Luminous grating and man-machine interaction control method

Abstract

The invention discloses a light-emitting grating and a man-machine interaction control method, and belongs to the field of man-machine interaction. The light-emitting grating comprises a light-emitting grating body and a matched system; the light-emitting grating body is composed of a frequency-adjustable pulse light source array, and each light source unit is packaged through a high-brightness GaN system light-emitting diode chip and is provided with an independent constant-current driving module. The frequency-adjustable pulse light source array is connected with the main controller through the multi-channel conducting layer, and the main controller comprises a signal resolving module, a power management module and an over-temperature protection unit; the matching system comprises a photoelectric sensor array arranged at the front end of a vehicle, and further comprises a data processing unit and a light-emitting grating control module. The combination of the multiple layers of conductive channel plates and the micro-through-hole heat dissipation structure significantly reduces the working thermal resistance of the array.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of human-computer interaction, and more specifically, to a light-emitting grid and a human-computer interaction control method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of personalized design for intelligent vehicle exteriors, luminous grilles have gradually evolved from simple decorative lighting to intelligent optical communication components with interactive feedback functions. Early technologies mainly used fixed light sources and simple switch control to achieve basic on / off and flashing effects; subsequently, PWM dimming and multi-color LED matrices were introduced to achieve multi-mode display and vehicle status indication; and later, voice control and remote interconnection enabled the linkage between vehicle external lighting effects and driving information, emotional expression, etc. Although existing luminous grille technology has made significant progress in terms of shape and lighting performance, it still suffers from problems such as low structural integration, severe coupling between heat dissipation and drive interference of the light source array, significant influence of ambient light on the accuracy of photoelectric sensor recognition, lag in interactive response, and phase mismatch between different light source channels. Based on this, this invention makes systematic innovations in electrical structure, photoelectric sensor arrangement, synchronous control, and timing learning algorithms to achieve high-precision drive control of the light source array, environmental adaptive sensing, and real-time human-machine interaction synchronous response, significantly improving the system's stability, recognition accuracy, and interactive smoothness. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a light-emitting grid and human-machine interaction control method to solve the problems mentioned in the background art: low structural integration, severe coupling between heat dissipation and driving interference of the light source array, large influence of ambient light on the accuracy of photoelectric sensing recognition, lag in interactive response, and phase mismatch between different light source channels.

[0004] Technical solution: A luminous grille, comprising a luminous grille body and an auxiliary system; The main body of the light-emitting grid is composed of a frequency-tunable pulse light source array. Each light source unit is packaged with a high-brightness GaN-based light-emitting diode chip and is configured with an independent constant current driving module. The frequency-tunable pulse light source array is connected to the main controller through a multi-channel conductive layer. The main controller includes a signal processing module, a power management module, and an over-temperature protection unit. The supporting system includes a photoelectric sensor array installed at the front of the vehicle. The photoelectric sensors correspond one-to-one with the light-emitting grille area. It adopts a CMOS photosensitive unit array structure and stably collects external gesture reflection signals, incident light changes and obstacle reflection data within the ambient illuminance range of 0.1 to 10 klx. The voltage signal is then output through a low-noise amplifier circuit. The supporting system also includes a data processing unit and a light-emitting grid control module; The data processing unit includes a high-speed analog-to-digital converter chip, a signal buffer register, and an embedded computing core. It uses a dual-channel sampling method to achieve millisecond-level synchronous sampling, quantizes the analog electrical signal of the photoelectric sensor, extracts feature waveforms through a time-domain differential algorithm, generates interactive trigger signals, and records timestamps. The light-emitting grid control module uses multi-dimensional control logic to determine the type of trigger signal and check the threshold. It selects the corresponding light source area according to the recognized gesture type and adjusts the driving current, pulse frequency and phase shift of the light source area. Preferably, the bracket of the light-emitting grid body is embedded with a multi-layer conductive channel plate. The multi-layer conductive channel plate is composed of alternating layers of copper foil and polyimide insulating layer. Each conductive channel corresponds to a light source unit, so that the light source array is connected to the output of the main controller through an independent signal channel. A low-impedance optical signal shielding layer is provided between the multilayer conductive channel plate and the light-emitting grid control module. The low-impedance optical signal shielding layer is formed by a composite of a silver-plated mesh conductive layer and a high dielectric constant insulating layer. The grounding terminal of each of the aforementioned light source units is connected to the grounding terminal of the vehicle body through a voltage equalization resistor network, which adopts a parallel current shunting method.

[0005] Preferably, the multilayer conductive channel plate has a micro heat dissipation through-hole array, and the through-holes are filled with thermally conductive resin to enhance the structural strength, so that the light source array forms a longitudinal convection channel when working with high-frequency pulses, thereby reducing the temperature gradient of the conductive layer. An insulating micro-wafer is embedded at the edge of the through hole. The insulating micro-wafer is made of silicone rubber and is 0.2 mm thick. It is placed between the through hole wall and the copper foil boundary to prevent interlayer short circuits and signal interference caused by thermal expansion.

[0006] Preferably, the photoelectric sensors are arranged in an equidistant array at the outer edge of the light-emitting grid; Each of the photodetectors is coated with a narrow-band filter film, and the center wavelength of the filter is consistent with the main wavelength of the light-emitting grid. The output of the photoelectric sensor is connected in parallel with a limiting and regulating module, which uses a clamping diode to suppress transient overvoltage.

[0007] Preferably, a variable refractive layer is disposed below the narrow band filter film, and the variable refractive layer is made of a liquid crystal polymer material; The variable refractive layer is formed by ion beam deposition, using dual ion source symmetrical deposition, and surface nitriding treatment is applied to improve adhesion and resistance to damp heat.

[0008] A method for controlling a light-emitting grid with human-machine interaction includes the following steps: S1. A visual feedback interface is set in the vehicle human-machine interaction interface. The visual feedback interface is an independent display area that displays the status of the light-emitting grille, working mode, response sensitivity and delay setting value in real time. The driver inputs parameter adjustment commands through the touch control port. The parameter adjustment commands are transmitted to the main controller via the CAN bus and take effect. S2. A timing learning algorithm is introduced into the control logic. The timing learning algorithm adopts a two-layer recurrent neural network model. By learning the interval sequence and intensity sequence of the gesture trigger signal online, the timing of the light effect response is automatically corrected so that the light pulse output by the light-emitting grid matches the rhythm of the operator's hand movement. S3. Phase closed-loop calibration between light source arrays is achieved through a pulse synchronization control module. The pulse synchronization control module achieves zero phase difference synchronization based on a phase-locked comparison unit and a micro-delay compensation circuit, so that the light sources in multiple regions maintain synchronized emission waveforms at different operating frequencies, thus avoiding optical flicker. S4. The vehicle speed, steering angle and ambient illuminance data are input into the control system through the multi-source sensor fusion unit. The multi-source sensor fusion unit normalizes and weights the multi-source signals through a weighted filtering matrix. The control system automatically adjusts the overall brightness and gradient of the light-emitting grille according to the output results to achieve dynamic adaptation of light effect and driving environment. S5. After the control system is running stably, the built-in self-test module is started. The self-test module sequentially detects the output current of the light source unit, the light intensity feedback signal and the sensor response delay. It calculates the deviation by comparing the reference values ​​and performs signal link verification to ensure the interaction accuracy and light output stability of the system during long-term operation.

[0009] Preferably, the time-series learning algorithm in S2 adopts a multi-layer adaptive recurrent network structure. The input layer receives time-series data from the photoelectric sensor array, the intermediate layer calculates the intensity difference between adjacent time moments through a gating mechanism, and the output layer generates a light source response delay adjustment command. The time-series learning algorithm corrects the weight coefficients according to the error backpropagation principle after each interaction cycle, and forms an individualized response model after training convergence, so as to realize the automatic recognition and matching of different driver gesture features.

[0010] Preferably, the pulse synchronization control module in S3 adopts a phase-locked loop phase calibration circuit. The phase-locked loop phase calibration circuit includes a reference oscillation unit, a comparison detection unit, and a delay compensation unit. At the end of each pulse cycle, the comparison unit detects the phase deviation between adjacent channels, and the delay compensation unit automatically corrects it in the next cycle to achieve zero-phase-difference closed-loop synchronization.

[0011] Preferably, in the multi-source sensor fusion unit of S4, the vehicle speed sensor, steering angle sensor and illuminance sensor respectively output analog signals to the fusion control chip. The fusion control chip is equipped with a weighted filtering matrix. Based on the weight coefficients Wv, Wθ and Wi, the fusion output signal Y=Wv×V+Wθ×Θ+Wi×I is calculated. The control system adjusts the brightness gradient of the light source array in real time according to the Y value, so that the light intensity distribution changes continuously with the dynamic attitude of the vehicle.

[0012] Preferably, the construction of the weighted filtering matrix in S4 further includes the following steps: S4-1. Set the speed weight parameter Wv according to the vehicle speed signal change rate dV / dt, so that the brightness of the light source increases linearly when the vehicle accelerates and decreases smoothly when it decelerates. S4-2. Based on the steering angle change range ΔΘ, set the direction weight parameter Wθ to control the enhancement of the light source on the turning side and the attenuation on the opposite side, forming a dynamic guidance effect; S4-3. Set the brightness compensation coefficient Wi according to the ambient illuminance signal I, so that the light source output gain is compensated in low-light environment and automatically suppressed in high-light environment; S4-4. The comprehensive weighting coefficient Y is calculated by the matrix summation unit and output to the light source array control unit. The control unit corrects the brightness distribution of the light-emitting grille according to the Y value to achieve environmental adaptation and driving coordination control.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this invention are: (1) The combination of multilayer conductive channel plate and micro-hole heat dissipation structure significantly reduces the array's working thermal resistance; (2) The dual modulation structure of the photoelectric sensor with narrowband filter and variable refractive layer improves the anti-interference performance of gesture recognition; (3) The timing learning algorithm is combined with phase-locked synchronization control to realize the synchronous response of the light source array under high-frequency dynamic interaction; (4) The multi-source sensor fusion and real-time weighted correction mechanism enables the light output to be deeply linked with the vehicle's dynamic environment, and has high intelligence and reliability. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a light-emitting grid system according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] For examples, please refer to Figure 1 A method for controlling a light-emitting grille in human-machine interaction includes the following steps: S1. Establish the electrical connection structure between the light-emitting grid and the control system. The light-emitting grid is composed of a frequency-tunable pulse light source array. Each light source unit is packaged with a high-brightness GaN-based light-emitting diode chip and configured with an independent constant current drive module. The frequency-tunable pulse light source array is connected to the main controller through a multi-channel conductive layer. The main controller includes a signal processing module, a power management module, and an over-temperature protection unit to achieve current stabilization and linearization of light source response.

[0016] S2. An array of photoelectric sensors is set at the front of the vehicle. The photoelectric sensors correspond one-to-one with the light-emitting grille area. A CMOS photosensitive unit array structure is adopted. The sensor stably collects external gesture reflection signals, incident light changes and obstacle reflection data within the ambient illuminance range of 0.1 to 10 klx, and outputs voltage signals through a low-noise amplifier circuit.

[0017] S3. Establish a data processing unit for the control system. The data processing unit includes a high-speed analog-to-digital converter chip, a signal buffer register, and an embedded computing core. It uses a dual-channel sampling method to achieve millisecond-level synchronous sampling, quantizes the analog electrical signal of the photoelectric sensor, extracts the feature waveform through a time-domain differential algorithm, generates an interactive trigger signal, and records the timestamp.

[0018] S4. Input the interactive trigger signal into the light-emitting grid control module. The light-emitting grid control module performs type determination and threshold verification of the trigger signal through multi-dimensional control logic. Based on the recognized gesture type, it selects the corresponding light source area and adjusts the driving current, pulse frequency and phase shift of the light source area to achieve spatial orientation control of the light effect response.

[0019] S5. A visual feedback interface is set in the vehicle human-machine interface. The visual feedback interface is an independent display area that displays the status of the illuminated grille, working mode, response sensitivity and delay setting value in real time. The driver inputs parameter adjustment commands through the touch control port. The parameter adjustment commands are transmitted to the main controller via the CAN bus and take effect.

[0020] S6. Introduce a timing learning algorithm into the control logic. The timing learning algorithm adopts a two-layer recurrent neural network model. By learning the interval sequence and intensity sequence of the gesture trigger signal online, it automatically corrects the timing of the light effect response, so that the light pulse output by the light-emitting grid matches the rhythm of the operator's hand movement.

[0021] S7. Phase closed-loop calibration between light source arrays is achieved through the pulse synchronization control module. The pulse synchronization control module achieves zero phase difference synchronization based on the phase-locked comparison unit and the micro-delay compensation circuit, so that the light sources in multiple regions maintain synchronous emission waveforms at different operating frequencies, thus avoiding optical flicker.

[0022] S8. The multi-source sensor fusion unit inputs vehicle speed, steering angle and ambient illuminance data into the control system. The multi-source sensor fusion unit normalizes and weights the multi-source signals through a weighted filtering matrix. The control system automatically adjusts the overall brightness and gradient of the luminous grille according to the output results to achieve dynamic adaptation of light effect to driving environment.

[0023] S9. After the control system is running stably, the built-in self-test module is started. The self-test module sequentially detects the output current of the light source unit, the light intensity feedback signal and the sensor response delay. By comparing the reference values, the deviation is calculated and the signal link is checked to ensure the interaction accuracy and light output stability of the system during long-term operation.

[0024] Specifically, the frequency-tunable pulse light source array range is 200Hz to 5kHz, preferably 500Hz to 2kHz, to adapt to different ambient light interference and human eye flicker sensitivity thresholds. Drive waveform form: The drive waveform is a square wave or a PWM pulse waveform with a duty cycle adjustment range of 10% to 90% and a pulse width adjustment accuracy of not less than 1µs; Control resolution: The frequency resolution of the main control output is 0.5Hz, and the phase adjustment step is 0.1°, which can realize fine-grained control of multi-channel light sources.

[0025] Specifically, the power management module in the main controller should have its structural features supplemented: It adopts a DC-DC step-down topology and combines constant current / constant voltage dual closed-loop control; The sampling resistor accuracy of the constant current loop is not less than 0.1%, and the feedback response time of the constant voltage loop is less than 5ms; The output voltage adjustment range is 3.3V~24V, and the current output range is 50mA~1A; Specifically, the signal processing module employs a dual mechanism of threshold recognition and time-domain filtering: First, an adaptive threshold is set based on the historical average reflection intensity (the threshold is 2.5 times the baseline noise mean). Secondly, a third-order low-pass time-domain filter (cutoff frequency approximately 20Hz) is used to filter out background fluctuations; A timing differential matching algorithm is performed on the remaining signal to extract the time interval pattern of the gesture waveform in order to distinguish between continuous gestures and single interference.

[0026] The algorithm's runtime is no more than 5ms, and the signal classification accuracy is ≥95%.

[0027] Specifically, the logic of the light-emitting grille control module should adopt an FPGA+MCU dual-core architecture; The parameters of the time series learning algorithm include: time window length (200–500ms) and learning rate (0.01–0.05). Rhythm prediction is achieved using a two-layer RNN network with an error correction period of 1 second.

[0028] S1 establishes the electrical connection structure between the luminous grid and the control system, including the following steps: S1-1. A multi-layer conductive channel plate is embedded inside the light-emitting grid support. The multi-layer conductive channel plate is composed of alternating copper foil coating and polyimide insulating layer, with a thickness controlled between 0.3 and 0.5 mm. Each conductive channel corresponds to a light source unit, so that the light source array is connected to the output of the main controller through an independent signal channel. S1-2. A low-impedance optical signal shielding layer is set between the channel board and the control module. The low-impedance optical signal shielding layer is formed by a composite of a silver-plated mesh conductive layer and a high dielectric constant insulating layer. It shields the crosstalk between adjacent pulse signals and maintains the signal phase stability. S1-3. Connect the grounding terminal of each light source unit to the grounding terminal of the vehicle body through a voltage equalization resistor network. The voltage equalization resistor network adopts a parallel current shunting method to maintain the potential balance of each light source channel and prevent light flicker and overcurrent caused by local potential difference.

[0029] S1-1 also includes the following steps: S1-1-1. A micro heat dissipation through-hole array is formed on a multilayer conductive channel board. The diameter of the through-hole is 0.8-1.2 mm and the spacing between them is 2 mm. The through-hole is filled with thermally conductive resin to enhance the structural strength, so that the light source array forms a longitudinal convection channel when working with high-frequency pulses, thereby reducing the temperature gradient of the conductive layer. S1-1-2. An insulating micro-wafer is embedded at the edge of the through hole. The insulating micro-wafer is made of silicone rubber and is 0.2 mm thick. It is placed between the through hole wall and the copper foil boundary to prevent interlayer short circuits and signal interference caused by thermal expansion.

[0030] The arrangement of the S2 photoelectric sensor array includes the following steps: S2-1. Arrange the photoelectric sensors in an equidistant array on the outer edge of the light-emitting grid, with a spacing of 10-15mm, and make the sensing field of view angle form an angle of 15°-20° with the light source projection angle to ensure that the detection area covers the entire light source output range. Specifically, the support structure is as follows: the photoelectric sensor is fixed on a metal or high-strength engineering plastic support, and the support is provided with a limiting groove or positioning hole. The initial tilt angle can be fixed after the sensor is inserted into the limiting groove. Tilt adjustment: The bracket is equipped with an adjustable screw or fine-tuning shim. The tilt angle can be adjusted by ±2° by adjusting the screw and fixed by locking the nut to achieve precise matching between the field of view of the photoelectric sensor and the projection angle of the light source (15°~20° angle). Vibration damping measures: The bracket is isolated from the vehicle structure by rubber damping pads to ensure the stability of the sensor tilt angle when the vehicle is in motion.

[0031] S2-2. A narrow-band filter film is coated on the surface of each photodetector. The center wavelength of the filter is consistent with the main wavelength of the light-emitting grid, and the bandwidth is controlled within ±10nm to suppress stray light interference in non-target bands. Specifically, the film material is a multilayer interference film with alternating deposition of high-refractive-index titanium dioxide (TiO2) and low-refractive-index silicon dioxide (SiO2), and the center wavelength is consistent with the main wavelength of the light-emitting grid (e.g., 450nm±10nm). Deposition method: The film can be formed by **magnetron sputtering** or **electron beam evaporation**, ensuring a film thickness accuracy within ±2nm; Additional treatments: The surface can be nitrided or coated with an optical film for protection to improve resistance to damp heat and extend service life. The filter film maintains a stable center wavelength in environments ranging from -20°C to 60°C.

[0032] S2-3. Connect a limiting and voltage regulator module in parallel at the output of the photoelectric sensor. Set the limiting value to 3.3V. Use a clamping diode to suppress transient overvoltage, ensure the amplitude of the analog signal is stable, and reduce the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0033] Specifically, the circuit configuration can be: a voltage clamping circuit consisting of a Zener diode clamp or an operational amplifier, with the regulated voltage set to 3.3V; A small capacitor (10–100pF) is connected in parallel to filter out high-frequency interference; Response time: The clamping response time is less than 100ns, ensuring that transient overvoltage signals are quickly suppressed; Once the signal stabilizes, the output voltage fluctuation is less than ±5mV, improving the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0034] S2-2 also includes the following steps: S2-2-1. A variable refractive layer is disposed below the narrow-band filter film. The variable refractive layer is made of liquid crystal polymer material, and the refractive index n changes with temperature T in a relationship that satisfies dn / dT=1.8×10 -4 / °C, automatically fine-tuning within the range of -20°C to 60°C to maintain constant sensitivity of reflected signals; Specifically, the thickness of the liquid crystal polymer variable refractive layer is controlled within the range of 200–500 nm to ensure the accuracy of refractive index adjustment and optical transmission / reflection characteristics; Response time: Within the temperature range of -20°C to 60°C, the refractive index achieves a stable response to temperature changes, with a typical response time of ≤50ms, ensuring that the photoelectric sensor quickly follows changes in the external temperature. Alignment film treatment: A polymer alignment film (such as polyimide PI) can be coated on the substrate and subjected to hot baking and friction stretching to form a unidirectional liquid crystal molecule orientation, ensuring the optical anisotropy and uniformity of the variable refractive layer.

[0035] S2-2-2. A variable refractive layer is formed by ion beam deposition. Dual ion source symmetrical deposition is used to ensure that the film thickness uniformity is ≤5nm. Surface nitriding treatment is used to improve adhesion and resistance to damp heat, thereby extending the sensor's service life to more than 10,000 hours.

[0036] Specifically, the thickness of the liquid crystal polymer variable refractive layer is controlled within the range of 200–500 nm to ensure the accuracy of refractive index adjustment and optical transmission / reflection characteristics; Response time: Within the temperature range of -20°C to 60°C, the refractive index achieves a stable response to temperature changes, with a typical response time of ≤50ms, ensuring that the photoelectric sensor quickly follows changes in the external temperature. Alignment film treatment: A polymer alignment film (such as polyimide PI) can be coated on the substrate and subjected to hot baking and friction stretching to form a unidirectional liquid crystal molecule orientation, ensuring the optical anisotropy and uniformity of the variable refractive layer.

[0037] Specifically, the process atmosphere: the nitriding atmosphere uses a mixture of N2 and Ar gases, with nitrogen accounting for 70-90% and argon used to stabilize the plasma; Temperature and duration: The processing temperature is controlled at 150–200°C, and the duration is 30–60 minutes; Effects: A thin nitride film is formed on the surface of the liquid crystal polymer film, which improves adhesion, resistance to damp heat and weathering, and can extend the sensor's service life to >10,000 hours.

[0038] The S6 time-series learning algorithm adopts a multi-layer adaptive recurrent network structure. The input layer receives time-series data from the photoelectric sensor array, the intermediate layer calculates the intensity difference between adjacent time moments through a gating mechanism, and the output layer generates light source response delay adjustment instructions. After each interaction cycle, the time-series learning algorithm corrects the weight coefficients according to the error backpropagation principle, and forms an individualized response model after training convergence, realizing the automatic recognition and matching of different driver gesture features.

[0039] Specifically, multi-layer adaptive recurrent network structure Network layers: A stacked structure of 3–5 layers of recurrent neural networks (RNN / LSTM / GRU) is adopted, in which each layer uses a gating mechanism to pass time information; Number of neurons per layer: Each layer contains 64–128 neurons, which can be adjusted appropriately according to the complexity of the training samples; Activation function type: The hidden layer uses the tanh or ReLU activation function, and the output layer uses the linear activation function to generate continuous light source response delay instructions.

[0040] Training sample collection method Time series data acquisition: The output voltage signal of the photoelectric sensor is sampled through a high-speed analog-to-digital converter chip at a sampling frequency of 1–5kHz, and the continuous light intensity waveform is recorded. Sample extraction method: The collected photoelectric sensor signals are divided into interactive trigger event windows, and each window forms a time series sample with a length of 50–200 sampling points; Feature processing: Each time series sample is subjected to temporal difference and normalization processing, which is used as the network input; the output corresponding to each sample is the light source response delay adjustment instruction.

[0041] The S7 pulse synchronization control module adopts a phase-locked loop phase calibration circuit, which includes a reference oscillation unit, a comparison detection unit, and a delay compensation unit. At the end of each pulse cycle, the comparison unit detects the phase deviation between adjacent channels, and the delay compensation unit automatically corrects it in the next cycle to achieve zero-phase-difference closed-loop synchronization. The pulse synchronization control module maintains a phase error of no more than 0.5° within the frequency variation range of 10Hz to 5kHz.

[0042] Specifically, the reference oscillator unit uses a high-precision quartz crystal with a typical frequency of 10MHz–50MHz to generate a reference clock signal. Frequency stability: The crystal oscillator temperature stability reaches ±2ppm, with small frequency drift, ensuring the reference accuracy of the phase-locked loop in the 10Hz–5kHz pulse range; Output characteristics: Square wave or sine wave output, which can drive subsequent phase comparison circuits.

[0043] The phase difference detection method of the comparison detection unit is to compare the phase of the pulses of the input channel and the reference channel by using an analog multiplier-type phase detector or a digital phase meter. Output signal: Generates an analog voltage or digital quantity that is proportional to the phase difference, used to drive the delay compensation unit; Sampling accuracy: The phase difference detection accuracy can reach 0.1°–0.2°, and it supports closed-loop fine-tuning.

[0044] The minimum delay resolution of the delay compensation unit can achieve fine-tuning at the 1–2ns level, meeting the requirements for high-precision phase alignment. Compensation range: Delay compensation covers 0–500ns, which can correspond to phase adjustment within a pulse period of 0–5kHz; Control effect: Through closed-loop feedback, the phase error between adjacent light source channels is controlled within ≤0.5°, effectively avoiding optical flicker.

[0045] In the S8 multi-source sensor fusion unit, the vehicle speed sensor, steering angle sensor, and illuminance sensor output analog signals to the fusion control chip. The fusion control chip has a weighted filtering matrix inside, and calculates the fusion output signal Y=Wv×V+Wθ×Θ+Wi×I based on the weight coefficients Wv, Wθ, and Wi. The control system adjusts the brightness gradient of the light source array in real time according to the Y value, so that the light intensity distribution changes continuously with the dynamic attitude of the vehicle.

[0046] Specifically, the model and core parameters of the integrated control chip are as follows: for example, the STM32H743 series has a main frequency of 400MHz and a built-in floating-point unit for real-time filtering operations; Interface type: Supports ADC sampling interface (12-bit / 16-bit) and PWM output port, and communicates with the light source control module via SPI or I²C; Memory resources: Integrated 1MB SRAM and 2MB Flash for storing filter coefficients, PWM mapping curves and historical sampling data.

[0047] The construction of the S8 weighted filter matrix also includes the following steps: S8-1. Set the speed weight parameter Wv according to the vehicle speed signal change rate dV / dt, so that the brightness of the light source increases linearly when the vehicle accelerates and decreases smoothly when it decelerates. S8-2. Based on the steering angle change range ΔΘ, set the direction weight parameter Wθ to control the enhancement of the light source on the turning side and the attenuation on the opposite side, forming a dynamic guidance effect; S8-3. Set the brightness compensation coefficient Wi according to the ambient illuminance signal I, so that the light source output gain is compensated in low-light environment and automatically suppressed in high-light environment; S8-4. The comprehensive weighting coefficient Y is calculated by the matrix summation unit and output to the light source array control unit. The control unit corrects the brightness distribution of the light-emitting grille according to the Y value to achieve environmental adaptation and driving coordination control.

[0048] Specifically, the ambient illuminance signal sampling frequency is recommended to be 50–200Hz to ensure timely response to light intensity adjustments while the vehicle is in motion. Measurement range: 0.1–10,000 lx, covering nighttime, tunnel, and strong sunlight scenarios; Filtering: The low-noise amplifier uses a first-order low-pass filter with a filtering time constant of 10–30 ms.

[0049] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope thereof, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A luminous grid, characterized in that, Includes the main body of the luminous grille and its supporting system; The main body of the light-emitting grid is composed of a frequency-tunable pulse light source array. Each light source unit is packaged with a high-brightness GaN-based light-emitting diode chip and is configured with an independent constant current driving module. The frequency-tunable pulse light source array is connected to the main controller through a multi-channel conductive layer. The main controller includes a signal processing module, a power management module, and an over-temperature protection unit. The supporting system includes a photoelectric sensor array installed at the front of the vehicle. The photoelectric sensors correspond one-to-one with the light-emitting grille area. It adopts a CMOS photosensitive unit array structure and stably collects external gesture reflection signals, incident light changes and obstacle reflection data within the ambient illuminance range of 0.1 to 10 klx. The voltage signal is then output through a low-noise amplifier circuit. The supporting system also includes a data processing unit and a light-emitting grid control module; The data processing unit includes a high-speed analog-to-digital converter chip, a signal buffer register, and an embedded computing core. It uses a dual-channel sampling method to achieve millisecond-level synchronous sampling, quantizes the analog electrical signal of the photoelectric sensor, extracts feature waveforms through a time-domain differential algorithm, generates interactive trigger signals, and records timestamps. The light-emitting grid control module uses multi-dimensional control logic to determine the type of trigger signal and check the threshold. Based on the recognized gesture type, it selects the corresponding light source area and adjusts the driving current, pulse frequency, and phase offset of the light source area.

2. A light-emitting grid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket of the light-emitting grid body is embedded with a multi-layer conductive channel plate. The multi-layer conductive channel plate is composed of alternating copper foil coating and polyimide insulating layer. Each conductive channel corresponds to a light source unit, so that the light source array is connected to the output of the main controller through an independent signal channel. A low-impedance optical signal shielding layer is provided between the multilayer conductive channel plate and the light-emitting grid control module. The low-impedance optical signal shielding layer is formed by a composite of a silver-plated mesh conductive layer and a high dielectric constant insulating layer. The grounding terminal of each of the aforementioned light source units is connected to the grounding terminal of the vehicle body through a voltage equalization resistor network, which adopts a parallel current shunting method.

3. A light-emitting grid according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multilayer conductive channel plate has a micro heat dissipation through-hole array, and the through-holes are filled with thermally conductive resin to enhance the structural strength, so that the light source array forms a longitudinal convection channel when working with high-frequency pulses, thereby reducing the temperature gradient of the conductive layer. An insulating micro-wafer is embedded at the edge of the through hole. The insulating micro-wafer is made of silicone rubber and is 0.2 mm thick. It is placed between the through hole wall and the copper foil boundary to prevent interlayer short circuits and signal interference caused by thermal expansion.

4. A light-emitting grid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photoelectric sensors are arranged in an equidistant array on the outer edge of the light-emitting grid. Each of the photodetectors is coated with a narrow-band filter film, and the center wavelength of the filter is consistent with the main wavelength of the light-emitting grid. The output of the photoelectric sensor is connected in parallel with a limiting and regulating module, which uses a clamping diode to suppress transient overvoltage.

5. A light-emitting grid according to claim 4, characterized in that: A variable refractive layer is disposed beneath the narrow band filter film, and the variable refractive layer is made of a liquid crystal polymer material; The variable refractive layer is formed by ion beam deposition, using dual ion source symmetrical deposition, and surface nitriding treatment is applied to improve adhesion and resistance to damp heat.

6. A method for controlling a light-emitting grille and human-machine interaction, wherein the light-emitting grille is the light-emitting grille described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. A visual feedback interface is set in the vehicle human-machine interaction interface. The visual feedback interface is an independent display area that displays the status of the light-emitting grille, working mode, response sensitivity and delay setting value in real time. The driver inputs parameter adjustment commands through the touch control port. The parameter adjustment commands are transmitted to the main controller via the CAN bus and take effect. S2. A timing learning algorithm is introduced into the control logic. The timing learning algorithm adopts a two-layer recurrent neural network model. By learning the interval sequence and intensity sequence of the gesture trigger signal online, the timing of the light effect response is automatically corrected so that the light pulse output by the light-emitting grid matches the rhythm of the operator's hand movement. S3. Phase closed-loop calibration between light source arrays is achieved through a pulse synchronization control module. The pulse synchronization control module achieves zero phase difference synchronization based on a phase-locked comparison unit and a micro-delay compensation circuit, so that the light sources in multiple regions maintain synchronized emission waveforms at different operating frequencies, thus avoiding optical flicker. S4. The vehicle speed, steering angle and ambient illuminance data are input into the control system through the multi-source sensor fusion unit. The multi-source sensor fusion unit normalizes and weights the multi-source signals through a weighted filtering matrix. The control system automatically adjusts the overall brightness and gradient of the light-emitting grille according to the output results to achieve dynamic adaptation of light effect and driving environment. S5. After the control system is running stably, the built-in self-test module is started. The self-test module sequentially detects the output current of the light source unit, the light intensity feedback signal and the sensor response delay. It calculates the deviation by comparing the reference values ​​and performs signal link verification to ensure the interaction accuracy and light output stability of the system during long-term operation.

7. The method for controlling a light-emitting grid and human-machine interaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The time-series learning algorithm in S2 adopts a multi-layer adaptive recurrent network structure. The input layer receives time-series data from the photoelectric sensor array, the intermediate layer calculates the intensity difference between adjacent time moments through a gating mechanism, and the output layer generates a light source response delay adjustment command. The time-series learning algorithm corrects the weight coefficients according to the error backpropagation principle after each interaction cycle, and forms an individualized response model after training convergence, so as to realize the automatic recognition and matching of different driver gesture features.

8. The method for controlling a light-emitting grid and human-machine interaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse synchronization control module in S3 adopts a phase-locked loop phase calibration circuit. The phase-locked loop phase calibration circuit includes a reference oscillation unit, a comparison detection unit, and a delay compensation unit. At the end of each pulse cycle, the comparison unit detects the phase deviation between adjacent channels and automatically corrects it in the next cycle through the delay compensation unit to achieve zero-phase-difference closed-loop synchronization.

9. The method for controlling a light-emitting grid and human-machine interaction according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the multi-source sensor fusion unit of S4, the vehicle speed sensor, steering angle sensor, and illuminance sensor respectively output analog signals to the fusion control chip. The fusion control chip has a weighted filtering matrix inside, and calculates the fusion output signal Y=Wv×V+Wθ×Θ+Wi×I based on the weight coefficients Wv, Wθ, and Wi. The control system adjusts the brightness gradient of the light source array in real time according to the Y value, so that the light intensity distribution changes continuously with the dynamic attitude of the vehicle.

10. The method for controlling a light-emitting grid and human-machine interaction according to claim 8, characterized in that, The construction of the weighted filtering matrix in S4 also includes the following steps: S8-1. Set the speed weight parameter Wv according to the vehicle speed signal change rate dV / dt, so that the brightness of the light source increases linearly when the vehicle accelerates and decreases smoothly when it decelerates. S8-2. Based on the steering angle change range ΔΘ, set the direction weight parameter Wθ to control the enhancement of the light source on the turning side and the attenuation on the opposite side, forming a dynamic guidance effect; S8-3. Set the brightness compensation coefficient Wi according to the ambient illuminance signal I, so that the light source output gain is compensated in low-light environment and automatically suppressed in high-light environment; S8-4. The comprehensive weighting coefficient Y is calculated by the matrix summation unit and output to the light source array control unit. The control unit corrects the brightness distribution of the light-emitting grille according to the Y value to achieve environmental adaptation and driving coordination control.

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