Antibacterial blended fabric and processing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an antibacterial blended fabric and a processing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional textiles. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, sequentially carrying out activation, zinc ion anchoring and reaction with a 2-methylimidazole solution on a polyamide fiber substrate, and generating a firmly combined metal organic framework antibacterial layer on the fiber in situ; then vapor deposition hydrophobic treatment is carried out, so that durability is improved; finally, the prepared antibacterial yarn serves as face yarn or plaiting yarn and is combined with polyester / spandex elastic ground yarn through a weft knitting technology, and the antibacterial fabric is woven. The nano-antibacterial layer is constructed on the surface of the fiber in situ, hydrophobic protection and structured weaving are coupled, unification of durability of the antibacterial function and wearing comfort of the fabric is achieved, and the contradiction that durability of the antibacterial function and wearing comfort of the fabric are difficult to consider in the prior art is solved. The prepared fabric has excellent washing fastness, antibacterial property and comfort.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of functional textile technology and relates to an antibacterial blended fabric and its processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Fabrics, as core materials in clothing, home furnishings, and medical fields, directly impact the user experience and safety of products. With increasing health awareness, fabrics with antibacterial properties are gaining market favor. Antibacterial fabrics effectively inhibit the growth of bacteria, fungi, and other microorganisms, reducing odor and the risk of microbial transmission, playing an irreplaceable role in intimate apparel, sportswear, and medical protective equipment. In recent years, the research and application of antibacterial fabrics has become a crucial development direction for the textile industry, with various antibacterial modification technologies emerging and driving fabric products towards functionalization and high-end upgrades.

[0003] Existing antibacterial fabric preparation technologies are mainly divided into two categories: one is the finishing method, which involves attaching antibacterial agents (such as quaternary ammonium salts, heavy metal ions, natural plant extracts, etc.) to the fabric surface through coating, impregnation, spraying, etc.; the other is the blending spinning method, which involves blending antibacterial agents with fiber raw materials and then spinning them to make the antibacterial components evenly dispersed inside the fiber.

[0004] Although existing technologies have achieved antibacterial properties in fabrics, several shortcomings remain. Antibacterial fabrics prepared by finishing methods suffer from issues such as easy shedding of antibacterial agents, poor wash resistance, and significant attenuation of antibacterial effects after long-term use. While blending spinning can improve antibacterial durability, the addition of antibacterial agents may damage the fiber's mechanical properties and lead to uneven dispersion, resulting in unstable antibacterial effects. Furthermore, most antibacterial fabrics focus solely on antibacterial function, lacking auxiliary functions such as hydrophobicity, making them susceptible to the effects of sweat and water stains, which can cause the antibacterial layer to fail. In addition, there are few dedicated antibacterial modification processes for specific fibers such as nylon, making it difficult for existing technologies to balance antibacterial effects with the original fiber properties, thus limiting the application range of antibacterial fabrics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an antibacterial blended fabric and its processing method. The process involves activating and etching nylon, generating an in-situ antibacterial layer, performing a hydrophobic vapor deposition finishing process, and finally achieving precise presentation of the fabric's function through a weft knitting structure. This solves the problems of unstable antibacterial fiber function, fragmented processing technology, and poor practical application effect in the prior art.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A processing method for an antibacterial blended fabric includes a step of preparing antibacterial yarn. The step of preparing antibacterial yarn includes: sequentially activating a nylon fiber substrate, performing metal ion anchoring treatment, and reacting it with an organic ligand solution to generate a metal-organic framework antibacterial layer in situ on the fiber.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the preparation of the antibacterial yarn specifically includes: A1. Etching of the nylon fiber substrate using an alkaline solution; A2. The activated fibers are then immersed in a zinc ion solution for treatment; A3. The S2-treated fibers were reacted with a 2-methylimidazole solution at room temperature to generate an antibacterial layer.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the alkaline solution in A1 is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.1-0.5 mol / L and a treatment temperature of 40-60℃.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in A2, the activated fibers are immersed in a zinc ion solution with a bath ratio of 1:10-20.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the 2-methylimidazole solution in A3 is a 0.1-0.3 mol / L 2-methylimidazole methanol solution, and the reaction time is 2-6 hours.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after generating the antibacterial layer, the method further includes a step of hydrophobic treatment of the antibacterial yarn.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrophobic treatment includes the following steps: B1. After drying the antibacterial yarn, place it in the vacuum chamber of a vapor deposition device and place a mixture of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane inside; B2. Evacuate to a pressure of 0.05-0.1 atm, then heat to 65-75℃ and maintain for 1-3 hours, allowing the vapors of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane to combine with the antibacterial layer and residual hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface to form a hydrophobic layer.

[0013] In this application, sodium hydroxide solution is first used to attack the nylon molecular chains, thereby generating more carboxylate and amino groups on the fiber surface and increasing the surface chemical activity. After immersion in zinc ion solution, zinc ions undergo ion exchange and coordination with the activated groups on the fiber surface to form metal ion sites. 2-methylimidazolium methanol solution is added, and 2-methylimidazolium molecules, as organic ligands, rapidly diffuse to the fiber surface and spontaneously grow with zinc ions through coordination bonds to form zeolite imidazolium ester skeleton material crystals, achieving efficient and long-lasting antibacterial function. Furthermore, the room temperature reaction avoids damage to the mechanical properties of nylon fibers caused by high temperatures.

[0014] A hydrophobic layer is further constructed on the existing antibacterial layer. Under heating and vacuum conditions, TEOS and HMDSN vaporize; TEOS hydrolyzes and condenses on the fiber surface, forming a silica network skeleton; while HMDSN provides hydrophobic methyl groups, which are grafted onto the silica skeleton. Finally, a methyl-rich siloxane hydrophobic layer is formed outside the antibacterial layer. The hydrophobic layer first further fixes the antibacterial crystals, reducing losses caused by friction and washing, and its superhydrophobic properties effectively block the direct contact and penetration of water molecules, oil stains, and large molecular pollutants, thereby significantly improving the wash resistance of the antibacterial function and the overall stain resistance and durability of the fabric, without affecting breathability.

[0015] Furthermore, an antibacterial yarn is prepared using the method described above.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an antibacterial fabric includes the aforementioned antibacterial yarn, as well as an elastic yarn composed of polyester and spandex; wherein the antibacterial yarn serves as a face yarn or a filler yarn in the fabric, thereby forming a continuous antibacterial contact layer on the fabric surface.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fabric is a weft-knitted fabric, and the antibacterial yarn is used as the face yarn or the filler yarn, and forms an outer contact surface with the elastic yarn used as the ground yarn through a weft-knitting structure.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are: (1) This invention activates nylon fibers by etching with sodium hydroxide, increasing the surface carboxylate and amino active sites, providing sufficient binding sites for metal ion anchoring; after zinc ions coordinate with the active groups, they self-assemble with 2-methylimidazolium in situ to form a zeolite imidazolium ester skeleton material antibacterial layer, and the antibacterial components form a strong chemical bond with the fiber substrate, solving the problems of easy shedding and poor washability of traditional antibacterial agents. Moreover, the room temperature reaction process avoids the damage of high temperature to the mechanical properties of nylon fibers, ensuring the original wear resistance and flexibility of the yarn.

[0019] (2) The hydrophobic layer and antibacterial layer prepared by vapor deposition in this invention form a synergistic structure. On the one hand, the antibacterial crystals are further fixed by the siloxane network skeleton, reducing the loss of antibacterial components during friction and washing. On the other hand, the hydrophobic surface layer rich in methyl can effectively block the penetration of water molecules, oil stains and macromolecular pollutants, which not only prevents the antibacterial layer from being eroded and ineffective by sweat and water stains, but also improves the fabric's stain resistance. At the same time, it does not block the pores of the antibacterial layer and the gaps between fibers, ensuring that the breathability of the fabric is not affected.

[0020] (3) The entire antibacterial modification process, especially the key in-situ growth step, is carried out at room temperature, which avoids damage to the internal structure of nylon, spandex and other fibers caused by high temperature and high pressure treatment, thus preserving the softness, elasticity and strength of the fibers themselves. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with embodiments, is provided below.

[0022] Example 1 A processing method for an antibacterial blended fabric includes a step of preparing antibacterial yarn. The step of preparing antibacterial yarn includes: sequentially activating a nylon fiber substrate, performing metal ion anchoring treatment, and reacting it with an organic ligand solution to generate a metal-organic framework antibacterial layer in situ on the fiber.

[0023] The preparation of the antibacterial yarn specifically includes: A1. Etching of the nylon fiber substrate using an alkaline solution; A2. Immerse the activated fibers in a 0.1 mol / L zinc nitrate solution for treatment; A3. The S2-treated fibers were reacted with a 2-methylimidazole solution at room temperature to generate an antibacterial layer.

[0024] The alkaline solution described in A1 is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.3 mol / L and a treatment temperature of 50℃.

[0025] As described in A2, the activated fibers are immersed in a zinc nitrate solution at a bath ratio of 1:15.

[0026] The 2-methylimidazole solution described in A3 is a 0.2 mol / L 2-methylimidazole methanol solution, and the reaction time is 4 hours.

[0027] After generating the antibacterial layer, the method further includes a step of hydrophobic treatment of the antibacterial yarn.

[0028] The hydrophobic treatment includes the following steps: B1. After drying the antibacterial yarn, place it in the vacuum chamber of a vapor deposition device and place a mixture of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane inside; B2. Evacuate to a pressure of 0.08 atm, then heat to 70°C and maintain for 2 hours to allow the vapors of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane to combine with the antibacterial layer and residual hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface to form a hydrophobic layer.

[0029] An antibacterial yarn is prepared using the method described above.

[0030] An antibacterial fabric includes the aforementioned antibacterial yarn, which is used as the face yarn and polyester / spandex elastic core-spun yarn is used as the ground yarn, and is woven into a weft-knitted fabric on a 24-needle double-sided circular knitting machine.

[0031] Example 2 A processing method for an antibacterial blended fabric includes a step of preparing antibacterial yarn. The step of preparing antibacterial yarn includes: sequentially activating a nylon fiber substrate, performing metal ion anchoring treatment, and reacting it with an organic ligand solution to generate a metal-organic framework antibacterial layer in situ on the fiber.

[0032] The preparation of the antibacterial yarn specifically includes: A1. Etching of the nylon fiber substrate using an alkaline solution; A2. Immerse the activated fibers in a 0.1 mol / L zinc nitrate solution for treatment; A3. The S2-treated fibers were reacted with a 2-methylimidazole solution at room temperature to generate an antibacterial layer.

[0033] The alkaline solution described in A1 is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.1 mol / L and a treatment temperature of 40℃.

[0034] As described in A2, the activated fibers are immersed in a zinc nitrate solution at a bath ratio of 1:10.

[0035] The 2-methylimidazole solution described in A3 is a 0.1 mol / L 2-methylimidazole methanol solution, and the reaction time is 2 hours.

[0036] After generating the antibacterial layer, the method further includes a step of hydrophobic treatment of the antibacterial yarn.

[0037] The hydrophobic treatment includes the following steps: B1. After drying the antibacterial yarn, place it in the vacuum chamber of a vapor deposition device and place a mixture of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane inside; B2. Evacuate to a pressure of 0.05 atm, then heat to 65°C and maintain for 1 hour, allowing the vapors of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane to combine with the antibacterial layer and residual hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface to form a hydrophobic layer.

[0038] An antibacterial yarn is prepared using the method described above.

[0039] An antibacterial fabric includes the aforementioned antibacterial yarn, which is used as the face yarn and polyester / spandex elastic core-spun yarn is used as the ground yarn, and is woven into a weft-knitted fabric on a 24-needle double-sided circular knitting machine.

[0040] Example 3 A processing method for an antibacterial blended fabric includes a step of preparing antibacterial yarn. The step of preparing antibacterial yarn includes: sequentially activating a nylon fiber substrate, performing metal ion anchoring treatment, and reacting it with an organic ligand solution to generate a metal-organic framework antibacterial layer in situ on the fiber.

[0041] The preparation of the antibacterial yarn specifically includes: A1. Etching of the nylon fiber substrate using an alkaline solution; A2. Immerse the activated fibers in a 0.1 mol / L zinc nitrate solution for treatment; A3. The S2-treated fibers were reacted with a 2-methylimidazole solution at room temperature to generate an antibacterial layer.

[0042] The alkaline solution described in A1 is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.5 mol / L and a treatment temperature of 60℃.

[0043] As described in A2, the activated fibers are immersed in a zinc nitrate solution at a bath ratio of 1:20.

[0044] The 2-methylimidazole solution described in A3 is a 0.3 mol / L 2-methylimidazole methanol solution, and the reaction time is 6 hours.

[0045] After generating the antibacterial layer, the method further includes a step of hydrophobic treatment of the antibacterial yarn.

[0046] The hydrophobic treatment includes the following steps: B1. After drying the antibacterial yarn, place it in the vacuum chamber of a vapor deposition device and place a mixture of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane inside; B2. Evacuate to a pressure of 0.1 atm, then heat to 75°C and maintain for 3 hours, allowing the vapors of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane to combine with the antibacterial layer and residual hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface to form a hydrophobic layer.

[0047] An antibacterial yarn is prepared using the method described above.

[0048] An antibacterial fabric includes the aforementioned antibacterial yarn, which is used as the face yarn and polyester / spandex elastic core-spun yarn is used as the ground yarn, and is woven into a weft-knitted fabric on a 24-needle double-sided circular knitting machine.

[0049] Example 4 A processing method for an antibacterial blended fabric includes a step of preparing antibacterial yarn. The step of preparing antibacterial yarn includes: sequentially activating a nylon fiber substrate, performing metal ion anchoring treatment, and reacting it with an organic ligand solution to generate a metal-organic framework antibacterial layer in situ on the fiber.

[0050] The preparation of the antibacterial yarn specifically includes: A1. Etching of the nylon fiber substrate using an alkaline solution; A2. Immerse the activated fibers in a 0.1 mol / L zinc nitrate solution for treatment; A3. The S2-treated fibers were reacted with a 2-methylimidazole solution at room temperature to generate an antibacterial layer.

[0051] The alkaline solution described in A1 is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.3 mol / L and a treatment temperature of 50℃.

[0052] As described in A2, the activated fibers are immersed in a zinc nitrate solution at a bath ratio of 1:15.

[0053] The 2-methylimidazole solution described in A3 is a 0.2 mol / L 2-methylimidazole methanol solution, and the reaction time is 4 hours.

[0054] After generating the antibacterial layer, the method further includes a step of hydrophobic treatment of the antibacterial yarn.

[0055] The hydrophobic treatment includes the following steps: B1. After drying the antibacterial yarn, place it in the vacuum chamber of a vapor deposition device and place a mixture of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane inside; B2. Evacuate to a pressure of 0.1 atm, then heat to 75°C and maintain for 3 hours, allowing the vapors of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane to combine with the antibacterial layer and residual hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface to form a hydrophobic layer.

[0056] An antibacterial yarn is prepared using the method described above.

[0057] An antibacterial fabric includes the aforementioned antibacterial yarn, which is used as the face yarn and polyester / spandex elastic core-spun yarn is used as the ground yarn, and is woven into a weft-knitted fabric on a 24-needle double-sided circular knitting machine.

[0058] Comparative Example 1 Using the same ordinary nylon yarn and weft-knitted fabric structure as in the examples, the fabric was woven and then immersed in a 30 g / L dimethyloctadecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride solution for 2 minutes, and then dried.

[0059] Comparative Example 2 Based on Example 1, ZIF-8 nanopowder was used with binder and dispersant to prepare a finishing solution, which was then used to impregnate and dry ordinary nylon yarn. The rest of the process remained the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 3 Based on Example 1, the hydrophobic treatment step is omitted, and the rest remains the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Comparison Example Using the exact same ordinary nylon yarn, polyester, and spandex, and woven into identical weft-knitted fabric structures using the same equipment and processes.

[0062] Performance testing: Antibacterial activity: The antibacterial effect against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was tested according to GB / T 20944.3-2008 standard; Wash resistance and antibacterial properties: Antibacterial properties were tested after 50 washes according to GB / T 8629-2017 standard; Softness: Measured according to GB / T 18318.1-2009 standard; Breathability: Measured according to GB / T 5453-1997 standard.

[0063] The test results show that the embodiment achieved antibacterial durability and comfort by generating an antibacterial layer in situ and hydrophobic treatment; Comparative Example 1 had effective initial antibacterial properties but not lasting properties using the traditional padding method, and its softness and breathability were poor; Comparative Example 2 had poor washability due to the physical finishing of ZIF-8 nanopowder, and the adhesive affected comfort; Comparative Example 3 had reduced antibacterial durability without hydrophobic treatment.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing method for an antibacterial blended fabric, characterized in that, The method includes steps for preparing antibacterial yarn, which include: sequentially activating a nylon fiber substrate, performing metal ion anchoring treatment, and reacting it with an organic ligand solution to generate a metal-organic framework antibacterial layer in situ on the fiber.

2. The processing method of the antibacterial blended fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The preparation of the antibacterial yarn specifically includes: A1. Etching of the nylon fiber substrate using an alkaline solution; A2. The activated fibers are then immersed in a zinc ion solution for treatment; A3. The S2-treated fibers were reacted with a 2-methylimidazole solution at room temperature to generate an antibacterial layer.

3. The processing method of the antibacterial blended fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that, The alkaline solution described in A1 is a sodium hydroxide solution with a concentration of 0.1-0.5 mol / L and a treatment temperature of 40-60℃.

4. The processing method of the antibacterial blended fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that, As described in A2, the activated fibers are immersed in a zinc ion solution at a bath ratio of 1:10-20.

5. The processing method of the antibacterial blended fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that, The 2-methylimidazole solution mentioned in A3 is a 0.1-0.3 mol / L 2-methylimidazole methanol solution, and the reaction time is 2-6 hours.

6. The processing method of the antibacterial blended fabric according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, After generating the antibacterial layer, the method further includes a step of hydrophobic treatment of the antibacterial yarn.

7. The processing method of the antibacterial blended fabric according to claim 6, characterized in that, The hydrophobic treatment includes the following steps: B1. After drying the antibacterial yarn, place it in the vacuum chamber of a vapor deposition equipment and place a mixture of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane inside; B2. Evacuate to a pressure of 0.05-0.1 atm, then heat to 65-75℃ and maintain for 1-3 hours, allowing the vapors of tetraethyl orthosilicate and hexamethyldisilazane to combine with the antibacterial layer and residual hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface to form a hydrophobic layer.

8. An antibacterial yarn, characterized in that, It is prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1-7.

9. An antibacterial blended fabric, characterized in that, Includes the antibacterial yarn as described in claim 8, and elastic yarns composed of polyester and spandex; wherein the antibacterial yarn serves as a face yarn or filler yarn in the fabric, thereby forming a continuous antibacterial contact layer on the fabric surface.

10. The antibacterial blended fabric according to claim 9, characterized in that, The fabric is a weft-knitted fabric, and the antibacterial yarn is used as the face yarn or the filler yarn. It forms an outer contact surface with the elastic yarn, which is used as the ground yarn, through a weft-knitting structure.

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