Liquid high-temperature slag iron out-of-control control method based on emergency diversion

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace ironmaking safety production, in particular to a liquid high-temperature slag iron out-of-control control method based on emergency diversion. Comprising the following steps that flow guiding devices are arranged at the connecting position of a blast furnace main runner and an iron runner and the connecting position of a slag runner and a dry slag pit in advance respectively, and the flow guiding devices are kept normally open in the normal iron tapping state, so that liquid slag iron can flow along a normal path. And when the liquid iron slag flows out of control, the flow guide devices at the two positions are triggered to be closed at the same time. And through the closed flow guide device, the liquid slag iron is blocked from flowing to the original path of the flow guide device, and is guided into the dry slag pit. And the flow direction of the liquid slag iron can be quickly, safely and effectively controlled, so that loss caused by out-of-control accidents is fundamentally avoided or reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blast furnace ironmaking safety production technology, specifically to a method for controlling runaway liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion. Background Technology

[0002] Blast furnace ironmaking is one of the most important production processes in the modern steel industry, essentially a continuous, high-temperature physicochemical reaction process. During this process, the periodic discharge of molten slag and iron (i.e., tapping) is a core task to ensure the smooth operation of the blast furnace. However, due to the extremely high temperature (typically exceeding 1450℃) and enormous thermal energy of molten slag and iron, its discharge process is always accompanied by extremely high safety risks. With the industry's increasingly stringent requirements for safe production, the safe management of molten high-temperature slag and iron has become a top priority for ironmaking production enterprises.

[0003] In actual production, the blast furnace taphole is the weakest link in the entire tapping system. Due to various factors such as differences in operator skills, sudden equipment failures (e.g., taphole tapping machine, mud gun), fluctuations in the quality of the taphole clay, and the complex hearth condition at the end of the blast furnace's service life, abnormal taphole conditions are inevitable during production. These abnormalities mainly include: shallow taphole, excessive flow, and inability to plug the taphole. Their common consequence is that the flow of high-temperature molten slag and iron becomes uncontrolled.

[0004] Currently, the industry generally adopts the following two emergency response methods to deal with the above-mentioned emergency situation of uncontrolled molten slag and iron: (1) Shutting down or reducing blast to block the taphole: This method attempts to reduce the outflow at the taphole by significantly reducing the blast pressure or even shutting down the blast completely, so that the taphole can be re-blocked with mud guns. However, this approach has significant drawbacks: if the blast is forcibly shut down before the slag and iron accumulated in the hearth are completely discharged, it is very easy to cause an imbalance between the pressure inside the furnace and the external pressure. High-temperature slag and iron will backflow into the blast furnace tuyeres, causing serious equipment accidents such as tuyere burn-out or even slag filling. Not only are the maintenance costs high, but the stable operation of the blast furnace will also be seriously disrupted.

[0005] (2) Blocking the lower hole of the slag skimmer with trough material: This method involves manually throwing refractory materials such as trough material into the lower hole of the slag skimmer (commonly known as the "gate") to try to block the downstream flow of molten iron. This method has multiple risks: First, when the slag-iron flow is large, the thrown trough material will be quickly washed away, making it difficult to block successfully; second, the operator needs to work in close proximity to the surging molten iron, and the splashing molten iron can easily cause serious burns, posing a very high risk to personal safety; third, if the blockage fails, ① if the molten iron ladle has capacity, it will be fine, but if it does not, it will inevitably cause liquid high-temperature slag and iron to fall to the ground and damage the molten iron ladle and railway. ② A large amount of molten iron will rush into the slag flushing system and come into contact with the cooling water, which may at least block the slag flushing trough and equipment, or at worst, cause a violent steam explosion due to instantaneous vaporization and evaporation, resulting in equipment damage and personnel casualties, and leading to more serious secondary accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for controlling runaway liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion. This method can quickly, safely, and effectively control the flow direction of liquid slag and iron, thereby fundamentally avoiding or reducing losses from runaway accidents.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical solution: A method for controlling runaway of liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion includes the following steps: A flow guiding device is installed at the connection between the main blast furnace trough and the molten iron trough, and at the connection between the slag trough and the dry slag pit. The flow guiding device is kept open under normal iron tapping conditions so that the liquid slag and iron can flow along the normal path.

[0008] When the flow of liquid slag and iron becomes uncontrollable, the flow guiding devices at both locations are simultaneously triggered to shut down.

[0009] By closing the flow guiding device, the liquid slag and iron flow is blocked from its original path and guided into the dry slag pit.

[0010] Furthermore, the flow guiding device is a gate valve type structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the triggering step is manually triggered.

[0012] Furthermore, the triggering step is triggered by a power drive system, which includes one of hydraulic drive, pneumatic drive, or electric drive.

[0013] Furthermore, the flow guiding device remains open under normal iron tapping conditions, utilizing the radiant heat of the molten slag flowing through the channel to preheat the device itself.

[0014] Furthermore, the aforementioned pre-installation of a flow guiding device at the connection between the blast furnace main trough and the blast furnace slag trough specifically involves installing the flow guiding device at the lower end of the skimmer.

[0015] Furthermore, the provision of a flow guiding device at the connection between the slag ditch and the dry slag pit specifically involves installing the flow guiding device on the lower side of the entrance to the dry slag pit.

[0016] Furthermore, the flow guiding device includes a pressure rod and a valve plug driven by the pressure rod to achieve opening and closing.

[0017] Furthermore, the valve plug has a thickness greater than 10cm, and its working surface shape is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the channel; the valve plug and the pressure rod are detachably connected.

[0018] Furthermore, the pressure rod is connected to a hinge seat fixed to the side of the channel via a hinge shaft, so that the pressure rod can rotate around the hinge shaft, thereby realizing the opening and closing action of the valve plug.

[0019] Compared with existing methods, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) It fundamentally improves the safety and reliability of emergency response. Through the pre-set normally open diversion device, the runaway fluid can be immediately forced into the dry slag pit. This completely changes the unreliable and high-risk operation mode that relies on "manual throwing of trough material", effectively reduces the difficulty and intensity of the operation for personnel in front of the furnace, and fundamentally eliminates the risk of burns caused by splashing molten iron, as well as the explosion accident caused by molten iron entering the slag flushing system.

[0020] (2) It effectively ensures the stable operation of the blast furnace and avoids secondary equipment accidents. The method of the present invention does not require blast furnace shutdown or reduced blast to block the taphole, thus completely avoiding serious equipment accidents such as "tuyere slag filling" and "tuyere damage" caused by forced shutdown due to incomplete slag and iron removal in the hearth. This allows operators to remove the liquid slag and iron accumulated in the hearth under special circumstances, greatly reducing the risks caused by shutdown or reduced blast, and is conducive to the smooth operation of the blast furnace.

[0021] (3) It has achieved precise control over the flow of uncontrolled slag and iron, minimizing production and operation losses.

[0022] By simultaneously shutting down two diversion devices, this invention can effectively reduce the risk of uncontrolled molten iron and prevent molten iron from damaging key equipment such as molten iron ladles, ladle racks, and railway tracks after it falls out of control, thereby minimizing the potential losses from derivative accidents that may occur to production and operation.

[0023] (4) The system is ingeniously designed, combining reliability and economy. The flow guiding device uses the normally open state for self-preheating, ensuring inherent safety in emergency situations; at the same time, the valve plug is made of economical materials such as refractory castable, which is inexpensive and easy to maintain, and has excellent promotional value. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure and working status of the present invention after installation.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure bar and hinge seat structure of the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Pressure rod; 2. Valve plug; 3. Hinge seat; 4. Channel; 5. Hinge shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0029] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0031] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0032] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0033] Example: This invention provides a method for controlling runaway of liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion. Its core lies in a diversion device system installed at key locations and its application.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the flow guiding device used in this invention is a gate valve structure, which mainly consists of a pressure rod 1, a valve plug 2, a hinge seat 3, and a hinge shaft 5.

[0035] Valve plug 2 is the core component for performing the sealing function. To ensure sufficient structural strength and durability under the impact of high-temperature molten iron, its thickness is designed to be greater than 10 cm. The manufacturing of valve plug 2 fully considers economy and applicability: a mold is made according to the shape of the actual channel 4 (iron or slag channel), and the refractory castable commonly used in the main iron channel of the blast furnace is poured into the mold and compacted. At the same time, the connecting bolts are inserted, and it is then naturally cured and shaped. This manufacturing method ensures that the material of valve plug 2 is consistent with the existing channel lining, the thermal expansion performance is matched, the cost is low, and it is easy to replace.

[0036] The pressure rod 1 serves as the driving component. A threaded hole is formed on the pressure rod 1, which is threadedly connected to the screw on the valve plug 2. This detachable connection greatly facilitates the installation, removal, and replacement of the valve plug 2. The end of the pressure rod 1 is a round sleeve that fits onto the hinge shaft 5. The hinge shaft 5 is installed at the hinge hole of the hinge seat 3. The pressure rod 1 can rotate around the hinge shaft 5, with a rotation angle greater than 180°.

[0037] The hinge seat 3 is securely installed on the foundation next to the channel 4 by pre-embedded parts or high-strength bolts to ensure that it can withstand the torque during operation.

[0038] There are two key installation locations in this invention: The first location: installed at the lower end of the skimmer (commonly known as the "gate"), used to control the flow of molten iron towards the ladle.

[0039] The second location: installed on the lower side of the entrance to the dry slag pit in the slag ditch, used to control the flow of molten slag into the dry slag pit.

[0040] The working process and control method of this invention are as follows: During normal production: such as Figure 1 As shown, the flow guiding device is in the normally open state. The pressure rod 1 is placed to one side, and the valve plug 2 is fully raised, without affecting the normal flow of molten slag and iron along the channel 4. During this process, the radiant heat of the high-temperature slag and iron flowing through the channel continuously preheats the valve plug 2, keeping it dry and at a high temperature, thus completely eliminating the safety hazard of splashing and explosion caused by contact between a damp object and molten iron.

[0041] In case of emergency control: In the event of an emergency such as a large flow of molten slag and iron from the taphole or an inability to block it, the blast furnace operator shall immediately activate the emergency procedure and manually move the pressure rod 1 of the guide device at both locations, so that the valve plug 2 rotates around the hinge shaft 5 and falls down, tightly sealing the section of the channel 4 where it is located.

[0042] Specifically: (1) Close the device at the lower eye of the skimmer to shut off the flow channel of molten iron and cut off the path of molten iron to the ladle.

[0043] (2) Close the device at the entrance of the dry slag pit in the slag ditch to shut off the slag ditch, but at this time the dry slag pit has become the only discharge channel.

[0044] Through this coordinated operation, the out-of-control liquid slag and iron flow was forced to change direction and was safely introduced and collected in the dry slag pit.

[0045] By applying this implementation method, the following can be achieved: (1) Rapid control: Mechanical gate closing operation is much faster and more reliable than manual material crushing or ventilation shutdown.

[0046] (2) Safety diversion: The runaway fluid is introduced into a pre-set safe area (dry slag pit), which effectively avoids accidents such as molten iron hitting the ground and damaging the molten iron ladle, ladle rack, railway and other equipment, as well as derivative accidents such as explosions that may be caused by molten iron entering the slag pit.

[0047] (3) Ensuring smooth operation: Accidents can be handled without shutting down the furnace, and the slag and iron accumulated in the hearth can continue to be discharged, which greatly reduces the risk of slag filling at the tuyeres and ensures the stable and smooth operation of the blast furnace.

[0048] (4) Minimize losses: By quickly and effectively controlling the accident, the impact and losses on production and operation can be minimized.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling runaway of liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A flow guiding device is installed at the connection between the main blast furnace trough and the molten iron trough, and at the connection between the slag trough and the dry slag pit. The flow guiding device is kept open under normal iron tapping conditions so that the liquid slag and iron can flow along the normal path. When the flow of molten slag and iron becomes uncontrollable, the flow guiding devices at both locations are simultaneously triggered to shut down; By closing the flow guiding device, the liquid slag and iron flow is blocked from its original path and guided into the dry slag pit.

2. The method for runaway control of liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding device is a gate valve type structure.

3. The method for runaway control of liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triggering step is manually triggered.

4. The method for runaway control of liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The triggering step is triggered by a power drive system, which includes one of hydraulic drive, pneumatic drive, or electric drive.

5. The method for runaway control of liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion according to claim 1, characterized in that, The flow guiding device remains open under normal iron tapping conditions, using the radiant heat of the liquid slag and iron flowing through the channel to preheat the device itself.

6. A method for controlling runaway liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The aforementioned pre-installation of a flow guiding device at the connection between the blast furnace main trough and the blast furnace slag trough specifically refers to installing the flow guiding device at the lower end of the skimmer.

7. A method for controlling runaway liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The aforementioned pre-installation of a flow guiding device at the connection between the slag ditch and the dry slag pit specifically refers to installing the flow guiding device on the lower side of the inlet of the slag ditch and the dry slag pit.

8. A method for controlling runaway liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The flow guiding device includes a pressure rod (1) and a valve plug (2) driven by the pressure rod (1) to achieve opening and closing.

9. The method for runaway control of liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion according to claim 8, characterized in that, The valve plug (2) has a thickness greater than 10cm and its working surface shape is adapted to the cross-sectional shape of the channel. The valve plug (2) and the pressure rod (1) are detachably connected.

10. The method for runaway control of liquid high-temperature slag and iron based on emergency diversion according to claim 9, characterized in that, The pressure rod (1) is connected to the hinge seat (3) fixed on the side of the channel via the hinge shaft (5), so that the pressure rod (1) can rotate around the hinge shaft (5), thereby realizing the opening and closing action of the valve plug (2).

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