0040] Mold closing (expansion) process: The hydraulic system supplies oil, driving three hydraulic cylinders to move synchronously. The third hydraulic cylinder 16 extends, pushing the hinge seat 13 to slide away from the lower right hinge seat 6 (usually upwards) within the adjusting hole 12. The movement of the hinge seat 13 pulls the upper right template 1 through the tie rod, causing it to tend to open outwards. Simultaneously, the reaction force of the third hydraulic cylinder 16 acts on the lower left template 4 through the lower left hinge seat 8. For details, please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 As shown, Simultaneously, the first hydraulic cylinder 14 and the second hydraulic cylinder 15 extend. The first hydraulic cylinder 14 pushes the upper left template 3 and the lower left template 4 to rotate outward around their contact point and open, while the second hydraulic cylinder 15 pushes the upper right template 1 and the lower right template 2 to rotate outward around their contact point and open. During this process, the adapter seat 10 slides away from the lower left hinge seat 8 within the elongated hole 9 under the traction of the pull rod 11.

[0041] All the formwork was finally moved to the predetermined design position, and the wedge-shaped contact surfaces 17 of each formwork were tightly fitted together, forming a precisely sized and tightly sealed box girder cavity. At this point, the inner formwork was in its maximum cross-sectional state, ready for concrete pouring.

[0042] Demolding (shrinkage) process: After the concrete is formed and reaches a certain strength, demolding is required. At this time, the hydraulic system supplies oil in reverse, and the first hydraulic cylinder 14 and the second hydraulic cylinder 15 shrink first, driving the upper left template 3 and the lower left template 4, the upper right template 1 and the lower right template 2 to rotate inward, achieving initial shrinkage and separating the template from the inner wall of the concrete.

[0043] The third hydraulic cylinder 16 retracts synchronously, pulling the hinge seat 13 to slide downwards (towards) the lower right hinge seat 6 within the adjusting hole 12. This action, through the linkage mechanism such as the pull rod 11, forcibly pulls the upper right template 1 and the lower right template 2 further inwards. At the same time, the movement of the entire mechanism also drives the left template group to retract further inwards through the lower left template 4 and the adapter seat 10.

[0044] When the demolding action is completed, the adapter 10 slides to the position closest to the lower left hinge 8 within the elongated hole 9, while the hinge 13 slides to the position closest to the lower right hinge 6 within the adjusting hole 12. At this point, the overall contour dimensions of the inner mold shrink to their minimum, i.e., the minimum cross-sectional state (e.g., ...). Figure 2 (As shown). In this state, there is sufficient clearance between the inner mold and the inner wall of the box girder, allowing it to be easily pulled out of the box girder as a whole using equipment such as a winch, completing the demolding. Please refer to the diagram for the desired state. Figure 4 As shown.

[0045] Furthermore, the side plate of the upper right template 1 of the present invention includes a top plate 1a and an inclined plate 1b. One side of the top plate 1a extends outward to form a mounting edge 1c, which is provided with a connection hole 1d for connection with other structures or installation of seals. The inclined plate 1b and the top plate 1a are set at an acute angle, together forming a V-shaped structure.

[0046] The side plate of the lower right template 2 of the present invention includes a lower right vertical plate 2a and a lower right bottom plate 2b. The adjustment hole 12 is provided on the lower right vertical plate 2a. The free end (i.e. the upper end) of the lower right vertical plate 2a is provided with an inclined guide surface 2a-1. The shape of the guide surface 2a-1 is adapted to the outer circular surface of the inclined plate 1b of the upper right template 1, ensuring that the two can be smoothly guided and finally tightly fitted during the mold closing process.

[0047] Meanwhile, the free end of the lower right base plate 2b (i.e. the end that connects with the lower left template 4) is provided with an inclined guide surface 2b-1. This guide surface 2b-1 is adapted to the free end of the lower left template 4 to ensure the mold closing accuracy between the lower left and right templates.

[0048] In addition, a connecting edge 2b-2 extends inward from the free end of the lower right base plate 2b to form a connecting edge 2b-2, which is used to reinforce the structure or connect other components.

[0049] Compared with existing designs, the automatic opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders provided by this invention has the following advantages: 1. Safety and Automation: The entire opening and closing process is driven by a hydraulic system, eliminating the need for personnel to enter the enclosure and minimizing safety risks.

[0050] 2. High efficiency: Hydraulic action is rapid, which can shorten the time by several hours compared to manual mold disassembly.

[0051] 3. High adaptability: By adjusting the final stroke of each hydraulic cylinder, the final size of the inner mold after expansion can be precisely controlled, thus enabling it to adapt to precast box girders with different cross-sectional dimensions, making it extremely versatile.

[0052] 4. Structural stability: The structural design of the channel steel reinforcing beam and V-shaped side plate is specifically implemented in this embodiment, ensuring the rigidity and forming quality of the inner mold during construction.

[0053] Finally, the method described in this application is merely a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this invention should be included within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. An automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders, characterized in that, The system includes a V-shaped upper right template, a lower right template, an upper left template, and a lower left template. Each of these templates is equipped with a corresponding upper right hinge seat, lower right hinge seat, upper left hinge seat, and lower left hinge seat. The lower left template has an elongated hole into which an adapter seat is installed. The adapter seat is connected to the upper left template via a pull rod. The lower right template has an adjustment hole into which a hinge seat is installed. The hinge seat is connected to the upper right template via a pull rod. The upper left hinge seat and the lower left hinge seat are connected by a first hydraulic cylinder, and the upper right hinge seat and the lower right hinge seat are connected by a second hydraulic cylinder. A third hydraulic cylinder connects the lower left hinge seat to the hinge seat.

2. The automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The upper right hinge seat is located at the bend of the upper right template, and the lower left hinge seat is located at the bend of the upper left template.

3. The automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The adjacent side faces of the upper right template, lower right template, upper left template, and lower left template are configured as wedge-shaped contact surfaces.

4. The automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hinge seat and the adapter seat have triangular cross-sections, and each of the hinge seat and the adapter seat has two mounting holes. The connecting rod and the pull rod are hinged in the mounting holes.

5. The automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders as described in claim 4, characterized in that, When the adapter is closest to the lower left hinge and the hinge is closest to the lower right hinge, the hydraulic inner mold of the precast box girder is in the minimum cross-section state.

6. The automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Both the upper right template and the lower right template include two side panels and a surrounding panel. The side panels have a V-shaped cross-section and are spaced apart. The surrounding panel surrounds the two adjacent side panels.

7. The automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The side plate of the upper right template includes a top plate and an inclined plate. One side of the top plate extends outward to form a mounting edge, and a connecting hole is provided on the mounting edge. The inclined plate is set at an acute angle to the top plate. The side plate of the lower right template includes a lower right vertical plate and a lower right bottom plate. The adjustment hole is provided on the lower right vertical plate. The free end of the lower right vertical plate is provided with an inclined guide surface that matches the outer circular surface of the inclined plate of the upper right template. The free end of the lower right bottom plate of the lower right template is provided with an inclined guide surface that matches the free end of the lower left template. One side of the free end of the lower right bottom plate of the lower right template extends inward to form a connecting edge.

8. The automatically opening and closing hydraulic inner mold for precast box girders as described in claim 6, characterized in that, A reinforcing beam, which is a channel steel, is also provided between the two side plates that are spaced apart.

Images