gasifier

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of gasification furnaces, the gasification furnace includes: furnace shell, water-cooled wall structure, waste pot structure, quenching pool and capture structure.The furnace shell has gasification zone, waste pot zone and quenching zone in, the gasification zone, the waste pot zone and the quenching zone are sequentially arranged along by upper to lower direction, the upper end of the furnace shell is equipped with with the gasification zone communication drop opening, the water-cooled wall structure is located in the gasification zone, and located in the inner wall of the furnace shell, cooling water is used in the water-cooled wall structure;The waste pot structure includes heat exchange pipe group, the heat exchange pipe group is located in the waste pot zone;The quenching pool is located in the quenching zone, the capture structure is located in the waste pot zone, and the capture structure is used to capture water vapor and fly ash generated in the furnace shell.The gasification furnace of the present application is beneficial to improve gasification performance, energy efficiency is higher, reduces operation and maintenance cost, and is beneficial to improve production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gasification furnace technology, and more specifically, to a gasification furnace. Background Technology

[0002] In related technologies, gasifiers using biomass and other organic materials struggle to achieve high-performance gasification of various organic materials (including various biomass and organic solid wastes, low-quality anthracite and lignite, etc.), resulting in either a narrow application range for single-model gasifiers or a proliferation of gasifier models. Furthermore, gasifiers in these technologies also suffer from low gasification performance, low overall energy efficiency, high operation and maintenance costs, and reduced production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, embodiments of the present invention propose a gasifier that improves gasification performance, has high energy efficiency, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and improves production efficiency.

[0005] The gasifier of an embodiment of the present invention includes: a furnace shell, wherein the furnace shell has a gasification zone, a waste boiler zone, and a quenching zone, wherein the gasification zone, the waste boiler zone, and the quenching zone are arranged sequentially from top to bottom, and the upper end of the furnace shell is provided with a feeding port communicating with the gasification zone; a water-cooled wall structure, wherein the water-cooled wall structure is disposed in the gasification zone and located on the inner wall of the furnace shell, and the water-cooled wall structure is used to circulate cooling water; a waste boiler structure, wherein the waste boiler structure includes a heat exchange tube assembly disposed in the waste boiler zone; a quenching pool, wherein the quenching pool is disposed in the quenching zone; and a collection structure, wherein the collection structure is disposed in the waste boiler zone, and the collection structure is used to collect water vapor and fly ash generated in the furnace shell.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the gasifier, biomass and other organic materials, along with the gasifying agent, enter the gasification zone and rapidly undergo a high-temperature, high-pressure gasification reaction to generate crude syngas and molten ash. Some molten ash particles move to the water-cooled wall structure and gradually establish a dynamic solid slag layer. The crude syngas and some ash descend and undergo efficient heat exchange through the waste heat exchanger structure. The crude syngas then passes through a trapping structure to capture water vapor and fly ash before being discharged from the furnace shell. The water vapor and the separated ash enter the quenching pool for cooling and solidification before being discharged from the furnace shell through the lower slag outlet. Therefore, the gasifier of this embodiment of the present invention is beneficial for improving gasification performance, has high energy efficiency, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and improves production efficiency.

[0007] In some embodiments, the furnace shell includes a first anti-corrosion coating, a second anti-corrosion coating, a metal shell layer, a heat insulation coating, and a refractory layer, arranged sequentially along the direction from the outside to the inside of the furnace shell.

[0008] In some embodiments, the water-cooled wall structure includes a third anti-corrosion coating, a fourth anti-corrosion coating, a water-cooled pipe layer, a nail-supported refractory layer, and a high-temperature refractory layer, arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside of the water-cooled wall structure.

[0009] In some embodiments, the gasifier further includes a furnace cover disposed at the inlet, the furnace cover including a furnace cover mounting flange and a refractory brick layer disposed inside the furnace cover mounting flange.

[0010] In some embodiments, the gasifier further includes a furnace cover disposed at the inlet, the furnace cover including a furnace cover mounting flange and a water cooling plate disposed inside the furnace cover mounting flange.

[0011] In some embodiments, the gasifier further includes a furnace cover, and the furnace cover is provided with heat-insulating and fire-resistant cotton at the junction with the inlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gasifier further includes a conical section made of refractory bricks, the conical section being disposed in the gasification zone and located on the lower side of the water-cooled wall structure, the inner diameter of the conical section gradually decreasing from top to bottom.

[0013] In some embodiments, the angle between the inner wall surface of the conical segment and the central axis of the conical segment is α, wherein 45°≤α≤60°.

[0014] In some embodiments, the outer diameter of the lower port of the tapered segment is φ, wherein 100mm≤φ≤600mm.

[0015] In some embodiments, the heat exchange tube assembly includes a plurality of first tubes and a plurality of second tubes. The plurality of first tubes are arranged sequentially along the outer periphery of the lower port of the conical section, and the plurality of second tubes are disposed between the first tubes and the inner wall of the waste heat zone, and are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the waste heat zone. The first tubes and the second tubes are connected. The outer wall of the furnace shell is provided with a waste heat outlet and a waste heat inlet. The waste heat outlet is connected to the first tube, and the waste heat inlet is connected to the second tube.

[0016] In some embodiments, a first foldback channel is defined between the first pipe and the second pipe, and a second foldback channel is defined between the second pipe and the inner wall of the waste heat treatment zone, the first foldback channel and the second foldback channel being used for the flow of crude syngas.

[0017] In some embodiments, the trapping structure is arranged close to the upper side of the second reversing channel and is in communication with the second reversing channel.

[0018] In some embodiments, the trapping structure includes a trapping channel and a plurality of partitions, the plurality of partitions being arranged at intervals in the trapping channel in a vertical direction, and the upper end surface of the partitions being provided with a protruding structure.

[0019] In some embodiments, the gasifying agent in the gasifier is pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched gas.

[0020] In some embodiments, the gasifier operates at a temperature between 1000°C and 1600°C, and at a pressure between 1 MPa and 10 MPa. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 This is a partial view of a gasifier according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 This is a partial view of the furnace shell of the gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a partial view of the water-cooled wall structure of the gasifier in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the collection structure of the gasifier in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the furnace cover of the gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure label:

[0028] 1. Furnace shell; 11. Gasification zone; 12. Waste boiler zone; 13. Quenching zone; 14. Feeding port; 15. Waste boiler outlet; 16. Waste boiler inlet; 17. Inert gas inlet; 101. First anti-corrosion coating; 102. Second anti-corrosion coating; 103. Metal shell layer; 104. Heat insulation coating; 105. Refractory layer;

[0029] 2. Water-cooled wall structure; 21. Third anti-corrosion coating; 22. Fourth anti-corrosion coating; 23. Water-cooled tube layer; 24. Studded fire-resistant layer; 25. High-temperature fire-resistant layer; 201. Water-cooled wall inlet; 202. Water-cooled wall outlet;

[0030] 3. Waste boiler structure; 31. Heat exchanger tube assembly; 311. First tube; 312. Second tube; 32. First foldback flow channel; 33. Second foldback flow channel; 34. Header structure; 341. Upper header; 342. Lower header;

[0031] 4. Quenching pool;

[0032] 5. Collection structure; 51. Collection channel; 52. Partition; 521. Protruding structure; 53. Support plate; 54. Ash collection chamber;

[0033] 6. Furnace cover; 61. Furnace cover mounting flange; 62. Refractory brick layer; 63. Insulating refractory cotton; 64. Integrated burner mounting port; 65. Video flame detector mounting port;

[0034] 7. Conical segment;

[0035] 81. Quenching water inlet; 82. Water seal trough plate; 83. Slag water outlet; 84. Black water outlet; 85. Ash water circulation port; 86. Upper interface of level gauge; 87. Lower interface of level gauge; 88. Inert gas purging port. Detailed Implementation

[0036] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0037] The following is a reference appendix. Figures 1 to 6 A gasifier according to an embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, the gasifier of this embodiment includes: a furnace shell 1, a water-cooled wall structure 2, a waste boiler structure 3, a quenching pool 4, and a collection structure 5. The furnace shell 1 has a gasification zone 11, a waste boiler zone 12, and a quenching zone 13, arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper end of the furnace shell 1 has a feeding port 14 communicating with the gasification zone 11. The water-cooled wall structure 2 is located in the gasification zone 11 and on the inner wall of the furnace shell 1, and is used to circulate cooling water. The waste boiler structure 3 includes a heat exchange tube assembly 31, which is located within the waste boiler zone 12. The quenching pool 4 is located within the quenching zone 13. The collection structure 5 is located in the waste boiler zone 12 and is used to collect water vapor and fly ash generated within the furnace shell 1.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in the gasifier, biomass and other organic materials, along with the gasifying agent, enter the gasification zone 11 and rapidly undergo a high-temperature, high-pressure gasification reaction to generate crude syngas and molten ash. Some molten ash particles move to the water-cooled wall structure 2 and gradually establish a dynamic solid slag layer. The crude syngas and some ash descend through the waste heat exchanger structure 3 for efficient heat exchange. The crude syngas then passes through the trapping structure 5 to capture water vapor and fly ash before being discharged from the furnace shell 1. The water vapor and the separated ash then descend into the quenching pool 4 for cooling and solidification before being discharged from the furnace shell 1 through the lower slag outlet. Therefore, the gasifier of this embodiment of the present invention is beneficial for improving gasification performance, has high energy efficiency, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and improves production efficiency.

[0040] Optionally, such as Figure 3 As shown, the furnace shell 1 includes a first anti-corrosion coating 101, a second anti-corrosion coating 102, a metal shell layer 103, a heat insulation coating 104, and a refractory layer 105. These layers are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside of the furnace shell 1. This arrangement improves the pressure resistance, high temperature resistance, and corrosion resistance of the furnace shell 1, thus extending its service life.

[0041] Optionally, such as Figure 4 As shown, the water-cooled wall structure 2 includes a third anti-corrosion coating 21, a fourth anti-corrosion coating 22, a water-cooled tube layer 23, a stud refractory layer 24, and a high-temperature refractory layer 25. These layers are arranged sequentially from the outside to the inside of the water-cooled wall structure 2. This improves the corrosion resistance and high-temperature resistance of the water-cooled wall structure 2, thus extending its service life.

[0042] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the gasifier also includes a furnace cover 6, which is located at the inlet 14. The furnace cover 6 includes a furnace cover mounting flange 61 and a refractory brick layer 62. The refractory brick layer 62 is located inside the furnace cover mounting flange 61, which can improve the high-temperature resistance of the furnace cover 6 and help extend its service life. For example, the refractory brick layer 62 can be a multi-layer precast refractory brick.

[0043] In other examples, the furnace cover 6 includes a furnace cover mounting flange 61 and a water-cooling plate, with the water-cooling plate located inside the furnace cover mounting flange 61. This improves the high-temperature resistance of the furnace cover 6 and helps extend its service life.

[0044] Understandably, the multi-layer precast refractory bricks (refractory brick layer 62) can be replaced with a "water-cooled coil + refractory brick" structure or a full water-cooled coil structure as needed for the project.

[0045] For example, the gasifier also includes a furnace cover 6, and the junction of the furnace cover 6 and the inlet 14 is provided with heat-insulating refractory cotton 63. This can improve the sealing and heat insulation effect of the furnace cover 6 after it is closed.

[0046] For example, such as Figure 6 As shown, the furnace cover 6 is equipped with an integrated burner mounting port 64 and a video flame detector mounting port 65 to facilitate the use of the gasifier.

[0047] Optionally, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the gasifier also includes a conical section 7 made of refractory bricks. The conical section 7 is located in the gasification zone 11 and below the water-cooled wall structure 2. The inner diameter of the conical section 7 gradually decreases from top to bottom. Under the guiding effect of the conical section 7, the crude syngas and ash can be guided downward, thereby improving the reaction efficiency of the gasifier.

[0048] Optionally, the angle between the inner wall surface of the conical segment 7 and the central axis of the conical segment 7 is α, where 45°≤α≤60°. For example, α can be 45°, 50°, 55°, or 60°.

[0049] The outer diameter of the lower end of the tapered segment 7 is φ, where 100mm ≤ φ ≤ 600mm. For example, φ can be 100mm, 200mm, 300mm, 400mm, 500mm, or 600mm.

[0050] Optionally, such as Figure 1 As shown, the heat exchange tube assembly 31 includes multiple first tubes 311 and multiple second tubes 312. The multiple first tubes 311 are arranged sequentially along the outer periphery of the lower port of the conical section 7. The multiple second tubes 312 are located between the first tubes 311 and the inner wall of the waste heat treatment zone 12, and are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the waste heat treatment zone 12. The first tubes 311 and the second tubes 312 are connected. The outer wall of the furnace shell 1 is provided with a waste heat treatment outlet 15 and a waste heat treatment inlet 16. The waste heat treatment outlet 15 is connected to the first tubes 311, and the waste heat treatment inlet 16 is connected to the second tubes 312. Under the dual action of the multiple first tubes 311 and the multiple second tubes 312, the contact area between the heat exchange tube assembly 31 and the reactants can be increased, further improving the heat recovery efficiency of the heat exchange tube assembly 31.

[0051] like Figure 1 As shown, a first reversible flow channel 32 is defined between the first tube 311 and the second tube 312, and a second reversible flow channel 33 is defined between the second tube 312 and the inner wall of the waste heat boiler zone 12. The first reversible flow channel 32 and the second reversible flow channel 33 are used to flow crude syngas. Under the action of the first reversible flow channel 32 and the second reversible flow channel 33, the contact time between the heat exchange tube assembly 31 and the reactants can be extended, further improving the heat recovery efficiency of the heat exchange tube assembly 31.

[0052] For example, a header structure 34 is provided at the upper and lower interfaces of the first pipe 311 and the second pipe 312, and the header structure 34 adopts an n (n≥3) head inlet and outlet water form. When a coiled structure is adopted, it is composed of n (n≥3) coiled pipes bent at equal intervals and then combined.

[0053] In other examples, such as Figure 2 As shown, the heat exchange tube group 31 includes multiple first tubes 311 (i.e., single-layer tubes). The multiple first tubes 311 are arranged sequentially along the outer periphery of the lower port of the conical section 7. The radiant waste water enters through n (n≥1) waste water inlets 16, passes through the lower header 342 of the first tubes 311, and enters the upper header 341 of the waste water outlet 15 after heat exchange in the first tubes 311. The gas-liquid two-phase mixture is discharged from the n (n≥1) waste water outlets 15 to the outside of the waste water.

[0054] Optionally, the trapping structure 5 is arranged near the upper side of the second deflection channel 33 and is connected to the second deflection channel 33. This can reduce the probability of water vapor and fly ash being discharged from the outlet of the trapping structure 5.

[0055] In one example, the waste heat boiler structure 3 is made of a special material, and its surface is coated with a special material to enhance heat exchange and prevent ash adhesion. The working temperature of the waste heat boiler structure 3 is 600℃-1500℃, and the working pressure is 10MPa-10MPa. A mechanical vibration ash removal device is arranged on the outside of the waste heat boiler structure 3, which helps to improve the working efficiency of the gasifier.

[0056] like Figure 1 As shown, water in the quenching pool 4 enters the water seal trough formed by the water seal plate 82 through the quenching water inlet 81, overflows into the quenching pool 4, and most of the ash water is discharged together with the slag through the slag water outlet 83. A small portion of the ash water is discharged through the black water outlet 84 depending on the liquid level. In addition, the ash water can enter the quenching pool 4 through the ash water circulation port 85. A level gauge is installed in the quenching pool 4 area, with the installation ports being the upper interface 86 and the lower interface 87 of the level gauge. Furthermore, one or more inert gas purging ports 88 are provided on the outer furnace shell 1 of the waste boiler area 12 for the introduction of inert protective gas.

[0057] For example, such as Figure 5 As shown, the collection structure 5 includes a collection channel 51 and multiple baffles 52. The multiple baffles 52 are arranged at intervals in the collection channel 51 in the vertical direction. The upper end surface of the baffles 52 is provided with a protruding structure 521, which can extend the flow path of the crude syngas and improve the collection effect of the collection structure 5, so that the crude syngas discharged from the outlet of the collection structure 5 is cleaner.

[0058] Specifically, such as Figure 5As shown, the collection structure 5 includes a support plate 53 extending in the vertical direction. Multiple baffles 52 are arranged in the vertical direction within the space enclosed by the support plate 53. The multiple baffles 52 and the support plate 53 enclose a collection channel 51. The angle between the baffles 52 and the support plate 53 is selected between 60° and 90°. After the crude syngas enters the collection channel 51, it will collide with the baffles 52 and form multiple vortex stagnation zones in the area of ​​the protruding structure 521 to achieve the collection and separation of water vapor and fly ash. Then, it will be collected in the ash collection chamber 54 (the area where the support plate 53 and the baffles 52 are connected) and flow back to the bottom of the gasifier. The clean crude syngas after the water vapor and fly ash are separated by the collection structure 5 is discharged from the gasifier.

[0059] For example, the quenching zone 13 adopts a jacketed overflow water seal trough structure to form a water flow channel, and soft water overflows into the quenching pool 4 after passing through the water seal trough.

[0060] Optionally, the gasifying agent in the gasifier is pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched gas, which allows for more complete combustion of biomass and other organic materials, thus improving gasification performance and resulting in higher energy efficiency.

[0061] The gasifier operates at temperatures between 1000℃ and 1600℃, and at pressures between 1MPa and 10MPa. Alternatively, superheated steam can be added to the gasifier as needed for the project. This allows for more complete combustion of biomass and other organic materials, improving gasification performance and resulting in higher energy efficiency.

[0062] Understandably, the organic materials supplied to the gasifier can be conveyed by dense-phase pneumatic conveying (the conveying gas is a high-purity inert gas: CO2 or N2) or by high-pressure dense-phase coal-water slurry conveying. The applicable organic materials include, but are not limited to, biomass, organic solid waste, coal, biochar and other materials containing organic matter. It can be applied in multiple fields such as energy, chemical industry, medicine, environmental protection and energy conservation.

[0063] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0064] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0065] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0066] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0067] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0068] Although the above embodiments have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Any changes, modifications, substitutions and variations made to the above embodiments by those skilled in the art are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gasifier, characterized in that, include: The furnace shell has a gasification zone, a waste pot zone and a quenching zone inside. The gasification zone, the waste pot zone and the quenching zone are arranged sequentially from top to bottom. The upper end of the furnace shell is provided with a feeding port that communicates with the gasification zone. A water-cooled wall structure is provided in the gasification zone and located on the inner wall of the furnace shell, and cooling water is introduced into the water-cooled wall structure. Waste boiler structure, the waste boiler structure includes a heat exchange tube assembly, the heat exchange tube assembly is located in the waste boiler area; A quenching pool is provided within the quenching zone; A collection structure is provided in the waste boiler area, and the collection structure is used to collect water vapor and fly ash generated inside the furnace shell; The gasifier also includes a conical section made of refractory bricks, which is located in the gasification zone and below the water-cooled wall structure. The inner diameter of the conical section gradually decreases from top to bottom. The angle between the inner wall surface of the conical segment and the central axis of the conical segment is α, where 45°≤α≤60°, and the outer diameter of the lower port of the conical segment is φ, where 100mm≤φ≤600mm. The heat exchange tube assembly includes multiple first tubes and multiple second tubes. The multiple first tubes are arranged sequentially along the outer periphery of the lower port of the conical section. The multiple second tubes are located between the first tubes and the inner wall of the waste heat zone, and are arranged sequentially along the circumference of the waste heat zone. The first tubes and the second tubes are connected. The outer wall of the furnace shell is provided with a waste heat outlet and a waste heat inlet. The waste heat outlet is connected to the first tube, and the waste heat inlet is connected to the second tube.

2. The gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The furnace shell includes a first anti-corrosion coating, a second anti-corrosion coating, a metal shell layer, a heat insulation coating, and a refractory layer. Along the direction from the outside to the inside of the furnace shell, the first anti-corrosion coating, the metal shell layer, the second anti-corrosion coating, the heat insulation coating, and the refractory layer are arranged sequentially. And / or, the water-cooled wall structure includes a third anti-corrosion coating, a fourth anti-corrosion coating, a water-cooled pipe layer, a nail-supported refractory layer, and a high-temperature refractory layer, arranged sequentially along the direction from the outside to the inside of the water-cooled wall structure.

3. The gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gasifier also includes a furnace cover, which is located at the inlet. The furnace cover includes a furnace cover mounting flange and a refractory brick layer, with the refractory brick layer located inside the furnace cover mounting flange. Alternatively, the gasifier may also include a furnace cover, which is located at the inlet. The furnace cover includes a furnace cover mounting flange and a water cooling plate, with the water cooling plate located inside the furnace cover mounting flange. Alternatively, the gasifier may also include a furnace cover, wherein heat-insulating refractory cotton is provided at the junction of the furnace cover and the inlet.

4. The gasifier according to claim 1, characterized in that, A first reversing flow channel is defined between the first pipe and the second pipe, and a second reversing flow channel is defined between the second pipe and the inner wall of the waste boiler area. The first reversing flow channel and the second reversing flow channel are used to flow crude syngas.

5. The gasifier according to claim 4, characterized in that, The trapping structure is arranged near the upper side of the second reversing flow channel and is connected to the second reversing flow channel.

6. The gasifier according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The trapping structure includes a trapping channel and multiple partitions. The multiple partitions are arranged at intervals in the trapping channel in the vertical direction, and the upper surface of the partitions is provided with a protruding structure.

7. The gasifier according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The gasifying agent in the gasifier is pure oxygen or oxygen-enriched gas. And / or, the operating temperature range of the gasifier is between 1000℃ and 1600℃, and the operating pressure range of the gasifier is between 1MPa and 10MPa.

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